6 General Information On Water Treatment: Use of Ozone
6 General Information On Water Treatment: Use of Ozone
Pr Minent
6 General information on water treatment
Disinfection using chlorine: The process of chlorination that has proved itself throughout the world for many
years is characterised by a safe and quick degermination speed with a high level of oxidation. It is therefore
the disinfection process of choice in swimming pool water treatment.
A decisive factor in disinfection is the concentration of free active chlorine (hypochlorous acid = HOCI). Ac
cording to DIN 19643, the concentration of chlorine in a pool should lie between 0.3 and 0.6 mg per litre.
With warm whirlpools, the concentration should lie between 0.7 and 1.0 mg / litre. As the concentration of
chlorine is continually reduced by substances that enter the water, such as, dust, cosmetics, skin particles,
bacteria and algae, a reactivation is prescribed in DIN 19643 by an automatic measuring, control and me
tering system. The metering systems must be designed for metering outputs of 2 g/m3 (indoor swimming
pools) or 10 g/m3 (outdoor swimming pools). Systems, such as this, are also recommended for private
pools. The chlorine measurement must be carried out directly via a chlorine measuring cell and not via the
redox voltage auxiliary parameter. This produces the following benefits:
The redox voltage is an auxiliary hygiene parameter and is used to monitor the water quality or hygienic
safety. Redox voltages of > 700 mV guarantee the quick destruction of any germs recorded.
Use of ozone: The use of chlorine in conventional water treatment can lead to undesired reaction prod
ucts, such as trihalomethanes and chloramines.
The chloramines (bound chlorine) are responsible for the typical indoor swimming pool odour and can lead
to irritation of the skin and mucous membrane. Trihalomethanes are suspected as being carcinogenic.
These problems can be drastically reduced by the use of ozone. Ozone is the strongest oxidising agent ap
proved for use in water treatment. It is usually added before the filter stage. Any undesirable substances in
the water, chloramines and turbidity, are oxidised and retained in the filter. Moreover, the content of tri
halomethanes is reduced significantly below the limit values.
The use of ozone in swimming pool water treatment provides the following advantages:
As ozone may have a negative impact on people's health due to outgassing, it is only allowed to be used
in water treatment systems in accordance with DIN 19643. It must be removed completely before the water
is introduced into the swimming pool.
Disinfection in the pool itself must be provided with chlorine. This is also recommended for household
pools. However, active oxygen products can also be used instead of chlorine.
Disinfection using active oxygen: Disinfection using active oxygen is only permitted in household pools.
The recommendations of the chemical supplier must be observed here in all cases.
Measuring and control units record the measured values of the sensors, process them and, for example,
control the metering pump according to the actual water parameters. Such systems offer the operator safe
ty and can relieve them of a lot of work at the same time.