DOCUMENT NO

PROJECT:
DESIGNED CHECK
TITLE:

Calculations are based on BS EN 12845:2004 +A2:2009 Fixed fire fighting systems -

Automatic sprinkler systems - Design, installation and maintenance.

For sample calculation, sixth floor has been taken into consideration

Area of operation - 72 Sq.mtr ……………………………………………………………………………….

Pipe friction loss is derived from Hazen-Williams formula:

……………………………………………………………………………….

where:
p is the pressure loss in the pipe, (Bar)
Q is the flow through the pipe, (LPM)
d is the mean internal diameter of the pipe, (mm)
C is a constant for the type and condition of the pipe
L is the equivalent length of pipe and fittings, in metres

C value for GI above ground piping = 120 ……………………………………………………………………………….

 DOCUMENT NO
PROJECT:
DESIGNED CHECK
TITLE:
C value for ductile iron under ground piping = 110
DOCUMENT NO DATE

CHECKED REV.

Table 3 (Page No. 35)

BS EN 12845:2004 + A2:2009

Clause 13.2.1 (Page No. 90)

BS EN 12845:2004 + A2:2009

Table 22 (Page No. 91)

DOCUMENT NO DATE

CHECKED REV.

BS EN 12845:2004 + A2:2009
 DOCUMENT NO
PROJECT:
DESIGNED CHECK
TITLE:

Assumptions

The area of operation of 72 m2 is marked in red as shown in the figure 1

One layer of sprinkler is considered into operation for hydraulic calculation.

One node is assigned at each branch point, sprinkler discharge point and change of diameter in pipe as shown in the figure.

Remote nozzle type calculation is considered

Repetitive iteration is performed to arrive at the exact value of pressure and flow at each node

Sprinkler k factor = 115 LPM bar1/2 ( As per clause 5.5.7,

Calculation

A. The pressure at node 1 is assumed as 0.5 bar

P1 = 0.5 bar
Q1 = k * √P1 ……….….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Q1 = 115 * √0.5 = 81.3 LPM

B. Only the discharge through sprinkler at node 1 flows through the pipe 1-2, hence Q 1-2 is 81.3 LPM
Friction loss between 1-2 is calculated by hazen williams formula and is arrived as
f 1-2 = 0.09 bar
 DOCUMENT NO
PROJECT:
DESIGNED CHECK
TITLE:

C. Pressure at node 2 is given by

P2 = P1 + f 1-2 + 0.1*h where h is the elevation change between node 1-2 ………………………………
 DOCUMENT NO DATE

CHECKED REV.

( As per clause 5.5.7, Volume 4, section 5)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. (1)
DOCUMENT NO DATE

CHECKED REV.

……………………………………………… (2)
 LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED
EDRC - B&F IC

DOCUMENT NO
PROJECT:
DESIGNED CHECKED
TITLE:

D. To calculate pressure at P3 repetitive iteration is performed as per below algorithm

STEP 1 : Assume P3 = 0.5 bar
STEP 2 : Calculate Q3
STEP 3 : Calculate f 3-2
STEP 4 : Calculate P2'
STEP 5 : Compare P2' with P2 from STEP 3
STEP 6 : Iterate if both values are not equal

E. Now the flow through pipe 3-4 is summation of the discharge through sprinklers at node 1 and 3
Q 3-4 = Q1 + Q3 ……………...…………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
f 3-4 is calculated by hazen williams formula
P4 = P3 + f 3-4 ……………...…………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

F. P5 and P6 is calculated by the repetitive iteration algorithm as stated in step 4

G. Repeat STEP E,F to calculate pressure and flow at all other nodes

H. The pressure and flow required at pump as listed

Pressure required at pump = 4.73 bar
Flow required at pump = 639.9 LPM

I. The pump provided of sprinkler system

Flow rate Head
Electical 2850 LPM 7 bar
 LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED
EDRC - B&F IC

DOCUMENT NO
PROJECT:
DESIGNED CHECKED
TITLE:
Diesel 2280 LPM 7 bar

Conclusion:
We find that the pump provided satisfies the hydraulic requirement of the sprinler system.

Similar procedure is followed to calculate the pressure and flow requirement in all other floors
 DATE
22.02.2012
REV.

