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Reduction of Relative Clauses - GrammarBank

1. Relative clauses can be reduced by omitting the relative pronoun in certain conditions, such as in defining clauses where the relative pronoun is the object. 2. The relative clause can also be reduced by using participles like "connecting" or "having lived" instead of the relative pronoun. 3. If the verb "to be" follows the relative pronoun, both can be omitted. 4. When the verb "have" means possession, the relative pronoun and "have" can be omitted and replaced with "with" or "without". 5. Infinitives like "to" can replace the relative pronoun in certain cases like "the only person to understand me".

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212 views2 pages

Reduction of Relative Clauses - GrammarBank

1. Relative clauses can be reduced by omitting the relative pronoun in certain conditions, such as in defining clauses where the relative pronoun is the object. 2. The relative clause can also be reduced by using participles like "connecting" or "having lived" instead of the relative pronoun. 3. If the verb "to be" follows the relative pronoun, both can be omitted. 4. When the verb "have" means possession, the relative pronoun and "have" can be omitted and replaced with "with" or "without". 5. Infinitives like "to" can replace the relative pronoun in certain cases like "the only person to understand me".

Uploaded by

ertan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11.12.

2018 Reduct on of Relat ve Clauses - GrammarBank

Reduced Relat ve Clauses


You may remove the relat ve pronoun and reduce your sentence n certa n cond t ons.

The man who wants to talk to you s wa t ng for you.


The man want ng to talk to you s wa t ng for you.

Relat ve Clause Reduct on Rules

1. In def n ng clauses, we can om t the relat ve pronoun n the pos t on of object.

The boy who / whom / that you don’t l ke much wants to talk to you.
The boy you don’t l ke much wants to talk to you.

Note: In non-def n ng sentences you ne ther om t the relat ve pronoun nor use "that".

My mother, who / whom that you met yesterday, wants to talk to you.
My mother you met yesterday...

2. We can use part c ples when reduc ng the sentence.

a) Present Part c ple "V- ng" (s multaneous)

We stood on the br dge wh ch connects the two halves of the c ty.


We stood on the br dge connect ng the two halves of the c ty.(Present Part c ple)

b) Past Part c ple "V3 or be ng V3" (pass ve s multaneous)

The boy who was attacked by a dog was taken to hosp tal.
The boy attacked by a dog was taken to hosp tal. (Past Part c ple)

c) Perfect Part c ple "hav ng V3" (act ve-expla n ng sth. happened before the others)

Jenna, who has l ved n Flor da for 20 years, has gone through several hurr canes.
Jenna, hav ng l ved n Flor da for 20 years, has gone through several hurr canes.(Perfect Part c ple)
Hav ng l ved n Flor da for 20 years, Jenna has gone through several hurr canes.(Perfect Part c ple)

d) PerfectThPass vetePart
s webs usesccook
plees
"hav ng been
to ensure V3"the(pass
you get ve-expla
best exper n ng
ence on our sth
webshappened beforeGot
te. Learn more. thet!others)

https://www.grammarbank.com/reduced-relat ve-clauses.html 1/2


11.12.2018 Reduct on of Relat ve Clauses - GrammarBank

Usa n Bolt, who had been d squal f ed from the men’s 100m f nal after a false start, made no such
m stake n the 200m.
Usa n Bolt, hav ng been d squal f ed from the men’s 100m f nal after a false start, made no such
m stake n the 200m.(Perfect pass ve part c ple)
Hav ng been d squal f ed from the men’s 100m f nal after a false start, Usa n Bolt made no such
m stake n the 200m.(Perfect pass ve part c ple)

3. If "To be" verb s used after a relat ve pronoun we can om t "Relat ve Pronoun + To be".

The car wh ch s parked next to m ne s very expens ve.


The car parked next to m ne s very expens ve.

Hamlet, wh ch was wr tten by Shakespeare somet me n the early 1600s, s among the class cs.
Hamlet, wr tten by Shakespeare somet me n the early 1600s, s among the class cs.

4. When the verb “have” mean ng possess on, we can om t relat ve pronoun and “have” and
use w th(+) or w thout(-).

Students who have enough math and Engl sh sk lls w ll be adm tted.
Students w th enough math and Engl sh sk lls w ll be adm tted.

People who don’t have the r ID cards can not get n.


People w thout the r ID cards can not get n.

5. We can use nf n t ve “to” n the cases below.

1. The only...to
2. Superlat ve...to
3. The f rst, last, second, next...to

John s the only person who understands me.


John s the only person to understand me.

Tom s the most handsome boy who came to th s school.


Tom s the most handsome boy to come to th s school.

Jack s the f rst student who has handed n the exam.


Jack s the f rst person to have handed n the exam.

See more on relat ve clauses

Th s webs te uses cook es to ensure you get the best exper ence on our webs te. Learn more. Got t!

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