PHYSICAL LAYOUT OF THE HOSPITAL

Hospitals are the most complex of building types. Each hospital is comprised of a wide
range of services and functional units. These include diagnostic and treatment functions, such as
clinical laboratories, imaging, emergency rooms, and surgery; hospitality functions, such as food
service and housekeeping; and the fundamental inpatient care or bed-related function. This
diversity is reflected in the breadth and specificity of regulations, codes, and oversight that
govern hospital construction and operations.

In addition to the wide range of services that must be accommodated, hospitals must
serve and support many different users and stakeholders. Ideally, the design process incorporates
direct input from the owner and from key hospital staff early on in the process. The designer also
has to be an advocate for the patients, visitors, support staff, volunteers, and suppliers who do not
generally have direct input into the design. Good hospital design integrates functional
requirements with the human needs of its varied users.

The basic form of a hospital is, ideally, based on its functions:

 bed-related inpatient functions

 outpatient-related functions
 diagnostic and treatment functions
 administrative functions
 service functions (food, supply)
 research and teaching functions
Hospital design

No. of beds Land in acres Storey of building

50 beds 10 acres Single storey

100 beds 15-20 acres -do-

200 beds 20-25 acres Double storey

500 beds 55-70 acres 3-5 storey

700 beds 80-90 acres 4-6 storey

6-9 storey
1000 beds 90-100 acres

Building Attributes

Regardless of their location, size, or budget, all hospitals should have certain common attributes.
 1. Efficiency and cost-effectiveness
An efficient hospital layout should:

 Promote staff efficiency by minimizing distance of necessary travel between frequently

used spaces
 Allow easy visual supervision of patients by limited staff
 Include all needed spaces, but no redundant ones. This requires careful pre-design
programming.
 Provide an efficient logistics system, which might include elevators, pneumatic tubes,
box conveyors, manual or automated carts, and gravity or pneumatic chutes, for the
efficient handling of food and clean supplies and the removal of waste, recyclables, and
soiled material
 Make efficient use of space by locating support spaces so that they may be shared by
adjacent functional areas, and by making prudent use of multi-purpose spaces
 Consolidate outpatient functions for more efficient operation—on first floor, if
possible—for direct access by outpatients
 Group or combine functional areas with similar system requirements
 Provide optimal functional adjacencies, such as locating the surgical intensive care unit
adjacent to the operating suite. These adjacencies should be based on a detailed
functional program which describes the hospital's intended operations from the
standpoint of patients, staff, and supplies.

2. Flexibility and Expandability

Since medical needs and modes of treatment will continue to change, hospitals should:

 Follow modular concepts of space planning and layout

 Use generic room sizes and plans as much as possible, rather than highly specific ones
 Be served by modular, easily accessed, and easily modified mechanical and electrical
systems
 Where size and program allow, be designed on a modular system basis, such as the VA
Hospital Building System. This system also uses walk-through interstitial space between
occupied floors for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing distribution. For large projects,
this provides continuing adaptability to changing programs and needs, with no first-cost
premium, if properly planned, designed, and bid. The VA Hospital Building System also
allows vertical expansion without disruptions to floors below.
 Be open-ended, with well planned directions for future expansion; for instance
positioning "soft spaces" such as administrative departments, adjacent to "hard spaces"
such as clinical laboratories.
 3. Therapeutic Environment
Hospital patients are often fearful and confused and these feelings may impede recovery.
Every effort should be made to make the hospital stay as unthreatening, comfortable, and
stress-free as possible.

 Using familiar and culturally relevant materials wherever consistent with sanitation and
other functional needs
 Using cheerful and varied colors and textures, keeping in mind that some colors are
inappropriate and can interfere with provider assessments of patients' pallor and skin
tones, disorient older or impaired patients, or agitate patients and staff, particularly some
psychiatric patients.
 Admitting ample natural light wherever feasible and using color-corrected lighting in
interior spaces which closely approximates natural daylight
 Providing views of the outdoors from every patient bed, and elsewhere wherever
possible; photo murals of nature scenes are helpful where outdoor views are not available
 Designing a "way-finding" process into every project. Patients, visitors, and staff all need
to know where they are, what their destination is, and how to get there and return. A
patient's sense of competence is encouraged by making spaces easy to find, identify, and
use without asking for help.