(3)

(4)
 DATE
22.02.2012
REV.
 SIXTH FLOOR

Node Pipe Details 90° Std. elbow Tee (or) Cross BFV Gate Valve Alarm valve Manual calculation

Pressure Discharge Flow Friction loss Pressure at next node

From To Diameter Length Material Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Elevation
(Bar) (LPM) (LPM) (Bar) (Bar)

1 2 25 1.676 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.09 0.59

3 2 25 0.923 GI 1 0.36 0.53 83.81 83.81 0.06 0.59

2 4 40 3 GI 1 2.4 0.59 165.13 0.09 0.69

5 4 25 1.676 GI 1 0.36 0.58 87.54 87.54 0.11 0.69

6 4 25 0.923 GI 1 0.36 0.62 90.19 90.19 0.07 0.69

4 7 50 2.525 GI 1 2.9 0.69 342.86 0.12 0.81

8 7 25 0.7 GI 1 0.36 0.74 98.82 98.82 0.07 0.81

7 9 65 1.8 GI 1 3.8 0.81 441.68 0.06 0.86

11 10 25 3.35 GI 1 0.36 0.63 91.55 91.55 0.21 0.85

10 9 32 0.6 GI 1 0.49 0.85 91.55 0.02 0.86

9 12 80 1.525 GI 1 4.8 0.86 533.23 0.03 0.90

12 13 80 1.275 GI 1 4.8 0.90 108.90 642.13 0.04 0.94

15 14 25 3 GI 1 0.36 0.64 91.91 91.91 0.19 0.83

14 13 40 2.175 GI 1 2.4 0.83 104.88 196.79 0.11 0.94

13 16 80 3.757 GI 1 4.8 0.94 838.92 0.10 1.04

16 17 100 15.76 GI 1.04 838.92 0.06 1.11

17 18 150 12 GI 2 4 1 6.4 0.5 1.11 838.92 0.01 1.17

18 G 150 28 GI 1 7.2 26.00 1.17 838.92 0.03 3.80

G AV 150 22.00 GI 5 10 0 0 1 1.1 1 7.2 0 3.80 838.92 0.02 3.83

AV RING 150 210.00 DI 7 14 0 0 1 1.1 0 3.20 3.83 838.92 0.15 4.30

RING PUMP 150 12.00 GI 1 2 2 17.2 0 1 1.1 0 6.00 4.30 838.92 0.02 4.92

Particulars Required Available

Pressure at pump (Bar) 4.92 7

Flow at pump (LPM) 838.9 2850/2280

Hence the Pump provided will satisfy the sprinkler requirements for Sixth Floor
 FIFTH FLOOR

Node Pipe Details 90° Std. elbow Tee (or) Cross BFV Gate Valve Alarm valve Manual calculation

Pressure Discharge Flow Friction loss Pressure at next node

From To Diameter Length Material Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Elevation
(Bar) (LPM) (LPM) (Bar) (Bar)

1 2 25 3.6000 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.18148 0.68

2 3 25 2.5750 GI 1 1.5 0.68 94.93 176.25 0.78123 1.46

4 3 25 0.4350 GI 1 0.36 1.37 134.61 134.61 0.09257 1.46

3 5 40 2.4400 GI 1 2.4 1.46 310.86 0.26874 1.73

6 7 25 3.3250 GI 1 0.36 1.16 124.00 124.00 0.36861 1.53

7 5 40 2.4000 GI 1 2.4 1.53 142.31 266.31 0.20019 1.73

8 9 25 2.6700 GI 1 0.36 1.35 133.59 133.59 0.34790 1.70

9 5 32 0.9860 GI 1.70 133.59 0.03402 1.73

5 10 65 0.7250 GI 1 3.8 1.73 710.76 0.10907 1.84

10 11 65 1.3280 GI 1 3.8 1.84 156.02 866.78 0.17843 2.02

11 12 80 0.7460 GI 2.02 866.78 0.00944 2.03

13 14 25 3.0000 GI 1 0.36 1.41 136.77 136.77 0.40290 1.82

14 12 40 1.8750 GI 1 2.4 1.82 155.03 291.79 0.21114 2.03

12 15 80 1.2310 GI 1 4.8 2.03 1158.57 0.13058 2.16

15 16 80 3.6000 GI 1 4.8 2.16 168.97 1327.55 0.23396 2.39

16 17 100 14.0250 GI 2.39 1327.55 0.13177 2.52

17 18 150 12.0000 GI 3 6 1 8.6 1 6.4 0.5 2.52 1327.55 0.04369 2.62

18 G 150 24.0000 GI 1 7.2 22.00 2.62 1327.55 0.06938 4.89

G AV 150 22.00 GI 5 10 0 0 1 1.1 1 7.2 0 4.89 1327.55 0.05256 4.94

AV RING 150 210.00 DI 7 14 0 0 1 1.1 0 3.20 4.94 1327.55 0.34975 5.61

RING PUMP 150 12.00 GI 1 2 2 17.2 0 1 1.1 0 6.00 5.61 1327.55 0.04995 6.26

Particulars Required Available

Pressure at pump (Bar) 6.26 7

Flow at pump (LPM) 1328 2850/2280

Hence the Pump provided will satisfy the sprinkler requirements for Fifth Floor
 FOURTH FLOOR

