8.

CE BOARD MAY 2010 F1 = 16KN

From the give truss, it is made up of guijo

100mm x 150mm. It is subjected to a
vertical load 20 KN acting at C.
Allowable stress of wooden section.
Shear parallel to the grain = 1.0MPa
Shear longitudinal for joints = 1.45 MPa
Compression parallel to the grain= 11Mpa F1 =100(X)(1.0)

Compression perpendicular to the 16000=100x

grain=5Mpa X=160mm

②Minimum length y.
F1 =100y(11)

16000=100y
Y=14.55mm
1) Compute the minimum length of x.
2) Compute the minimum length of y.
3) Compute the axial stress of member
③Axial stress of member AC.
AC.
SOLUTION:
①Minimum length x:

18870 = S(100)(150)

S=1.26MPa

15.CE BOARD NOV 2013

0.75
tanθ = From the figure shown, atruss is subjected
1.2
to loads P1 =14KN, P2 = 14Kn, P3
θ =32°
=14KN at joint C, D, E respectively.
Ʃ FV =0

AC Sinθ + AB Sinθ = 20
AC Cosθ = AB Cosθ
AB= AC
2AC Sin 32° = 20
AC =18.87 KN
F1 = 18.87 Cos 32° Section of diagonal members:
2-angles 75mm x 75mm x 6mm

A= 1858 mm2 F y=248MPa

Cc =
√ 2 ᴫ2E
Fy

r x =23.6mm r y =42mm

1) What is the reaction at A?

Cc =
√ 2 ᴫ 2 (2000,000)
248

C c =126.17<152.97
2) What is the stress (KN) in member
DI? Use:

3) Calculate the allowable load(KN) in 2 ᴫ2 E

Fa = L
2
member DI. 23 ( )
r
SOLUTION:
F a =12 ᴫ 2 (2000000) /23( 152.97 =44.
①Reaction at A. ¿ ¿2
01MPa
R A = RB
P=A F a

P=1858(44.01)

P=81774N

P=82KN

2. CE BOARD MAY 2013

2 R A =14(3) The figures show portable seat braced by a

cable FG. The permissible tension in the
R A =21KN cable is 1800KN. Surface C,A and E are
frictionless.
②Streass(KN) in ember DI.

3
tanθ= Ʃ F v =0
2

θ=56.31° DI Sinθ+14=21

DI=6.41 KN

③Allowable load (KN) in member DI.

L 3610
=
r 23.6 1) What load (W) can the seat safely
carry?

2) If W=1500N, what is the reaction at C

L
=152.97
r 3) If W=1500N, what is the reaction at A
 SOLUTION:①Max. weight W that can be (360−0.2W )(0.6)
0.2W=
supported 0.3

0.10W=360 - 0.2W

0.3W = 360

W = 1200N

②Reaction at C when W = 1500N

360−0.2 W
Cy =
0.3

360−0.2(1500)
Cy =
0.3
Ʃ M E =0
C y =200KN (this will not over stress the
0.6 R A =W(0.4) cable)
2
RA = W ③Reaction at A when W = 1500N
3
2
ƩF V =0 RA = W
3
R A + R E =W 2
RA = (1500) =1000N
3
2
W + R E =W
3 29.CE BOARD MAY 2013
1 From the figure shown, atruss is subjected
RE = W
3 to loads P1 =14KN, P2 = 14Kn, P3
ƩM B =0 =14KN at joint C, D, E respectively.

C y (0.3) + R A (0.3) = 1800(0.2)

2
0.3 C y + W (0.3) = 360
3

360−0.2 W
Cy =
0.3

Section of diagonal members:

2-angles 75mm x 75mm x 6mm

A= 1858 mm2 F y=250MPa

r x =23.6mm r y =34mm
ƩM D =0
1) What is the reaction at A?
0.2W= C y (0.6)
2) What is the stress (KN) in member
GD?
 3) Calculate the allowable load(KN) in
member GD.
Cc =
√ 2 ᴫ 2 (2000,000)
248

SOLUTION: C c =126.17<152.97

①Reaction at A Use:
2
2ᴫ E
Fa = L
2
23 ( )
r

F a =12 ᴫ 2 (2000000) /23( 152.97 =44.

