a moder history of the mid-20th century development of chess PRED with the participation of Dmitry Plisetsky = Korchnoi Karpov Gloucester Publishers plc www everymanchess com Ei easFirst published in 2006 by Gloucester Publishers ple (formerly Everyman Publishers ple), Northburgh House, 10 Nosthburgh Street, London ECIV OAT. Copyright © 2006 Garry Kasparov English translation © 2006 Ken Neat First published 2006 by Gloucester Publishers ple ‘The right of Garry Kasparov to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in ac- cordance with the Copyrights, Designs and Patents Act 1988, All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data ‘A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 1 85744 404 3 ISBN 13: 978 1 85744 4049 Distributed in North America by The Globe Pequot Press, P.O Box 480, 246 Goose Lane, Guilford, CT 06437-0480. All other sales enquiries should be directed to Everyman Chess, Northburgh House, 10 Northburgh Street, London ECIV OAT tel: 020 7539 7600 fax: 020 7379 4060 email: info@everymanchess.com website: www.everymanchess.com Everyman is the registered trade mark of Random House Inc. and is used in this work under license from Random House Inc. ‘EVERYMAN CHESS SERIES (formetly Cadogan Chess) Chief advisor: Byron Jacobs Commissioning editor: John Emms ‘Translation by Ken Neat. ‘Typesetting and editing by First Rank Publishing, Brighton. Cover design by Horacio Monteverde. Production by Navigator Guides. Printed and bound in Finland by WS Bookwell.CONTENTS Introduction: Life after Fischer Viktor the Terrible Marathon Runner Child of the Blockade First Gold Drama on Curagao Opening for all Times Scheveningen Experiences Before and after the Escape Rout in Evian Belgrade Revenge Baguio through the Byes of Korchnoi Last Battle for the Throne Farewell to the Dream Against the King’s Indian Strict Examiner At the Tum of the Century 26 39 8 60 3 88 99 110 47 163 175 184 195Anatoly the Twelfth God.Given Talent “A serious Boy!” “This is not my Cycle? Duel of the Debutants Leap into the Unknown Coronation Active Champion Baguio through the Byes of Karpov Celestial Play “There are no easy Matches? Who's next? Super-Final Chasing two Birds Gente Crisis Against the Queen’s Indian Suffocation of the Griinfeld “Tournament of his Life’ King of FIDE graphy Index of Players Index of Openings 207 207 208 224 231 8 281 298 315 343 366 383 400 M2 422 at 438 447 459 475 477 479INTRODUCTION Life after Fischer This volume is devoted to the twelfth world champion Anatoly Karpov and his historic oppo- nent Viktor Korchnoi, and to their staggeringly dramatic struggle for the chess throne, which filled the unusual vacuum that had arisen after Fischer's untimely departure. Another important topic — the openings revolution of the 1970s-1980s — proved to be so extensive and interesting, that a separate, 6th volume, has had to be devoted to it. In the previous volume I put forward the provocative suggestion that, in a match with Fischer, Karpov would have had real winning chances, and that the American champion de- lined to defend his title as he was afraid of losing to an unfamiliar opponent — the leader of a new generation, a forceful professional, who had fully assimilated the lessons of his great prede- cessor. Now I will try to justify this suggestion, by imagining a possible scenario of the match and carefully studying those unique qualities of Karpov, which enabled him for almost a quarter of a century to be at the summit of chess or literally only a step away. This chapter turned out to be one of the longest in the entire series, which is not surprising: Karpov’s influence on the de- velopment of chess has been truly epochal — it was felt right to the end of the 20th century. But an enormous contribution has also been made by Korchnoi, a legendary player, who has been able to accomplish the seemingly impossible — conquer time. Contrary to all the impres- sions about age limits, this great match and tournament fighter reached his creative peak at the age of 47, surpassing the former champions Petrosian and Spassky. In the history of chess he is the only challenger to have played de facto three matches for the world crown, in one of which, Baguio (1978), he all but became world champion. And this when he was 20 years older than his ‘opponent! ‘After all, it appeared that the young Karpov, supported by the entire might of the Soviet ma- chine, simply had no equals: the older generation of top-class grandmasters had already left the stage, the middle generation had been ‘knocked out’ by the Second World War (and Fischer had ‘knocked