ish¨u ysñlï weúßKs'

All Rights Reserved 01

wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^W$fm<& úNd.h

fN!;sl úoHdj - I
13 fY%aKsh ld,h meh 02 hs'

² m%Yak ish,a,gu ms<s;=re imhkak'

^01& YsIHfhla fnda,hla m%lafIamkh lr 2s lg miq th ;srig 300 lska wdk;j by<g p,kh jQ w;r
;j;a 1s lg miq yßhgu ;sriaj p,kh úKs' fnda,fha wdrïNl m%fõ.h jkqfha"
^1& 10ms-1 ^2& 10 3ms-1 ^3& 20ms-1 ^4& 20 3 ms-1 ^5& 60ms-1 ^''''''&

^02& P yd Q kï jk jia;= foll pd,l Yla;s iudk jk w;r P ys fõ.h Q ys fõ.h fuka fo.=Khla
úh'
P ys .uH;dj
hk wkqmd;h"
Q ys .uH;dj
^1& 0.5 ^2& 1 ^3& 2 ^4& 4 ^5& 8 ^''''''&

^03& taldldr oKavla F1, F2 yd F3 n, u`.ska iu;=,s;j F3

d1
;nhs' my; i`oyka ljr m%ldYhla i;H o@
A B
^1& F1d1 = F2d2 ^2& F2(d2-d1) = F3d1 d2
^3& F1(d2-d1) = F2d2 F
^4&1 F3(d2-d) = F1d2 F2

^5& F3(d2-d1) = F1(d2+d1) ^''''''&

^04& taldldr fkdjQ yrialvlska hq;a k<hla ;=<ska c,h .,dhhs' tys c,h we;=¿ jk w.%fhys yd
msgjk w.%fhys úIalïNj, wkqmd;h 5 : 2 ls' c,h k<hg we;=¿jk yd msgjk m%fõ.h w;r
wkqmd;h jkqfha" my; i`oyka ljrla o@
^1& 5 : 2 ^2& 25 : 4 ^3& 4 : 25 ^4& 2 : 10 ^5& 2 : 5 ^''''''&

^05& iudk a wrfhka hq;a tfy;a È. l1 yd l2 jQ ng 2 la n`ÿkl m;=,g ;sriaj iïnkaO lr we;af;a tl
<`.ska msysgk mßÈh' fuu ng 2 ;=<ska øjHla .,k uq¿ mßud iS>%;djg iudk mßud iS>%;djhla
we;s iudk a wrfhka hq;= ljr È.ska hq;a ;ks nghlaa uq,a ng fol fjkqjg fhÈh yels o@

^1& l1 + l2 ^2& l1 + l2 ^3& l1 + l2 ^4& l1 + l2 ^5& l1 + l2 ^''''''&

2 l1 + l2 l1 l2
^06& 1270C WIaK;ajfha mj;sk Tlaiscka jdhq wKqj, j¾. uOHkH uQ, fõ.h" khsg%cka jdhq wKqj,
j¾. uOHkh fõ.hg iudk jk WIaK;ajh jkafka" ^khsg%cka yd Tlaiscka ys idfmaCI wKql
ialkaOhka ms<sfj,ska 28 yd 32 fõ'&
^1& 770C ^2& 1270C ^3& 2730C ^4& 3500C ^5& 4570C ^''''''&
 02

^07& ùÿre i`oyd riÈh j, iam¾Y fldaKh 900 g jvd jeäh' óg fya;=j riÈh wKq"
^1& wfkl=;a riÈh wKq j,ska fukau ùÿre j,ska o úl¾IKh jk neúks'
^2& wfkl=;a riÈh wKq j,ska wdl¾IKh jk w;r ùÿre wKq j,ska úl¾IKh jk neúks'
^3& wfkl=;a riÈh wKq j,ska fukau ùÿre wKq j,ska o wdl¾IKh jk neúks'
^4& ùÿre wKq j,ska wdl¾IKh jkjdg jvd jeä n,hlska hq;=j wfkl=;a riÈh wKq j,ska
wdl¾IKh lrk neúks'
^5& wfkl=;a riÈh wKq j,ska wdl¾IKh jkjdg jvd jeä n,hlska ùÿre wKq j,ska
wdl¾IKh jk neúks' ^''''''&

^08& l=vd f.da,Sh jia;=jla Wi is,skavrdldr n`ÿkl mqrjd we;s ÿiai%dù øjhla ;=< ksoyia l< úg tys
;ajrKh ld,h iu`. fjkia jk whqre my; i`oyka ljr m%ia;drhlska ksjerÈj ±lafõ o@

a a a a a

0 t 0 t 0 t 0 t 0 t
^1& ^2& ^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&

^09& tla;rd c, ialkaOhl WIaK;ajh 00C isg 1000C olajd jeä lsÍug ;dmlhlg úkdä 15 la .;
fõ' fuu c,h tu ;;ajfhka u ;sìh § yqud,h njg m;a lsÍug o< jYfhka ;j fldmuK
ld,hla .; fõ o@ c,fha jdIamSlrKfha úYsIaG .=ma; ;dmh 2230KJkg-1 o" c,fha úYsIaG ;dm
Odß;dj 4200Jkg-1 0C-1 o fõ'
^1& úkdä 2 ;;amr 45 ^2& úkdä 15 ^3& úkdä 30
^4& meh 1 ^5& meh 1 úkdä 20 ^''''''&

^10& rEmfha ±lafjk m%;sfrdaOl cd,fha iú lr we;s Odrd

kshdulfha ^R& m%;sfrdaOl w.h Y+kHfha isg tys Wmßu w.h
jk 6 olajd fjkia lrk úg V ys w.h fjkia jkafka" 6
24V
^1& 12V isg 24V olajd ^2& 6V isg 12V olajd
^3& 0 isg 12V olajd ^4& 0 isg 9.6V olajd
12 R V
^5& 0 isg 4.7V olajd ^''''''&

^11& tlu øjHfhka idod we;s tlu uq,a È.ska hq;a A yd B

kï lïì foll n,h - ú;;sh m%ia;dr rEmfha ±lafõ' 80
n,h ^N&

A B
A ys úYalïnh hk wkqmd;h jkqfha" 60
B ys úYalïnh 40
^1& 4 ^2& 2 20
^3& 1 ^4& 1/2 0 1 2 3 4 5ú;;h ^mm&
^5& 1/4 ^''''''&

^12& tlu øjHfhka iEÿkq lïì foll È.j, wkqmd;h 1 : 2 fõ' úIalïnj, wkqmd;h 2 : 1 fõ' tajd
tl tlla iudk n, fhdod wÈkq ,enQ úg tajdfha ú;;sj, wkqmd;h jkafka"
^1& 2 : 1 ^2& 1 : 4 ^3& 4 : 1 ^4& 1 : 8 ^5& 8 : 1 ^''''''&
 03