4. Cleanliness and Sanitation

Hospitals must be easy to clean and maintain. This is facilitated by:
 Appropriate, durable finishes for each functional space
 Careful detailing of such features as doorframes, casework, and finish transitions to avoid
dirt-catching and hard-to-clean crevices and joints
 Adequate and appropriately located housekeeping spaces
 Special materials, finishes, and details for spaces which are to be kept sterile, such as
integral cove base. The new antimicrobial surfaces might be considered for appropriate
locations.
 Incorporating O&M practices that stress indoor environmental quality (IEQ)

5. Accessibility
All areas, both inside and out, should:

 Comply with the minimum requirements of the Indian Government Standards

 In addition to meeting minimum requirements of ADA and/or UFAS, be designed so as
to be easy to use by the many patients with temporary or permanent handicaps
 Ensuring grades are flat enough to allow easy movement and sidewalks and corridors are
wide enough for two wheelchairs to pass easily
  Ensuring entrance areas are designed to accommodate patients with slower adaptation
rates to dark and light; marking glass walls and doors to make their presence obvious

6. Controlled Circulation
A hospital is a complex system of interrelated functions requiring constant movement of people
and goods. Much of this circulation should be controlled.

 Outpatients visiting diagnostic and treatment areas should not travel through inpatient
functional areas nor encounter severely ill inpatients
 Typical outpatient routes should be simple and clearly defined
 Visitors should have a simple and direct route to each patient nursing unit without
penetrating other functional areas
 Separate patients and visitors from industrial/logistical areas or floors
 Outflow of trash, recyclables, and soiled materials should be separated from movement of
food and clean supplies, and both should be separated from routes of patients and visitors
 Transfer of cadavers to and from the morgue should be out of the sight of patients and
visitors
 Dedicated service elevators for deliveries, food and building maintenance services’

7. Aesthetics
Aesthetics is closely related to creating a therapeutic environment (homelike, attractive.) It is
important in enhancing the hospital's public image and is thus an important marketing tool. A
better environment also contributes to better staff morale and patient care. Aesthetic
considerations include:

 Increased use of natural light, natural materials, and textures

 Use of artwork
 Attention to proportions, color, scale, and detail
 Bright, open, generously-scaled public spaces
 Homelike and intimate scale in patient rooms, day rooms, consultation rooms, and offices
 Compatibility of exterior design with its physical surroundings.

8. Security and Safety

 In addition to the general safety concerns of all buildings, hospitals have several
particular security concerns:
 Protection of hospital property and assets, including drugs
 Protection of patients, including incapacitated patients, and staff
 9. Safe control of violent or unstable patients
Vulnerability to damage from terrorism because of proximity to high-vulnerability targets, or
because they may be highly visible public buildings with an important role in the public health
system.

10. Sustainability
Hospitals are large public buildings that have a significant impact on the environment and
economy of the surrounding community. They are heavy users of energy and water and produce
large amounts of waste. Because hospitals place such demands on community resources they are
natural candidates for sustainable design.

PHASES OF PLANNING AND DESIGNING A HOSPITAL

1. FINANCE
2. LOCATION
3. PREPARING THE DESIGN
1. FINANCE:-
An assessment should be made of available finance and possible sources of arranging
finance. Banks such as the industrial development bank of India (IDBI)
2. LOCATION:-
The objective/ purposes of the hospital along with the need of the community to
determine the demand for hospital services identification and location.
Information gathered from the “needs assessment survey” of the community
1) Local cultural practices
2) Climate
3) Population- birth rate
4) Economic status
5) Sources of income
6) Disease pattern
7) Major prevalent illness.
8) Morbidity rate.
9) Mortality rate.
10) Available medical facilities.
11) Average charge of medical facilities.
12) Available of manpower
 13) Status of supportive service such as water, electricity etc
Factor determining the demands for hospitals services:-
1. Morbidity ( include prevalence of disease, accident rates, specific disease)
2. Demographic (include the character of the population such as age group, sex ratio )
3. Socio economic factor ()
4. Hospitals statistics
CATCHMENT AREA:-
1. Urban— a radius of 10-15 km initially may be considered in areas where good transport
is available.
2. Rural— a radius of 20-25 km which could be increased depending on future
requirement.

