Financial Accounting TRANSACTION CODES

SPRO Enter IMG

OX02 Company Code - Create, Check, Delete
OX03 Create Business Area
OKBD Functional Areas
OB45 Create Credit Control Area
OB29 Maintain Fiscal Year Variant
OB37 Assign Co. Code to Fiscal Year Variant
OB13 Creation of Chart of Account (CoA)
OBY7 Copy Chart of Account (CoA)
OBY9 Transport Chart of Account
OBD4 Define Account Group
OBY2 Copy GL Accounts from the Chart to Co. Code
OB53 Define Retained Earnings
OB58 Maintain Financial Statement Versions
OBC4 Maintain Field Status Variant
OBBO Define Posting Period Variant
OBA7 Define Document Type & Number Ranges
OB41 Maintain Posting Keys
OBA4 Create Tolerance Groups
FBN1 Create GL Number Ranges
OBL1 Automatic Posting Documentation
FBKP Automatic Account Assignment
OBYC MM Automatic Account Assignment
OBY6 Enter Global Parameters
FS00 Creation of GL Master Records
(F-02) Posting of GL Transactions
(FB03) Display of GL Document
(FS10N) Display of GL Accounts
OB46 Define Interest Calculation Types
OBD3 Define Vendor Account Group
(XK01) Creation of Vendor Master
(F-43) Purchase Invoice Posting
(FK10N) Display Vendor Account
F112 Define House Bank
OBB8 Maintain Terms of Payment (ToP)
OBD2 Creation of Customer Account Group
OBA3 Customer Tolerance Groups
(XD01) Creation of Customer Master
(FD10N) Display Customer Account
(F-28) Incoming Payment Posting
OB61 Define Dunning Area
EC08 Copy Reference Chart of Depreciation (CoD)
OADB Define Depreciation Area
OAOB Assign Chart of Depreciation to Co. Code
OAOA Define Asset Class
AO90 Assignment of Account in Asset Class
OAY2 Determination of Depreciation Area in Asset Class
(AS01) Creation of Asset Master
(AS11) Creation of Sub Asset
(F-90) Asset Purchase Posting
(AFAB) Depreciation Run
(F-92) Asset Sale Posting
(AW01N) Asset Explorer
Useful SAP FI Related Transaction Codes
Organizational Structure
1. Define Company code – OX02 / Copy Company Code – EC01
2. Define / Edit Chart of Accounts – OB13 / Copy Chart of Accounts – OBY7
3. Assign Company Code to Chart Of Accounts – OB62
4. Maintain Fiscal Year Variant – OB29
5. Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant – OB37
6. Define Posting Period Variant - OBBO
7. Open and Close Posting Period – OB52
8. Assign Posting Period Variant to Company Code - OBBP
9. Define Document Number Ranges – FBN1
10. Define Document Types – OBA7
11. Define Posting Keys – OB41
12. Define Field Status Variant – OBC4
13. Assign Company Code to Field Status Variant – OBC5
14. Screen Variants for document Entry – OB71
15. Define Tolerance group for Employees – OBA4
16. Assign User Tolerance Group – OB57
17. Define Business Area – OX03
18. Company Code Global Parameters – OBY6
19. Define Countries – OY01
20. Define Parallel currencies – OB22

Customer Creation and Payments

1. Define Vendor Account Groups – OBD3
2. Define Number Ranges for Vendor Accounts – XKN1
3. Assign Number Ranges to Vendor Account Groups – OBAS
4. Create Recon Account – FS00
5. Define Customer/Vendor Tolerance Group – OBA3
6. Define Payment Terms – OBB8
7. Create Vendor – FK01
8. Post Invoice – FB60, Doc KR, number range 19
9. Make incoming payments (full, partial or residual payments) – F- 53, Doc KZ, number
range 15