^13& iaj¾K m;% úoHq;a o¾Ylhl ;eáh iómhg RK wdfrdams; jia;=jla f.keú;a ;eáfha my<
mdIAGh N+.; lr wdfrdams; jia;=j;a" N+.; iïnkaOh;a bj;a lrkq ,efí' ±ka ;eáh iómhg Ok
wdfrdams; jia;=jla f.k wd úg o¾Ylfha m;%"
^1& ;j ÿrg;a wE;a fõ' ^2& u`ola yelsf,a'
^3& fjkila fkdfõ' ^4& uq¿uKskau yelsf,a'
^5& iaÒr ms<s;=rla Èh fkdyel' ^''''''&

^14& rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ ógr fia;=jl ys±ia folg P yd P Q

Q m%;sfrdaOl folla iú l< úg ix;=,k È. 40cm
fõ' 10 w.hla we;s m%;sfrdaOhlska Q m%;sfrdaOhl
Wmm: l< úg ix;=,k È. 50cm fõ' P yd Q 40cm
m%;sfrdaO foflys w.hhka úh yelafla"
^1& 3.33 , 5 ^2& 5 , 3.33 G

^3& 10 , 15 ^4& 5 , 7.5

^5& 20 , 30 ^''''''&

^15& Q yd q ,CISh wdfrdamK fol ms<sfj,ska A yd B ys ;nd we;' q Q q F

u; iaÓ;s úoHq;a n,h F kï A ys úoHq;a fCIa;%fha úYd,;ajh A B
iy ÈYdj jkafka"
^1& F/Q , AB ÈYdjg' ^2& F/Q , BA ÈYdjg' ^3& F/q , AB ÈYdjg'
^4& F/q , BA ÈYdjg' ^5& by; lsisjla fkdfõ' ^''''''&

^16& my; ±lafjk l=ula wi;H fõo@

^1& mßirfha we;s c, jdIam j,ska mßirh hka;ï ix;Dma; jk WIaK;ajh mßirfha ;=Idr
wxlhhs'
^2& ;=Idr wxlh iEu úgu mßir WIaK;ajhg jvd wvq úh hq;=h'
^3& ;=Idrdxlfha § mßirfha idfmaCI wd¾ø;djh 100] ls'
^4& ;=Idrdxlfha ix;Dma; c, jdIam mSvkh ldur WIaK;ajfha ix;Dma; c, jdIam mSvkfha;a"
idfmaCI wd¾ø;djfha;a .=Ks;hg iudk fõ'
^5& ixjD; l=áhla ;=< mj;sk jdIamhl ;=Idrdxlfha § ix;Dma; c, jdIam >k;ajh Bg by<
WIaK;aj,§ mßirfha c, jdIam >k;ajhg iudk fõ' ^''''''&

^17& È. f,day oKavla fofl<jr yer b;sß fldgi wjqrd we;' tys tla fl<jrla 1000C ys mj;ajd
wfkla fl<jr 250C ys we;s mßirhg ksrdjrKh lr we;s úg wkjrl wjia:dfõ tu fl<jfrys
WIaK;ajh 300C nj fmkqKs' mßir WIaK;ajh 50C lska wvq l< úg ksrdjrK fl<jfrys kj
wkjrl wjia:d WIaK;ajh jkqfha"
^1& 23.60C ^2& 240C ^3& 250C ^4& 25.30C ^5& 260C ^''''''&

^18& 200C ys we;s ;=kS jdfka ;yvqjlg iy 100C ys we;s ;=kS ;U ;yvqjlg iudk j¾.M, we;'
jdfkaj, iy ;Uj, f¾Çh m%idrK;d ms<sfj,ska 11 x 10-6K-1 yd 19 x 10-6K-1 fõ kï ;yvq fofla
j¾.M, iudk jk fmdÿ WIaK;ajh jkafka"
^1& -7.50C ^2& -3.750C ^3& 00C ^4& 3.750C ^5& 7.50C ^''''''&
 04

^19& rEmfha ±lafjkafka mßm:hl fldgils' R m%;sfrdaOlfha w.% w;r 3

úNj wka;rh 6V yd tu`.ska ;dmh uqod yeÍfï iS>%;djh" 3
m%;sfrdaOlfha ;dmh uqod yeÍfï iS>%;djh fuka y;frka tla .=Khla
fõ kï" R m%;sfrdaOlfha w.h jkafka"
^1& 6 ^2& 9 ^3& 12
^4& 15 ^5& 18 ^''''''& R

^20& 200Hz ixLHd;hla we;s iriq,la lïmkh jk B jia;=j iu`. kq.eiqï 5 la ;;amrhla ;=< we;s
lrhs' B ys ixLHd;h iaj,amhla jeä l< úg iriq, iu`. idok kq.eiqï ixLHd;h 5 g jvd wvq
fõ' B f.a uq,a lïmk ixLHd;h jkafka"
^1& 205Hz ^2& 210Hz ^3& 195Hz
^4& 200Hz ^5& ñka lsisjla fkdfõ' ^''''''&

^21& fome;a;u újD; nghlska ,nd fok uQ,sl ixLHd;h f0 fõ' tu ngfhka mfyka mx.=jl È.la
lmd.;a úg tys uQ,sl ixLHd;h"
^1& f0 ^2& f0 /5 ^3& 5f0 ^4& 4/5f0 ^5& 5/4f0 ^''''''&

^22& èjks m%Njhla ksid hï ia:dkhl ;Sj%;d uÜgu dB fõ' tjeks m%Nj 100 la ksid tu ia:dkfha
;Sj%;d uÜgu dB j,ska"
^1& 100 ^2& / 100 ^3& 100 +  ^4& 20 +  ^5& 20 ^''''''&

^23& m%siauhl wju wm.uk fldaKh 310 la fõ' m;k fldaKh 500 la o" ks¾.uk fldaKh 440 la o" jk
úg wm.uk fldaKh 350 la fõ' wju wm.uk wjia:dfõ m;k fldaKh"
^1& 440 ^2& 500 ^3& 350 ^4& 450 ^5& 29.50 ^''''''&

^24& rEmfha mßÈ ldp moaO;shl L1 isg 5cm la

F = 5cm F = 5cm F = 10cm
bÈßfhka O ,CIHdldr jia;=j we;' ldp
moaO;sh ;=<ska O foi neÆ úg tys
m%;sìïNh ,efnkafka" 5cm L L2 15cm L3
1