3. PREPARING THE DESIGN:

Once the location of the hospitals has been decided, the following factors should be
considered:
1) Site selection
2) Legal requirement
3) Size of the land.
4) Plot ratio.
5) Landscaping.
6) Designing consideration
7) Possibility of future growth
8) Color coding.

ORGANIZING OF OPD

Care of the ambulatory patient is the main consideration in the OPD. For maximum efficiency
there must be perfect coordination with the inpatient department (IPD) and the r facilities of the
hospital. The main considerations are:
1) Within the OPD, the physical facilities should be placed such that smooth flow of
operation and easy and quick intercommunication is maintained.
2) Service to common to both the IPD and OPD (radiology, laboratory, blood bank) should
be readily and easily accessible.
 3) Provision of adequate auxiliary department.
4) Installation and review of an appointment systems based on the doctors hours of
working.
5) Detailed review of amenities for patient.
• LOCATION AND PHYSICAL FACILITIES
1.LOCATION
The OPD is the showcase of any hospitals, and reflects its image. It should leave
an independent approach at the hospitals and should 3e on the ground floor for
easy access. Some treatment facilities like radiology, pathology, physiotherapy
and blood bank should be interposed between the OPD and IPD.
2.PHYSICAL FACILITIES AND SPACE REQUIREMENTS
The OPD of a general hospital should have five distinct sections:
1. General facilities.
2. Clinics of different medical disciplines.
3. Supporting facilities such as laboratory and injection room.
4. Pharmacy.
5. Blood bank
3. PLANNING
1. The size of the OPD depends upon the volume of attendance, the clinics provided
and the extent of other facilities such as laboratory, blood bank, and health education
programmed, operating facilities and emergency ward.
2. The size of the OPD also depends on the land available and the location of the
hospitals.
3. The guideline is 0.66 sq. ft per annual OPD attendance.
• The physical facilities may be considered under four groups
1. Public areas.
2. Clinical areas.
3. Administrative areas.
4. Circulation areas.
Allocation of area (in sq. ft) for various utilities
Number of 50 beds 100 beds 200 beds 300 beds 400 beds 500 beds
hospital bed
Public areas 1025 2125 3000 3400 4300 4350
Clinical areas 5655 7105 11205 14695 17525 20815
Administrative 2260 2960 1420 5280 6200 7000
areas
Circulation 3060 3810 5175 6625 7965 9835
areas
Total areas 12000 16000 21000 30000 36000 42000
Wall and 1200 1600 2400 3000 3600 4200
partition areas
(10%)
Gross areas 13600 17600 26400 30000 39600 46200
for total
building.

1. PUBLIC AREAS:
These will include the following
1) Traffic
2) Main Entrance
3) Reception and Information
4) Registration and Records Area
5) Non-clinical Areas
A. Entrance Hall
B. Waiting-Area
C. Public Toilets and Washrooms
D. Snack Bar
6) Consultation Room
7) Special Examination Room
 Medicine ECG 150 sq. ft
ENT Audiometry 120 sq. ft
Psychiatry EEC 100 sq, ft
Eye , Refraction room 160 sq. ft
Perimetry room 120 sq. ft
Tonography room 120 sq. ft
Slit lamp room 120 sq. ft

Orthopedics Plaster room etc 150 sq. ft each room

8) Treatment/Dressing Room - The size will vary from120 sq. ft—160 sq.