Automatic Payment
10. House Bank Configuration – FI12.
Enter Company code and select House Bank tab. Click on the Create bank to create a
new house bank Enter Bank Country and bank key details and click Bank Accounts.
Enter the Bank Account num and the Bank GL account.
11. Payment Program Configuration – FBZP
All Company Codes – Enter Sending and Paying Company Code, outgoing payment with
cash discount from.
Paying Company Code – Enter Minimum amount of Incoming and outgoing payment and
Form for the Payment advice.
Payment methods by country – Select Check will be created, Allowed for personal
payments, Street P.O. box or P.O. box pst code (bank details for Wire transfer) and
RFFOUS_C (RFFOUS_T for wire transfer) as the print (payment) program.
Payment methods by Company Code – Enter min and max amounts and form for
payment transfer. Payment per due day, optimize by bank group or postal code can also
be selected.
Bank Selection – If more than one house bank, ranking order can be given. Under
Amounts, amount available for outgoing payment should be given. Under Accounts,
enter bank-clearing account for bank sub
account.
12. Define Check numbers – FCHI and Void Reasons - FCHV
13. Payment Run – F110
Enter Run Date and Identification and go to parameters tab. Enter Company codes,
payment methods, next pay date and vendor accounts. Go to Additional Log Tab and
select Due date check, Payment method selection in all cases and line items of the
payment documents. Go to Print out/data medium tab, enter variant against the Payment
program and select Maintain Variants. Enter Paying company code, House bank details,
and check lot number. Select Print Checks and Print payment summary for checks and
Print payment advice notes for Wire(enter printer and select print immediately). Also
make no. of
sample printouts to zero. Then execute Proposal, Payment run and Printout. Number
range 20 should be defined.

General Ledger
1. Define G/L Account Groups – OBD4
2. Define Retained Earnings Account – OB53
3. Journal Entry – FB01, F-02, FB50, Document Change / Display – FB02 / FB03
4. Recurring Document – FBD1, FBD2, FBD3, F.56 - Delete
5. Sample Document – F-01, FBM2, FBM3, F.57 - Delete
6. Individual Reversal – FB08, Mass Reversal – F.08
7. Parked Documents – FBV0 – Post/Delete, FBV2- Change, FBV3 - Display
8. FS10N – Display Acct Balances, FBL3N – Display Change Line Items, F-03 - Clear
9. F.19 – Clearing of GR/IR account.

Explain the difference between INVOICE and BILLING in SAP.

Both are same in SD point of view.

- In SD terminology we call as Billing Document and
- In FI terminology we call as INVOICE.
- In MM again only INVOICE will be there for Vendors.

Invoice is document indicating to delivery goods and Billing is a receipt of payment.

If we receive the goods from vendors that is called bill if we give the goods to customer
that is called invoice.

Bill means we have to pay the amount against bill invoice means we have to receive the
amount against invoice.

Invoice is for both : Vendor Invoice and Customer Invoice.

Billing Tcodes:
- VF01 create billing document. The delivery order comes up auto.
- VF02 the billing doc comes up auto . View the accounting enteries

Invoice Tcodes:
- FB60 Create invoice with respect to rawmaterial and tax.
- FB70 Invoice entries with respect to sales and tax

Stock Account - Dr
G/R I/R Account - Cr
Freight Clearing account - Cr
Other expenses payable - Cr

During Invoice Verification

G/R I/R Account - Dr

Vendor - Cr

When the Goods are issued to the Production Order the following transactions takes
place:
Consumption of Raw Materials - Dr
Stock A/c - Cr

When the Goods are received from the Production Order the following transactions
takes place:

Inventory A/c - Dr
Cost of Goods Produced - Cr
Price difference - Dr/Cr
(depending on the difference between standard cost and actual cost)

When the Goods are dispatched to customer through delivery the following
transactions takes place:

Cost of Goods Sold - Dr

Inventory A/c - Cr

When the Goods are issued to a Cost Center or charged off against expenses the
following transactions takes place:

Repairs and Maintenance - Dr

Inventory A/c - Cr

When the Goods are stock transferred from one plant to another, the following
transactions takes place:

Stock A/c - Dr (Receiving location)

Stock A/c - Cr (Sending location)
Price difference - Dr/Cr
(due to any difference between the standard costs between the two locations)

When the stocks are revalued, the following transactions takes place:

Stock A/c - Dr/Cr

Inventory Revaluation A/c - Cr / Dr

When the Work in Progress is calculated the following transaction takes place:

Work in Progress A/c - Dr

Change WIP A/c - Cr

Physical verification /shortages and excesses : Shortages/excesses on authorizations

shall be adjusted using the physical inventory count transaction.
-What is the architectural diagram of SAP FICO? Answer
#2
sap fico r/3 managment is of three tier architecture
where we will be having three layers
1. presentation layer-which inputs the data
2. application layer- which converts the data in to
computer language
3. database layer- which stores the data

and ther are also three types of environments

1. production environ ment
2. quality environment
3.