^1& wkka;fha ^2& L3 isg 10cm la jug

^3& L3 isg 20cm la ol=Kska ^4& L3 ldph u;
^5& L3 isg 20cm la jug ^''''''&

^25& jia;=fõ msysgqï 3 l § hï mqoa.,fhl=f.a wlaIs ldpfhka lsrK j¾;kh lrk wjia:d 3 la my;ska
±lafõ'

60cm 25cm
Tyqf.a oDIaÀh ms<sn`oj m%ldYk 3 la my; ±lafõ'
^A& Tyqf.a fodaIh wúÿr oDIaál;ajhhs'
^B& iaÒrju Tyqf.a ÿr ,CIHh 60cm ls'
^C& Tyqf.a wúÿr ,CIHh 60cm fyda 60cm ;a 25cm ;a w;r fyda msysghs'
ñka i;H jkafka"
^1& A yd B muKs' ^2& B yd C muKs' ^3&
ish,a,u'
^4& C muKs' ^5& ish,a,u fkdfõ' ^''''''&
13 fY%aKsh 05 fN!;sl úoHdj - I
^26& mqoa.,hl=g 30cm l ÿrla olajd meyeÈ,sj ±l.; yelsh' fuu ÿr 50cm la lr .ekSu i`oyd Tyq
me,`Èh hq;= ldpj, n,h"
^1& -1.0D ^2& -1.33D ^3& +1.33D ^4& -1.67D ^5& +1.67D ^''''''&

^27& rEmfha ±lafjkafka talddr f,i wdfrdams; >k

mßjdrl f.da, fol i¾jiu jk w;r tajdg iudk
wdfrdamK m%udK ,nd § we;' f.da, foflys
wrhhkag idfmaCIj tajd w;r mr;rh b;d úYd,h'
f.da, foflys flakaø w;r m%foaYfhys úoHq;a lafIa;% ;Sj%;dj ^E& fjkia jk wdldrh ksjerÈj
fmkakqï lrk m%ia;drh jkafka"

E E E E E

^1& ^2& ^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&

^28& èjks ;Sj%;djfha SI tallh jkafka"
^1& Jsm-2 ^2& Wm2 ^3& Wm-1 ^4& J ^5& Wm-2 ^''''''&

^29& my; ±lafjk rdYs hq., w;=frka tlla ffoYslhla yd wfkl wÈYlhla jkafka"
^1& úia:dmkh" m%fõ.h ^2& ld¾hh" pd,l Yla;sh ^3& n,h" úNj Yla;sh
^4& .uH;djh" ;ajrKh ^5& mSvkh" laIu;djh ^''''''&

^30& fuu g%dkaisiagrh ika;Dma; m%foaYh ;=< l%shd;au jk úg"

C ^1& E - B ikaêh fmr keUqre o VCE by< w.hl o fõ'
IB B
^2& E - B ikaêh fmr keUqre o VCE wvq w.hl o fõ'
^3& C - B ikaêh fmr keUqre o VCE jeä w.hl o fõ'
E ^4& C - B ikaêh miq keUqre o VCE wvq w.hl o fõ'
^5& IB jeä w.hl o VCE jeä w.hl o fõ' ^''''''&

^31& rEmfha olajd we;af;a I úoHq;a Odrdj ne.ska /f.k hk È.= iudka;r lïì folls' lïì msysgd
we;s ;,fhau msysá ,laIH ;=kl isg A, B yd C kï bf,lafg%dak ;=kla lïì j,g iudka;r ÈYd
Tiafia m%lafIamkh lrkq ,efí' B bf,lafg%dakh lïì fol w;r yß ueÈka .uka lrhs kï
bf,lafg%dak .uka lsÍug fm<fUk m: ksjerÈj ±lafjkafka ljr rEmfhka o@
^1& ^2&

A B C A B C
^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&

ABC ABC ABC

 06

^32& a = -252 x 104z u`.ska lïìhla isria ;,hl wkqj¾;Sh p,s;fha fhfok wdldrh ksrEmKh lr
we;' a - ;ajrKhhs' z - isria úia:dmkhhs' ld,h t iu`. z ys úp,kh fmkajk m%ia;drh úh
yelafla"
^1& z ^2& z ^3& z

t t t

^4& z ^5& z ^''''''&

t t

^33& g%dkaisiagrhla jeiQ iaúÉphla f,i l%shd lrk úg"

^1& IC jeä w.hla o VCE Y+kHhg wdikak w.hla o fõ'
^2& IC wvq w.hla o VCE jeä w.hla o fõ'
^3& IB jeä w.hla o IC wvq w.hla o fõ'
^4& IB wvq w.hla o IC jeä w.hla o fõ'
^5& by; i`oyka ;;a;aj tllaj;a we;s fkdfõ' ^''''''&

^34& jia;= 2 la tlsfkl .efgk úg tajd u; l%shd lrk l%shdj yd m%;sl%shdj ksjerÈj ±lafjkafka"

^1& ^2& ^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&

^35& rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ È. 1m iy ialkaOh 60g jk PQ ;=kS
x x x x x x
f,day oKav 0.4T i%dj >k;ajhla we;s pqïNl lafIa;%hla ;=<
x x x x x x
;ka;= 2 lska t,ajd we;' ;ka;=j, wd;;sh bj;a lsÍu i`oyd PQ
P Q
;=<ska heúh hq;= úoHq;a Odrdj" x x x x x x
^1& 0.15A, P isg Q foig ^2& 0.75A, P isg Q foig ^3& 0.75A, Q isg P foig
^4& 1.5A, P isg Q foig ^5& 1.5A, Q isg P foig ^''''''&

^36& ialkaOh m jk fnda,hl V fõ.fhka fmdf<dj u; isg isriaj by<g úislrkq ,efí' ud;
m%;sfrdaOh F ksh; w.hla fõ kï fnda,h kej; fmdf<dj fj; <`.d jk fõ.h jkafka" ^by<g
iy my<g p,s; ld, iudk fõ'&

^1& V mg ^2& V mg + F ^3& V F ^4& iV mg + F ^5& V mg + F ^''''''&

mg + F mg mg + F F mg - F
 07
^37& fuu mßKdulfha ld¾hCIu;djh 100] ls'
oaú;shl o`.rfha jg .Kk iy m%d:ñl o`.rfha jg
m%d:ñl o`.rh 6
.Kk w;r wkqmd;h 1 : 20 ls' 240V m%;Hdj¾; 240V
iemhqulg m%d:ñl o`.rh iïnkaO lr we;s w;r
oaú;shsl o`.rhg 6 m%;sfrdaOhla iïnkaO lr we;' m%d:ñl o`.rfha .,k Odrdj jkafka"
^1& 40A ^2& 20A ^3& 2A ^4& 0.2A ^5& 0.1A ^''''''&