2. CLINICAL AREAS:
1. An OPD include surgical, dental, ophthalmic, ENT, maternity, and gynecology,
pediatric, medicine, psychiatric, and emergency department.
2. There are ancillary facilities such as treatment section which minor OT, injection
and dressing room, dispensary.
3. There is also a growing need to institute health education program in
environmental hygiene, family planning.
CLINICAL AREAS ARE CLASSIFIED
A. Clinics for various Medical Disciplines:
1) Medical Clinic
2) Surgical Clinic
3) Orthopedic Clinic
4) Eye Clinic
5) ENT Clinic
6) Dental Clinic
7) Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic
8) Family Planning Clinic
9) Pediatric Clinic
10) kin and STD Clinic
 11) Psychiatric Clinic
B. Ancillary Facilities:
1) Injection clinic
2) Pharmacy
C. Auxiliary Facilities:
1) Laboratory
2) Radiology
3) Blood Bank
4) Health Education
5) Social Service
6) Screening Clinic
7) Preventive and Social Medicine
A. Early diagnosis and detection of tuberculosis, cancer,
rheumatic heart disease.
B. Health education and advice on nutrition and dietetics.
C. Rehabilitation and prevention of handicapped and disabilities.
3. ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS
1) Administrator's Office
2) Business Office
3) Housekeeping
4. STORAGE FACILITIES
1) General Stores
2) Drugs Stores
3) Linen Storage
PLANNING AND ORGANIZING AN INPATIENT UNIT
While planning a ward, the aim should be to minimize the work of the nursing staff and provide
basic amenities to the parents so that his/her stay is made as comfortable as possible.
1. POLICY OF THE HOSPITAL:
2. PHYSICAL FACILITIES
3. STAFF
 1. POLICY OF THE HOSPITAL:
The policy of the hospital will decide whether the hospital will be a general one with all
facilities or specific (super specialty hospital) e.g. neuroscience center.
2. PHYSICAL FACILITIES
1) Location and area:
The inpatient area should be located away from main and the OPD area. It is
relegated to the back to ensure quietness and avoid disturbance and potential
sources of cross infection
Important measurement to keep in mind while designing the ward.
1. The size of a hospital bed is 6’6” X 3’3”.
2. The minimum distance between the center of two beds should be 0.25 m, space at
the foot-end 0.90m, space at the head-end 0.25m, thus the space required would
be 3.15 m, x 2.25 m = 7.09 m2 (75 sq.ft)
3. The area per in a ward is 79-90 sq. ft.
4. The area per bed in an acute ward is 100-120 sq. ft.
5. The area per bed in the ICU is 120-150 sq.ft.
6. A single bed room with independent toilet should have a minimum space of 125
sq. ft.
7. Space between two rows of beds is 5 ft.
8. The distance between two beds should be is 3 to 4 ft.
9. The width of a dormitory should be 20 ft.
10. The size should of an isolation units should be 14 m.
11. Width of the hospitals corridors should be 3 m wide to accommodate two passing
trolleys.
2) SIZE:
The size of the ward or nursing unit varies in different hospitals. Various factor
have a bearing on the optimum size of the unit.
a. Type of the patient
b. Requirement of staff
c. Position of staff
d. Position of the head nurse and ward clerk
 3) SHAPE/DESIGN:
The primary objective of the ward design is to enable the nurse to react to
emergencies with maximum efficiency and minimum efficiency and minimum
physical and emotional stress.
1) OPEN WARD
1. The regular pavilion type of ward was first constructed in 1770 by a man
Frenchmen about 80 years later.
2. The Florence nightingale adopted this design and it is still known after her
name. This ward consists of patient beds in two rows at right angles to the
longitudinal walls the bathrooms and WC.
3. About 30-35 patients were housed in such wards and the length of the
ward was not less than 96 feet.
4. This type of ward was in use till 1925.

Advantages Disadvantages
Nurses have ample Visibility and can A critically ill patient, placed closer to the
observe Danger of cross-infection patients nurse's for maximum attention would lie in the
directly. centre of greatest traffic-density.
There is cross-ventilation.  Danger of cross-infection.
 Noise and lack of privacy.
It is economical to construct and maintain thus. Constant glare which disturbs the patients.
Natural light is available. Danger of cross-infection.