structural diagram of three tier architecture

diagram cannot be drawn here

CASE STUDY OF SAP FICO IMPLEMENTATION

Enteg Implements ECC 6.0, BI reports at Apollo Health

Street and FI roll out at five of AHS's acquired
companies
Introduction

Apollo Health Street is a leading provider of revenue cycle management solutions to the
healthcare industry. Its solutions encompass a comprehensive suite of back-office
services that span the hospital revenue cycle workflow from patient admission, charge
capture, claims processing and receivables management
Business Requirement

AHS caters to all the health care services of customers (hospitals, doctors, insurance
companies and data management companies) across the globe. AHS with its various
acquisitions had its man power and businesses spread across different countries. In view
of this, it was difficult to manage all the ERP operations with a small soft ware package
which was not robust enough to handle complicated business scenarios.

Also, Apollo Health Street had a fragmented and outdated IT environment with many
disparate systems. There was no central procurement system, payroll was managed by a
Legacy payroll system and there was no HR system. It was clear that a single, integrated
solution was required if AHS had to achieve the major business transformation involved
in modernizing its services. Essentially AHS wanted an appropriate business tool to make
the organization more efficient and effective. They wanted a system which could be used
by managers across the organization to provide online, real-time information as well as
delivering operational efficiency

AHS felt that only SAP could meet its requirements for a corporate. Information system.
Enteg was selected as implementation partner for a managed service to deliver Sap’s end-
to-end Solutions. Enteg was chosen because of its competitive solution proposed to AHS
and its experience in handling the Net weaver and R3 solutions.

Phase I - SAP ECC 6.0 Implementation

The first phase delivered a “blueprint” for business functions Also, Enteg had customized
applications along with HR Support at Apollo Health Street which included

 Attendance Claim Form

 Compensatory Claim Form
 Login ID creation
 Online Reimbursement Application
 Employee Resignation Application

 Finance-Managing its customer billing payroll process and purchasing activities

in companies located in different part of India.
 HR- SAP Net ever Enterprise portal and ESS for its employees
 Requirements of custom built applications in enterprise portal to handle business
scenarios like conference room booking, visa processing, asset management and
tagging.

Implementation Highlights
The challenge to create a template that facilitated rollout without major change was
successfully met. Implementation highlights included
 Implementation of two company codes (one for India and one for the US)
 Implementation of SAP products - SAP ECC 6.0, BI (BIW), Enterprise Portal
  SAP ECC Modules implemented were MM, SD, FI, HR - PA, OM, Recruitment,
ESS, Time management, Payroll, Project Systems
 BI reports developed were 25
 Enterprise portal - Knowledge management, Collaboration rooms, ESS, Custom
developments in EP

There was a team of 12 consultants who implemented the project. The project was for
one and a half years.

After the implementation, AHS could clearly see that whereas payroll and employee
reimbursement was a cumbersome process earlier, it was made easier after the
implementation of SAP.
AHS could also see some of the best reports and analysis on HR module on employee
iterations, reimbursements, customer profitability analysis, cash inflow and outflow.

Business Benefits of Phase I

AHS now had a robust system which can handle the human capital management and sales
processes very efficiently.

Phase II - SAP FI Roll out

The successful implementation of modules of HR and Finance by Enteg was a mile stone
in AHS’s transition to a better ERP functionality. It wanted to further enhance its
operational efficiency by enabling a robust ERP system in its subsidiaries.

It again looked out to Enteg to provide the required enhancements, the reason being:

 Enteg, an existing partner of AHSL understood the environment and culture for
managing the project delivery and change management issues effectively
 Knowledge of existing configurations to carry out required enhancements,
changes and roll outs
 Commitment in earlier projects to ensure that all requirements were mapped and
configured
 Ability to handle complex projects in the past added to the confidence of bringing
in Enteg’s knowledge and experience from previous FI / CO implementations.