Node Pipe Details 90° Std. elbow Tee (or) Cross BFV Gate Valve Alarm valve Manual calculation

From To Diameter Length Material Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Elevation Pressure Discharge Flow Friction loss Pressure at next node
(Bar) (LPM) (LPM) (Bar) (Bar)

1 2 25 2.7500 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.14253 0.64

2 3 40 1.0210 GI 1 2.4 0.64 92.18 173.50 0.06458 0.71

4 3 25 1.6530 GI 1 0.36 0.60 88.95 88.95 0.10890 0.71

3 5 50 3.0000 GI 1 2.9 0.71 262.44 0.08079 0.79

6 7 25 2.7500 GI 1 0.36 0.56 85.86 85.86 0.15761 0.72

7 5 40 1.0210 GI 1 2.4 0.72 97.24 183.11 0.07135 0.79

8 5 25 1.6530 GI 1 0.36 0.67 93.86 93.86 0.12028 0.79

5 9 65 2.3500 GI 1 3.8 0.79 539.41 0.08898 0.88

10 9 25 1.7260 GI 2 0.72 0.72 97.48 97.48 0.15676 0.88

9 11 80 2.8200 GI 1 1.1 1 4.8 0.88 636.89 0.06241 0.94

11 12 80 3.6000 GI 1 4.8 0.94 111.36 748.24 0.08100 1.02

12 13 80 4.6000 GI 1 4.8 1.02 116.07 864.31 0.11836 1.14

13 14 100 22.3400 GI 2 2.8 1.14 864.31 0.10678 1.24

14 15 150 3.0000 GI 1 2 1 8.6 1 6.4 0.5 1.24 864.31 0.01209 1.31

15 G 150 20.0000 GI 1 7.2 18.00 1.31 864.31 0.02665 3.13

G AV 150 22.00 GI 5 10 0 0 1 1.1 1 7.2 0 3.13 864.31 0.02376 3.16

AV RING 150 210.00 DI 7 14 0 0 1 1.1 0 3.20 3.16 864.31 0.15811 3.63

RING PUMP 150 12.00 GI 1 2 2 17.2 0 1 1.1 0 6.00 3.63 864.31 0.02258 4.26

Particulars Required Available

Pressure at pump (Bar) 4.26 7

Flow at pump (LPM) 864 2850/2280

Hence the Pump provided will satisfy the sprinkler requirements for Fourth Floor
 THIRD FLOOR

Node Pipe Details 90° Std. elbow Tee (or) Cross BFV Gate Valve Alarm valve Manual calculation

From To Diameter Length Material Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Elevation Pressure Discharge Flow Friction loss Pressure at next node
(Bar) (LPM) (LPM) (Bar) (Bar)

