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Xfem

The document discusses the development of the extended finite element method (XFEM) for modeling crack propagation without remeshing. It describes how earlier researchers developed partition-of-unity and meshless methods to avoid remeshing, and how Belytschko and Black extended this to 2D problems by incorporating nodal displacements around crack tips. Nicolas et al. further developed the method to model crack growth through asymptotic near tip fields and discontinuous functions, providing a more generalized approach. Later studies extended XFEM to 3D modeling of masonry structures and proposed micro-modeling approaches and methods to embed interfaces within finite element meshes.

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60 views2 pages

Xfem

The document discusses the development of the extended finite element method (XFEM) for modeling crack propagation without remeshing. It describes how earlier researchers developed partition-of-unity and meshless methods to avoid remeshing, and how Belytschko and Black extended this to 2D problems by incorporating nodal displacements around crack tips. Nicolas et al. further developed the method to model crack growth through asymptotic near tip fields and discontinuous functions, providing a more generalized approach. Later studies extended XFEM to 3D modeling of masonry structures and proposed micro-modeling approaches and methods to embed interfaces within finite element meshes.

Uploaded by

Rishi R
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Modeling of crack propagation in the masonry structure with the finite element method is a time

consuming and complicated method because the mesh should be updated to meet the geometry
of the discontinuity (Crack). This process in a finite element method is called as remeshing.
Based on a partition-of-unity, a new technique has been evolved with reduced remeshing called
extended finite element method (XFEM).

[1] Melenk JM, Babuska I. The partition of unity finite element method: basic theory and
application. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 1996; 39:289-314.

Melenk et al. proposed a 1D model based on a partition of unity finite element method to
construct finite element spaces incorporated with local behavior of the solution. It comes under
the category of meshless methods. Thus the complicated meshing process is avoided.

[2] Belytschko T, Black T. Elastic crack growth in finite elements with minimal remeshing. Int J
Numer Meth Eng 1999;45(5):601–20.

Belytschko and Black developed XFEM to simulate the propagation of the crack in a structure
based on the nodal displacements of the element around the crack tip without doing remeshing at
the crack tip. The method shows excellent accuracy up to 2D problems.

[3] Nicolas Moes, John Dolbow, and Ted Belytschko. A finite element method for crack growth
without remeshing. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. 46, 131-150 (1999).

Nicolas et al. developed the method for modeling the crack growth by incorporating the
asymptotic near tip field and the discontinuous Haar function. When compared to asymptotic
function proposed by Belytschko et al., the Haar function provides generalized procedure for
problems involving material non-linearity and three dimensions.

[4] Aref AJ, Dolatshahi KM. A three-dimensional cyclic mesoscale numerical procedure for
simulation of unreinforced masonry structures. Computers and Structures 120 (2013) 9–23.

Aref et al. extended 2D modeling to 3D modeling to simulate the behavior of masonry. Since the
behavior of masonry structure is nonlinear, an implicit procedure is needed to integrate to
achieve the desired convergence tolerance. For highly non-linear problems exists as like in a
masonry structure, the FEM solution encounters some issues in convergence and termination of
the solution at the early stage of the computation. The developed material model with user-
defined subroutine in ABAQUS has remedied the convergence and termination issues.

[5] Kurdo F. Abdulla, Lee S. Cunningham and Martin Gillie. Simulating masonry wall behavior
using a simplified micro-model approach. Engineering Structures 151 (2017) 349-365.

Kurdo et al. proposed a 3D micro-modeling approach to stimulate the behavior of the masonry
under in-plane loads, out of plane loads and cyclic in-plane loads. The model is incorporated
with surface-based cohesion with two yield criteria (shear and tension) and a Drucker Prager
plasticity model to incorporate crushing of masonry under compression.
[6] Foster C.D. and Weed D.A. A new method for embedding predefined interfaces in finite
elements. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 158 (2019) 31-42.

Foster et al. proposed the model embedded with a weak interface within the mesh. The model
allows the discontinuity to propagate along with the weak pre-existing interface within the finite
element mesh. The parameters like friction coefficient, initial cohesive strength, stress intensity
factors and other functions related to material’s energy release rate are included in this method
for developing an interface element.

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