^38& A fuu oajdr mrm:fha m%;sodkh ksrEmKh flfrk

B nq,shdkq m%ldYkh jkafka"

F ^1& F = ABC ^2& F = ABC

^3& F = AB + C ^4& F = AB + C
C
^5& F = (A+B) C ^''''''&

^39& rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ me;a;l È. L jQ iup;=ri%dldr

yrialvla mqrdu B taldldr pqïNl lafIa;%hla úys§ we;' x x x x x
fuu m%foaYfhka msg; pqïNl lafIa;%h Y+kH fõ' È. a iy x x x x x
x x x x x
m<, b (L > a , b) jQ iDcqfldaKdi%dldr lïì mqvqjla P P Q
x x x x x
msysàfï isg Q msysàu olajd ksh; m%fõ.hlska f.khkq
x x x x x
,efí' mqvqfõ fm%arKh jQ E úoHq;a .dul n,h" P isg .uka
l< ÿr wkqj fjkajk wdldrh fyd`Èkau ksrEmKh jkafka L
my; i`oyka l=uk m%ia;drfhka o@
E E E
E E

P Q P Q
P Q P Q P Q

^1& ^2& ^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&

^40& rEmfha ±lafjkafka P yd Q ,CIHdldr wdfrdamK 2 la wi,
m%foaYfhys úoHq;a n, f¾Ld jHdma;sh ±lafjk igykls'
^1& P yd Q wdfrdamK 2 u Ok wdfrdamK fõ'
^2& P yd Q wdfrdamK 2 u Ok wdfrdamK fõ' P Q
^3& P iDK wdfrdamKhls' Q Ok wdfrdamKhls'
^4& P Ok wdfrdamKhls' Q iDK wdfrdamKhls'
^5& wdfrdamK l=uk j¾.fha tajd ±hs fuu igykska ks.ukh l< yels fkdfõ' ^''''''&

^41& 1 1 1 1 x yd y w;r iul m%;sfrdaOh"

x
^1& 1
^2& 2
12V 2 2 2 2
^3& 3
^4& 4
y
^5& 5 ^''''''&
 08

^42& m<uq rEmfha olajd we;s mßm:h tys ;,h B kï B

taldldr pqïNl lafIa;%hlg ,ïnl jk fia ;nd x x x x x x
we;' fojk rEmfha olajd we;af;a tu pqïNl x x x x x x
lafIa;%fha i%dj >k;ajh B ld,h t iu`. fjkia jk R
wdldrhhs' R m%;sfrdaOlh yryd fm%arKh jk úµq;a x x x x x x
.dul n,h E ld,h iu`. fjkajk whqre fyd`Èkau t
x x x x x x t1 t2 t3
ksrEmKh jkafka"
E
E E E E

t1 t2 t3 t1 t2 t3 t1 t2 t3 t1 t2 t3 t1 t2 t3

^1& ^2& ^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&

^43& ßla;lhla ;=< m%pdrKh jk ;, úoHq;a - pqïNl ;rx. ms<sn`o lr we;s my; m%ldY i,ld n,kak'
^A& úoHq;a - pqïNl ;rx. ;s¾hhla ;rx. fõ'
^B& úoHq;a - pqïNl ;rx.j, fõ.h tajdfha ;rx. wdhdufhka iajdhla; fõ'
^C& ;rx.h yd ix>ál j we;s úoHq;a yd pqïNl lafIa;% ieu úgu ;rx.h m%pdrKh jk
ÈYdj Tiafia t,a, ù mj;S'
by; m%ldY w;=frka"
^1& A muKla i;H fõ' ^2& A iy B muKla i;H fõ'
^3& A yd C muKla i;H fõ' ^4& B yd C muKla i;H fõ'
^5& A, B yd C hk ish,a,u i;H fõ' ^''''''&

^44& rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ V m%fõ.h we;s wdfrdams; wxYjla i%dj

>k;ajh B jQ taldldr pqïNl fCIa;%hlg ,ïnlj we;=,aù
wrh R jQ jD;a;dldr ud¾.hl .uka lrhs' wxY=fõ
wdfrdamKh q kï tys ialkaOh jkafka" V

^1& BqR ^2& Bq ^3& BqR q

V R V 2
R
^4& 2 ^5& 2 ^''''''&
BqR BqV
V R
^45& ikakdhl lïìhla rEmfha ±lafjk wdldrhg kjd we;' tal
I
flakaøSh w¾O jD;a;dldr fldgia j, wr R iy 2R fõ' lïìh
;=<ska I Odrdjla .,d hhs" O flakaøfha pqïNl i%dj >k;ajh"
úYd,;ajh iy ÈYdj
I

^1& lvodisfhka bj;g ^2& lvodisfhka bj;g O

0I 0I
2R R
4R 4R
^3& lvodisfhka ;=<g ^4& lvodisfhka ;=<g
0I 30I
4R 2R
^5& lvodisfhka ;=<g ^''''''&
0I
8R
13 fY%aKsh 09 fN!;sl úoHdj - I
^46& 400W, 250V f,i l%udxlsl úÿ,s myka 5 la 250V iemhqula yryd fY%aKs.;j iïnkaO lr we;'
n,an ish,af,kau ,nd fok iïmQ¾K laIu;d m%;sodkh"
^1& 10W ^2& 80W ^3& 100W ^4& 160W ^5& 320W ^''''''&
^47& my; m%ldY w;ßka wi;H jkafka l=ula o@
^1& idudkH WIaK;ajfha § f,dayhl mrudKq ish,a,u mdfya whkSlrKh ù we;'
^2& idudkH WIaK;ajfha § w¾O ikakdhlhl mrudKqj,ska fldgila muKla whkSlrKh ù
we;'
^3& idudkH WIaK;ajfha § mßjdrlhl whkSlrKh ù we;af;a mrudKq b;d iq¿ m%udKhls'
^4& WIaK;ajh jeä lrk úg w¾O ikakdhlhl mrudKq whkSlrKh ùu jeäfõ'
^5& WIaK;ajh jeä lrk úg mßjdrlhl mrudKq whkSlrKh ùu wvqfõ' ^''''''&

^48& flá taldldr >k;ajhla iys; .%y jia;=jl flakaøfha isg we;s ÿr ^y& iu`. tys wNsu; .=re;ajc
lafIa;% ;Sj%;dj ^g& fjkia ùu fyd`Èkau ksrEmKh jkafka"
g g g g g