1 2 25 3.0000 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.15399 0.65

2 3 32 1.4540 GI 1 2.1 0.65 93.00 174.32 0.20063 0.85

4 4a 25 1.2420 GI 2 0.72 0.65 92.61 92.61 0.11438 0.76

4a 4b 32 2.0400 GI 0.76 92.61 0.03574 0.80

4b 5 40 0.3830 GI 0.80 92.61 0.00226 0.80

5 5a 40 0.6550 GI 2 1.12 0.80 102.92 195.54 0.04180 0.84

5a 3 50 1.4900 GI 0.84 195.54 0.01184 0.85

3 6 50 3.0000 GI 1 2.9 0.85 369.85 0.15240 1.01

7 8 25 3.0000 GI 1 0.36 0.59 88.28 88.28 0.17926 0.77

8 6 32 1.4540 GI 1 2.1 0.77 100.82 189.09 0.23322 1.00

9 9a 25 1.2420 GI 2 0.72 0.76 100.42 100.42 0.13285 0.90

9a 9b 32 2.0400 GI 0.90 100.42 0.04151 0.94

9b 10 40 0.3830 GI 0.94 100.42 0.00263 0.94

10 10a 40 0.6550 GI 2 1.12 0.94 111.47 211.89 0.04850 0.99

10a 6 50 1.4900 GI 0 0.99 211.89 0.01373 1.00

6 11 80 5.0130 GI 1 1.1 1 4.8 1.00 770.83 0.11118 1.11

11 12 100 20.2760 GI 1.11 770.83 0.06968 1.18

12 13 150 7.5000 GI 3 6 1 8.6 0.5 1.18 770.83 0.01078 1.24

13 G 150 16.0000 GI 1 7.2 14.00 1.24 770.83 0.01775 2.66

G AV 150 22.00 GI 5 10 0 0 1 1.1 1 7.2 0 2.66 770.83 0.01923 2.68

AV RING 150 210.00 DI 7 14 0 0 1 1.1 0 3.20 2.68 770.83 0.12794 3.13

RING PUMP 150 12.00 GI 1 2 2 17.2 0 1 1.1 0 6.00 3.13 770.83 0.01827 3.75

Particulars Required Available

Pressure at pump (Bar) 3.75 7

Flow at pump (LPM) 771 2850/2280

Hence the Pump provided will satisfy the sprinkler requirements for Third Floor
 SECOND FLOOR

Node Pipe Details 90° Std. elbow Tee (or) Cross BFV Gate Valve Alarm valve Manual calculation

Pressure Discharge Flow Friction loss Pressure at next node

From To Diameter Length Material Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Elevation
(Bar) (LPM) (LPM) (Bar) (Bar)

1 2 25 3.0000 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.15399 0.65

2 3 40 0.6950 GI 1 2.4 0.65 93.00 174.32 0.05894 0.71

4 5 25 1.3370 GI 1 0.36 0.58 87.20 87.20 0.08851 0.66

5 3 32 0.9670 GI 1 2.1 0.66 87.20 0.04807 0.71

3 6 50 3.0000 GI 1 2.9 0.71 261.52 0.08026 0.79

7 8 25 3.0000 GI 1 0.36 0.56 85.80 85.80 0.17007 0.73

8 6 40 0.6950 GI 1 2.4 0.73 98.04 183.84 0.06503 0.79

9 10 25 1.3370 GI 1 0.36 0.64 91.94 91.94 0.09760 0.74

10 6 32 0.9670 GI 1 2.1 0.74 91.94 0.05301 0.79

6 11 80 2.9000 GI 1 4.8 0.79 537.30 0.04024 0.83

12 13 25 3.0000 GI 1 0.36 0.59 87.97 87.97 0.17810 0.76

13 11 40 0.6950 GI 1 2.4 0.76 100.47 188.44 0.06807 0.83

14 15 25 1.3370 GI 1 0.36 0.67 94.41 94.41 0.10251 0.78

15 11 32 0.9670 GI 1 2.1 0.78 94.41 0.05568 0.83

11 16 80 5.7000 GI 1 1.1 1 4.8 0.83 820.15 0.13255 0.96

16 17 100 15.4000 GI 0.96 820.15 0.05936 1.02

17 18 150 18.0000 GI 3 6 1 8.6 0.5 1.02 820.15 0.01771 1.09

18 G 150 12.0000 GI 1 7.2 10.00 1.09 820.15 0.01562 2.11

G AV 150 22.00 GI 5 10 0 0 1 1.1 1 7.2 0 2.11 820.15 0.02156 2.13

AV RING 150 210.00 DI 7 14 0 0 1 1.1 0 3.20 2.13 820.15 0.14349 2.59

RING PUMP 150 12.00 GI 1 2 2 17.2 0 1 1.1 0 6.00 2.59 820.15 0.02049 3.21

Particulars Required Available

Pressure at pump (Bar) 3.21 7

Flow at pump (LPM) 820 2850/2280

Hence the Pump provided will satisfy the sprinkler requirements for Second Floor
 FIRST FLOOR

Node Pipe Details 90° Std. elbow Tee (or) Cross BFV Gate Valve Alarm valve Manual calculation

From To Diameter Length Material Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Elevation Pressure Discharge Flow Friction loss Pressure at next node
(Bar) (LPM) (LPM) (Bar) (Bar)

