Introduction to WaterGEMS

SCHOOL OF WATER RESOURCES,

IIT KHARAGPUR

Presented by:

Yuvraj Siddharth
 History of WaterGEMS
1983: KYPIPE – 1st IBM-PC fully capable implementation of the mainframe
solution for water distribution modeling

1991: Cybernet – 1st AutoCAD-based water distribution modeling solution

1996: WaterCAD – 1st commercial Windows stand-alone water distribution

modeling solution

2002: WaterGEMS – 1st ArcGIS 8x water distribution modeling solution

2006: WaterGEMS V8 XM Edition – 1st MicroStation water distribution modeling

solution

And: WaterGEMS V8 XM Edition – 1st fully unified cross-platform water

distribution modeling solution
 What is WaterGEMS?

 WaterGEMS is a comprehensive and easy to

use water distribution modeling application.
 OBJECTIVE
• To study the WaterGEMS software, to enhance our technical skills and
to understand practical implementation of Pipe network analysis in
broad area.
What is the software used for?

 Building a water-distribution network and performing steady state as well

as extended period simulations

 Water Quality Analysis

 Network Design

 Model Calibration

 Network Design Optimization

THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
• Hydraulic options control how the hydraulic computations are carried out. They
consist of the following items:
Options Descriptions

Flow Units Units in which nodal demands and link flow rates
are expressed. Choosing units in gallons, cubic
feet, or acre-feet implies that the units for all other
network quantities are Customary US. Selecting
liters or cubic meters causes all other units to be
SI metric. Use caution when changing flow units
as it might affect all other data supplied to the
project.
 Options Description
Headloss Formula Formula used to compute headloss as a
function of flow rate in a pipe. Choices are:
• Hazen-Williams
• Darcy-Weisbach
•Chezy-Manning
Because each formula measures pipe
roughness differently, switching formulas
might require that all pipe roughness
coefficients be updated.
Methods •Hardy Cross method
•Linear optimization technique
STEADY-STATE
SIMULATIONS
 Building a Network and Performing a Steady-
State Analysis

Step 1: Create a New Project File

Using the WaterCAD V8i interface:

 Double-click the Bentley WaterCAD V8i icon.

The welcome dialog box opens.
 Click Create New Project and an untitled
project opens.
Windows of WaterGEMS

Menu Bar
Tool bar

Layout bar

Status bar
3. Choose Tools > Options > Units. Since you will be working in System
International units, click Reset Defaults to System International.

4. Verify that the Default Unit System for New Project is set to SI. If not,
select from the menu.

5. Select the Project tab to make sure Drawing Mode is set to Scaled.
6. Set the Horizontal Scale Factor 1 cm = 40 m.
7. Click OK.
8. Set up the project. Choose File > Project Properties and name the project
Lesson 1—Steady State Analysis and click OK.
9. Choose File > Save as. In the Save File As dialog box, double-click the
Lesson folder.
10. Enter the file name MYLESSON1.WTG for your project, and click Save.
Using the AutoCAD interface:
1. Double-click the Bentley WaterCAD V8i desktop icon to start Bentley WaterCAD V8i for
AutoCAD.
2. Choose Tools > Options > Units. Since you will be working in System International units,
click Reset Defaults to System International.

3. Verify that the Default Unit System for New Project is set to SI. If not, select
from the menu.
4. Click OK.
5. Select File > Open
6. Select the existing AutoCAD file LESSON1.DWG from the Lesson folder.
7. With the drawing open, select File > Save As. In the Save Drawing As dialog
box, double-click the Lesson folder, enter the filename as

MYLESSON1.DWG and click Save to save the file in your \Bentley WaterCAD
V8i \Lesson directory. Now, select the Layout Elements tool in the
Bentley WaterCAD V8i toolbar.
Then, move the cursor onto the drawing pane and right-click to select Reservoir
from the shortcut menu. Click the
approximate location of reservoir R-1 (see diagram above). You will be
prompted to set up the project. Click Yes to open the Project Setup Wizard.
8. In the Project Setup Wizard, title the project Lesson 1—Steady State
Analysis and click the Next button.
9. Choose your desired settings. For this lesson, use the program default
values. Click the Next button.
10. Select the Scaled button located under the Drawing Scale option. Set the
horizontal scale to 1 mm = 4000 mm, and the vertical scale to 1 mm = 400
mm.
11. Click the Next button to continue.
12. The element prototype buttons allow you to set default values for each
element type. We will use the default prototype values in this lesson, so click
the
Finished button.
Step 2: Lay out the Network
1. Select Pipe from the layout toolbar.
2. Move the cursor on the drawing pain and right click to select Reservoir from the menu or click
from the toolbar.
3. Click to place R-1.
4. Move the cursor to the location of pump P-1. Right-click and select Pump from the shortcut
menu.
Click to place it.
5. Right
5. Right click to select Junction from the menu and click to
place J-1.
6. Click to place junctions J-2, J-3, and J-4.
7. Click on J-1 to finish.
8. Right-click and choose Done from the menu.

Click to place it.

