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Sections 5.1 & 5.2 Inequalities in Two Variables

This document provides strategies for graphing and solving linear inequalities and systems of linear inequalities. It explains how to graph individual inequalities by determining which side of the boundary line to shade based on the given inequality. It also describes how to solve systems of inequalities graphically by graphing each inequality and finding the intersection of all the graphs, which represents the solution region. Several examples are worked through to demonstrate these concepts and techniques.

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118 views23 pages

Sections 5.1 & 5.2 Inequalities in Two Variables

This document provides strategies for graphing and solving linear inequalities and systems of linear inequalities. It explains how to graph individual inequalities by determining which side of the boundary line to shade based on the given inequality. It also describes how to solve systems of inequalities graphically by graphing each inequality and finding the intersection of all the graphs, which represents the solution region. Several examples are worked through to demonstrate these concepts and techniques.

Uploaded by

Anonymous V0FMxA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sections 5.1 & 5.

2
Inequalities in Two Variables

After today’s lesson, you will be able to


 graph linear inequalities in two variables.
 solve systems of linear inequalities.
 solve applications of linear inequalities in two variables.

1
Strategy For Graphing Linear Inequalities

1. Express the inequality in slope-intercept form (if


it is not a vertical line.)

2. Graph the related equation as the boundary line.


a) If the symbol is < or > , draw the line dotted.
b) If the symbol is  or , draw the line solid.

2
Strategy For Graphing Linear Inequalities

3. Choose a test point on either side of the boundary


line. The point (0, 0) is a good choice, if it is not on
the boundary line. Substitute the values of x and y
into the original inequality.

a) If the statement is TRUE, shade the half-plane


containing the test point.

b) If the statement is FALSE, shade the half-plane NOT


containing the test point (the opposite side).

3
Strategy For Graphing Linear Inequalities

4. Notice, for equations in slope-intercept form:


a) If y < or y , shade below the line.
b) If y > or y , shade above the line.

5. Label the solution set with the original


inequality (label on the shaded side).

4
Graphing a Linear Inequality
Example 1

3
Example 1: Graph the linear inequality y  x  1
4
y

5
Example 2

Example 2: Graph the inequality 3x – 5y ≥ 15.


y

6
Example 3
Example 3: Graph the inequality 2x > 8

7
Example 4
Example 4: Graph the inequality y  2

8
Solving Systems of Inequalities
 We now consider systems of linear inequalities such as
 1
y   x  2
 2
 x  4  y

 To solve such systems graphically means to graph all


ordered pairs (x, y) that simultaneously satisfy all the
inequalities in the system.

 The graph is called the solution region for the system


(or feasible region.)

9
Solving Systems of Inequalities
 To find the solution region, we graph each inequality in the
system and then take the intersection (overlap) of all the
graphs.

 To find the intersection, lightly shade (perpendicularly to


the line) the solution region for each inequality separately.

 Darken in the region where the all of the regions overlap.

 Make sure it is very clear which region is the solution of


the system (your final answer).

10
Example 5
Example 5: Solve the system  1
y   x  2
 2
 x  4  y y

11
Corner Points
A corner point (or vertex) of a solution region is a point
in the solution region that is the intersection of two
boundary lines.
In the previous example, the solution region had a corner
point of (4,0) because that was the intersection of the lines
y = -1/2 x + 2 and y = x – 4.

12
Bounded vs. Unbounded

 A solution region of a system of linear inequalities is


BOUNDED if it can be enclosed within a circle.

 3
 y   x6
4

y 1
x  0

13
Bounded vs. Unbounded

 If it cannot be enclosed within a circle, it is UNBOUNDED.

 y  2x

 y  x  6

14
Example 6

Example 6: Solve the system:


y  x y

 y  x  4

Is the solution bounded or unbounded?


15
Example 7
Example 7: Solve the system

16
Example 7 (continued)

Is the solution bounded or unbounded?

17
Example 8
Example 8: Solve the system and give the coordinates of any
corner points (vertices) formed.

2 y  x  2

 y  3 x  4
 y  1

18
Example 8 (continued)

Is the solution bounded or unbounded?

19
Application

Labor costs for a farmer are $55 per acre for corn and $45 per acre
for soybeans. The farmer wants to spend no more than $6,900 on
labor. Let x represent the number of acres of corn and y represent
the number of acres of soybeans. Write a system of inequalities to
represent the appropriate constraints on x and y. Graphically find
the set of feasible solutions (i.e. graph the feasible region.)

20
Application (continued)

21
Additional Example P. 274 # 40

22
P. 274 #40 (continued)

23

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