0 0 0 y 0 y 0 y
y y
^1& ^2& ^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&
^49& idfmaCI wKql ialkaOh M jQ T WIaK;ajfha we;s jdhqjl j¾. uOHhk uQ, m%fõ.h"
3RT 3RT 2RT 3RM 3RM
^1& ^2& ^3& ^4& ^5& ^''''''&
M M M T 2T

^50& 1 iy 10 w;r m%;sfrdaOh uek .ekSug jvd;au iqÿiq mßm:h f;darkak'
^1& ^2& A ^3& R
A
A R
V
V V

^4& R ^5& R
V V

A A
^''''''&
ish¨u ysñlï weúßKs'
All Rights Reserved 01

wOHhk fmdÿ iy;sl m;% ^W$fm<& úNd.h

fN!;sl úoHdj - II
13 fY%aKsh ld,h meh 03 hs'

² m%Yak y;rgu ms<s;=re imhkak'

A fldgi - jHqy.; rpkd

01' ùÿre iy báj, >k;ajh ks¾Kh lsÍug isiqfjla ie,iqï lrhs' fï i`oyd l=vd ùÿre fnda,hla" bá
.,shla" uhsfl%daógr bial=remamq wdudkhla" c, n`ÿkla iy ixfõ§ ;=,djla Tyq Ndú;d lrhs' ùÿre
fnda,fha mßudj .Kkh lsÍu i`oyd Tyq fnda,fha úIalïNh uhsfl%dógr bial=remamq wdudkhlska
ukskq ,efí' fnda,h bial=remamq wudkfha boao yd lsKsysrh w;r ilid ,nd .;a mdGdxl ;=kla
my; ±lafõ' 9.96mm , 9.97 mm , 10.01 mm.

^a& ^¸& fnda,fha úIalïNh uekSu i`oyd Ndú;d l< bial=remamq wdudkfha l=vdu ñkqu fldmuK
o@

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^¸¸& bial=remamq wdudkfha jg mßudKh fldgia mylg fnod we;akï tys bial=remamq
wka;rd,h fldmuK o@

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^¸¸¸& bial=remamq wdudkfha boao iy lsKsysrh iam¾Y jk úg tys
mßudKh ilia ù we;af;a rEmfha mßÈh'
46
WmlrKfha uQ,dxl fodaIh fldmuK o@

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^¸¹& uQ,dxl fodaIh ie,ls,a,g .ksñka úYalïNh i`oyd ,enqKq mdGdxl ;=k ksjerÈ lrkak'

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^¹& úYalïNh i`oyd ,enqKq mdGdx ;=k tlsfklg fjkia ùug n,mE yels fya;=jla fokak'

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^¹¸& fnda,fha úYalïNh i`oyd Tn Ndú;d lrk w.h ^d& fldmuK o@

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^¹¸¸& fnda,fha ialkaOh m = 2.20g jk nj ;=,dj Ndú;fhka fidhd .kakd ,§' ùÿrej,
>k;ajh ^dg& fldmuK fõ o@

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 02

^b& báj, >k;ajh wdlsñãia uQ,O¾uh Ndú;d lr fiùug YsIHhd W;aiy lrhs' fï i`oyd Tyqg
bá.=,sfha ialkaOh ^mp& lsrd f.k bá .=,sh uOHfha ùÿre fnda,h mj;sk fia ilid .kS'
^¸& wdlsñãia kshuh i`oyka lrkak'
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^¸¸& báj, >k;ajh ks¾Kh lsÍug Tyq úiska ,nd.; hq;= mdGdxlh ^R& i`oyka lrkak'
..........................................................................................................................................
^¸¸¸& c,fha >k;ajh dw f,i .ksñka ùÿre fnda,h iys; bá .=,sfha mßudj i`oyd m%ldYkhla
,shkak'
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^¸¹& tkhska báj, >k;ajh i`oyd m%ldYkhla ,nd .kak'
..........................................................................................................................................
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02' mÍCIKd.drfha § ud;fha èjks m%fõ.h fiùfï mÍCIKhla i`oyd fofl<jr újD; wkqkdo
k<hla c,h msß Wi ùÿre irdjla" wdOdrlhla iy 500Hz iriq,la Tng imhd we;'
^a& fuu mÍCIKh i`oyd Tng wjYH jk wu;r WmlrKh l=ula o@
..........................................................................................................................................
^b& fuys§ mÍCIKh lsÍu i`oyd Tn by; WmlrKh ilia lrk whqre ±lafjk rEm igykla
w`Èkak'

^c& ^¸& k<fha wdka; fYdaOkh i,lkafka kï" fuu mÍCIKfha § wkqkdo wjia:d wju
jYfhka fldmuK ixLHdjla .; hq;= o@ tajd y`ÿkajkak'
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 03
^¸¸& tu wkqkdo wjia:d ,nd.kakd wdldrh meyeÈ,sj olajkak'
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^¸¸¸& fuu mÍCIKfha § Tn ,nd.kakd ñkqï ljf¾ o@ ^l1 iy l2 f,i .ksuq'&
..........................................................................................................................................
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^¸¹& k<fha wdka;fYdaOkh e f,i f.k jd;fha èjks m%fõ.h V fia o i`oyd wjYH m%ldYk
l1 iy l2 ñkqï e weiqfrka ,nd.kak'
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^¹& by; ^¸¸¸& fldgfia § ,nd.;a ñkqï ms<sfj,ska 16.5cm iy 50.5cm kï V iy e ks¾Kh
lrkak'
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^¹¸& k<fha È. 80cm kï B<`. wkqkdo wjia:dj Tng ,nd.; yelso@ Tnf.a ms<s;=rg fya;=
olajkak'
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03' fuys olajd we;af;a .s,a¨ï ;dmlhla fhdod .ksñka

úYsIaG ;dm Odß;djh ks¾Kh lsÍu i`oyd ilia l< ( )
wegjquls'
^a& mÍCIKh i`oyd w;HjYH rEmfha fmkajd ke;s X
WmlrK folla kï lrkak' Y
..............................................................................
P
^b& rEmfha x yd y u`.ska olajd we;af;a l=uk x x
WmlrKh o@ x x
x x
x = ....................................................... x x
x x x x x
y = ....................................................... Q
 04