2) RIG'S WARD: the first major development over the above mentioned defects
appeared in rig’s hospital, Denmark and thus the name rigs ward. In this design the
ward unit is divided into small compartment.
• Cubicles separated from each other by low partition.
• cubicles separated from each other by low partitions, each cubicle having 1, 2, 4 or 6
beds arranged parallel to the longitudinal walls
• Disadvantages of rigs ward
1.Communication between the nurse and patient becomes more difficult.
 2.Patients cannot be directly observed by the nurse.
3.Wards are longer; consequently, the nurse has to walk more.
4.More nurses are required.
5.Costly to build and maintain.
• Types of Ward Design
1. Nightingale Ward: - open ward with 20—30 beds.
2. L-shaped Ward: - in this, the nursing station is placed at the 90 degree
junction.
3. T-shaped Ward: - the nursing station is at the vertical arm and the patient
areas are located on the horizontal arm. Serious patient and nurse to the
minimum.
4. Circular Ward: - this design occupies the minimum space and reduces
the walking distance between patient and nurses to the minimum.
4) ANCILLARY ACCOMMODATION:-
Types of ancillary accommodation: -
1. Nursing station
2. Treatment room
3. Clean utility room
4. Ward kitchen/pantry
5. Day room
6. Stores
7. Dirty utility room
8. Bathrooms and toilets
9. Janitors room
5) AUXILIARY ACCOMMODATION: -
A. Duty room for doctors
B. Seminar room
C. Attendant room
D. Side room laboratory
E. Locker room for staff
SUPPLY OF WATER AND ELECTRICITY, AND AIR-CONDITIONING
3. STAFF
1) Medical
 2) Nursing
3) Supportive

SPECIALTY WARD UNITS

1. Postoperative and orthopedic wards
2. Paediatric ward
3. Psychiatry ward
4. Skin ward
5. Infectious diseases ward
6. Obstetrics and gynecology department: - the space needed for the
various are the:-
i. Reception and admission
ii. Examination and preparation room
iii. Labor room
iv. Delivery room
v. Sterilizing room
vi. Sterile room
vii. Scrubbing room
viii. Dirty utility room
ix. Other facilities
 NURSING UNIT: -
1.Antenatal Ward
2.Eclampsia Ward
3.Postnatal or Lying-in Ward
4.Formula Room
 INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: -
Following should be taken in to account while planning & organizing.
1. Location of the ICU
2. Separate isolation rooms
3. nurses station
4. area allocated for patient care (140-200 sq.ft./bed)
5. Beds
6. Wall installation of equipments
7. Adequate lighting
8. adequate ventilation
9. Temperature
10. Relative humidity
11. Noise level
12. Design
  OPERATION THEATER UNIT:-
The location of the department should be
1. Free from general traffic
2. Free from noise & other disturbances
3. Free from contamination & possible sources of infection
4. Protected from solar vr5adiation, wind & dust.
5. Conveniently placed in relation the surgical ward, ICU, Radiology,
Pathology, Blood bank, CSSD, TSSU (theater sterile supply unit)

DIETRY SERVICES
Factors influencing the workload: - various factor influences the workload of the department
and personal required to handle it size of the hospital.
1. Type of institution ( private hospital may a more menu )
2. Design of the hospital
3. Plan of food service
4. Patient-turnover
5. Percentage of modified diet.
6. Use of selective menus.
7. Amount of catering.
8. Purchase of ready-to-use food.

CENTER STERILE SUPPLY DEPARTMENT (CSSD)

1. LOCATION: -
o It varies indifferent constituent and location has advantage and disadvantage.
o The common consideration is that the major uses of CSSD such as the casualty, ward
unit, labour room and OT should be near of have direct and easy access to it.