LAYOUT TOOLBAR

P ipe
Junction
Hydrant
Tank
Reservoir
House
Scada element
Periodic head flow
Pump
Variable speed pump
Pump staion
Turbine
Valves
Checkvalves
Orifice
Discharge to atmosphere
Surge tank
Hydro pneumatic tank
Air valve
Surge valve
9. Create J-5.
a. Select the Pipe layout tool again.
b. Click junction J-3.
c. Move the cursor to the location of J-5, and click to
insert the element.
d. Right-click and select Done.
12. Save the network by clicking Save or choose File > Save.
Step 3: Enter and modify data
Dialog Boxes—You can use the Select tool and double-click an element to bring up
its Properties editor. In AutoCAD, click the element once with the
Select tool to open the element's editor.
FlexTables—You can click FlexTables to bring up dynamic tables that allow you
to edit and display the model data in a tabular format. You
can edit the data as you would in a spreadsheet.
User Data Extensions—The User Data Extensions feature allows you to import
and export element data directly from XML files.
Alternative Editors—Alternatives are used to enter data for different "What If ?"
situations used in Scenario Management.
Entering Data through Dialog Boxes
To access an element's dialog box in WaterCAD V8i mode, double-click the element.
In AutoCAD, first click the Select tool on the toolbar, then click the
element whose attributes you wish to modify.
STEPS:
1. Open the Reservoir Editor for
reservoir R-1
2. Enter the Elevation as 198.
3. Set Zone to Connection Zone.
a. Click the menu to Edit Zones
which will open the Zone
Manager.
b. Click New .
c. Enter a label for the new
pressure zone called Connection
Zone.
d. Click Close.
e. Select the zone you just created
from the Zone menu.
f. Close the Reservoir Editor.

4. Open the Tank Editor for tank

T-1 and enter the following:
Elevation (Base) = 200
Elevation (Minimum) = 220
Elevation (Initial) = 225
Elevation (Maximum) = 226
Diameter (m) = 8
Section = Circular
Set the Zone to Zone 1
5. Open the Pump Editor for pump
PMP-1.
a. Enter 193 for the Elevation.
b. Click in the Pump Definition field
and click on Edit Pump Definitions
from the drop-down list to open the
Pump Definitions manager

Close the Tank editor.

c. Click New to create a new pump definition. Name it PMP-1.
d. Select Standard (3 Point) from the Pump Type menu.
e. Right click on Flow to open the Units and Formatting menu.
f. Click on it and then in the Set Field Options box set the Units to L/min.
g. Click OK.
h. Enter the following
information:
i. Click Close.
j. Select PMP-1 from the Pump
Definition menu.
k. Click to exit the dialog box.

6. Click to open the PRV Editor

for valve PRV-1.
Enter in the following:
Elevation =165
Diameter = 150
Pressure = 390
Status = Active
Settings = Pressure
Create Zone-2 and set it.
Create Zone-
Click to exit.
7. Enter the following data for each of the
junctions.

In order to add the demand, click

the ellipsis in the Demand
Collection field to open the Demand
box, click New, and type in the
numbers for Flow (L/min).

Leave all other fields set to their default

values.
 Click to exit.

8. Specify user-defined lengths for pipes P-1, P-7, P-8, P-9 and P-10.
a. Double-click pipe P-1 to open the Pipe Editor.
b. Set Has User Defined Length? to True. Then, enter a value of 0.01 m in
the Length field. Since you are using the reservoir and pump to simulate
the connection to the main distribution system, you want headloss through
this pipe to be negligible. Therefore, the length is very small and the
diameter will be large.
c. Enter 1000 mm as the diameter of P1.
d. Repeat for pipes P-7 through P-10 using
the following user-defined lengths and
diameters.
P7 = 400
P8 = 500
P9 = 31
P-10 = 100
e. Click to close.
Step 4: Entering Data through Flex Tables

It is often more convenient to enter data for similar elements in tabular form,
rather than to individually open a dialog box for an element, enter the data into
the dialog box, and then select the next element.

Using Flex Tables, you can enter the data

as you would enter data into a spreadsheet.

To use FlexTables
1. Click FlexTables or choose View > Flex Tables.
 2. Double-click Pipe Table and click OK. Fields that are white can be edited,
but yellow fields can not.

3. For each of the pipes, enter the diameter and the pipe
material as follows:
4. In order to enter the material type, click the ellipsis to open the
Engineering Libraries box.

Click on Material Libraries > Material Libraries.xml and

then click the appropriate material type and then click Select.
Or, enter the material type in the field

.
5. Notice that the C values for the pipes will be automatically assigned to
preset values based on the material; however, these values could be modified
if a different coefficient were required.

6. Leave other data set to their default values. Click to exit the table when you
are finished.
Step 5: Run a Steady-State Analysis
1. Click to open the Base Calculation Options box.

2. Double-click or right click to open the Properties

manager and make sure that the Time Analysis Type is set
to Steady State.

Click to close
3. Click Validate then click Ok if no problems are found.

4. Click Compute to analyze the model.

5. When calculations are completed, User Notifications open

A green light indicates no warnings or issues, a yellow light

indicates warnings, and a red light indicates issues.
Final Network
6. Click to close User Notification.
7. Click to Save project.
RESULTS

Bar-chart graph
Line-series graph
 SCENARIO
MANAGEMENT
Scenario Management is used for computation
of “WHAT-IF” type of conditions
There are 14 alternative types
Results could be in any of the following forms
 Reports - which display and print information on any or all elements in the system.

 Element Tables (Flex Tables) -for viewing, editing, and presentation of selected data
and elements in a tabular format.

 Profiles - to graphically show, in a profile view, how a selected attribute, such as hydraulic
grade, varies along an interconnected series of pipes.

 Contouring -to show how a selected attribute, such as pressure, varies throughout the
distribution system.

 Element Annotation - for dynamic presentation of the values of user-selected variables

in the plan view.

 Color Coding -which assigns colors based on ranges of values to elements in the plan
view. Color coding is useful in performing quick diagnostics on the network.