¿ ¿2
01MPa

R A = RB P=A F a

2 R A =14(3) P=1858(44.01)

R A =21KN P=81774N

②Stress(KN) in member GD. P=82KN

3 13.CE BOARD MAY 2017

tanθ= Ʃ F v =0
2
The truss shown is on hinged at support B. It
θ=56.31° GD Sinθ+14=21 is subjected to a lateral load H=12 KN.

GD=8.41 KN

③Allowable load(KN) in member GD.

1) Determine the reaction at A.

L 3610
=
r 23.6 2) Determine the force in member AE.
L
=152.97 3) Determine the reaction at B.
r
SOLUTION:
Cc =
√ 2 ᴫ2E
Fy ①Reaction at A
 ③Reaction at B.
RBx =12

RBy =6

RB = √(12)2+(6)2
RB =13.4KN

20 CE BOARD NOV. 2012

A cantilever truss is pin-connected at joint D
Ʃ M B =0 and is supported by a roller at G. Spacing of
trusses in 3m. If the wind load is 1.44KPa
7 R A =12(3.5)
1)Determine the horizontal reaction at
R A =6KN
hinged support.
②Force in member AE. 2) Determine the stress of member AB.
3) Determine the stress of member BE.

SOLUTION:
①Horizontal reaction at the hinged support.
3.5
tanθ =
5.5
θ =32.47°
0.75
tanß =
1.2
ß=66.8°

Ʃ F H =0

AE Cos 32.47° = AC Cos 66.80°

AC = 2.142EA

Ʃ FV =0

AC Sin66.80° + AE Sin32.47°+6 1.6

tan θ =
2.4
2.142EA Sin66.80° = AE Sin32.47°+6
θ = 33.69°
AE=4.2KN
Distance AB:
AB Cos θ = 0.8
AB = 0.96
Tributary Area
A = 0.96(3) BE = 0
A = 2.88 28. CE BOARD MAY 2013
Joint load:
The transmission tower is subjected to
P = 2.88(1.44) lateral forces as shown.
Given:
P = 4.15KN a= 2.55m
b=1.8m
Horizontal reaction ay hinged support.
c=1.8m
Ʃ M D =0 d=1.5m
F1=3KN
1.6 RG = 2.08(2.88)+4.15(1.92)+4.15(0.96) F2=5KN
1.6 RG = 17.94KN F3=7KN

R D =11.21KN 1) Find the resultant reaction at support A.

2) What is the resultant reaction at support
B?
②Stress of member AB. 3) What is the force at member FJ?

AB Sin θ = 2.08 Cos θ

2.08 cos 33.69°
AB =
sin33.69 °
AB = 3.12KN (tension)

SOLUTION:
①Resultant reaction at support A.
③Stress on member BE.

AE=2.08SinꝊ+3.12Cos33.69°
AE=3.75KN
 A y ()(2) 2.55
Ʃ MB = 0
= 3(5.4)+5(3.6)+7(1.8)
A y = 9.18KN

Ax = 0
R A = √ (9.18)2 +(0)2
R A = 9.18KN

②Resultant reaction at support B.

Ʃ MC = 0

Ʃ Fv = 0 (DF) Sin Ꝋ (3.9) + 9.18 (0.6 + 3.9)

Ay = By -15(1.8)+9.18(0.6)=0

B y = 9.18KN (DF) Sin(71.57°)(3.9)=-19.818

DF=-5.36KN
B x = 3+5+7
DF=5.36 (C)
BX =15KN

RB = √ (15)2+(9.18)2
RB = 17.59KN At Section B-B:

③Force in member FJ:

1.35
tanα =
1.8
α = 36.87

β = 90-Ꝋ
3 (1.8)
tanθ = β = 90 – 71.57°
1.8
θ = 71.57° β = 18.43°

At Section A-A: Ʃ ME = 0

FJCosα(2.7)+FDCosβ(2.7)+3(1.8)=0
FJ Cos (36.87)(2.7)+(-5.36)Cos(18.43)
(2.7)+3(1.8)=0
FJ=3.85KN
2. CE BOARD NOV. 2008
From the given cantilever truss shown
which is aupported by a hinged at A and a
roller at B.