2. FLOOR SPACE: - In CSSD, the floor space is divided into 6 basic units. Their relative
floor area is given below
1. Clean work-area including sterilization area
2. Sterile storage
3. Equipment storage
4. Fluids, needles and syringes
5. Reception and clean-up area
6. Gloves processing area
A. Reception and clean up area
B. Equipment storage
C. Sterile storage
D. Clean work area
 LAUNDRY SERVISES
1. LOCATION AND SPACE: -
Whether the laundry is the main building of the hospital or in as space one. Or with one
or more of the hospitals support services, its location should be convenient to the user
units.
2. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS AND PHYSICAL FACILITIES:- the design of the
laundry should be that it helps in the following main laundering process:
1. Sorting (counting, weighing),
2. Washing (sluicing, if blood-stained)
3. Hydroextraction,
4. Drying/Flat ironing,
5. Pressing/Hand ironing/folding,
6. Packing.
LABORATORY SERVISES
Cities and very often function as a reference library and forms part of a teaching hospital. At this
level, the laboratory should have most of the units of clinical and morphological pathology.
• Location and Space: - it should be centrally for easy access by clinicians. At the same
time, it must be so situated that future expansion will not be impeded in designing a
regional hospital laboratory, the requirement of space will be based on the services
available, number of specialized units, the level of research to be carried out and possible
future expansion.
• Personnel: - the staff will consist of medical and non-medical professional, both
technical and non-technical. The number will depend on the size of the department and
the workload. The laboratory workload will vary, depending on the population, and the
quality and kind of medical practice in the hospital.
Lay-out Plan of the Dhiraj Hospital
 PHYSICAL LAYOUT OF THE COMMUNITY
Objectives of Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS): The overall objective of IPHS is to
provide health care that is quality oriented and sensitive to the needs of the community.
 Community Health Centre (CHC)
 Primary Health Centre (PHC)
 Sub center

1. Community Health Centre (CHC)

Community Health Centers (CHCs), constituting the First Referral Units (FRUs) and the
district hospitals. The CHCs were designed to provide referral health care for cases from the
primary level and for cases in need of specialist care approaching the centre directly. 4 PHCs
are included under each CHC thus catering to approximately 80,000 populations in tribal /
hilly areas and 1, 20,000 populations in plain areas.
CHC is a 30 bedded hospital providing specialist care in medicine, Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Surgery and Pediatrics. These centers are however fulfilling the tasks entrusted
to them only to a limited extent. The launch of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
gives us the opportunity to have a fresh look at their functioning.
Physical layout/Rooms
a. Inquiry and reception
b. Gyane and Obstetrics OPD
c. Pediatric OPD
d. General Medical OPD
e. Toilets
f. Staff room
g. Treatment room
h. Operation theatre 1
i. Operation theatre 2
j. Labour room
k. Ward
l. Dressing room
m. Emergency ward
n. Radiology department
o. Pharmacy
p. Laboratory

2. Primary Health Centre (PHC)

A typical Primary Health Centre covers a population of 20,000 in hilly, tribal, or
difficult areas and 30,000 populations in plain areas with4-6 indoor/observation beds. It
 acts as a referral unit for 6 sub-centers and refer out cases to CHC (30 bedded hospital)
and higher order public hospitals located at sub-district and district level.

In order to provide optimal level of quality health care, a set of standards are being
recommended for Primary Health Centre to be called Indian Public Health Standards
(IPHS) for PHCs. The launching of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) has provided
this opportunity.
Physical layout/rooms
a. Admission room
b. Labour room
c. Staff rooms 1
d. Staff rooms 2
e. Immunization room
f. Dressing room
g. OPD
h. Toilet
i. Laboratory
j. Pharmacy
k. Operation theatre
l. Store room

3. Sub center:
In the public sector, a Sub-health Centre is the most peripheral and first contact point
between the primary health care system and the community. As per the population norms, one
Sub-centre is established for every 5000 population in plain areas and for every 3000 population
in hilly/tribal/desert areas. A Sub-centre provides interface with the community at the grass-root
level, providing all the primary health care services. As sub- centres are the first contact point
with the community, the success of any nationwide programme would depend largely on well
functioning sub-centres providing services of acceptable standard to the people.

Physical layout/Room
a. Dressing room
b. Injection room
c. Staff room
d. Toilet
e. Office
 THREE TIER SYSTEM OF HEALTH CARE

Three tier system

Teaching Hospital Super specialty Regional Hospitals Tertiary level

Hospitals

District Hospitals
1/1 lakh Pop Secondary level

Community Health Centre

(CHC)

1/30000 Pop
Primary Health Care Centre

(PHC)
1/5000 Pop Primary level
Sub Centre
1/1000 Pop

Village Health Post

Lay out of the Community PHC
 PHYSICAL LAYOUT OF NURSING COLLEGE
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
Building:

The College of Nursing should have a separate building. The college of Nursing
should be near to its parent hospital having space for expansion in an institutional
area. For a College with an annual admission capacity of 40-60 students, the
constructed area of the college should be 23720 square feet.