Business Requirements of Phase II

AHS used SAP ECC as its operational system for the back office transactions. It wanted
to implement a roll out for SAP ECC 6.0 for the operations in the following group
companies
•Aramanti Inc
•Aramanti LLC
•Zavata Inc
•Zavata India Pvt. Ltd
A FI roll was required for five company codes with customized ABAP reports, automatic
payment program, cross company transaction, document splitting, and asset management,
withholding tax and service tax, contract, sales order billing process, PO process service
sheet process, electronic bank statement, lock box and support

Implementation Highlights

Implementation and support in FICO modules (GL, AR, AP, AA, BANK, TAX, INTER-
CO, MM,) Automatic Payment Procedure, Legal and Management Reporting, Tax
Compliance, I – BANK, Automatic Bank Reconciliation,
Cash Flow Analysis, CO, Planning and Budgeting
,MM,Automatic Procurement, RFQ generation,Vendor Group Management
Purchase Management,Inventory Accounting, and Multi Level Approval Process

The following customized reports were provided

 DepreciationShowing Estimated
 Trial Balance Report
 Customer Balances in USD
 detailsCustomer wise invoicing
 Tax Audit Report GL
 Post closure payment details
 Consolidation of accounts and group reporting using the existing ECC 6.0 system
and BI. BI reports were developed which would have a data for all the companies
in the group.
 A customized legal and management report will also be provided.

The project took 6 months to complete with 12 consultants working on it.

http://www.apollohealthstreet.com/

Industry
Health care
Products and Services
Health care solutions
Revenue
8 crore
Employees
1200
Implementation Partner
Enteg
Key Challenges
To integrate various non-SAP systems into
an integrated SAP system
Solutions and Services
ECC 6.0 and FI Roll out
Existing Environment
Legacy system for managing payroll
Tally for all finance related transactions
Implementation Highlights
Phase I: ECC 6.0 Modules and BI reports
Phase II: FI Roll out for 5 companies of AHS

Business benefits of the implementation

The successful transition to extend functionality across the IT landscapes of Apollo
Health Street’s acquired companies supports all the business processes including finance
and accounting, materials management, production,procurement, human capital
management, asset management and inventory management

CASE STUDY2

Implementation of SAP ECC 6.0 for a petroleum industry

major in Saudi Arabia
The Client

A company in Saudi Arabia involved in secondary distribution and mixing of oil and oil
products, real estate and maritime transportation.

Business Needs & Challenges

The client was looking for a solution addressing the following expectations:
  Understand the legacy environment, analyze the business processes and data
organization as well as integration points and map the client’s business processes
in SAP standard processes
 To implement a solution to facilitate real-time tracking and optimize scheduling
of the company’s automotive fleet and oil tankers
 To optimize the assignment of truck and tanker operators thereby eliminating idle
man-power and faster turn-around for customer deliveries
 To develop a solution for tracking of customer’s blanket purchase orders on SAP,
ensuring elimination of revenue leakage through manual errors and fraudulent
practices
 To develop a custom solution for mapping of the client’s commission
management process on SAP
 To integrate SAP SD and SAP HCM for automatic real-time update of
commissions payable to employees in SAP HCM ensuring an error-proof process
 To develop extensive MIS reporting on profitability of trucks & tankers and
employee performance reports in accordance with company practices and policies
 To develop workflow solutions for streamlining HCM activities, facilitating
compliance of legal and other country-specific requirements

Datamatics Solution

Based on the client’s requirements, Datamatics proposed implementation of SAP ECC

6.0 with the following modules:

 Financial Accounting (FI-CO)

 Controlling (CO – CCA, PCA)
 Sales & Distribution (SD)
 Materials Management (MM)
 Human Capital Management (HCM)

Datamatics provided the services for complete data migration for the application modules
mentioned above along with data conversion strategy before cut-over to productive SAP
system and plan for the change management. The client achieved a smooth and
successful transition to SAP with extensive user training and education about improved
SAP processes.

Benefits
 Dashboard for extensive MIS reporting
 Significant reduction in the delivery time
 Optimization of fleet scheduling
 Real-time tracking of trucks/tankers
 Optimization of driver utilization
 Elimination of revenue leakage through errors and fraud
 Real-time integration of SD and HCM modules resulting in over 25% manual
effort
  Robust process for managing large quantities of spares in racks and shelves
without implementation of SAP WM

Technology

SAP ECC 6.0

 Standard Reporting
 Workflow
 BAPIs
 BADIs
 BDCs
 Enhancements / Customizations
 Dialog programming
 Module pool programming
 Data Dictionary