^c& glk h;=rla fjkqjg fmakq h;=rla fuu mÍCIKh iod fhdod .kafka wehs@
.................................................................................................................................................
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^d& rEmfha olajd we;s P iy Q u`.ska flfrk ld¾hka i`oyka lr ta i`oyd iqÿiq øjH j¾. fhdackd
lrkak'
P = ....................................................................................................................................
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Q = ....................................................................................................................................
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^e& mÍCIKh wdrïN lsÍug m%:u le,ß ógrh iy ta ;=< we;s øjHfha WIaK;ajh ldur
WIaK;ajhg jvd 40C muK wvq w.hla f.k Odrdj heùfuka tu WmlrKh WIaK;ajh 40C g
muK jeä w.hlg f.k tau jvd iqÿiq jkafka wehs ±hs myokak'
.................................................................................................................................................
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^f& Odrd kshdulfha w.h hï ksh; w.hl ;ndf.k mßm:h ;=<ska Odrdj heùu wdrïN lr
mÍCIKh lrk w;r;=f¾ § x yd y ys mdGdxl fjkia fõ' fï i`oyd fya;= folla fokak'
.................................................................................................................................................
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^g& le,ß ógrfha ;dm Odß;dj 85 J0C-1 o" tys wvx.= øjfha ialkaOh .%Eï 70 la o fõ' fjda,aÜ 2 l
úNj wka;rhlska ;dmk o`.rhg 1.5A Odrdjla ñks;a;= 10 la .,d hdug ie,eia jQ úg
WIaK;ajfha by< hdu 80C la ù kï øjfha úYsIaG ;dm Odß;djh .Kkh lrkak'
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04' fmkajd we;s mßm:hg iïnkaO lr we;s

V
fkdokakd m%;sfrdaOlhl w.h" Rx m%ia:dr
l%uhla Ndú;d fldg fiùug YsIHfhl=g kshuj RX
we;' V hkq R m%;sfrdaO fmÜáhla u`.ska imhk
úp,H m%;sfrdaOlhls' hkq yryd iïnkaO lr R S
we;s fjda,aáógrfha mdGdxlh fõ' fjda,aáógrfha
wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOh úYd,h' 3V w.hlska hq;a V0 V0
fjda,aàh;djh iemhSu i`oyd tl tlayS
fjda,aàh;djh 1.5V jk úh<s fldaI folla
Ndú;d lr we;' tjeks úh<s fldaI negßhl wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOh fkd.sksh yels hehs i,lkak'
^a& fjda,aáógrfha O%eùh;djh tys wkqu; + iy - ,l=Kq fh§fuka i,l=Kq lrkak'
13 fY%aKsh 05 fN!;sl úoHdj - II
^b& ^¸& m%ia:drhla we`§u i`oyd fjda,aáógr mdGdxl ^V& lsysmhla R m%;sfrdaOh fjkia lsÍu
u`.ska ,nd .kakd f,i YsIHhdg okajd we;' V, R, V0 iy Rx iïnkaO flfrk
m%ldYkhla ,shkak'
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^¸¸& Y wCIh u; 1/V msysgk mßÈ ir, f¾Çh m%ia:drhla we`§u i`oyd úp,Hhka kej; ilia
lrkak'
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^¸¸¸& Tn n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk jl%fha o< igykla w`Èkak' wCI kï lrkak'

^¸¹& Rx ys w.h Tn m%ia:drfhka fidhd .kafka flfia o@

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^¹& negßfha V0 fjda,aàh;djh Tn m%ia:drfhka fidhd .kafka flfiao@
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^c& fjda,aÜógrfha wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOh 1500 iy Rx ys w.h 100 m%udKfha we;s nj Tng lshd
we;' ir, f¾Çh m%ia:drhla ,nd.ekSug R i`oyd my; § we;s mrdihkaf.ka l=uk mrdi w.h
Tn f;dard .kafkao hkak yß ,l=K fh§u u`.ska olajkak'
25 500 (.......)
25 1500 (.......)
25 2000 (.......)
Tnf.a f;aÍug fya;=j fokak'
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^d& ^¸& isÿ úh yels negß neiSï u`.ska o;a; u; n,mEula we;s jQfha ±hs Tn mÍCIKd;aulj
mÍCId lrkafka flfiao@
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^¸¸& negßh nei we;ehs Tn fidhd .;af;a kï mÍCIKh kej; isÿ lsÍug fmr kj 1.5V
fldaI Ndú;d lrñka jvd È.= l,la mj;sk fjk;a 3V negßhla Tn ie,iqï lrkafka
flfia o@ ^wjYH kï Tfí ms<s;=r úoyd ±laùu i`oyd rEm igykla o we`Èh yelshs'&
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 06

B fldgi - rpkd
m%Yak y;rlg ms<s;=re imhkak

01' ^a& ^¸& nZkQ,s m%fïhsh .Ks;uh m%ldYkhla wdldrhg ,shd olajkak'
^¸¸& by; iólrKfhys iaÓ;sl mSvk mo yd .;sl x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mSvk mo y`ÿkajkak' x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x Oil x x x x x x x x
4m x x x -3 x x x x x x
^b& my; olajd we;af;a úYd, y¾lvla iys; n`ÿkls' tys x x x 800kgm x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
m;=f,a 4m la Wv 1000kgm-3 la iys; c,h msÍ we;s w;r x
x
x
x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
t;eka isg 4m la Wig 800kgm-3 l >k;ajhla iys;j
f;,a ødjKhla msÍ we;' n`ÿfka m;=f,a me;s isÿrlska
c,h ldkaÿjk úg n`ÿfka c, uÜgfï my< hdu Water
fkdi,ld yeßh yels ;rï l=vd kï o c,h bj;a jk 4m 1000kgm-3
ia:dkfha wjg mSvkh jdhqf.da,Sh mSvkh kï o c,h
isÿfrka bj;g .,d tk m%fõ.h .Kkh lrkak'

^c&
A

20m
B
k<h
480m
C

gZnhsk fm;s úÿ,s cklh

c,fha jQ úNj Yla;sh Wmfhda.S lr f.k l=vd c, úÿ,s n,d.dr u`.ska wE; msysá .ïudkj,g
wjYH jk úÿ,s n,h ksmojd .ekSu i`oyd ±kg Y%S ,xldfõ mj;sk úÿ,s n, w¾nqoh i`oyd .kq
,nk tla l%shdud¾.hla ±lafjk jHdmD;shl o< wdlD;shla by; rEmfhka olajd we;'

c,dYfha c, uÜgfï isg 20m la my<ska we;s k<hla Tiafia 480m isria ÿrla my<g c,h
f.k hdfuka miq n,d.drfha we;s gZnhskfha fm;s u; ,ïnlj m;s; ùug i,iajd we;'
c,dYh ;=< A iy B ys§ c,h ksYap,j mj;skafka hhso c, uÜgfï Wi ksh;j mj;skafka
hhso Wml,amkh lrkak' ^c,fha >k;ajh 1000kgm-3 &

^¸& jdhqf.da,Sh mSvkh 1 x 105Nm-2 kï B ys§ c,h ;=< mSvkh .Kkh lrkak'