out’ himself), and in the younger generation, for all its brilliance and professionalism, there was no star of champion-like magnitude, The only real intrigue in the mid-1970s appeared to be the Fischer-Karpov match, which would undoubtedly have given the development of chess a colossal impulse. When it collapsed, there was a temporary period of quiet and disap- 6Garry Kasparov on My Great Predecessors pointment. But nature cannot endure empty spaces, and soon a vigorous attempt on the chess summit was made by Korchnoi, for which he was forced to leave the USSR, where he had been persecuted, and enlist the moral support of the West. His battles with Karpov, especially the match in Baguio, had a very great influence on all as- pects of the game ~ the purely chess aspect, off the board, and psychological. As it later tran- spized, this was the prelude to Karpov’s clashes with the leader of the next generation — the au- thor of these lines (the topic of Volume 7). But Korchnoi, after handing the ‘Olympic baton’ to me in our 1983 match, has continued to play successfully in tournaments and as a result has shown himself to be an exceptional example of competitive longevity. In this respect only Lasker and Smyslov can compare with him, but Korchnoi’s victories have been achieved in the ultra- intensive chess of the present day! All these matches for the world championship demanded serious research work. Here not only were the fruits of the post-Fischer opening revolution reaped, but also the rapid advance- ment of chess thinking was continued, towards the present-day computer era... When analysing anew the games of Karpov and Korchnoi, and remembering the games al- ready examined of other champions and challengers, I began thinking about the role of intuition in the accomplishments of outstanding players. This question intrigued me: is this not the root of differences in playing styles? It turns out that the great masters can be arbitrarily divided into three groups. 1. Players with relatively poor intuition (of course, only by the standards of champions): Steinitz, Botvinnik, Euwe, Fischer... But they had qualities which compensated for their some- what straightforward play: erudition, logic, orderliness, iron will and an extraordinary capacity for work, 2, Players with strong, at times phenomenal strategic intuition: Capablanca, Smyslov, Petro- sian, Spassky, Karpov... Of the challengers, perhaps only Rubinstein can be added to this group. All of them would find the best places for their pieces with staggering ease and accuracy. 3. Players with a strong specific intuition, operating in sharp situations where the material and positional equilibrium was disturbed: Lasker, Alekhine, Tal, Kasparov... And also Chigorin, Bronstein, Stein and Korchnoi, who in the early 1960s was called ‘Tal in reverse’. Some may find this division questionable, but itis the fruit of a thorough study and compari- son of the games of the champions. Incidentally, when analysing the old games with a computer, I discovered that many intuitive decisions by the classics were correct and that far more mistakes were made in later analysis. This would seem to be a paradox: after all, when analysing there is no hurry and one can move the pieces. But the point is that at this moment the intuition which operates intensively during a game, in conditions of extreme tension and limited time, is switched off. Intuition truly is the tsarina of the chessboard! I should like to express my thanks to USSR Honoured Trainers Alexander Nikitin, Igor Zaitsev and Mark. Dvoretsky, grandmasters Yuri Raggeaeo, Yuri Dokboian and Vladimir Belov, and master Alexander Shakar, for assistance in the preparation ofthis volume for publication.CHAPTER ONE Viktor the Terrible Marathon Runner It is difficult to talk about a contemporary of mine, who has lived such a great, interesting and intensive life in chess. Just think — the first major successes of Viktor Lvovich Korchnoi (born 23 March 1931) were achieved more than half a century ago! Many of those born in the 1930s and 1940s have now given up play- ing, but even at the start of the 2ist century Korchnoi continues to compete in toutna- ments, and the young can merely envy his energy, thirst for battle, and ability to give his all when playing. This chapter is fully comparable in size with some of the chapters devoted to world champions. Here it is a question not only of the unique length of Korchnoi’s chess career, but also of his rare inventiveness, and his tireless attempts to find something new in seemingly exhaustively studied positions. All his life