Adequate hostel/residential accommodation for students and staff should be

available in addition to the above mentioned built up area of the Nursing College
respectively. The details of the constructed area is given below for admission
capacity of 40-60 students:

Teaching Block:

S. No. Teaching Block Area (Figures in Sq feet)

1. Lecture Hall 4 @ 1080 = 4320

2. (i) Nursing foundation lab 1500
(ii) CHN 900
(iii) Nutrition 900
(iv) OBG and Paediatrics lab 900
(v) Pre-clinical science lab 900
(vi) Computer Lab 1500
3. Multipurpose Hall 3000
4. Common Room (Male & Female) 1100
5. Staff Room 1000
6. Principal Room 300
7. Vice Principal Room 200
8. Library 2400
9. A.V. Aids Room 600
10. One room for each Head of Departments 800

11. Faculty Room 2400

12. Provisions for Toilets 1000
Total 23720 Sqr. Ft.
1. Class rooms

There should be at least four classrooms with the capacity of

accommodating the number of students admitted in each class. The rooms should
be well ventilated with proper lighting system. There should be built in
Black/Green/White Boards. Also there should be a desk/ dais/a big table and a
chair for the teacher and racks/cupboards for keeping teaching aids or any other
equipment needed for the conduct of classes also should be there.

Departments: College should have following departments

1. Fundamentals of Nursing including Nutrition

2. Medical Surgical Nursing

3. Community Health Nursing

4. Obstetric and Gynecological Nursing

5. Child Health Nursing

6. Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing

2. Laboratories

There should be at least seven laboratories as listed below:

Nursing Foundations and Medical Surgical

Community Health Nursing
OBG and Pediatrics
Nutrition
Computer with 10 computers
Pre-Clinical Science Lab. (Biochemistry,
Microbiology, Biophysics, Anatomy & Physiology)

3. Auditorium

Auditorium should be spacious enough to accommodate at least double the

sanctioned/actual strength of students, so that it can be utilized for hosting
functions of the college, educational conferences/ workshops, examinations etc. It
should have proper stage with green room facilities. It should be well – ventilated
and have proper lighting system. There should be arrangements for the use of all
kinds of basic and advanced audio-visual aids.
4. Multipurpose Hall

College of Nursing should have multipurpose hall, if there is no auditorium.

5. Library

There should be a separate library for the college. The size of the Library
should be of minimum 2400 sqr. ft. It should be easily accessible to the teaching
faculty and the students. Library should have seating arrangements for at least 60
students for reading and having good lighting and ventilation and space for
stocking and displaying of books and journals. The library should have at least
3000 books. In a new College of Nursing the total number of books should be
proportionately divided on yearly basis in four years. At least 10 sets of books in
each subject to facilitate for the students to refer the books. The number of journals
should 15 out of which one- third shall be foreign journals and subscribed on
continuous basis. There should be sufficient number of cupboards, book shelves
and racks with glass doors for proper and safe storage of books, magazines,
journals, newspapers and other literature.

In the library there should be provision for:

- Staff reading room for 10 persons.
- Rooms for librarian and other staff with intercom phone facility
- Video and cassette / CD room (desirable) -Internet facility.

6. Offices Requirements

(a) Principal’s Office

There should be a separate office for the Principal with attached toilet and
provision for visitor’s room. Independent telephone facility is a must for
the Principal’s office with intercom facility connected/linked to the hospital
and hostel and a computer with internet facility. The size of the office
should be 300 sqr. ft.

(b) Office for Vice-Principal

There should be a separate office for the Vice-Principal with attached
toilet and provision for visitor’s room. Independent telephone facility is a
must for Vice-
principal’s office with intercom facility connected/linked to the hospital
and hostel and a computer with internet facility. The size of the office
should be 200 sqr. ft.
 (c) Office for Faculty Members
There should be adequate number of office rooms in proportion to the
number of teaching faculty. One office room should accommodate 2
teachers only. Separate toilet facility should be provided for the teaching
faculty with hand washing facility. There should be a separate toilet for
male teachers. The size of the room should be 200 sqr. ft. Separate
chambers for heads of the department should be there.