^¸¸& B yd C ,CIHhkag nZkq,S m%fïh fhÈh yels kï C ys§ k,fhka c,h msgjk m%fõ.h
.Kkh lrkak'

^¸¸¸& k,fha yrialv j¾.M,h 0.2m2 kï k,h ;=<ska C ys§ c,h msgùfï iS>%;djh kgs-1
j,ska .Kkh lrkak'
 07

^¸¹& gZnhsk fm;s u`.ska c,fha jQ W;a;drK pd,l Yla;sh 10% l ld¾hCIu;djhlska
hqla;j tys N%uK pd,l Yla;sh njg m;a jkafka kï N%uK pd,l Yla;sh ,nd .ekSfï
iS>%;djh .Kkh lrkak'
^¹& N%uKh jk fm;s taldldr ;eáhla f,io" tys wrh 2m o ialkaOh 1000kg o f,i f.k
taldldr m%fõ.fhka N%uKh jkafka hhs o i,ld tys fldaKsl m%fõ.h .Kkh lrkak'
^ialkaOh M o" wrh R o jk ;eáhl ish wlaIh jgd wjiaÓ;s >Q¾Kh 1/2MR2 fõ'&

02' b;d ir, wkaoñka i,lk úg ñksia weil oDIaá ú;dkhg bÈßfhka iu W;a;, ldphla we;ehs
ie,fla' tjeks weila u`.ska wE; msysá jia;=jla foi ne,Sfï§ ldpfha kdNs ÿr 2.5cm fõ' kdNs ÿr
10cm jk W;a;, wúÿr ,CIHfha msysá jia;=jl meyeÈ,s m%;sìïnhla wei u`.ska ±lsh yelso@
weig b;d ÿßka msysá jia;= meyeÈ,sj fmfkk kuq;a weig lsÜgqfjka msysá jia;= meyeÈ,sj
fkdfmkSu ÿr oDIaál;ajh f,i y`ÿkajhs' fuh wei iïnkaO jQ frda.S ;;a;ajhls' weig lsÜgq
jia;= ±l .ekSu i`oyd wlaIs ldpfha kdNsh ÿr iqÿiq mßÈ wvqlr .ekSu l< hq;=h' fuf,i kdNsh ÿr
wvq lr .ekSfï fkdyelshdjla fuu fodaIfhka fmf<k weilg we;s ksid <`. msysá jia;=j,
m%;sìïnh oDIaáú;dkh u; fkdiEfoa' Tfí ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s lrkak'
^¸& <`. msysá jia;=jla foi n,k frda.S weila iïnkaOfhka iqÿiq lsrK igykla w`Èkak'
^¸¸& fuu fodaIh u`. yrjd .ekSug Ndú;d lrkqfha l=uk j¾.fha ldphla o@
^¸¸¸& ldph m<`od fodaIh u`.yrjd .;a weila iïnkaOfhka iqÿiq lsrK igykla w`Èkak'
^¸¹& ÿr oDIaál;ajfhka fmf<k weilg 40cm g wvq ÿrlska msysgk jia;= meyeÈ,sj fkdfmfka'
25cm ÿßka msysá jia;= ±l .ekSu i`oyd Ndú;d l< hq;= Wmeia hqjf,a fhÈh hq;= ldpfha n,h
fidhkak' tu Wmeia hqj, me<`o yelsh' wlaIs ldpfha isg oDIaáú;dkhg ÿr 2.5cm kï fuúg
wlaIsldpfha kdNs ÿr fidhkak'

03' ^a& wd;kH m%;Hdn,h yd wd;kH úl%shdj hk mo y`ÿkajkak' fuys wd;kH hk mofhka l=ula
woyia fõo@

Ndrh ^N&

24
B
22
20
(0.4 mm , 19.2 N)
18
16
14
12
10
8 A
6
(0.4 mm , 4.8 N)
4
2
ú;;sh mm
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
 08

^b& okakd yrialv iys; jdfka lïì folla i`oyd Ndrhú;;sh m%ia;drhla by; ±lafõ' A ys
úIalïNh 0.4mm jk w;r fkdwe`È È. 2.0m fõ'
^¸& A ys hxudmdxlh .Kkh lrkak'
^¸¸& B ys fkdwe`È È. 2.0m kï ys úIalïNh .Kkh lrkak'
^¸¸¸& fok ,o Ndrhla i`oyd B ys .nvd jk úl%shd Yla;sh A fuka fldmuK jdrhlao@
myokak'
^¸¹& ^1& jdfka j, fNaol m%;smdn,h 5.0 x 108Nm-2 kï A lïìh fkdlefvk mßÈ fhÈh
yels Wmßu Ndrh l=ula o@
^2& jdfkaj, >k;ajh 800kgm-3 f,i f.k fkdlefvk mßÈ isriaj t,aúh yels
lïìfha Wmßu È. l=ula o@
^c& 2m 2m
L A M B N
A yd B lïì fol by; mßÈ ikaê lr uq¿ ú;;sh 0.0100m jk mßÈ w`Èk ,o kï"
^¸& A yd B ys ú;;s w;r wkqmd;h"
^¸¸& A yd B ys ú;;ska"
^¸¸¸& ixhqla; lïìhg fhdod we;s wd;;sh fidhkak'

04' ^a& my; j.=fõ ±lafjkafka úúO WIaK;ajh ^g& iu`. c,fha ix;Dma; jdIam mSvkh ^P& úp,kh
jk wdldrhhs'
(0C)          
P/mmHg          