1 2 25 3.6000 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.18148 0.68

2 3 25 1.8000 GI 1 1.5 0.68 94.93 176.25 0.63265 1.31

4 5 25 3.6000 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.18148 0.68

5 3 25 1.8000 GI 1 1.5 0.68 94.93 176.25 0.63265 1.31

3 6 40 3.0000 GI 1 2.4 1.31 352.50 0.37834 1.69

7 8 25 3.6000 GI 1 0.36 0.65 92.84 92.84 0.23192 0.88

8 6 25 1.8000 GI 1 1.5 0.88 108.11 200.95 0.80636 1.69

9 10 25 3.6000 GI 1 0.36 0.65 92.84 92.84 0.23192 0.88

10 6 25 1.8000 GI 1 1.5 0.88 108.11 200.95 0.80636 1.69

6 11 50 3.0000 GI 1 2.9 1.69 754.40 0.56978 2.26

11 12 65 3.0000 GI 2.26 754.40 0.08074 2.34

12 13 80 12.8000 GI 2 2.2 2.34 754.40 0.14685 2.49

13 14 150 19.5000 GI 3 6 1 8.6 2.49 754.40 0.01563 2.50

14 G 150 8.0000 GI 1 7.2 6.00 2.50 754.40 0.00972 3.11

G AV 150 22.00 GI 5 10 0 0 1 1.1 1 7.2 0 3.11 754.40 0.01847 3.13

AV RING 150 210.00 DI 7 14 0 0 1 1.1 0 3.20 3.13 754.40 0.12294 3.57

RING PUMP 150 12.00 GI 1 2 2 17.2 0 1 1.1 0 6.00 3.57 754.40 0.01756 4.19

Particulars Required Available

Pressure at pump (Bar) 4.19 7

Flow at pump (LPM) 754 2850/2280

Hence the Pump provided will satisfy the sprinkler requirements for First Floor
 GROUND FLOOR

Node Pipe Details 90° Welded elbow Tee (or) Cross BFV Gate Valve Alarm Valve Manual calculation

Pressure Discharge Flow Friction loss Pressure at next node

From To Diameter Length Material Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Nos. Mtrs. Elevation
(Bar) (LPM) (LPM) (Bar) (Bar)

1 2 25 2.3250 GI 1 0.36 0.50 81.32 81.32 0.12305 0.62

2 3 25 3.6000 GI 1 1.5 0.62 90.77 172.09 0.93546 1.56

4 3 25 2.3250 GI 2 0.72 0 1.19 125.54 125.54 0.31163 1.50

3 5 40 0.3000 GI 1 2.4 1.50 297.63 0.13833 1.64

5 6 40 2.5750 GI 1 2.4 1.64 147.35 444.98 0.53636 2.18

7 6 25 2.1250 GI 1 0.36 1.84 155.80 155.80 0.37919 2.21

6 8 50 2.6000 GI 1 0.69 1 2.9 2.21 171.13 771.91 0.62369 2.84

9 10a 25 3.5750 GI 2 0.72 1.59 144.78 144.78 0.57225 2.16

10a 11 32 1.2000 GI 2.16 144.78 0.04805 2.21

11 12 25 0.8750 GI 1 0.36 2.21 170.78 170.78 0.22334 1.98

12 11 25 0.8750 GI 1 0.36 1.98 161.90 - - -

11 13 50 2.5750 GI 1 2.9 2.21 170.78 648.24 0.39937 2.60

13 14 25 0.8750 GI 1 0.36 2.60 185.60 185.60 0.26051 2.34

14 13 25 0.8750 GI 1 0.36 2.34 176.07 - - -

13 8 50 0.3000 GI 1 2.9 2.60 648.24 0.23342 2.84

8 15 80 11.7000 GI 1 1.1 2.84 648.24 0.09465 2.93

15 16 100 18.8000 GI 3 4.2 1 6.1 1 4.6 0.5 2.93 648.24 0.08531 3.07

16 G 150 4.00 GI 0 1 8.6 0 0 0 2.00 3.07 648.24 0.00506 3.27

G AV 150 22.00 GI 5 10 0 0 1 1.1 1 7.2 0 3.27 648.24 0.01395 3.29

AV RING 150 210.00 DI 7 14 0 0 1 1.1 0 3.20 3.29 648.24 0.09286 3.70

RING PUMP 150 12.00 GI 1 2 2 17.2 0 1 1.1 0 6.00 3.70 648.24 0.01326 4.31

Particulars Required Available

Pressure at pump (Bar) 4.31 7

Flow at pump (LPM) 648 2850/2280

Hence the Pump provided will satisfy the sprinkler requirements for Ground Floor