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Duration of Long Term Memory

Bahrick (1975) investigated the duration of long-term memory by having 392 university graduates match names to photos from their yearbooks 14 and 47 years later. Bahrick found that 90% were able to match correctly after 14 years and 60% after 47 years, supporting the idea that long-term memory can last a lifetime. However, the study only involved American graduates so the results may not apply to other populations. It also did not determine if accuracy decreases over time due to memory duration limits or simply aging.

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86 views2 pages

Duration of Long Term Memory

Bahrick (1975) investigated the duration of long-term memory by having 392 university graduates match names to photos from their yearbooks 14 and 47 years later. Bahrick found that 90% were able to match correctly after 14 years and 60% after 47 years, supporting the idea that long-term memory can last a lifetime. However, the study only involved American graduates so the results may not apply to other populations. It also did not determine if accuracy decreases over time due to memory duration limits or simply aging.

Uploaded by

susi widiyanti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Duration of Long Term Memory

Bahrick (1975) investigate the duration of long-term memory using 392 American
university graduates. The graduates were shown photographs from their high-school yearbook and
for each photograph participants were given a group of names and asked to select the name that
matched the photographs.

Bahrick found that 90% of the participants were able to correctly match the names and
faces, 14 years after graduating and 60% of the participants were able to correctly match the names
and faces 47 years after graduation. Bahrick concluded that people could remember certain types
of information, such as names and faces for almost a lifetime. These results support the multi-store
model and the idea that our long-term memory has a lifetime duration (at least 47 years) and is
semantically encoded.
Evaluation:

Bahrick’s research used a sample of 392 American university graduates and therefore lacks
population validity. Psychologists are unable to generalise the results of Bahrick’s research to other
populations, for example students from the UK or Europe. As a result, we are unable to conclude
whether other populations would demonstrate the same ability to recall names and faces after 47
years.

Furthermore, Bahrick found that the accuracy of long-term memory was 90% after 14 years
and 60% after 47 years. His research is unable to explain whether long-term memory becomes less
accurate overtime because of a limited duration, or whether long-term memory simply gets worse
with age. This is important because psychologists are unable to determine whether our long-term
memory has an unlimited duration (like the multi-store model suggests), which is affected by other
factors, such as getting old, or whether our long-term memory has a limited duration.
Finally, it could be argued that Bahrick’s study has high levels of ecological validity as the
study used real life memories. In this study participants recalled real life information by matching
pictures of classmates with their names. Therefore, these results reflect our memory for real-life
events and can be applied to everyday human memory.
Bahrick (1975) menyelidiki durasi memori jangka
panjang menggunakan 392 lulusanUniversitas Amerika. Lulusan menunjukkan foto-
foto dari buku tahunan sekolah mereka dan untuk foto masing
masing peserta diberi kelompok nama dan diminta untuk memilih nama yang cocok foto-foto.
Bahrick menemukan bahwa 90% dari para peserta mampu dengan
benar sesuai dengan nama dan wajah, 14 tahun setelah lulus dan 60% peserta mampu benar menc
ocokkan nama dan wajah 47 tahun setelah lulus. Bahrick menyimpulkan bahwa orangbisa mengi
ngat jenis informasi, seperti nama dan wajah untuk hampir seumur
hidup. Hasil ini mendukung multi-toko model dan gagasan bahwa memori jangka
panjang kami memiliki durasi seumur hidup (setidaknya 47 tahun) dan dikodekan secara
semantik.

Evaluasi:

Penelitian Bahrick's digunakan sampel 392 lulusan Universitas Amerika dan karena itu
tidak
memiliki populasi validitas. Psikolog tidak mampu generalisasi hasil penelitian Bahrick's popula
si lain, misalnya siswa dari UK atau Eropa. Sebagai hasilnya, kami
mampu menyimpulkan Apakah populasi lainnya akan menunjukkan kemampuan sama untuk me
ngingat nama dan wajah setelah 47 tahun.
Selain itu, Bahrick menemukan bahwa akurasi memori jangka
panjang adalah 90% setelah 14 tahun dan 60% setelah 47 tahun. Penelitiannya tidak mampu men
jelaskan apakah memori jangka
panjang menjadi kurang akurat lembur karena durasi terbatas, atau apakah memori jangka
panjang hanya semakin buruk dengan usia. Hal ini penting karena psikolog tidak dapat menentuk
an apakah memori jangka
panjang kami memiliki durasi terbatas (seperti menyarankan model multi-
toko), yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain, seperti semakin tua, atau apakah memori jangka
panjangkami telah terbatas durasi.
Akhirnya, dapat dikatakan bahwa studi Bahrick's memiliki tingkat tinggi validitas ekologi
sebagai studi digunakan kenangan kehidupan nyata. Dalam studi ini peserta ingat kehidupan nya
ta informasi dengan mencocokkan gambar dari teman sekelas dengan nama mereka. Oleh karena
itu, hasil ini mencerminkan ingatan kita untuk peristiwa-peristiwa kehidupan
nyata dan dapat diterapkan untuk memori manusia sehari-hari.

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