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Vertical Motion PDF

Vertical motion is movement against gravity. It occurs perpendicular to surfaces. Objects in vertical motion have velocity depending on speed and position. Gravity acceleration is constant downward. During upward motion, velocity decreases until reaching maximum height where velocity is zero, then the object falls. Time and velocity magnitudes are symmetrical during upward and downward motion.

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Junjun Villareal
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488 views20 pages

Vertical Motion PDF

Vertical motion is movement against gravity. It occurs perpendicular to surfaces. Objects in vertical motion have velocity depending on speed and position. Gravity acceleration is constant downward. During upward motion, velocity decreases until reaching maximum height where velocity is zero, then the object falls. Time and velocity magnitudes are symmetrical during upward and downward motion.

Uploaded by

Junjun Villareal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Vertical Motion

Group 4
Vertical Motion
 Vertical motion is referred as the movement of the
object against the gravitational pull.
 It is the motion that is perpendicular to the straight
or flat surface.
 The object in vertical motion has a certain amount of
velocity in it depending upon the speed and position
of that object.
 The gravitational acceleration is always towards the
centre of the Earth and constant, regardless of the
direction or magnitude of the velocity.
Vertical Motion
Vertical Motion
 If an object is moving upwards with some initial
velocity in the vertical direction, the magnitude of
the velocity in the vertical direction decreases until it
stops for an instant. The point at which the velocity is
reduced to zero corresponds with the maximum
height, that the object reaches. After this, the object
starts to fall. It is very important to remember that
the acceleration is constant but the velocity vector
has changed in magnitude and direction.
Vertical Motion
Vertical Motion
 Time symmetry
 The time intervals during the upward motion and the
downward motion are the same, for example it will take
the same time to rise from initial position to maximum
height as it will to drop back to the initial position. The
time interval between the projectile passing the point
and being at maximum height is the same.
 Magnitude of velocity
  The magnitude of the velocity at the same point on the
upward and downward motion will be the same, the
direction will be reversed.
Vertical Motion
Vertical Motion
y = viy•t + 0.5*ay*t2

vfy = viy + ay•t

vfy2 = viy2 + 2*ay•y


Where:
y=vertical displacement vfy=final vertical velocity
ay=vertical acceleration vfy=final initial velocity
t=time
Vertical Motion
 Time symmetry
 The time intervals during the upward motion and the
downward motion are the same, for example it will take
the same time to rise from initial position to maximum
height as it will to drop back to the initial position. The
time interval between the projectile passing the point
and being at maximum height is the same.
 Magnitude of velocity
  The magnitude of the velocity at the same point on the
upward and downward motion will be the same, the
direction will be reversed.
Vertical Motion

Ball A threw vertically upward with


the speed of 10 m/s. 1 second later, from the
same position, Ball B is thrown vertically
upward at the same path, with the speed of 25
m/s. What is the height of ball B when it
encounters ball A.
Vertical Motion
Given:
Initial speed (vo) of ball A = 10 m/s
Time interval (t) of ball A = x
Initial speed (vo) of ball B = 25 m/s
Time interval (t) of ball B = x – 1
Acceleration due to gravity (a) = -10 m/s2 (given
minus sign because the direction of gravity is
downward)
Unknown:
The height of ball B when it encounters ball A (y)
Vertical Motion
vo t + ½ a t2 = vo t + ½ a t2
10x + ½ (-10) x2 = 25 (x-1) + ½ (-10) (x-1)2
10x – 5x2 = 25 (x-1) – 5 (x-1)2
10x – 5x2 = 25x – 25 – 5 (x2-2x+1)
10x – 5x2 = 25x – 25 – 5x2 + 10x – 5
10x – 5x2 – 25x + 25 + 5x2 – 10x + 5 = 0
– 5x2 + 5x2 + 10x – 25x – 10x + 25 + 5 = 0
10x – 25x – 10x + 25 + 5 = 0
– 25x + 25 + 5 = 0
– 25x + 30 = 0
– 25x = – 30
x = -30/-25
x = 1.2 seconds
Vertical Motion
 Time interval ball A in air before it encounters ball
B = 1.2 seconds
 Time interval ball B in air before it encounters ball
A = 1.2 seconds – 1 seconds = 0.2 seconds.
 The height of ball A when it encounters ball B :
 h = vo t + ½ at2 = (10)(1.2) + 1/2 (-10)(1.2)2 = 12 –
5(1.44) = 12 – 7.2 = 4.8 meters
 The height of ball B when it encounters ball A :
 h = vo t + ½ at2 = (25)(0.2) + 1/2 (-10)(0.2)2 = 5 – 5(0.04)
= 5 – 0.2 = 4.8 meters
Vertical Motion
A girl flips a coin into a 50 m deep wishing
well. If she flips the coin upwards with an initial
velocity of 5 m/s:
a) How high does the coin rise?
b) How long does it take to get to this point?
c) How long does it take for the coin to reach
the bottom of the well?
d) What is the velocity when the coin hits the
bottom of the well?
Vertical Motion
A girl flips a coin into a 50 m deep wishing
well. If she flips the coin upwards with an initial
velocity of 5 m/s:
a) How high does the coin rise?
b) How long does it take to get to this point?
c) How long does it take for the coin to reach
the bottom of the well?
d) What is the velocity when the coin hits the
bottom of the well?
Vertical Motion
The equations we need for this
problem are:
1) y = y0 + v0t + ½at2
2) v = v0 + at
3) v2 = v02 + 2a(y – y0)
Vertical Motion
Part a) How high does the coin rise?
At the top of the coin’s flight, the velocity
will equal zero. With this information, we
have enough to use equation 3 from
above to find the position at the top.
v  = v  – 2a(y – y )
2
0
2
0

0 = (5 m/s)  + 2(-9.8 m/s )(y – 0)


2 2

0 = 25 m /s  – (19.6 m/s )y
2 2 2

(19.6 m/s )y = 25 m /s
2 2 2

y = 1.28 m
Vertical Motion
Part b) How long does it take to reach the
top?
Equation 2 is the useful equation for this
part.
v = v0 + at
0 = 5 m/s + (-9.8 m/s2)t
(9.8 m/s2)t = 5 m/s
t = 0.51 s
Vertical Motion
Part c) How long does it take to reach the
bottom of the well?
Equation 1 is the one to use for this part.
Set y = -50 m.
y = y0 + v0t + ½at2
-50 m = 0 + (5 m/s)t + ½(-9.8 m/s2)t2
0 = (-4.9 m/s2)t2 + (5 m/s)t + 50 m
Vertical Motion
Part d) What was the velocity of the coin at
the bottom of the well?
Equation 2 will help here since we know the
time it took to get there.
v = v0 + at
v = 5 m/s + (-9.8 m/s2)(3.7 s)
v = 5 m/s – 36.3 m/s
v = -31.3 m/s
The velocity of the coin at the bottom of the
well was 31.3 m/s. The negative sign means
the direction was downward.

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