he has been at the leading edge of chess thinking and he has made a valuable contribution to the development of the game. ‘Tt was this fact that induced me to devote a latge section to the otiginal play of Viktor Lvovich, and to focus attention on his most important and vivid features. Korchnoi’s heritage is many-faceted — over the decades he has several times corrected and changed his style. But the main thing has in variably remained his search for chess truth. Korchnoi has always been merciless both to himself, and to his opponents. Of course, this feature of his character has not added to his number of friends. But otherwise it is proba- bly impossible to seek the ctemally elusive chess truth. One has to be prepared for every move being called into question, every deci- sion being fiercely criticised. One must look tmuth in the eye and not be afraid to come to any conclusions, even the most unprejudiced, if they reflect the real picture. ‘Already in his youth Korchnoi had showed himself to be an unusual player. Most prefer to attack, and few like playing defensively, so to speak from the base line, patiently prepar- ing to launch a counterattack. But that is the way Korchnoi played: provoking the enemy fire, accepting sacrifices and then masterfully exploiting the weaknesses arising in the enemy position. Back in the 1950s this extremely risky style gave him the widely held reputation of being a difficult, awkward opponent for any grandmaster, right up to the world champion. ‘An amazing paradox: when, after passing hundreds of Korchnoi’s games through a 7Garry Kasparov on My Great Predecessors rigorous filter, I selected about forty of the most representative, it unexpectedly transpired that in the first twenty of them, covering the years 1954-1977, he had the black pieces! But if you think about it, this is fully in accordance with the character of his play. Such seemingly accidental coincidences merely confirm the overall trend. Child of the Blockade Korchnoi’s childhood was difficult and full of deprivation, like that of many children of the war years. Half a century later he was to write: “Apparently I did not receive a proper Soviet upbringing in my family. It is most probable that my father paid the full price for this care- Jessness — along with several hundred other poorly-atmed volunteers, he died on Lake Ladoga in November 1941. This also applied to the remaining members of my father’s fam- ily, where I was brought up — they all died from hunger during the siege of Leningrad. But I remained, I survived.” Viktor was able to study chess seriously only at the age of 13, when in the autumn of 1944 he joined the chess club at the Leningrad Pioneers Palace. At the time he also signed up for two more clubs — recitation and music, although it quickly transpired that he had nei- ther correct pronunciation, nor a piano that ‘was essential for practising. But he already played chess quite well — a year earlier, soon after the partial breaking of the blockade, he had taken part in a junior tournament(), ap- parently after reading an announcement on the bomb-damaged wall of the Anichkov Pal- ace: Enrolment of schoolchildren to the Len- ingrad open championship takes place on Monday. Director of the chess club, A.Model? “At Fontanka we could hear the thunder of auillery shelling, when Viktor and I sat down to play our first chess game, recalls his contempo- rary, the journalist Oleg Skuratov. ‘My oppo- nent was a thin, dark-haired boy wearing a neat quilted jacket. We were playing in the basement of the palace, and the cold was terrible, but the “hall” of the deserted bomb shelter seemed simply divine to us. I remember being im- ptessed by the way my opponent accurately recorded the moves of our game in a school notebook, and the chess notation signs in- trigued me. As a result of this (as it genuinely appeared to mel) I lost a mysterious pawn end- ‘game. With a face as long as a fiddle I went up to Model: “I lost!” “Against whom?” I again glanced at the notebook and read the name of my opponent: “Someone by the name of Korchnoit” I said in vexation. The boy in the quilted jacket glanced angrily in my direction... for a long time he did not forgive me for these inadvertent little words “Someone by the name of”. Ar the age of 12 Viktor already had a heightened sense of dignity.” His first books were Lasker’s manual and Tartakower's work Osvoboghdenme Shakbmaty ‘berated Chess), and his first teachers were the masters Andrey Batuev and Abram Model. ‘Then Korchnoi studied in the group of the subsequently well-known trainer Vladimir Zak (in 1946 the