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Values and Virt-Wps Office

This document discusses values and virtues. It defines values as objects of human desire and striving that help provide meaning and guide decision making. Values are classified as intrinsic/instrumental and accidental/natural. Virtues are good habits that allow people to perform functions well, and are classified as intellectual, moral/cardinal, and theological. The cultivation of virtues is important for conforming to moral law through right actions based on knowledge and freedom. Virtues are related to the values one considers important in life.

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461 views3 pages

Values and Virt-Wps Office

This document discusses values and virtues. It defines values as objects of human desire and striving that help provide meaning and guide decision making. Values are classified as intrinsic/instrumental and accidental/natural. Virtues are good habits that allow people to perform functions well, and are classified as intellectual, moral/cardinal, and theological. The cultivation of virtues is important for conforming to moral law through right actions based on knowledge and freedom. Virtues are related to the values one considers important in life.

Uploaded by

jhell dela cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VALUES AND VIRTUES

"Because we no longer know what is good,we know longer know how to choose"

Introduction.

Values are intimately related to us because they propel our drive to find meaning in our existence. Values
help us to aspire and to reach our ambition in life. Without values, our propensity to assign and sense
and meaning to our human experience may become undirected,including business transactions and the
life of people in the corporate world.

In this book,EThics: The Philosophical Discipline of Action (1999)

1. Values are the objects of human desire and striving. They are also the subjective assessment of a
particular object insofar as it is good.

2.Values are our beliefs,those beliefs which we hold to be true and therefore values affect our
thoughts,descisions and actions.

3.Values also refer to things,persons,ideas or goals which are important to life. Thus,they refer to our
ideals and our principles by which we live. Values therefore are those which we like,approve,enjoy and
esteem.

Classifications of Values

1.Intrinsic and Instrumental Values.

Intrinsic values are those which are considered as values in themselves while Instrumental Values are
those considered as good because of their worth to us and to others.

2. Accidental and Natural Values

Accidental Values are subject to variability,temporality and impermanence while Natural Values are
those that are permanent in human nature.

3.Primary and Secondary Values. The former refers to values that are chose.,acted upon and are
necessary for human development while the latter refers to those values that are obligatory in nature.

4.Religious Values. These values enables us to encounter God whom we believe as the absolute good.

5.Cultural Values. These values embrace poetry,painting,music,architecture and literature.


6. Social Values. Some examples are patriotism,freedom of press,fraternity,economic productivity and
politics.

7. Moral Values. Refer to those qualities of an act performed by man freely and knowingly.

3. Virtues

Virtues are good habits while vices are bad habits. Virtues are those that can make a person
performed well.There are two areas where a person can be said to perform his functions well as a
human being-the intellect and the will.

Three Kinds of Virtues

.Intellectual

.Moral or Cardinal

.Theological Virtues

4. Classification of Virtues

Intellectual Values

a. Understading-first intellectual value of a person.

b.Science-The relationship between cause and effect

c.Wisdom-Is the knowledge of the ultimate

d. Art-A virtue developed because of habitual hardwork

E. prudence-a virtue of knowing what to do under peculiar circumstances

Moral or Cardinal Values

a.justice-a virtue that giving everyone his duel

b.temperance- a virtue of curbing the sensitive appetites.

c.fortitude-a virtue of staying resolute in the face of overwhelming odds.

3.Theological Virtues

a.Faith-a virtue of believing in God

b. hope-a virtue of trusting the Divine Providence

c.charity-is the virtue of loving God and his creatures


5. Seven Capitak Vices

1. Pride-is the overestimation if the self.

2. Gluttony-is an excess of temperance

3. Luxury-is the immoderate love of riches

4.Avarice-is the inordinate desire for material goods

5.Sloth-is the deficiency of fortitude

6.Envy-is an exaggerated justice in favor of oneself

7.Anger-is an excess of temperance

6. Importance of Studying Values and Virtues in Ethics

According to Prof. E. Quito,ethics sees the importance of nurturing habits to enable the human being to
facilitate the task of conforming Moral Law.

. A virtous action must be the source of our human act which is done with right knowledge and proper
exercise of freedom.

*The philosopher Aristotle even said,"Vice is easy and virtue is difficult". He likens the practice if a
virtuous life to hitting the bull's eye.

7. The relationship between Virtues and Values

Accoring to Professor Quinto,the nurturing of habits is related to values. If a person forms the
moral virtue of prudence,it si because he considers it of immense value to his life. If he discards
temperance,it is because he sees the value of the justice to be reciprocal. The same is true of the other
common virtues like honesty,truthfullness,and the like. If honesty or truthfullness is important to the
person,he will cultivate those virtues.

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