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Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test in SPSS

This document describes how to conduct a chi-square goodness-of-fit test in SPSS to analyze whether repairs changed the output of a machine. It involves: 1) Entering the sample data on 200 parts into SPSS, 2) Selecting chi-square from the nonparametric tests menu, 3) Specifying the null hypothesis proportions, 4) Examining the expected frequencies, test statistic, and p-value in the output, 5) Making a decision to reject the null hypothesis if p-value is less than 0.05, and 6) Concluding that the repairs changed the machine's output since the p-value is less than the significance level.

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Sugiono Sinurat
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43 views2 pages

Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test in SPSS

This document describes how to conduct a chi-square goodness-of-fit test in SPSS to analyze whether repairs changed the output of a machine. It involves: 1) Entering the sample data on 200 parts into SPSS, 2) Selecting chi-square from the nonparametric tests menu, 3) Specifying the null hypothesis proportions, 4) Examining the expected frequencies, test statistic, and p-value in the output, 5) Making a decision to reject the null hypothesis if p-value is less than 0.05, and 6) Concluding that the repairs changed the machine's output since the p-value is less than the significance level.

Uploaded by

Sugiono Sinurat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test in SPSS STAT 314

A machine has a record of producing 80% excellent, 17% good, and 3% unacceptable parts. After extensive
repairs, a sample of 200 produced 157 excellent, 42 good, and 1 unacceptable part. Have the repairs changed
the nature of the output of the machine? Use SPSS with α = 0.05.

1. Enter the data into one variable (Quality: 1 = Excellent, 2 = Good, 3 = Unacceptable) so that there
are 157 Excellent (1), 42 Good (2), and 1 Unacceptable (3). This method enters raw data.
or
Enter the category values into one variable and the observed frequencies into another variable (see
left figure, below). Then weight the category values variable by the observed frequencies variable
(see two right figures, below). This method enters tabulated data.

2. Select Analyze  Nonparametric Tests  Chi-Square… (see left figure, below).

3. Select “Quality” as the test variable and enter the values for the null hypothesis proportions in
numerical order by category value [i.e., P(Excellent) = π1,0 = 0.80, then P(Good) = π2,0 = 0.17, then
P(Unacceptable) = π3,0 = 0.03] (see right figure, below).
4. Your output gives the expected frequencies table (Step 4.1), the Chi-Square test statistic and p-value
(Step 4.3), as well as a footnote for checking the assumptions (Step 4.2).

Step 1: Hypotheses
H0: The repairs did not change the nature of the output of the machine.
[i.e., the proportions remained the same (π1 = 0.80, π2 = 0.17, π3 = 0.03)]
Ha: The repairs did change the nature of the output of the machine.
[i.e., the proportions changed after the repairs (at least one πi ≠ πi,0)]
Step 2: Significance Level
α = 0.05
Step 3: Rejection Region
Reject the null hypothesis if p-value ≤ 0.05 = α.
Step 4.1: Calculate Expected Frequencies

Step 4.2: Check Assumptions


According to footnote a (below), all expected frequencies are ≥ 5 (smallest value is 6).
Step 4.3: Test Statistic and P-value

Step 5: Decision
Since p-value = 0.0472 ≤ 0.05, we shall reject the null hypothesis.
Step 6: State conclusion in words
At the α = 0.05 level of significance, there is enough evidence to conclude that the repairs
changed the nature of the output of the machine (the proportions are not what they used to be).

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