Ʃ M D =0

2.4 T 1 =10(2.4)

1) Compute the reaction at A. T 1 =10N

2) Compute the force at bar❶
3) Compute the force at bat❸ ③Force at bat❸

SOLUTION:

2
tanθ =
4.8
θ = 22.62°

①Reaction at A. Ʃ Fv = 0
C3 Sin 22.62°+ T 2 Sin45=10
Ʃ M B =0
Ʃ Fh = 0
RB (4.4)=10(2.4)(3)
10+ T 2 Cos45= C3 Sin22.62
RB =16.36N
10- T 2 Cos45= C3 Sin22.62
Ʃ Fh =0
20= C3 Cos22.62+ C3 Sin22.62
R AH = RB
C3 =15.29N
R AH =16.36N

Ʃ Fh =0 CE Board November 2015

Diagonals CF, CH, GB, and GD are
R AH =10N flexible cables.
Given:
RA = √(10)2+(16.36)2 P1 = 1.5 kN P2 = 0 kN
P3 = 0 kN F = 1.0 kN
R A =19.17N Dimensions:
H = 3m S3 = S4 = 2.25m
②Force bar ❶ S1 = S2 = 3m
 and E and a 1200 N load at J directed as shown.
Find the reaction at G, on member AH and JD.

Solution:

What is the force in member HE, in cable GD Reaction at G:

and GH in kN? ∑ MA =0

Solution:
∑ME =0
7.5 R1 = 1.5(10.5) + 1.0(3)
7.5 R1 = 18.75 kN
R1 = 2.5 kN 480(21) + 480(42) +
983(31.5) – 688.3(31.5 tan 25 ‫ )ﹾ‬- RG (63) = 0
3 RG (63) = 51,093 N
tan θ = ;θ=
2.25
53.13 ‫ﹾ‬ RG = 811 N
∑ FV =0
R1 + R2 = 1.5 Force acting on
member AH:
2.5 + R2 = 1.5
R2 = -1.0 ∑ FV = 0
AV + 811 =
480 + 480 + 983
A V = 1132 N

∑ FV =0 Consider Joint A:
F HE sin 53.13 = ‫ﹾ‬ ∑ FV = 0
1.0 S AH sin 25 1132 = ‫ﹾ‬
F HE = 1.25 (T)
S AH = 2678.5 N (C)
For the force in cable
GD:
∑ FV = 0 Consider the lef
FGD sin 53.13 1.0 = ‫ﹾ‬
section of 1-1 as
FGD = 1.25 kN FBD
∑ MA =0
For the force in member GH:
480(21) = S CD
∑ MD =0 (31.5) sin θ
FGH (3) + 1(2.75) = 1(3) S ID sin θ = 320
FGH = 0.25 kN

CE Board May 2003 Consider the right section of 2-2 as FBD:

A plane truss as shown in the figure is
acted upon by 480 N downward load at joints C
∑ MG = 0
 S JD (31.5) - S ID (sin θ)(31.5) – 480(21) =
0
S JD (31.5) – 320(31.5) – 480(21) = 0
S JD = 640 N (T)

1) Determine the reaction at D.

2) Determine the reaction at A

3) Determine the force in member BE.

SOLUTION:

①Reaction at D
REVIEWER PROBLEMS
Ʃ M A =0
❶ From the figure shown.
(6) D y +400(8)=500(3)

D y =-283.33 KN
 D y =283.33↓ BC Sin45=116.66

②Reaction at A BC=164.99KN

Ʃ Fv = 0 Ʃ Fh = 0

Ay + B y =500KN BE= BCCos 45

A y +(-283.33)=500KN BE= 164.99 COS 45

A y =783.33KN BE=116.66KN

Ʃ Fh = 0
A x = 400KN

RA = √A y
2
+ A x2
❷The figure shows a truss which is pin
RA = √(783.33)2+( 400)2 connected at C and supported by a roller at
R A =879.55KN D. It carries a vertical loads of 200KN and
100KN at joints A and E respectively.
③Force in member BE.

Joint A

Ʃ Fh = 0 1) Calculate the force in member DE.

