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Assignment 3 PDF

This document contains 6 questions related to thermodynamics concepts. Question 1 asks about an unusual material called "materialium" that has a phase diagram showing one unusual property that does not violate thermodynamics laws and one that does. Question 2 asks about the latent heat of transitions between iron phases. Question 3 asks about increasing the melting temperature of lead by applying pressure. Question 4 asks about enthalpy and entropy changes when adding chromium to an iron-chromium liquid solution.

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251 views

Assignment 3 PDF

This document contains 6 questions related to thermodynamics concepts. Question 1 asks about an unusual material called "materialium" that has a phase diagram showing one unusual property that does not violate thermodynamics laws and one that does. Question 2 asks about the latent heat of transitions between iron phases. Question 3 asks about increasing the melting temperature of lead by applying pressure. Question 4 asks about enthalpy and entropy changes when adding chromium to an iron-chromium liquid solution.

Uploaded by

Kumar Vibham
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment-3

MLL 702
Due date: 8th November 2019
(Before 5 pm)

1. Some researcher invented an unusual P-T diagram of a material which they


named “materialium”. Their results show that along the phase lines near the
triple point as indicated in the diagram. [4]

𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑝
0<( ) < (− ) <( )
𝜕𝑇 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝜕𝑇 𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝜕𝑇 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

If these results are correct, “materialium” has one rather unusual property
(which does not violate thermodynamic laws but unsual) and one property
which violates the laws of thermodynamics. What are the two properties?

2. The high temperature behavior of iron can be summarized as follows.


(a) Below 900 oC and above 1400 oC α-iron is stable phase.
(b) Between these temperature γ-iron is stable.

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(c) The specific heat of each phase may be taken as constant: 𝐶𝛼,𝑝 =
0.775 𝐽/𝑔. 𝐾; 𝐶𝛾,𝑝 = 0.690 𝐽/𝑔. 𝐾.

What is the latent heat at each transition? [6]


[Hint: Use the relation entropy and temperature also the concept of
chemical potential at the transition.]

3. The molar volume of solid and liquid lead at the normal melting temperature
of lead are, respectively, 18.92 and 19.47 cm3. Calculate the pressure which
must be applied to lead in order to increase its melting temperature by 20
o
C. [5]
4. One mole of Cr(s) at 1600 oC is added to a large quantity of (Fe,Cr) liquid
solution (in which xFe = 0.8) which is also at 1600 oC. If Fe and Cr form
Raoultian ideal solutions, calculate the enthalpy and entropy changes in the
solution resulting from the addition, assume the heat capacity difference
between solid and liquid Cr is negligible. [5]

Element Tfuso/K ΔfusHom/kJ mol-1


Cr 2130 16.93
Fe 1809 13.81

5. Calculate the heat required to form liquid solution at 1356 K starting with 1
mole of Cu and 1 mole of Ag at 298 K. At 1356 K the molar heat of mixing of
liquid CU and liquid Ag is given by ΔHM=-20,590 XCuXAg. [5]

6. The vapor pressure, in mm of Hg, of solid ammonia is given by the relation:


lnp = 23.03 - 3754/T where T = absolute temperature.
The vapor pressure, in mm of Hg, of liquid ammonia is given by the relation:
lnp = 19.49 - 3063/T. [5]
(a) What is the temperature of the triple point?
(b) Compute the latent heat of vaporization (boiling) at the triple point.

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Express your answer in cal/mole. (You may approximate the behavior of the vapor
by treating it as an ideal gas, and may use the fact that the density of the vapor is
negligibly small compared to that of the liquid.)
(c) The latent heat of sublimation at the triple point is 7508 cal/mole. What is the
latent heat of melting at the triple point?

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