nine-year-old Boris Spassky came to him, and immediately became one of his favourite pupils) and within two years he was already participating in the USSR Junior Championship. After five rounds he was among the leaders, but then, after losing a game, he somehow went to pieces and in the end only shared 11th-12th places, while first place was taken by his future implacable op- ponent Petrosian... But in the next two national junior champi- conships (1947 and 1948) Korchnoi was the winner, although in the second of these he had a difficult time. ‘After losing in the first round, he so lost heart that he wrote a gloomy letter to his trainer Zak, in which he admitted that he did not believe in himself, testifies the writer Viktor Vasiliev. ‘Only a reply by tele- gram from his mentor, angry and at the same time encouraging, forced him to take himself in hand” Many games from that period have been lost, but one episode that has been presetved ais the amusing finish to a miniature, played between the 17-year-old Korchnoi and the 11- year-old Spassky (Leningrad 1948). 11...Wig4? (instead of the normal 11...£¢7) 12 dB1, and Black resigned, after noticing to his horror that after 12..Wxf3 13 DxfG+ ‘eT 14 Dd5+ and gxf3 he loses a piece. The hopeless resistance could have been pro- longed after 12...8d8 13 Wxg4 @xe4 14 h3 @DhG 15 fee5 dxe5 16 MQg5+ Gd7 17 Bf ‘Hg8, but the distressed Boris no longer had the moral strength... David Bronstein remembers a difficult si- multaneous display with clocks that he gave against ten candidate masters in the autumn of 1948 in a Leningrad chess clubs: ‘Each played for himself, but beside one of the boards, peeping over Cherepkov’s shoul- der, I saw a young and lively face with bril- liant, clever eyes. The display lasted a long time — at least five hours. And at the very end, beside one board with a very interesting and complicated position, there were just three of us left. My main opponent was sitting calmly, but his voluntary consultant was fidgeting and literally piercing me with his glance. Some 15 minutes later Cherepkov offered me a draw and with a happy sigh of relief I agreed. And here Vitya Korchnoi (he was the consultant) leapt up from his chair, leaned actoss the chessboard and hurriedly, as if fearing that T might evaporate into thin air and disappear, with his inimitable pert voice that later became Viktor the Terrible famous, exclaimed: “Didn't you win? But you promised! Only 5-5!" But T did not become flustered and I calmly replied: “What do you mean! Who told you this? I was dreaming of 5-5. After all, these are players from a city with ancient traditions and a great chess culture.” And Korchnoi calmed down.” ‘This was the first meeting of two remarkable players, who since then have related to each other with invariable sympathy and respect. After finishing school, having already de- cided to devote his life to chess, Korchnoi nevertheless entered the History Faculty of Leningrad University. ‘Student poverty was proverbial he wrote later. ‘I myself remem- ber: in my pocket I had money either for a tram ticket, or for the cheapest cigarettes. And very rarely for a miserable student dinner’ Viktor was very fond of history, but he was even more fond of chess and... card games like, however, Lasker before him and Karpov after him). In the words of an eye-witness, ‘in the flat where many young chess players gath- ered, he could play chess or poker from morn- ing till evening; he would take a “time-out” when he had to go to the next round of the Leningrad Championship, and closer to mid- night he would again return and could play several hands of preference.’ ‘Thanks to his rate independence and objec- tivity of thinking, Korchnoi enjoyed an indis- putable authority among Leningrad’s chess players: when, in the course of a tournament, some conflict arose, the participants would often tum not to the arbiters, but to Viktor, and his verdict would put an end to the matter. However, this independence also had its ad- verse side. TI took every bartier head-on, and I had tidiculous confidence in myself? Korchnoi admitted years later. He did not have any quali- fied help, but when towards the end of the 19405 grandmaster Tolush offered such help, ‘to make a master out of him’, he proudly re- plied: I myself will become a master!” Which he soon did — after the Chigorin Memorial tour- nament (Leningrad 1951), But later, after seeingGarry Kasparov on My Great Predecessors how Tolush had been able to transform Spassky, he greatly regretted his refusal. As a result, although the indications were that Korchnoi was a highly