02_ch02_pre-calculas11_wncp_solution.

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Lesson 2.1 Exercises, pages 89–94

A

3. Write the absolute value of each number.

a) 15 円15 円 ⴝ 15 b) -7.6 円ⴚ7.6円 ⴝ 7.6

7 72 7
c) 0 円0 円 ⴝ 0 d) - 2 2 ⴚ ⴝ
2 2

4. Determine the absolute value of the number represented by each

point on the number line.
D C B A

⫺3 ⫺2 ⫺1 0 1 2 3

A: 円1 円 ⴝ 1 B: 円0 円 ⴝ 0 C: 円ⴚ1.5円 ⴝ 1.5 D: 円ⴚ3 円 ⴝ 3

5. Use absolute value to determine the distance between each pair of

numbers on a number line. Sketch a number line to illustrate the
solution.
a) -5 and 7 b) -3 and -10
円7 ⴚ (ⴚ 5) 円 ⴝ 円 12 円 円ⴚ10 ⴚ (ⴚ3) 円 ⴝ 円ⴚ7 円
ⴝ 12 ⴝ7
12 units 7 units

⫺6 ⫺4 ⫺2 0 2 4 6 8 ⫺12 ⫺10 ⫺8 ⫺6 ⫺4 ⫺2

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6. Evaluate.
√ √
a) 52 b) 1 -422
√2 √
Since x ⴝ x, Since x2 ⴝ x ,
√ 2 √
5 ⴝ 5 (ⴚ4)2 ⴝ ⴚ4
ⴝ5 ⴝ4

√ √
c) 10.12 d) 1 -11.422
√ √
Since x2 ⴝ x, Since x2 ⴝ x,
√ √
2
10.1 ⴝ 10.1 (ⴚ11.4)2 ⴝ  ⴚ11.4
ⴝ 10.1 ⴝ 11.4

7. a) Determine each absolute value.

ƒ -11 ƒ , ƒ 12 ƒ , ƒ 0 ƒ , ƒ 4 ƒ , ƒ -5 ƒ
 ⴚ11 ⴝ 11 12 ⴝ 12 0 ⴝ 0
4 ⴝ 4  ⴚ5 ⴝ 5

b) Order the numbers in part a from least to greatest.

Show the solution on a number line.
From least to greatest:
0<4<5<11<12
That is, 0< 4< ⴚ5< ⴚ11< 12

5 11
0 4 12

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

8. For each pair of numbers, write two expressions to represent the

distance between the numbers on a number line, then determine
this distance.
3 1
a) -2 4 and 5 4

ⴚ 5 2 and 2 5 ⴚ aⴚ2 b 2 , or 2 5 ⴙ 2 2
2 ⴚ2
3 1 1 3 1 3
4 4 4 4 4 4
3 12 11 21 2
2 ⴚ2 ⴚ 5 ⴝ 2ⴚ ⴚ
4 4 4 4
32
ⴝ 2ⴚ 2
4
ⴝ ⴚ8
ⴝ8
The numbers are 8 units apart on a number line.

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3 7
b) -5 5 and -3 10

ⴚ5 ⴚ aⴚ3 b 2 , or 2 ⴚ5 ⴙ 3
2
3 7 3 7 2
,
5 10 5 10

ⴚ aⴚ5 b 2 , or 2 ⴚ3 ⴙ 5 2
7 3 7 3
and 2 ⴚ3
10 5 10 5
3 7 2 28 37 2
2 ⴚ5 ⴙ 3 ⴝ 2ⴚ ⴙ
5 10 5 10
56 37 2
ⴝ 2ⴚ ⴙ
10 10
19 2
ⴝ ⴚ 2
10
19 9
ⴝ , or 1
10 10
9
The numbers are 1 units apart on a number line.
10

c) 12.47 and -8.23

12.47 ⴚ (ⴚ8.23), or 12.47 ⴙ 8.23, and  ⴚ8.23 ⴚ 12.47
12.47 ⴙ 8.23 ⴝ 20.7
ⴝ 20.7
The numbers are 20.7 units apart on a number line.

9. Order the absolute values of the numbers in this set from greatest to
least. Describe the strategy you used.
1
8.5, -8 3, -10.2, -0.2, 0.1, 9.8
12 1
8.5 ⴝ 8.5 2 ⴚ8 ⴝ8  ⴚ10.2 ⴝ 10.2
3 3
 ⴚ0.2 ⴝ 0.2 0.1 ⴝ 0.1 9.8 ⴝ 9.8
From greatest to least:
1
10.2>9.8>8.5>8 >0.2>0.1
3
1
That is, ⴚ10.2, 9.8, 8.5, 2 ⴚ8 2 , ⴚ0.2, 0.1
3
I determined the absolute value of each number, then ordered
the results from greatest to least.

10. The square of a number is 36. What is the absolute value of the
number? Show your reasoning.

√36 ⴝ √ √36 ⴝ √
2 2
6 (ⴚ6)
36 ⴝ 6 2
36 ⴝ (ⴚ6)2
ⴝ 6 ⴝ ⴚ6
ⴝ6 ⴝ6
So, the absolute value of the number is 6.