(d) One separate office room for the office staff should be provided with adequate
toilet facility. This office should be spacious enough to accommodate the entire
office staff with separate cabin for each official. Each office room should be
adequately furnished with items like tables, chairs, cupboards, built –in racks and
shelves, filing cabinets and book cases. Also there should be provision for
typewriters, computers and telephone.

7. Common Rooms

A minimum of 3 common rooms should be provided. One for the teaching

faculty, one for the student and one for the office staff. Sufficient space with
adequate seating arrangements, cupboards, lockers, cabinets, built-in-shelves and
racks should be provided in all the common rooms. Toilet and hand washing
facilities should be made available in each room.

8. Record Room

There should be a separate record room with steel racks, built-in shelves
and racks, cupboards and filing cabinets for proper storage of records and other
important papers/ documents belonging to the college.

9. Store room

A separate store room should be provided to accommodate the equipments

and other inventory articles which are required in the laboratories of the college.
This room should have the facilities for proper and safe storage of these articles
and equipments like cupboards, built-in-shelves, racks, cabinets, furniture items
like tables and chairs. This room should be properly lighted and well-ventilated.

10. Room for Audio-Visual Aids

This room should be provided for the proper and safe storage of size 600 sq. ft. for all
the Audio- Visual Aids.
11. Other Facilities

Students’ welfare hall of size 400 sqr. ft. Indoor games hall of size 4000 ft.
Safe drinking water and adequate sanitary/toilet facilities should be available for
both men and women separately in the college in each floor common toilets for
teachers (separate for male and female) i.e 4 toilets with Wash basins. Common
toilets for students (separate for male and female) 12 with Wash Basins for 60
students.

12. Garage

Garage should accommodate a 60 seater vehicle.

13. Fire Extinguisher

Adequate provision for extinguishing fire should be available as per the local bye-laws.

14. Playground

Playground should be spacious for outdoor sports like Volleyball, football, badminton
and for Athletics.
 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF COLLEGE OF NURSING

STAFF ROOM TOILET TOILET NUTRITION LAB

CLASS ROOM

CLASS ROOM LIBRARY

B
A
S
E CLASS ROOM
M
E ground FLOOR
N
T

CLASS ROOM
COMPUTER
CLASS ROOM LAB

PRINCIPAL’S ADMINISTRATIVE DIRECTOR’S

OFFICE OFFICE CHAMBER
EN
 ENTRANCE

UG STAFF A&P LAB STORE OBG DEPT MEDICAL SURGICAL

ROOM PSYCHIATRIC
ROOM DEPT
DEPT
MCH LAB

COMMUNITY
first FLOOR
DEPT

COMMUNITY
LAB

PAEDIATRIC
DEPT

FOUNDATION OF NURSING PG II yr CLASS SEMINAR HALL VP PG I yr CLASS

LAB ROOM CHAMBER ROOM
RECREATIONAL HALL CLASS ROOM

Second floor CLASS ROOM

REFERENCES
1. Basawanthappa BT, Nursing administration, Jaypee brothers medical publishers (p)
ltd 2004, edition 1st , Pp:43- 49, 258-259
2. Bernhard LA, Walsh M: Leadership the key to the professionalization of nursing. 3rd
edition. Missouri: Mosby publishers 1995, Pp:36- 47
3. Gupta M.C.& Mahajan B.K.’ Text Book of Preventive and Social Medicine; Jaypee
Publication, Third Edition, Pp - 416 – 477, 454 – 460
4. IGNOU “Nursing administration and management” New Delhi, 2007.
5. Mary Lucita, “Nursing Practice and Public Health Administration” published by
ELSEVIER units 3 to 13.
6. Marquis L.Bessiel, Leadership roles and management functions in Nursing theory and
application, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins publications 2000 , edition 3rd , Pp:67-
73