5 2) Calculate the force in member BE.
AE =400 3) Calculate the force in member BC.
√(5) +(3)2
2

SOLUTION:
AE=777.46KN
①Force in member DE.
Ʃ Fv = 0
5
AB+AE = Ay
√(5) +(3)2
2

5
AB+777.46 =783.33
√(5) +(3)2 2

AB=116.66KN
6
tanθ =
9
θ = 33.69°

Ʃ F v =0

AB Sin33.69° = 200
At joint B
AB=360.56KN
Ʃ Fv = 0
Ʃ Fh =0

AE =360.56 Cos 33.69°

AE=300KN

DECos33.69°=300

DE=360.55KN (compression)

②Force in member BE Ʃ F v =0

Ʃ F v =0 BC Cos33.69° = 525

DE Sin33.69°+100=BE BC=630.97KN

BE=360.55 Sin 33.69°+100

BE=300KN

③Force in member BC.

❸From the figure shown.

ƩM C =0

R1 (4)=200(0) +100(3)

R1 =300KN

R3 =200+100 1) Calculate the force in member AB of

the truss shown.
R3 =300KN 2) Calculate the force in member CD.
3) Calculate the force in member BD.
R1=R2 .
SOLUTION:
R2 =525KN ①Force in member AB of the truss shown

ƩM A =0

D y (4)=600(2) +300(5)

D y =675KN

A y =675KN

At pin A:
Ʃ Fv = 0
1) Determine the largest allowable
AB Sin50=675
value for angle θ if the magnitude of
AB=881.15KN (T) the force in member BC is not
exceed 5P
②Force in member CD. 2) If θ=30° and BC=300K, find P.
Ʃ Fh = 0 3) If P=100KN and θ=30°, find AC.

300=CD Cos 65.09 SOLUTION:

CD=712.26KN ①Largest allowable value for angle θ if the

magnitude of the force in member BC is not
③Force in member BD. exceed 5P
Ʃ Fv = 0

BC=CD Sin 65.09

BC=646KN (T)
At Joint B.

Assume AB=10

ƩM A =0

BC(10)=2P(x) + P(x+y)
x
tanθ =
10
Ʃ Fv = 0 x=10tanθ
BD Sin40.74+646=881.15 Sin 50° x+y
tan2θ =
10
BD=44.44KN (C)
x+y=10tan2θ
5P(10)=2P(10) tanθ + P(10 tan2θ)
❹From the given shown, A, B, C and D are
all pin-connected It carries a vertical load of 5=2 tanθ+ tan2θ
2P at joint C and P at joint D.
2tanθ
5=2 tanθ+
1−tan 2 θ

5(1-2 tan 2 θ )=2 tanθ(1- tan 2 θ)+2 tanθ

5-5 tan 2 θ=2 tanθ-2 tan 3 θ+2tanθ

5-5 tan 2 θ=4tanθ-2 tan 3 θ ③If P=100KN and θ=30°, find AC.

Let x= tanθ AC=2.31P

5-5 x 2 =4x-2 x 3 AC=2.31(100)

2 x 3 -5 x 2 -4x+5=0 AC=231KN (compression)

Assume x = 0.753(trial and error)

2 (0.753)3 -5 (0.753)2 -4(0.753)=-5

-5=-5
Use x =0.753
tanθ=0.753
θ=37°
②If θ=30° and BC=300K, find P.

❺From the figure below.

1) Compute the force in member DJ

2) Compute the force member DE
CP=300+AC Cos 60° 3) Compute the force in member EF

2P=AC Sin60° SOLUTION:

①Force in member DJ
AD Sin 30°=P
CP=AD Cos30°
CP=2P cos30°
CP=300=AC Cos60°
2P
AC+
sin60 °
AC=2.31P
1.732=300+AC Cos60°
1.732=300+AC 0.5AC ƩM A =0
1.732=300+AC 0.5(2.31P)
G y (4)=2000(4) +2000(8)+2000(12)
P=520KN
G y =3000KN
 ƩF v =0

A y + G y =6000

A y +3000=6000

A y =3000N
ƩF v =0
Cutting Section a-a shown in the figure:
EF Cos36.87°=DE

EF Cos36.87°=4000

EF=5000N

❻From the given truss shown, it supported

by a hinged A and a roller E.