11. Evaluate.
√ 1 2
√ 2
a3 b a- 2 b
5
a) 8 b) 6
12 52
ⴝ 23 ⴝ 2 ⴚ2
8 6
1 5
ⴝ3 ⴝ2
8 6

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√ √
c) 19 - 1122 d) 113.5 - 16.122
√ √
ⴝ (ⴚ2)2 ⴝ (ⴚ2.6)2
ⴝ  ⴚ2 ⴝ ⴚ2.6
ⴝ2 ⴝ 2.6

12. Evaluate.
a) ƒ 5142 - 3 ƒ b) 3 ƒ 10 - 15 ƒ
ⴝ  20 ⴚ 3 ⴝ 3ⴚ5
ⴝ  17 ⴝ 3(5)
ⴝ 17 ⴝ 15

c) 10 - ƒ 5 - 8 ƒ d) ƒ 6 + 1 -102 ƒ - ƒ 5 - 7 ƒ
ⴝ 10 ⴚ ⴚ3 ⴝ ⴚ4 ⴚ ⴚ2
ⴝ 10 ⴚ 3 ⴝ4ⴚ2
ⴝ7 ⴝ2

e) 3 ƒ -2 ƒ - 4 ƒ 3 ƒ f) -3 ƒ 4 - 1 ƒ + 2 ƒ 1 - 4 ƒ
ⴝ 3(2) ⴚ 4(3) ⴝ ⴚ33 ⴙ 2ⴚ3
ⴝ 6 ⴚ 12 ⴝ ⴚ3(3) ⴙ 2(3)
ⴝ ⴚ6 ⴝ ⴚ9 ⴙ 6
ⴝ ⴚ3

13. Evaluate.
√
a) 15.1 - 2.322 - ƒ 5.1 - 2.3 ƒ b) 5.1 - 2.3 - ƒ 5.1 - 2.3 ƒ
√
ⴝ 2.82 ⴚ 2.8 ⴝ 2.8 ⴚ 2.8
ⴝ 2.8 ⴚ 2.8 ⴝ 2.8 ⴚ 2.8
ⴝ0 ⴝ0

ƒ 2 - 1 - 82 ƒ
c) d) ƒ 5 - 4 ƒ 15 + 42 - 215 + 42
ƒ 3 ƒ - ƒ -2 ƒ
ⴝ 1(9) ⴚ 2(9)
 10 
ⴝ ⴝ 1(9) ⴚ 18
3ⴚ2
ⴝ
10 ⴝ 9 ⴚ 18
1
ⴝ ⴚ9
ⴝ 10

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2 5 1 3 1 3 1
e) 3 2 - 8 - 4 2 f) 2 1 4 - 2 2 2 - 2 4 - 2 2

22 5 2 7 5 3 2
ⴝ ⴚ ⴚ 2 ⴝ 2 ⴚ 2 ⴚ 2 ⴚ 2
3 8 8 4 2 4 4
22 72 7 10 1
ⴝ ⴚ ⴝ 2 ⴚ 2 ⴚ 2 2
3 8 4 4 4

a b
2 7 32 1
ⴝ ⴝ ⴚ ⴚ
2
3 84 4 4
7 3 1
ⴝ ⴝ ⴚ
12 4 4
2 1
ⴝ , or
4 2

14. Evaluate each expression for the given value of x.

a) ƒ x2 + 6x - 5 ƒ , x = 2 b) ƒ -3x2 + 7x + 1 ƒ , x = 3
ⴝ  22 ⴙ 6(2) ⴚ 5 ⴝ  ⴚ3(3)2 ⴙ 7(3) ⴙ 1
ⴝ 4 ⴙ 12 ⴚ 5 ⴝ  ⴚ27 ⴙ 21 ⴙ 1
ⴝ  11 ⴝ  ⴚ5
ⴝ 11 ⴝ 5

c) ƒ x3 - 5x - 2 ƒ , x = -3 d) ƒ 5x3 + 2x + 7 ƒ , x = -1
ⴝ (ⴚ3)3 ⴚ 5(ⴚ3) ⴚ 2 ⴝ 5(ⴚ1)3 ⴙ 2(ⴚ1) ⴙ 7
ⴝ  ⴚ27 ⴙ 15 ⴚ 2 ⴝ  ⴚ5 ⴚ 2 ⴙ 7
ⴝ  ⴚ14 ⴝ 0
ⴝ 14 ⴝ 0

15. Two integers, a and b, are between -5 and 5. The sum of the
absolute values of the integers is 4. What might the integers be?
How many answers are possible?

Integers between ⴚ5 and 5 are: ⴚ4, ⴚ3, ⴚ2, ⴚ1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

|a | ⴙ |b| ⴝ 4
So, I test all pairs of these integers using the equation above.
Possible pairs of integers are: a ⴝ 4, b ⴝ 0; a ⴝ 3, b ⴝ 1; a ⴝ 2, b ⴝ 2;
a ⴝ 1, b ⴝ 3; a ⴝ 0, b ⴝ 4; a ⴝ ⴚ4, b ⴝ 0; a ⴝ ⴚ3, b ⴝ ⴚ1; a ⴝ ⴚ2,
b ⴝ ⴚ2; a ⴝ ⴚ1, b ⴝ ⴚ3; a ⴝ 0, b ⴝ ⴚ4; a ⴝ ⴚ3, b ⴝ 1; a ⴝ ⴚ1,
b ⴝ 3; a ⴝ 3, b ⴝ ⴚ1; a ⴝ 1, b ⴝ ⴚ3; a ⴝ ⴚ2, b ⴝ 2; a ⴝ 2, b ⴝ ⴚ2
There are 16 possible answers.

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16. When 7 is added to an integer, x, the absolute value of the sum is 12.
Determine a value for x. How many values of x are possible? Show
what you did to solve the problem.
Write, then solve an equation: x ⴙ 7 ⴝ 12
Since 12 ⴝ 12 and  ⴚ12 ⴝ 12,
then, x ⴙ 7 ⴝ 12 or x ⴙ 7 ⴝ ⴚ12
xⴝ5 x ⴝ ⴚ19
So, two values of x are possible: 5 or ⴚ19

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