PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI

PERANGKAT BERGERAK
(LANJUT)

“
SQLite Database

K Candra Brata
andra.course@gmail.com
Mobille App Lab 2017-2018
SQLite Concept
Definition

Android menyediakan salah satu mekanisme penyimpanan

data berulang yang dapat tersimpan secara terstruktur dan
berelasi dengan menggunakan SQLite.

SQLite hanya mendukung beberapa tipe data seperti

text, int, real. Jadi apabila ingin menyimpan data yang
tidak didukung oleh SQLite maka harus dilakukan
proses konversi tipe data yang sesuai dengan tipe
data yang didukung sebelum melakukan penyimpanan
data.
Using SQLite
database
 Versatile and straightforward to implement
 Structured data that you need to store persistently
 Access, search, and change data frequently
 Primary storage for user or app data
 Cache and make available data fetched from the
cloud.
 Data can be represented as rows and columns.
SQLite software
library

Implements SQL database engine that is

 self-contained (requires no other components)
 serverless (requires no server backend)
 zero-configuration (does not need to be configured
for your application)
 transactional (changes within a single transaction in
SQLite either occur completely or not at all)
SQLite
Transaction

A transaction is a sequence of operations performed as

a single logical unit of work.

A logical unit of work must have four properties

 Atomicity
 Consistency
 Isolation
 Durability
SQLite Transaction
(ACID)

 Atomicity—All or no modifications are performed

 Consistency—When transaction has completed, all data
is in a consistent state
 Isolation—Modifications made by concurrent transactions
must be isolated from the modifications made by any
other concurrent transactions
 Durability—After a transaction has completed, its effects
are permanently in place in the system
SQLite Table Operation
Table Example

table_mahasiswa
_id nama nim
1 "alpha" "1234"
2 "beta" "5678"
3 "omega" "9999"
Components of
SQLite database
 SQLiteOpenHelper
 SQLite database represented as an SQLiteDatabase
object.

 All interactions with database through

SQLiteOpenHelper
 Executes your requests
 Manages your database
 Separates data and interaction from app
 Keeps complex apps manageable
Cursors

 Data type commonly used for results of queries.

 Pointer into a row of structured data ...
 … think of it as an array of rows
 Cursor class provides methods for moving cursor and
getting data .
 SQLiteDatabase always presents results as Cursor
Cursor common
operations
 getCount()—number of rows in cursor
 getColumnNames()—string array with column names
 getPosition()—current position of cursor
 getString(int column), getInt(int column), ...
 moveToFirst(), moveToNext(), ...
 close() releases all resources and invalidates cursor
Cursors
 Processing
Cursors
// Store results of query in a cursor

Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(...);

try {
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

// Do something with data

} finally {
cursor.close();
}
Implementing SQLite
Table Example

table_mahasiswa
_id nama nim
1 "alpha" "1234"
2 "beta" "5678"
3 "omega" "9999"
Basic Steps

1.Create Database Contract

2.Subclass SQLiteOpenHelper
a.Create constants variable for tables
b.onCreate()—create SQLiteDatabase with tables
c. onUpgrade(), and optional methods
3.Create data model
4.Create Helper Class to Implement query(), insert(),
delete(), update(), count() in each Table.
5.In MainActivity, create instance of SQLiteOpenHelper
6.Call methods of SQLiteOpenHelper to work with
database
 1. Database
Contract
 Declare variable table name and column
 Implement BaseColumns to automatically create “_id” column.

public class DatabaseContract {

static String TABLE_MAHASISWA = "table_mahasiswa";

static final class MahasiswaColumns implements BaseColumns

{

// MahasiswaModel nama
static String NAMA = "nama";
// MahasiswaModel nim
static String NIM = "nim";

}
}
 2. Subclass
SQLiteOpenHelper

public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

public DatabaseHelper (Context context) {

super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
Log.d(TAG, "Construct DatabaseHelper");
}

…
}
 2. Declare constants
for Database

// It's a good idea to always define a log tag like this.

private static final String TAG =
DatabaseHelper.class.getSimpleName();

// has to be 1 first time or app will crash

private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
private static final String DATABASE_NAME = “dbmahasiswa";
2. Define query for
creating database

 You need a query to create the database (DDL)

 Customarily defined as a string constant

public static String CREATE_TABLE_MAHASISWA = "create

table "+TABLE_MAHASISWA+
" ("+_ID+" integer primary key autoincrement, " +
NAMA+" text not null, " +
NIM+" text not null);";
 2. onCreate()

@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db)
// Create the tables
db.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE_MAHASISWA);

// Add initial data (optional)

In the onCreate method, add code to create a database and the table (The helper class does not
create another database, if one already exists.)
 2. onUpgrade()

 onUpgrade( ) will be called if there are different DB

Version number or data migration.

@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+TABLE_MAHASISWA);

onCreate(db);
}
}

Drop table tidak dianjurkan ketika proses migrasi terjadi dikarenakan data user akan hilang,.
SAVE DATA !!!
2. Optional
Methods
 onDowngrade( )—default rejects downgrade
 onConfigure( )—called before onCreate(). Only call
methods that configure the parameters of the database
connection
 onOpen( )
 2. DatabaseHelper
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

private static String DATABASE_NAME = "dbmahasiswa";

private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;

public static String CREATE_TABLE_MAHASISWA = "create table "+TABLE_MAHASISWA+

" ("+_ID+" integer primary key autoincrement, " +
NAMA+" text not null, " +
NIM+" text not null);";

public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {

super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
}

@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE_MAHASISWA);

@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
/*
Drop table tidak dianjurkan ketika proses migrasi terjadi dikarenakan data user akan
hilang,
*/
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+TABLE_MAHASISWA);
onCreate(db);
}
}
 3. Data Model

 Class with getters and setters

 One "item" of data (for database, one record or one row)
 Make it Parcelable (optional).

public class MahasiswaModel {

private int id;
private String name;
private String nim;
...