3
tanθ =
4
θ = 36.87°

ƩF v =0

DJ Sin36.87°+3000=2000+2000
1) Determine the force of member EF.
DJ=1666.66N
2) Determine the force of member AF.
②Force in member DE.
3) Determine the force of member BF.

SOLUTION:

①Force of member EF.

ƩM H =0

G y (4)=DE(3)

3000(4)=DE(3) ƩM A =0

DE=4000N 12 R 1 =8(9)+1.5(4)

③Force in member EF. R1 =6.5KN

4
tanθ =
3
θ = 53.13°
DESin53.13°=6.5
DE=8.125
EF=8.125Cos53.13°
EF=4.875KN (tension)
②Force of member AF.

ƩM E =0 1) Compute the force of member DE.

2) Compute the force of member FE.
12 R 2 +4 R3 +8(3) 3) Compute the force of member BC.

R1 + R2=8

R2 =8-6.5=1.5

12(1.5)+4 R3 =8(3)
R3 =1.5KN

6
tanα=
4 SOLUTION:
①Force of member DE.

α=56.31°

At section a-a.

ƩM F =0
AF Sin56.31°=1.5
DE(4)= 4 (12 )
AF=1.8KN (tension)
DE=12KN
③Force of member BF
AB-1.8Cos56.31°=1.5 ②Force of member FE.

AB=2.5KN ƩF v =0

CB Sin56.31°=2.5 FE Sinθ=4KN
CB=3.125
4
tanθ=
BF+1.5=3.125Cos56.31° 12

BF=0.375KN (tension) θ=18.43°

FESin18.43°=4
❼From the figure shown.
FE=12.65KN

③Force of member BC.

 At joint A

1
tanθ=
3
ƩM F =0
θ=18.43°
BC(4)=4(12)+6(9)+8(6)
ƩF y =0
BC=25.61KN
ABSinθ+ACSinθ=50

AB Sin18.43°+ACSin18.43°

=50
❽From the given cantilever truss shown.
50
AB+AC=
sin15.43 °

AB+AC=158.15

ƩF x =0

AC Cos18.43°=AB Cos18.43°+50

1) Determine the force in member AC. AC Cos18.43°-AB Cos18.43°=50

2) Determine the force in member AB. 50

AC-AB=
sin18.43 °
3) Determine the force in member BD.
AC-AB=52.70
SOLUTION:
AC+AB=158.15
①Force in member AC.
2AC=210.85

AC=105.4KN

②Force in member AB.

AB+105.4=158.15
T=50KN
AB=52.75KN
ƩF x =0
③Force in member BD
A x =T=50KN

ƩF y =0

A y =50KN
 F EHv - RBv =0

=1112N compression

F EHh =(2)(1112N)

=2224N

ƩM C =0 F EH = √F 2
+ F EHh2
EHv

(BD Cos18.43°)(2)+ A x (1)=T(2)+ A y (3) = √(1112)2 +(2224)2

(BD Cos18.43°)(2)+50(1)=50(2)+50(3)
=2487 N compression
BD=105.41KN

❾The force in member HE from the truss

❿Determine the forces of the roof truss
shows is most nearly.
shown in the figure.

ƩM A =0

(2224)(6) SOLUTION:
R Ev =
12

=1112N ƩM D =0

2x R A =450x

R A =225N

ƩF y =0
 ƩM A =0
ƩF V =0
2x V D =450x+(450Sin30)(2x)
F BC =450N
V D =225N
ƩF V =0
ƩF H =0
FCD =389.71N
H D =450cos30=389.71KN
At JOINT B
At joint A

ƩF V =0
ƩF V =0
F BD cos 30 =450cos30+450cos30
F AB Sin30=225
F BD =900N
F AB =450N
ƩF V =0
ƩF H =0
F BD sin30 =450sin30+450sin30
F AB Sin30=225
F BD =900N
F AB =450N
AT JOUNT D
ƩF H =0

F AC = F AC cos30=450cos30

F AC =389.71KN

At Joint C
450=900sin30

450=450

ƩF V =0

900 cos 30 =389.71+389.71

779.42=779.42

SOURCE
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