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The Laws of Exponents

The laws of exponents allow for simplifying expressions involving exponents. The first law states that when the bases are the same, you add the exponents. The second law says to multiply the exponents when raising a power to another power. The third law multiplies the exponents when the same base has separate exponents. The fourth law defines fractional and zero exponents. The fifth law explains how to raise fractional expressions to a power by raising both the numerator and denominator to that power. The sixth law defines negative exponents as reciprocals.

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Amhie Reyes Calderon
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421 views1 page

The Laws of Exponents

The laws of exponents allow for simplifying expressions involving exponents. The first law states that when the bases are the same, you add the exponents. The second law says to multiply the exponents when raising a power to another power. The third law multiplies the exponents when the same base has separate exponents. The fourth law defines fractional and zero exponents. The fifth law explains how to raise fractional expressions to a power by raising both the numerator and denominator to that power. The sixth law defines negative exponents as reciprocals.

Uploaded by

Amhie Reyes Calderon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE LAWS OF EXPONENTS

First Law of Exponents: Fourth Law of Exponents:


If a, m, and n are real numbers, If a ≠ 0 and a, m and n are real numbers
aman = am+n
Remember: Add exponents when the am-n, if m > n
bases are the same. an 1 ,
m n-m if m < n
a a
Examples: a0 = 1, if m = n
a. 37 ● 38 = 37+8 = 315 Examples:
b. x9 ● x4 ● x2 = x9+4+2 = x15 a. 50 = 1
c. (a+b)5 ● (a+b) = (a+b)5+1 = (a+b)6 b. x0 = 1
c. (5x)0 = 1
Second Law of Exponents: d. 5x0 = 5 ● x0 = 5 ● 1 = 5
If a, m, and n are real numbers,
(am)n = amn Fifth Law of Exponents:
Remember: To find a power of a power, If a, b and m are real numbers and b ≠ 0
multiply the exponents. a m am
b bm
Examples: Remember: To raise a fractional expression to a power,
a. (54)2 = 54●2 = 58 raise each term of the fractional by the same power.
b. (x7)9 = x7●9 = x63
c. [(2+b)2]3 = (2+b)6 Examples:
a. x 3 x3 b. 3 4 34 81
Third Law of Exponents: y y3 m m4 m4
3 5 4 3●4 5 ●4
If a, b, and m are real numbers, c. x y x y x12y20
(ab)m = ambm 2z 4
2z 4 16z4

Examples: Sixth Law of Exponents:


a. (xy)4 = x4y4 If a ≠ o, then a-m = 1
b. (3a)2 = 32a2 = 9a2 am
c. (u2v3)4 = (u2)4(v3)4 = u8v12 Examples:
a. (x-4)3 = x-12 = 1 b. t3 ● t-5 = t3+(-5) = t3-5 = t-2 = 1
x12 t2

Simplify each expression:


1. m4 ● m3 = __________________ 6. (a3b2)(ab3) = _______________
2. n ● n9 = ___________________ 7. (4a2b3)(2ab6) = _____________
3. x3 ● x4 ● x = _______________ 8. (3k4)(-2k4j) = _______________
4. y5 ● y10 ● y8 = ______________ 9. 2y2(-3xy)2 = _____________________
5. (x3y)(xy2) = ________________ 10. (r3)2(2qr)3 = ___________________
11. x8 13. y2 15. 1
x3 y4 s-4
12. x4y-3 14. a4b7c2
xy2 ab4c3

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