PARAPHRASING)EXERCISE

Bahasa%Inggris 2
FTG
2018
6"Steps"to"Effective"Paraphrasing
1. Reread(the(original(passage(until(you(understand(its(full(meaning.(
2. Set(the(original(aside,(and(write(your(paraphrase(on(a(note(card,(pieces(of(
paper,(Post<it,(or(in(an(electronic(manner.(((Your%rendition%should%be%shorter,%but%
it%should%contain%all%the%essential%elements.%%Some%paraphrases%may%be%as%long%
as%the%original.)(
3. Jot(down(a(few(words(below(your(paraphrase(to(remind(you(later(how(you(
envision(using(this(material.(At(the(top(of(the(note(card,(write(a(key(word(or(
phrase(to(indicate(the(subject(of(your(paraphrase.(
4. Check(your(rendition(with(the(original(to(make(sure(that(your(version(
accurately(expresses(all(the(essential(information(in(a(new(form.(
5. Use(quotation(marks(to(identify(any(unique(term(or(phraseology(you(have(
borrowed(exactly(from(the(source.(
6. Record(the(source((including(the(page)(on(your(note(card(so(that(you(can(credit(
it(easily(if(you(decide(to(incorporate(the(material(into(your(paper.
EXERCISE'1 :'changing'vocabulary/'prhases
What%to%do:
Find%a%synonym%for%the%words/phrases%that%are%underlined.%Re7write%
eachsentence using%these%new%words%or%phrases.%For%example:

More%than%half%of%the%women%who%attended%the%one7day%meeting%were%
inbusiness with%their%spouses.

Possible%answer:
The%majority%of%the%women%who%went%to%the%one7day%meeting%were%
inbusiness with%their%husbands.
EXERCISE'1 :'changing'vocabulary/'prhases
1. Approximately/30,000/students/may/be/assisted/by/the/proposed/“free/
lunch”program.
2. With/the/developmentof flash/memory/cards,/themarket for/portable/
musicplayers jumped/sharply.
3. Although/the/coach’s/strategy/was/a/little/dangerous,/the/team/was/
successful
4. Therefore,/the/effect/was/an/increase/in/student/examination/results.
5. In/addition,/a/strong/typhoon/is/expected/to/batter/the/coast/over/the/next/
fewdays.
6. The/expenditure/needed/to/combat/climate/change/will/require/changes/to/
thefederal government’s/budget.
7. The/engineer/must/judge/how/much/dynamite/to/use/according/to/the/
volumeof material/to/be/removed/from/the/tunnel.
8. Two/of/the/students/were/expelled/for/violatingthe school’s/“no/
fighting”policy.
EXERCISE'2:'Paraphrase'each'sentence
What%to%do:
Paraphase each%sentence.%There%may%be%more%than%one%way%to%rewrite%
each%one.%Remenber to%change%vocabulary,%phrases%and%sentence%
structure%wherever%you%can.%For%example:

Despite%their%massive%size,%elephants%are%known%for%being%agile.

Possible%answer:
Elephants%might%be%huge,%but%they%recognize%as%nimble%animal
EXERCISE'2:'Paraphrase'each'sentence
1. Because)elephants)consume)up)to 500)pounds of)food)a)day,)they)
are)able)to)strip)a)forest)bare)in)no)time.
2. Over)the)centuries,)lions)have)been)used)in)art)to)represent)power)
and)magnificence.
3. Lions)are)social)animals)with)one)dominant)male)in)each)pride.
4. George)Washington)Carver)was)a)dedicated)teacher,)in)addition,)he)
was)known)as)a)talented)artist,)musician,)and)researcher)who)made)
valuable)contributions)to)his)people)and)his)country.
5. Archibald)McLeish,)known)for)his)poetry,)was)appointed)head)of)the)
library)of)congress)by)President)Roosevelt)in)1939.
Exercise(3:(Finding(main(idea
What%to%do:%
Read%each%paragraph%and%state%the%main%idea%in%your%own%words.%If%you%
find%the%main%idea%stated%directly%in%the%paragraph,%be%sure%to%use%the%
paraphrasing%techniques%that%you%practice%in%the%previous%exercise
Exercise(3:(Finding(main(idea
1. There'is'plenty'of'water'on'the'earth.'In'fact,'there'is'enough'water'
in'this'planet'for'everyone'to'have'a'huge'lake.'The'trouble'is'that'
the'water'is'not'always'found'in'the'place'where'is'needed.'In'
addition'much'of'the'water'is'polluted'or'salty.'Because'of'these'
problems,'there'are'many'people'without'sufficient'water.
2. New'oil'supplies'need'to'be'found'to'replace'those'that'have'been'
used'up.'There'is'a'constant'search'for'new'oil'fields.'Oil'hunters'
sink'their'wells'wherever'there'are'signs'of'oil.'Each'of'these'
drillings'costs'thousands'and'thousands'of'dollars,'and'often'there'
is'not'enough'oil'to'make'it'profitable.'Nevertheless,'the'search'for'
new'oil'never'ends.
3. Quakers,+a+religious+group+known+as+the+Society+of+Friends,+have+
always+worked+for+human+causes.+Before+the+Civil+War+in+the+United+
States,+they+were+against+slavery+and+led+the+movement+to+help+
salve+escape+from+the+southern+part+of+the+United+States+and+seek+
freedom+in+the+northern+part.+Today,+they+fight+hunger+and+disease+
around+the+globe+and+still+aid+people+fleeing+tyranny+and+war.+Their+
beliefs+are+based+on+the+principles+of+pacifism+and+simple+living.
Exercise(4:(Quoting,(summarizing,(
Paraphrasing(and(using(citation
What%to%do:
There are two paragraphs%given%in%this%exercise.%You%need%to%quote,%
summarize,%and%paraphrase%both%paragraph%and%use%a%suitable%citation%
technique.%Refer%to%last%week%lecture%material.
1. The&twenties&were&the&years&when&drinking&was&against&the&law,&and&the&
law&was&a&bad&joke&because&everyone&knew&of&a&local&bar&where&liquor&
could&be&had.&They&were&the&years&when&organized&crime&ruled&the&cities,&
and&the&police&seemed&powerless&to&do&anything&against&it.&Classical&
music&was&forgotten&while&jazz&spread&throughout&the&land,&and&men&like&
Bix&Beiderbecke,&Louis&Armstrong,&and&Count&Basie&became&the&heroes&of&
the&young.&The&flapper&was&born&in&the&twenties,&and&with&her&bobbed&
hair&and&short&skirts,&she&symbolized,&perhaps&more&than&anyone&or&
anything&else,&America's&break&with&the&past.&From&Kathleen&Yancey,&
English&102&Supplemental&Guide (1989):&25.&
2. Language&is&the&main&means&of&communication&between&peoples.&But&so&
many&different&languages&have&developed&that&language&has&often&been&a&
barrier&rather&than&an&aid&to&understanding&among&peoples.&For&many&
years,&people&have&dreamed&of&setting&up&an&international&universal&
language&which&all&people&are&simple&and&obvious.&If&all&people&spoke&the&
same&tongue,&cultural&and&economic&ties&might&be&much&closer,&and&good&
will&increase&between&countries&(Kispert,&2004).