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Manajemen Sistem Informasi

The document discusses how information systems support business processes and enable new business models. It describes the major types of systems in an organization, including transaction processing systems, management information systems, and decision support systems. It then focuses on enterprise applications that integrate different business functions, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, supply chain management (SCM) systems, and customer relationship management (CRM) systems. These systems allow organizations to share information, coordinate processes, and make better decisions to improve performance. Implementing new information systems can enable changes to business processes and organizational structure.

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Dwi Fuji Zugiyanto
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81 views18 pages

Manajemen Sistem Informasi

The document discusses how information systems support business processes and enable new business models. It describes the major types of systems in an organization, including transaction processing systems, management information systems, and decision support systems. It then focuses on enterprise applications that integrate different business functions, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, supply chain management (SCM) systems, and customer relationship management (CRM) systems. These systems allow organizations to share information, coordinate processes, and make better decisions to improve performance. Implementing new information systems can enable changes to business processes and organizational structure.

Uploaded by

Dwi Fuji Zugiyanto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Manajemen

Sistem
Informasi
SISTEM INFORMASI DALAM BISNIS
Major types of system in organization
Business process and IS

▪ Business processes refer to the manner in which work is


organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a valuable
product or service.
▪ Business processes are the collection of activities required to
produce a product or service.
▪ Business processes also refer to the unique ways in which
organizations coordinate work, information, and knowledge,
and the ways in which management chooses to coordinate
work.
▪ The performance of a business firm depends on how well its
business processes are designed and coordinated.
▪ A company’s business processes can be a source of
competitive strength if they enable the company to innovate
or to execute better than its rivals. Business processes can
also be liabilities if they are based on outdated ways of
working that impede organizational responsiveness and
efficiency.
Business process and IS

▪ Information systems automate many steps in business


processes that were formerly performed manually, such as
checking a client’s credit, or generating an invoice and
shipping order.
▪ New technology can actually change the flow of
information, making it possible for many more people to
access and share information, replacing sequential steps
with tasks that can be performed simultaneously, and
eliminating delays in decision making.
▪ New information technology frequently changes the way a
business works and supports entirely new business
models.
▪ Downloading a Kindle e-book from Amazon, buying a
computer online at Best Buy, and downloading a music
track from iTunes are entirely new business processes
based on new business models that would be
inconceivable without today’s information technology
Systems in an organization

▪ Transaction processing system


▪ System for business intelligence
▪ Management information system
▪ Decision support system
▪ Executive support system
Hubungan TPS dan MIS
Enterprise application

▪ Getting all the different kinds of systems in a company to work together has
proven a major challenge. Typically, corporations are put together both through
normal “organic” growth and through acquisition of smaller firms.

▪ Over a period of time, corporations end up with a collection of systems, most of


them older, and face the challenge of getting them all to “talk” with one
another and work together as one corporate system.

▪ One solution is to implement enterprise applications, which are systems that


span functional areas, focus on executing business processes across the
business firm, and include all levels of management. Enterprise applications
help businesses become more flexible and productive by coordinating their
business processes more closely and integrating groups of processes so they
focus on efficient management of resources and customer service.

▪ There are four major enterprise applications: enterprise systems, supply chain
management systems, customer relationship management systems, and
knowledge management systems.

▪ Each of these enterprise applications integrates a related set of functions and


business processes to enhance the performance of the organization as a
whole.
ERP

▪ Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems integrate business


processes in manufacturing and production, finance and accounting,
sales and marketing, and human resources into a single software
system.
▪ Information that was previously fragmented in many different
systems is stored in a single comprehensive data repository where it
can be used by many different parts of the business.
▪ For example, when a customer places an order, the order data flow
automatically to other parts of the company that are affected by
them. The order transaction triggers the warehouse to pick the
ordered products and schedule shipment. The warehouse informs the
factory to replenish whatever has been depleted. The accounting
department is notified to send the customer an invoice. Customer
service representatives track the progress of the order through every
step to inform customers about the status of their orders.
▪ Managers are able to use firmwide information to make more precise
and timely decisions about daily operations and longer-term planning.
SCM

▪ Supply chain management (SCM) systems help


manage relationships with their suppliers.
▪ These systems help suppliers, purchasing firms,
distributors, and logistics companies share
information about orders, production, inventory levels,
and delivery of products and services so they can
source, produce, and deliver goods and services
efficiently.
▪ The ultimate objective is to get the right amount of
their products from their source to their point of
consumption in the least amount of time and at the
lowest cost. These systems increase firm profitability
by lowering the costs of moving and making products
and by enabling managers to make better decisions
about how to organize and schedule sourcing,
production, and distribution.
CRM

▪ Customer relationship management (CRM)


systems help manage relationships with
customers.
▪ CRM systems provide information to coordinate
all of the business processes that deal with
customers in sales, marketing, and service to
optimize revenue, customer satisfaction, and
customer retention.
▪ This information helps firms identify, attract, and
retain the most profitable customers; provide
better service to existing customers; and
increase sales.
Knowledge Management Systems
(KMS)
▪ Some firms perform better than others because they
have better knowledge about how to create, produce,
and deliver products and services.
▪ This firm knowledge is unique, difficult to imitate, and
can be leveraged into long-term strategic benefits.
▪ Knowledge management systems (KMS) enable
organizations to better manage processes for
capturing and applying knowledge and expertise.
▪ These systems collect all relevant knowledge and
experience in the firm, and make it available
wherever and whenever it is needed to improve
business processes and management decisions.
▪ They also link the firm to external sources of
knowledge
Sistem informasi
dan perubahan
dalam Organisasi
MANAJEMEN SYSTEM INFORMASI
Pengembangan SI dan perubahan
dalam Organisasi

▪ Perubahan organisasi yang mungkin terjadi


dengan adanya SI
▪ Automation
▪ Rationalization
▪ Business process redesign
▪ Paradigm shift
Organizational change carries risks
and rewards
As-is system
Redesign process

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