talented and promising player, cach new step forward cost him enormous effort. In his first USSR Championship semi-final (1950) he contrived to start with... 0 out of 7(), but then he never: theless managed to pull himself together at the finish: +4=4. He finished the next semi-final (1951) with a plus score, and in 1952 he finally broke through to the final — where he imme- diately finished in an honourable sixth place, ahead of Bronstein, Smyslov and Keres! This ‘was his first major success. According to Korchnoi himself, he achieved this success not thanks to his under- standing of the game, but thanks to intensive work at the board: I would be outplayed, but I would resist tenaciously, and since grand- masters are ordinary people (they also become tired, make mistakes, and get into time- trouble), I was quite often able to emerge un- scathed. In this tournament I played for the first time against world champion Botvinnik, and although the game ended in a draw, dur- ing analysis I realised how far I was from genuine chess wisdom. I ascertained that I had an insufficiently deep understanding of chess strategy. In addition, I didn’t like and didn’t know how to attack; defence was my natural element. This one-sided strategy was often exploited by my opponents... I realised that I had to diversify my style: to be able to attack and to fight for the initiative’ Koréhnoi also qualified fairly confidently for the final of the next, 21st USSR Champi- onship. In the semi-final (Vilnius 1953) Korchnoi won a remarkable game against Suetin, In a complex, multi-piece ending, he unexpectedly gave up both a pawn and the exchange with his 30th move, sharply activat- ing his forces and achieving a rapid turning point in the play. ‘Before this gume for some reason it had not occurred to me; writes Vik- tor Lvovich, ‘that a sacrifice of material, even when forced, even when the queens are not on the board(), can lead to the seizure of the initiative and the winning of the game... I had to reinterpret many of the impressions of chess that I had had up till then.” ‘The USSR Championship, which took place early in 1954 in Kiev, became a new and vivid landmark in Korchnoi’s biography. After beginning with a defeat against Suetin (in a risky ‘Accelerated Dragon’), he scored three wins and two draws — with Taimanov and Petrosian — and established himself in the leading group. In the seventh round he had Black against the experienced + Semion Furman, Korchnoi’s future second and subse- quently Karpov’s long-standing trainer, who was half a point ahead of him. Furman’s first ‘move was not a secret to anyone ~ 1 d4l? Since, as has already been said, the majority of the best and most characteristic games of the early and even the mature Korchnoi were played with the black pieces, his opening rep- ertoire is of particular interest. After 1 e4 he most often and successfully played the French Defence, but he also left his mark in the Sicil- ian, Alekhine, Pirc-Ufimtsev and Caro-Kann Defences, and in the Open Variation of the Ruy Lopez (as will be described later). After 1 4 for many years he constantly employed the dynamic Griinfeld Defence, and only in his middle age did he turn to more fundamental defences ~ the Nimzo-Indian and the Queen's Indian. ‘At that time the Griinfeld Defence allowed wide scope for creativity ~ White was only just probing for ways to retain hopes of an advan- ‘tage, But the main thing was that Black’s stra- tegic plan in this opening fully corresponded with Korchnoi’s counterattacking style. Allow. ing White to create a strong pawn centre, he then does everything possible to undermine and destroy it, in the hope of exploiting the weaknesses that inevitably arise in the oppo- nent’s position, The following game with Furman, while not without its faults, gives a {g00d illustration of this strategy. 10Game 1, S.Furman-V.Korchnoi 21st USSR Championship, Kiev 1954, 7th round 1 d4 DI6 2 cA g6 3 De3 d5 4 DEB (or first 4 24 297 5 3 and Hel — Volume 3, Game Nos.12 and 29) 4...297 5 214 0-0 6 Bet After the usual 6 3 c5 7 dxcS Wa5 White does not gain any advantage (Rauzer- Alatortsev, 7th USSR Championship, Moscow 1931; Levenfish-Botvinnik, 11th matchgame, ‘Moscow/Leningrad 1937). “The idea of the vatiation with 6 Hcl is to seize the c-file, control of which plays an im- portant role in the subsequent play; in addi- tion, the threat to the c7-pawn induces Black to take on c4, which is also of definite benefit to White.’ Furman). This variation became especially popular at the tum of the 20th-21st centuries. It need hardly be added that today it has been exhaustively studied. 