}
 public class MahasiswaModel {

3. Mahasiswa private int id;

private String name;

Model private String nim;

public MahasiswaModel(String name, String nim) {

this.name = name;
this.nim = nim;
}

public MahasiswaModel(int id, String name, String nim) {

this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.nim = nim;
}

public String getNim() {

return nim;
}

public void setNim(String nim) {

this.nim = nim;
}

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;
}

public int getId() {

return id;
}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;
}

}
 4. Table Helper
Class (DML)
 In SQLiteDatabase API, we can call method
query(), insert(), update(), delete() to manipulate our data.

 To open connection to DB and invoke these methods,

instance SQLiteDatabase object from
getWritableDatabase() inside DatabaseHelper.

// Gets the data repository in write mode

SQLiteDatabase database = databaseHelper.getWritableDatabase();

 Use database convenience methods for insert, delete, and

update
 4. insert()

long insert(String table, String nullColumnHack,

ContentValues values)

● First argument is the table name.

● Second argument is a String nullColumnHack.
○ Workaround that allows you to insert empty rows
○ Use null as default
● Third argument must be a ContentValues with values for the row

● Returns the id of the newly inserted item

 4. insert()

ContentValues

● An instance of ContentValues
○ Represents one table row
○ Stores data as key-value pairs
○ Key is the name of the column
○ Value is the value for the field

● Used to pass row data between methods

4. insert() example

public long insert(MahasiswaModel mahasiswaModel){

ContentValues initialValues = new ContentValues();
initialValues.put(NAMA, mahasiswaModel.getName());
initialValues.put(NIM, mahasiswaModel.getNim());
return database.insert(TABLE_MAHASISWA, null, initialValues);
}
4. executing
queries

 SQLiteDatabase.rawQuery()
Use when data is under your control and supplied only
by your app

 SQLiteDatabase.query()
Use for all other queries
 4. rawQuery()
rawQuery(String sql, String[] selectionArgs)

 First parameter is SQLite query string

 Second parameter contains the arguments
 Only use if your data is supplied by app and under
your full control.
 4. rawQuery()

String queryString = "SELECT * FROM " + TABLE_MAHASISWA +

" ORDER BY " + NAMA + " ASC " +
"LIMIT " + position;

cursor = database.rawQuery(queryString, null);

4. query()

 query() can take and return any data type that UI

needs
 Only support queries that your app needs

query (String table,

String[] columns, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs, String groupBy,
String having, String orderBy,String limit);
 4. query() example

public ArrayList<MahasiswaModel> getAllData(){

Cursor cursor =
database.query(TABLE_MAHASISWA,null,null,null,null,null,_ID+ " DESC",null);
cursor.moveToFirst();
ArrayList<MahasiswaModel> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();
MahasiswaModel mahasiswaModel;
if (cursor.getCount()>0) {
do {
mahasiswaModel = new MahasiswaModel();
mahasiswaModel.setId(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(_ID)));
mahasiswaModel.setName(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(NAMA)));
mahasiswaModel.setNim(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(NIM)));
arrayList.add(mahasiswaModel);
cursor.moveToNext();

} while (!cursor.isAfterLast());
}
cursor.close();

return arrayList;
}
 4. update()

int update(String table, ContentValues values,

String whereClause, String[] whereArgs)

 First argument is table name

 Second argument must be ContentValues with new values for the row
 Third argument is WHERE clause
 Fourth argument are the arguments to the WHERE clause
 4. update()
Example

public int update(MahasiswaModel mahasiswaModel){

ContentValues args = new ContentValues();

args.put(NAMA, mahasiswaModel.getName());
args.put(NIM, mahasiswaModel.getNim());
return database.update(TABLE_MAHASISWA, args, _ID + "= '" + mahasiswaModel.getId() + "'", null);

}
 4. delete()

int delete (String table, String whereClause, String[] whereArgs)

 First argument is table name

 Second argument is WHERE clause
 Third argument are arguments to WHERE clause
 4. delete() example

public int delete(int id){

return database.delete(TABLE_MAHASISWA, _ID + " = '"+id+"'", null);
}
5. Instantiate
OpenHelper

● In MainActivity onCreate()

mahasiswaHelper = new MahasiswaHelper(this);

6. Work with database
OpenHelper

● In MainActivity onCreate()
mahasiswaHelper = new MahasiswaHelper(this);
● Call method of SQLiteOpenHelper
mahasiswaHelper.open();
mahasiswaHelper.getAllData();
mahasiswaHelper.close();
SQLite Transaction
 Query Transaction

 Use transactions when performing multiple operations that all need to

complete to keep database consistent.
 Use to batch multiple independent operations to improve
performance.

Example : insert multiple data in one time execution.

Transaction
common structure

database.beginTransaction();
try {

... // your process

database.setTransactionSuccessful();
} finally {
database.endTransaction();
}
Code Lab
Implementation
Tugas 1
Buat Apliaksi Native android dengan
memanfaatkan SQLite sebagai media
penyimpanan.

Minimal 2 Table
Tiap Table min 3 kolom.

Skenario Aplikasi bebas.

Proses CRUD harus bisa di semua table.
Harus ada Feature Search.
Thanks!
JOIN !!

http://j.gs/18164083/papbl