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HK 3940 Human Physiology Final Exam Fall 2007: Name: Id#

This document contains instructions for a human physiology final exam consisting of multiple choice and short answer questions. The exam is divided into 4 parts covering various physiological themes and systems. Students are asked to identify themes, justify their answers, and provide examples to support their understanding of course material.

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88 views9 pages

HK 3940 Human Physiology Final Exam Fall 2007: Name: Id#

This document contains instructions for a human physiology final exam consisting of multiple choice and short answer questions. The exam is divided into 4 parts covering various physiological themes and systems. Students are asked to identify themes, justify their answers, and provide examples to support their understanding of course material.

Uploaded by

rijz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HK*3940 Human Physiology

Final Exam
Fall 2007

NAME: ID#:

Instructions:

1) Write your name and Student ID# on the top of each page of your exam.

2) PART A: Answer any 2 of questions 1, 2 and 3.

PART B: Answer only 1 of questions 4 and 5.

PART C: Answer only 1 of questions 6 and 7.

PART D: Answer question 8.

3) Each question is worth 10 marks for a total of 50 marks

4) Read the questions carefully.

5) Good luck!
PART A: Answer any 2 of questions 1, 2 and 3.

1. In the intrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade collagen activates factor XII to
produce Active XII which in turn activates factor XI to increase levels of Active XI which in
turn activates factor IX to increase Active IX which activates factor X to produce Active X
which converts prothrombin to thrombin. Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin and also
acts to activate factor XI.

Identify the physiological theme represented in this example and justify your answer.
Discuss the physiological significance of this theme using 3 examples from different sections
of the course to support your answer.
NAME: ID#:

2. A cooler than normal skin temperature is sensed by temperature sensors in the skin
which will increase their action potential frequency and pattern to the temperature
regulation centre of the hypothalamus. The temperature regulation centre of the
hypothalamus then increases SNS activity out to 1) vasoconstrict smooth muscle of
arterioles to the vasculature of the skin to decrease blood flow to the skin 2) contract
muscles attached to hair on the skin causing the hair to stand erect to trap heat at the
skin and 3) increase heat production by increasing thyroxine secretion. These all act to
increase skin temperature which will be sensed by the temperature receptors which will
decrease their action potential frequency and pattern to the hypothalamus.

Identify the physiological theme represented in this example and justify your answer.
Discuss the physiological significance of this theme using 3 examples from different sections
of the course to support your answer.
3. Body temperature is partly managed by influencing blood flow to the skin. The smooth
muscle cells of arterioles of the vasculature to the skin are affected by hypothalamic
connections via the sympathetic nervous system as well as paracrine agents, such as
histamine, released from neighboring sweat glands. Both can cause vasodilation and an
increase in blood flow to the skin when necessary.

Identify the physiological theme represented in this example and justify your answer.
Discuss the physiological significance of this theme using 3 examples from different sections
of the course to support your answer.
NAME: ID#:

PART B: Answer only 1 of questions 4 and 5.

4. Describe, in detail, the chemical reactions that occur in the blood to exchange oxygen
and carbon dioxide when systemic arterial blood is brought in close proximity to cells
within the tissues. Discuss the environment at the level of the tissue that promotes the
exchange of oxygen.
5. Graph the hysteresis relationship between pleural pressure and alveolar volume.
Describe the role that surface tension and surfactant have on inflating and deflating the
alveoli that creates this relationship. Explain how the relationship between pleural
pressure and alveolar volume would change in the absence of surfactant.
NAME: ID#:

PART C: Answer only 1 of questions 6 and 7.

6. Non-drowsy formulations of common cold medications often contain pseudoephedrine.


Pseudoephedrine is a systemic vasoconstrictor. Describe the effects this would have on
blood gases and acid/base status. Explain, in detail, how your body would compensate
for these changes in blood gases following ingestion of pseudoephedrine (include specific
detail on the sensors, coordinating centre and effectors involved where possible).
7. Many remedies taken orally for indigestion contain sodium bicarbonate. Discuss how the
ingestion of one of these products would affect your acid/base status. Explain, in detail,
how your body would compensate for these changes in your acid/base status (include
specific detail on the sensors, coordinating centre and effectors involved where possible).
NAME: ID#:

PART D: Answer question 8.

8. At a local nightclub, a healthy 21 year old female began suffering immediately after
unknowingly ingesting gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB), commonly known as liquid
ecstacy. Her resting heart rate was 40 beats per minute and stroke volume was 50 ml
per beat. Describe any effects this would have within the cardiovascular system.
Discuss and justify the physiological adjustments that would occur to try to compensate
during the 10 minute ambulance ride to the hospital.

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