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Poetry Handout

Poetry is the oldest form of literature written in verse with measures, rhymes, lines, and stanzas. There are three main types: lyric poetry which is intended to be sung, narrative poetry which tells a story, and dramatic poetry meant for performance. Lyric poetry includes songs, sonnets, elegies, and odes. Narrative poetry has epic and ballad forms. Dramatic poetry has monologues, character sketches, and soliloquies. Poetry uses elements like sounds through rhyme, rhythm, and repetition as well as figures of speech including similes, metaphors, and personification to convey meaning beyond the literal words.

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Joana Joaquin
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219 views3 pages

Poetry Handout

Poetry is the oldest form of literature written in verse with measures, rhymes, lines, and stanzas. There are three main types: lyric poetry which is intended to be sung, narrative poetry which tells a story, and dramatic poetry meant for performance. Lyric poetry includes songs, sonnets, elegies, and odes. Narrative poetry has epic and ballad forms. Dramatic poetry has monologues, character sketches, and soliloquies. Poetry uses elements like sounds through rhyme, rhythm, and repetition as well as figures of speech including similes, metaphors, and personification to convey meaning beyond the literal words.

Uploaded by

Joana Joaquin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POETRY

• The oldest form of literature.

• Is a literary type written in verse. It has measures, rhymes, lines, stanzas, and tone.

3 Types of poetry
1. Lyric

2. Narrative

3. Dramatic

LYRIC POETRY

• This kind of poetry is intended to be sung.

• This is easy to understand and is usually accompanied by a musical instrument.

Kinds of Lyric Poetry

1. Song- this is melodious and easily adapted to music.

2. Sonnet- this is a 14 line poem that the Italian and English writers have popularized.

3. Elegy- a lyric poem that expresses grief for someone who passed away.

4. Ode- splendid type of lyric poetry with expression of dignity to someone loved.

5. Psalms- these are songs of praise to God and Virgin Mary.

NARRATIVE POETRY

• This is a long descriptive poem about life and events that may be real or imaginary.

• It tells a story of sequential order of events

Kinds of Narrative Poetry

1. Epic Poetry- this is a long narrative form that exploits lives of heroes, gods, and demi-gods.

2. Ballad Poetry- considered as the shortest and simplest form. It tells a single incident in verse composed to be
sung.
DRAMATIC POETRY

• is long poetry that has intention of being presented on stage

Kinds of Dramatic Poetry

1. Dramatic Monologue- combination of drama and poetry. The speaker addresses to one or more but they
(audience) remain silent.

2. Character Sketch- a brief description or portrayal of a person’s character, qualities, etc.

3. Soliloquy- the character speaks to himself relating to thoughts and feelings.

THE ELEMENTS OF POETRY

A. SOUNDS

B. FIGURES OF SPEECH

A. SOUNDS
1. Rhyme
2. Rhythm
3. Repetition
1. RHYME
Regular recurrence of similar sounds usually at the end of the lines
2. RHYTHM
Like the beat of music, is the recurrence of pattern of sound.
3. REPETITION
The repeated use of word, sound, phrase sentences, rhythmical pattern or grammatical pattern.

COMMON FORMS OF REPETITION

1. ALLITERATION- repetition of initial consonant sounds.

Ex: He clasps the crag with crooked hands.

2. CONSONANCE- repetition of internal consonant sounds.

Ex: The spotted kitten slept quietly on matted mattress fur.

3. ASSONANCE- repetition of vowel sounds

Ex: “Do not go gentle into that good night.”

4. ONOMATOPOEIA- refers to words that sound like what they mean.

Ex:“Bang!” “Tick-tock” “Splash” (water) “Boom!”


FIGURES OF SPEECH
-An utterance not in its literal meaning but in its implication.

6. IRONY
1. SIMILE Sarcasm | meaning is the opposite of their
Indirect comparison usual meaning or expected to happen
Latin word that means “similar” You’re so lovely today! You look like a
Introduced by like, as, as if, etc. Christmas tree.
His mind is like a sponge. “You’re a great guy” then she rolls her eyes.
As white as snow. The marriage counselor files for divorce.
“And like a thunderbolt he falls.” Water everywhere but not a drop to drink.

2. METAPHOR 7. OXYMORON
Direct comparison Contradictory terms
You are my angel. Parting is such a sweet sorrow.
He is a walking encyclopedia Less is more.
Character is a diamond that scratches every Sound of silence.
other stone Act naturally
Seriously funny
3. PERSONIFICATION
Human characteristics to something 8. APOSTROPHE
nonhuman Talking to non-living things/ inanimate
The volcano is very angry. object
Only the moon was the witness of our love. O Death! Where is thy thing?
Time had fallen asleep when I was weeping Love, thy will be done.
Why don’t you ever work, you stupid
4. METONYMY computer?!
Stand in for another word
(Representation) 9. EUPHEMISM
Lend me your ears. Sugar coating | the use of mild words
The pen is mightier than the sword. Passed away (died)
I give you my hand. Correctional facility (jail)
The Palace announced the work Pregnancy termination (abortion)
suspension. Adult beverages (liquor/beer)
Big-boned (fat)
5. HYPERBOLE Screwed up (in trouble)
Exaggeration | Unrealistic Golden age (old)
She cried forever! Working class (poor)
He almost died laughing. Economically disadvantaged/challenged
I’ve been waiting for eternity (poor)

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