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CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the analyses and interpretations of the data gathered out of

the instruments used in the study. It is presented according to the specific problems. This

gives the inferential interpretations that were applied to the data and results of analysis.

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Table 1. Demographic Profile of Respondents

Personal Profile Frequency Percentage Rank

Gender
Male 16 23.88 2
Female 51 76.12 1
Total 67 100
Educational Attainment of Parents
Father
College Graduate 1 1.49 5
College Undergraduate 10 14.93 3
High School Graduate 17 25.37 1
High School Undergraduate 14 20.9 2
Elementary Graduate 8 11.94 4
Elementary Undergraduate 17 25.37 1
Total 67 100
Mother
College Graduate 1 1.49 6
College Undergraduate 5 7.46 5
High School Graduate 25 37.31 1
High School Undergraduate 14 20.9 2
Elementary Graduate 10 14.93 4
Elementary Undergraduate 12 17.91 3
Total 67 100
Estimated Monthly Family Income
Php 50,000 above 0 0 5
Php 35,000 0 0 5
Php 25,000 1 1.49 4
Php 10,000 10 14.93 3
Php 5,000 23 34.33 2
Php 3,000 33 49.25 1
Total 67 100
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Table 1.A shows the demographic profile of our respondents. Female ranked first

with a frequency of 51 and got a percentage of 76.12%, on the other hand males have a

frequency of 16 and got a percentage of 23.88%.

As to the educational attainment of the parents of our respondents, most of their

fathers were high school graduate and elementary undergraduate with a frequency of 17

or 25.37% which ranked as number 1.On the other hand college graduate, gained a

frequency of 1 or 1.49% and got a fifth rank.

For the educational attainment of the mother, out of 67, there were 25 high school

graduates or 37.31% which is rank 1. Same with the educational attainment of the father,

the college graduate has only one frequency and attained 1.49% and probably the last

rank.

First in rank in the estimated monthly family income is 3,000-below with a

frequency of 33 or 49.25%. Secondly, are 5,000 with 23 respondents with 34.33%. 10 of

them have 10,000 estimated monthly family incomes with a percentage of 1.49% and

place in rank number 4. Nobody raised an income of 35,000 and 50,000-Above.

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Table II. Reading Comprehension of First Year BEEd Students

Reading Item Number of

Comprehension Number Correct
Level Answer TOTAL % RANK

Literal 1 15
2 13 28 44.44 1
Interpretive 1 7
2 9 16 25.40 2
Applied 1 7
2 5 12 19.05 3
Critical 1 3
2 1 4 6.35 4
Appreciative 1 2
2 1 3 4.76 5

Total 10 63 100

Table II shows the result of reading comprehension test of First year BEEd

students. It revealed the five reading comprehension level which are Literal,

Interpretative, Applied, Critical, and Appreciative Level. Each level has two items to

accommodate 10 items in all. The researchers got the sum of the number of correct

answers in each level. Literal Level which is ranked number 1, respondents got 28 correct

answers or 44.44% while Appreciative level got only 3 correct answers or 4.76% and

ranked as number 5. It shows that the First year BEEd students were under the Literal

level.
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Table III. Reading Comprehension of Second Year BEEd Students

Reading Item Number of

Comprehension Number Correct
Level Answer TOTAL % RANK

Literal 1 24
2 23 47 29.56 1
Interpretive 1 20
2 19 39 24.53 2
Applied 1 14
2 19 33 20.75 3
Critical 1 15
2 9 24 15.09 4
Appreciative 1 10
2 6 16 10.06 5

Total 10 159 100

Table III shows the result of reading comprehension test of Second year BEEd

students. It revealed the five reading comprehension level which are Literal,

Interpretative, Applied, Critical, and Appreciative Level. Each level has two items to

accommodate 10 items in all. The researchers got the sum of the number of correct

answers in each level. Literal Level which is ranked number 1, respondents got 47 correct

answers or 29.56% while Appreciative level got only 16 correct answers or 10.06% and

ranked as number 5. It shows that the Second year BEEd students were under the Literal

level.
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Table IV. Reading Comprehension of Third Year BEEd Students

Reading Item Number of

Comprehension Number Correct
Level Answer TOTAL % RANK

Literal 1 25 1
2 25 50 27.17

Interpretive 1 23 2
2 25 48 26.09

Applied 1 19
2 19 38 20.65 3

Critical 1 15
2 12 27 14.67 4
1 12
Appreciative
2 9 21 11.41 5
Total 10 184 100

Table IV shows the result of reading comprehension test of Third year BEEd

students. It revealed the five reading comprehension level which are Literal,

Interpretative, Applied, Critical, and Appreciative Level. Each level has two items to

accommodate 10 items in all. The researchers got the sum of the number of correct

answers in each level. Literal Level which is ranked number 1, respondents got 50 correct

answers or 27.17% while Appreciative level got only 21 correct answers or 11.41% and

ranked as number 5. It shows that the Third year BEEd students were under the Literal

level.
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Table V. Factors That Cause Reading Difficulties

STATEMENT 5 4 3 2 1 WM Verbal
Description
1. Lack of reading materials 16 24 18 5 4 3.64 Slightly Agree

2. Hereditary influence from 8 12 21 16 10 2.88 Agree

parents

3. Not conducive environment 10 30 16 8 3 3.54 Slightly Agree

4. Inadequate number of teachers 12 21 17 13 4 3.36 Agree

5. Inappropriate strategies in teaching 12 27 16 8 4 3.52 Slightly Agree

6. Physical defects 18 15 15 14 15 3.55 Slightly Agree

7. Lack of interest in reading 31 22 6 5 3 4.9 Strongly Agree

8. Deficiencies in basic comprehension 19 20 17 9 2 3.67 Slightly Agree

abilities
9. Limited meaning of vocabulary 18 29 10 8 2 3.79 Slightly Agree

10. Over analytical (analyzing known 11 24 17 12 3 3.42 Agree

words); breaking words into too
many parts

11. Poor oral reading 10 23 11 10 13 3.10 Agree

12. Ineffective reading to evaluate 8 23 18 14 4 3.25 Agree

13. Lack of reading readiness 21 24 10 7 5 3.73 Slightly Agree

14. Lack of concentration in reading 18 24 17 5 3 3.73 Slightly Agree

15. Lack of motivation 17 18 14 14 4 3.45 Agree

16. Fear of reading 14 20 16 13 4 3.40 Agree

17. Poor training in reading 12 25 12 12 6 3.37 Agree

18. Overlooks punctuation marks 12 21 19 13 2 3.42 Agree

19. Lack of reading exercises 18 24 5 8 2 3.27 Agree

20. Habits of giving up quickly in reading 25 22 7 11 2 3.25 20. Agree

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Table V demonstrates the perceptive of the respondents regarding the factors that

cause reading difficulties. With the total of 67 BEEd students as our respondents,

majority of them strongly agree that the major cause of reading difficulties is lack of

interest in reading which comprised a weighted mean of 4.9. Out of 20 factors that cause

reading difficulties which gave by the researchers, 11 factors were agreed by the

respondents such as poor oral reading, ineffective reading to evaluate, over analytical /

breaking words into many parts, fear of reading, lack of motivation, poor training in

reading, overlooks punctuation marks, lack of reading exercises, habits of giving up

quickly in reading, hereditary influence from parents, and inadequate number of teachers.