Sample Size Calculator by Raosoft, Inc. http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.

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Sample size calculator

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What margin of error can you accept? % The margin of error is the amount of error that you can
5% is a common choice tolerate. If 90% of respondents answer yes, while 10%
answer no, you may be able to tolerate a larger amount of
error than if the respondents are split 50-50 or 45-55.
Lower margin of error requires a larger sample size.
What confidence level do you need? % The confidence level is the amount of uncertainty you can
Typical choices are 90%, 95%, or 99% tolerate. Suppose that you have 20 yes-no questions in
your survey. With a confidence level of 95%, you would
expect that for one of the questions (1 in 20), the
percentage of people who answer yes would be more than
the margin of error away from the true answer. The true
answer is the percentage you would get if you exhaustively
interviewed everyone.
Higher confidence level requires a larger sample size.
What is the population size? How many people are there to choose your random sample
If you don't know, use 20000
from? The sample size doesn't change much for
populations larger than 20,000.

What is the response distribution? % For each question, what do you expect the results will
Leave this as 50% be? If the sample is skewed highly one way or the
other,the population probably is, too. If you don't know,
use 50%, which gives the largest sample size. See below
under More information if this is confusing.

Your recommended sample size is 221 This is the minimum recommended size of your survey. If
you create a sample of this many people and get
responses from everyone, you're more likely to get a
correct answer than you would from a large sample where
only a small percentage of the sample responds to your
survey.

Online surveys with Vovici have completion rates of 66%!

Alternate scenarios

With a sample size of With a confidence level of

Your margin of error would be 8.80% 5.42% 3.65% Your sample size would need to be 178 221 290

Save effort, save time. Conduct your survey online with Vovici.

More information

If 50% of all the people in a population of 20000 people drink coffee in the morning, and if you were repeat the survey of 377
people ("Did you drink coffee this morning?") many times, then 95% of the time, your survey would find that between 45% and
55% of the people in your sample answered "Yes".
The remaining 5% of the time, or for 1 in 20 survey questions, you would expect the survey response to more than the margin
of error away from the true answer.
When you survey a sample of the population, you don't know that you've found the correct answer, but you do know that there's
a 95% chance that you're within the margin of error of the correct answer.
Try changing your sample size and watch what happens to the alternate scenarios. That tells you what happens if you don't use
the recommended sample size, and how M.O.E and confidence level (that 95%) are related.

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Sample Size Calculator by Raosoft, Inc. http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html

To learn more if you're a beginner, read Basic Statistics: A Modern Approach and The Cartoon Guide to Statistics.
Otherwise, look at the more advanced books.

In terms of the numbers you selected above, the sample size n and margin of error E are given by
c 2
100
Nx
((N-1)E2 + x)
(N - n)x
n(N-1)
where N is the population size, r is the fraction of responses that you are interested in, and Z(c/100) is the critical value for the
confidence level c.

If you'd like to see how we perform the calculation, view the page source. This calculation is based on the Normal distribution,
and assumes you have more than about 30 samples.

About Response distribution: If you ask a random sample of 10 people if they like donuts, and 9 of them say, "Yes", then the
prediction that you make about the general population is different than it would be if 5 had said, "Yes", and 5 had said, "No".
Setting the response distribution to 50% is the most conservative assumption. So just leave it at 50% unless you know what
you're doing. The sample size calculator computes the critical value for the normal distribution. Wikipedia has good articles on
statistics.

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