(0C)          
P/mmHg          
^¸& lsishï Èkl jdhqf.da, WIaK;ajh 300C o" idfmaCI wd¾ø;djh 80% la o fõ'
^1& tÈk ;=Idrxlh ^wdikak 10C g& fidhkak'
^2& WIaK;ajh 280C olajd my< .sfha kï túg idfmaCI wd¾ø;djh fidhkak'
^3& WIaK;ajh 240C olajd my< .sfha kï túg idfmaCI wd¾ø;djh fidhkak'
^¸¸& mßudj 50m3 jk ixjD; ldurhl WIaK;ajh 300C o" idfmaCI wd¾ø;djh 80% o jk
wjia:djla i,lkak'
a& ldurh ;=< ksrfmaCI wd¾ø;djh .Kkh lrkak'
b& ldurh ;=< jdIamj,ska ix;Dma; ùug kï ;sìh hq;= uq¿ jdIam ialkaOh fldmuK o@
c& c, jdIam Wrd .kakd hka;%hla u`.ska ksh; WIaK;ajfha§ idfmaCI wd¾ø;djh 60%
olajd wvqlr bkamiq WIaK;ajh 240C olajd wvq lrk ,§'
¸& ldurfhka bj;a l< c, jdIam ialkaOh fidhkak'
¸¸& ldurfha kj idfmaCI wd¾ø;djh .Kkh lrkak'
^¸¸¸& by; ^¸¸& ^c& ;;a;ajfha ;sìh§ ldurfha mej;s ljq¿jla újD; lrk ,§' c, jdIam
.,kafka ldurfha isg ndysrhgo" ndysrfha isg ldurh ;=<g o hkak meyeÈ,s lrkak'
^riÈhj, >k;ajh = 13600kgm-3" i¾j;% jdhq ksh;h R = 8.3Jmol-1k-1" c, jdIamj,
wKql Ndrh = 189mol-1&
13 fY%aKsh 09 fN!;sl úoHdj - II
05' ^¸& iudka;r ;yvq Odß;%lhla idfmaCI mdr fõoH;dj E jk
øjHhlska mqrjd we;' ;yvq w;r mr;rh d iy ;yvqjl j¾.M,h d/2 1
A fõ' Odß;%lfha Odß;dj i`oyd m%ldYKhla ,nd.kak'
d/2 2
^¸¸& tu Odß;%lfha mdrúoHq;a øjH bj;a lr rEmfha mßÈ idfmaCI
mdrfõoHdlj E1 iy E2 jk øjH 02 la fhdod we;akï tys Odß;dfõ
w.h ,nd.kak'

^¸¸¸& Odß;djka ms<sfj,ska 10F, 20F, 30F iy 45F jk Odß;%l 4 la rEmfha mßÈ iïnkaO lr
500V úNjhla ,nd§ we;' tla tla Odß;%lfha wdfrdamKh iy úNj wka;rh fidhkak'

10F 20F

500V
30F

45F

^¸¹& mßm:fha Odß;%lj, iïmQ¾K Yla;sh fidhkak'

06' ^a& D hkq úoHq;a .dul n,h 60V o" wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOh 2 o jQ ir, Odrd iemhquls'

b a

2
S +
4
D 60V
105F
-

3 6

S iaúph a g iam¾Y lr Odß;%lh wdfrdamKh lr th b g iam¾Y lrhs'

^¸& Odß;%lfha .nvd jk Yla;sh fldmuK o@
^¸¸& iaúph b g iam¾Y jQ úg tla tla m%;sfrdaOfhka W;ai¾ckh jk Yla;sh fldmuK o@
 10
^b& úoHq;a .dul n,h 8V la yd E jQ wNHka;r E
2
m%;sfrdaOhka Y+kH jQ fldaI folla 2 yd R
fhdod idod we;s úoHq;a mßm:hla fuu rEmfha
±lafõ'
A yd B w.% yryd wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOh 1 la jQ 12
fjda,aáógrhla iïnkaO l< úg mdGdxlh 4V 8V
la úh'
^¸& fjda,aáógrh bj;afldg A yd B yryd
wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOh Y+kH weógrhla
iïnkaO l< úg tys mdGdxlh 7A úh' E A B
yd R w.hhka fidhkak'
^¸¸& bkamiq weógrh .,jd A yd B w.% yryd wmßñ; wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOhlska hq;a
fjda,aáógrhla iïnkaO lf<a kï tys mdGdxlh l=ula o@ A yd B w.% újD;j mj;sk úg
,CIH N+.; fldg ;sfí kï B ,CIHfha úNjh l=ula o@

07' ^a& ^¸& Èfhdavhl fmr keUqre wjia:dj yd miq keUqre wjia:dj mßm: rEm igykla fhdod
.ksñka meyeÈ,s lrkak'
^¸¸& is,slka Èfhdavhl iy cZfïkshï Èfhdavhl Odrd - fjda,aàh;d ,dCIKsl jl% tlu
m%ia:drhl w`Èkak' 200
^b& bÈßfhka § we;s mßm:fha ±lafjkafka ì`ojegqï fjda,aàh;djh
8V hk fik¾ Èfhdavhla wNHka;r m%;sfrdaOh fkdie,lsh
yels ;rï l=vd 12V jQ fjda,aàh;d m%Njhlg iïnkaO lr we;s
wdldrhhs' fik¾ Èfhdavfha Wmßu laIu;djh 400mW jk
w;r ia:dhsldrl l%shdj,sh i`oyd tu Èfhdavh ;=<ska .e,sh hq;=
wju úoHq;a Odrdj 4mA fõ'
^¸& fik¾ Èfhdavh ;=<ska .e,sh yels Wmßu wdrCIs; úoHq;a
Odrdj fldmuKo@ R
^¸¸& mßm:fha h;=r újD;j mj;sk úg Èfhdavh Wmßu
laIu;djh hgf;a l%shd lsÍu i`oyd R m%;sfrdaOlfha w.h
fldmuK úh hq;=o@ 12V
^¸¸¸& h;=r jid we;súg 200 Ndr m%;sfrdaOh ;=<ska yd Èfhdavh ;=<ska .,k úoHq;a Odrd
fldmuKo@ ^R by; w.fha ksh;j mj;S hhs i,lkak'&
^¸¹& R m%;sfrdaOh ;=<ska .e,sh yels Wmßu Odrdj;a R m%;sfrdaOlhg mej;sh yels wju w.h;a
fidhkak'
^c& A, B, C yd D f,i kï lrk ,o i¾jiu Èfhdav y;rla yd 1K Ndr m%;sfrdaOlhla Tng ,nd
§ we;'
^¸& fïjd Ndú;d lr fia;= wdldrfha mQ¾K ;rx. iDcqldrl mßm:hla w`Èkak'
^¸¸& A Èfhdavh m%odk m%;Hdj¾; Odrdfõ jk ixprlh i`oyd fmr keUqre fõ kï by; ^¸&
fldgfia mßm:hg wkqj Ok ixprlh i`oyd miq keUqre jk Èfhdav folla i`oyka
lrkak'
^¸¸¸& Ndr m%;sfrdaOlfha w.% w;r ilia jk úNj wka;rh ld,h iu`. fjkia jk wdldrh
we`o fmkajkak'
^¸¹& fuu iDcqldrl mßm:hg ,nd fok m%;Hdj¾; fjda,aàh;djfha j¾. uOHkH uQ, w.h
10V fõ' Ndr m%;sfrdaOlh yryd ilia jk fjda,aàh;djfha ir, Odrd w.h fldmuK o@
^¹& m%;sodkh iqugkh lsÍu i`oyd Odß;%lh iïnkaO lrk wdldrh by; ^¸& ys we`È mßm:fha
i,l=Kq lr m%;sodk úNj wka;rh iqugkh jQ miq iajNdjh by; ^¸¸& ys rEmfha olajkak'