6...dxe4 “This is considered more reliable than 6..5 7 dxc5 @e6, as in Ragozin’s games with Botvinnik (Sth matchgame, Leningrad 1940) and Mikenas (12th USSR Championship, Moscow 1940), ot 7..dxc4 8 Wxd8 Hxd8 9 ¢3 (9 e422 Ba6 10 e5 Bronstein-Filip, Amsterdam. Candidates 1956) 9...2a6 10 c6 bxc6 11 &xe4 Ad5 12 Be5 Db6 13 Re2 £6 14 Lg3 with a complicated ending, slightly better for White (Korchnoi-Stein, 30th USSR Championship, Brevan 1962). 703 Strengthening the d4-point. The game Bo- tisenko-Korchnoi (Leningrad 1953) went 7 ¢4 5 8 dxc5 Wa5 9 Ad2 Le6 10 Lxct Bxct 11 Dxc4 Wxc5 12 We2 Dc6 with equality, but later, against Zagorovsky (Sochi 1958), Korch- noi employed the strong novelty 9 e5! After this 7...£g4! came to the forefront (Pachman- Gligoric, Havana 1962). This continuation was Viktor the Terrible actively tested at the end of the 20th century, and in the main line 8 Rxc4 Lxf3 9 gxf3 DhS 10 Be3 €5 11 dxe5 QxeS 12 Wxd8 Huds Black has a quite acceptable ending. i NS t Y “i, wr Tat A novelty, although, it is also possible to play 7..c5 8 Sxc4 cxd4 9 @xd4 Abd7 10 ig3 Db6 (but not 10...05? 11 AdbS De8 12 Det WaS+ 13 Wa2 Wad2+ 14 And? a6 15 @c3 Do 16 Dd5! Furman-Livshin, 3rd round) 11 &b3 Sp4 12 3 Ld7 13 0-0 DhS (Borisenko-Byvshev, Leningrad 1954) or even 7..Dbd7!? 8 S.xc4 c5 (Karpov-Kasparov, 3rd matchgame, New York rapidplay 2002), in both cases with equality. 8 Dg5 Ld5 For many years this move was made auto- matically, until in the game Dreev-Sutovsky (Essen 2000) 8...82¢41? 9 £3 &c8 occurred, Later I successfully played this against Karpov (Ist matchgame, New York rapidplay 2002) 9 Oxd5 A seemingly natural exchange. In reply to 9 4 Black had prepared 9...n6! 10 exd5 hxg5 11 Bxg5 Dxd5 12 Sxc4 Abb 13 &b3 Deb, for example: 14 d5 @d4 15 0-0 Ke8 with equality (Toran-Korchnoi, Palma de Mallorca 1968), or 14 De2!? (an attempt to exploit the power of the two bishops) 14..5, and present day practice has shown that Black has sufficient counterplay. 9...2xd5 10 £937! Retaining the bishop in the hope of quickly 1Garry Kasparov on My Great Predecessors completing his development and seizing the initiative. However, this does not succeed and the move in the game proves to be a loss of an important tempo. Since the mid-1980s the immediate 10 xe4 has been played, with the gambit idea 10..2xf4 11 WH! 10...c! ‘A typically ‘Griinfeld” undermining move, emphasising White’s backward development. “Of course, I didn’t even think of keeping the pawn by 10..b5? in view of 11 b3? (Korchnoi) 11 &xc4 cxd4 12 Wb3 If 12 0-0, then 12...e6, attacking the knight at g5 and remaining a pawn up. Appatently Furman was pinning all his hopes on the queen move, which creates threats against the knight at dS, the f7-point and the b7-pawn. ‘Wed5! (this is simpler than 14..exd5 15 Wxb7 Dab 16 Bd6 dxe3 17 fxe3 d4! 18 DB Wea 19 Dxdd! Hfe8 20 Hhdi Bads 21 Whsir) 15 ‘Wad5 exd5 16 Hc7 b6 with a favourable end- ing for Black. However, the move in the game is sharper and more interesting. Bither way, it becomes obvious that the well-known theoretician and ‘White exper’ Furman has already lost the opening duel. By the 12th@) move White has ended up in an unpleasant position and he is obliged to seek a way of maintaining the balance. It seems to ‘me that this demonstrates the level of theo- retical development at that time. 13 £xd5 06 (2 double attack, the bishop being unable to move on account of 14.. Wd2+) 14 Dxe6 Wa5+ 12...dx031? “The game enters a phase of wild complica- tions, After thinking for mote than an hour, I rejected 12...e6 in view of 13 Wxb7 Dd7 (13..)b6 14 @xf7) 14 Bxd5.” (Korchnoi). Although, in my view, after 14..Wkxg5 it is only White who may have problems in this position. ‘There was another reasonable alternative in 12...{a5+ 13 &e2, and now not 13...b67! (with the idea of 14 @xf7 @xc4 A.Geller) on account of 14 &xf7+ @h8 15 h4 Deb 16 h5I? ‘Wixg5 17 hxg6 h5(6) 18 SLf4 with a dangerous attack, but 13..d3+ 14 Bxd3 (14 dxd3 Da6 15 Rxd5 Had8! 16 ded €6 etc) 14.6 15 De4 Ddb4 with equality, or 13...c6 14 Lxd5 15 He3 After 15 Bf fxe6 16 Bxe6+ (16 RF3 Dc6) 16.828 17 Wxe3 Dc6 (Korchnoi) Black has a setious initiative for the pawn: it is hard for White to bring his rook at hi into play and to safeguard his king, 15...fxe6 16 Rxe6+7! ‘White continues to play for an attack and ends up in an inferior position. Instead of this he could have gone into a roughly equal end- ing: 16 Bxb7 Sxc3+ 17 Wxc3 Who 18 Wh3 exf2t 19 Be2 Dd7 20 Wxb6 axb6 21 Bxa8 Exa8’ (Korchnoi), Or ventured the sharp 17 xc} exf2+ 18 He2 (18 Rxf2? WeS+ 19 SFL We) 18... WES 19 Bel Da6 etc. 16...2h8 12