Designation: F594 − 09 (Reapproved 2015)

Standard Specification for

Stainless Steel Nuts1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for stainless safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
steel nuts 0.25 to 1.50 in., inclusive, in nominal diameter in a responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
number of alloys in common use and intended for service priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
applications requiring general corrosion resistance. bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 Seven groups of stainless steel alloys are covered, 2. Referenced Documents
including ten austenitic, two ferritic, four martensitic, and one
precipitation hardening. 2.1 ASTM Standards:2
Group AlloysA ConditionB A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
1 304, 305, 304L (CW) cold workedD
384, 18–9LW, 302HQC
A342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of Weakly
2 316, 316L (CW) cold workedD Magnetic Materials
3 321, 347 (CW) cold workedD A380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of
4 430E (CW) cold workedD
5 410F (H) hardened and tempered Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
6 431 (H) hardened and tempered A493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
7 630 (AH) aged hardened
for Cold Heading and Cold Forging
A
Unless otherwise specified on the inquiry and order, the choice of an alloy from
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for
within a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer (see 6.1). Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
B
See 4.2 for options. A564/A564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-
C
When approved by the purchaser, alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may be furnished.
D
Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed. Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
E
F
When approved by the purchaser, alloy 430F may be furnished. A582/A582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless
When approved by the purchaser, alloy 416 or 416Se may be furnished.
Steel Bars
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
provided, applicable only when agreed upon by the manufac- cal Analysis of Steel Products
turer and the purchaser at the time of the inquiry and order. D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
1.4 Suitable bolts, hex cap screws, and studs for use with E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
nuts included in this specification are covered by Specification Determine Conformance with Specifications
F593. Unless otherwise specified, all bolts, hex cap screws, and F593 Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap
studs used with these nuts shall conform to the requirements of Screws, and Studs
Specification F593 and shall be of the same alloy group. F606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Proper-
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded ties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical Washers, and Rivets (Metric) F0606_F0606M
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only E1470 Test Method for Characterization of Proteins by
and are not considered standard. Electrophoretic Mobility (Withdrawn 2014)3

1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.04 on Nonferrous contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Fasteners. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F594 – 09ɛ1. DOI: 3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/F0594-09R15. www.astm.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 F594 − 09 (2015)
2.2 ASME Standards:4 A— Machined from annealed or solution annealed stock thus
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads retaining the properties of the original material; or hot formed
and solution annealed.
B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts AF— Annealed after all threading is completed.
AH— Solution annealed and age hardened after forming.
NOTE 1—The following ASTM standards are noted for information CW— Annealed and cold worked. Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be
only as suitable sources of material for the manufacture of nuts to this hot worked and solution annealed.
specification: H— Hardened and tempered at 1050°F (565°C) minimum.
Specifications A493, A564/A564M, and A582/A582M. HT— Hardened and tempered at 525°F (274°C) minimum.
SH— Machined from strain hardened stock.
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for nuts under this specification shall include the 5. Heat Treatment
following:
5.1 Alloy Groups 1, 2, and 3 (Austenitic Alloys 303, 303Se,
3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of each item and size),
304, 304L, 305, 316, 316L, 321, 347, 384, XM1, 18–9LW, and
3.1.2 Name of item,
302HQ):
3.1.3 Size (diameter and threads per inch),
3.1.4 Alloy group number (see 6.2.1), and 5.1.1 Condition A—When Condition A is specified, the
3.1.5 Condition (see 4.2). austenitic alloys shall be heated to 1900 6 50°F (1038 6
3.1.6 Orders for nuts under this specification may include 28°C), at which time the chromium carbide will go into the
the following optional requirements: solution, be held for a sufficient time, and then be cooled at a
3.1.6.1 Forming (see 4.1.1), rate sufficient to prevent precipitation of the carbide and to
3.1.6.2 Composition (see 6.2), provide the specified properties.
3.1.6.3 Corrosion resistance (see 8.1), 5.1.2 Condition CW—When Condition CW is specified, the
3.1.6.4 Thread class (see 9.2), austenitic alloys shall be annealed as specified in 5.1.1 and then
3.1.6.5 Finish (see 10.3), cold worked to develop the specified properties.
3.1.6.6 Test report (see 17.2),
5.1.3 Condition AF—When Condition AF is specified, the
3.1.6.7 Rejection (see 16.1),
austenitic alloys shall be annealed as specified in 5.1.1 after all
3.1.6.8 Test rejection (see 16.1), and
3.1.6.9 Special packaging (see 19.2). cold working, including forming and threading.
3.1.7 Supplementary requirements, if any, to be specified on 5.2 Alloy Group 4 (Ferritic Alloys 430 and 430F):
the order (see S1 through S8), and 5.2.1 Condition A—The ferritic alloys shall be heated to a
3.1.8 ASTM specification and date of issue. When date of temperature of 1450 6 50°F (788 6 28°C), held for an
issue is not specified, fasteners shall be furnished to the latest
appropriate time, and then air cooled to provide the specified
issue.
properties.
NOTE 2—Example: 10 000 pieces, Hex Nut, 0.250 in. −20, Alloy Group 5.2.2 Condition CW—When Condition CW is specified, the
1, Condition CW, Furnish Test Report, Supplementary Requirement S3.
ferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.2.1,
4. Manufacture generally by the raw material manufacturer, and then cold
4.1 Manufacture: worked to develop the specified properties.
4.1.1 Forming—Unless otherwise specified, the nuts shall 5.3 Alloy Group 5 (Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se):
be hot formed, cold formed, or machined from suitable
5.3.1 Condition H—When Condition H is specified, the
material, at the option of the manufacturer.
martensitic alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and
4.2 Condition—The fasteners shall be furnished in the tempered by heating to 1850 6 50°F (1010 6 28°C) sufficient
following conditions, unless specified to be furnished in one of for austenitization, held for at least 1⁄2 h and rapid air- or
the optional conditions: oil-quenched, then reheating to 1050°F (565°C) minimum for
Condition Furnished at least 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified properties.
Alloy Group Unless Otherwise Optional Conditions
Specified (must be specified) 5.3.2 Condition HT—When Condition HT is specified, the
martensitic alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and
1, 2, 3 CW AF, A, SH
4 CW A tempered by heating to 1850 6 50°F (1010 6 28°C) sufficient
5 H HT for austenitization, held for at least 1⁄2 h and rapid air- or
6 H HT
7 AH none
oil-quenched, then reheating to 525°F (274°C) minimum for at
least 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified properties.
4
Available from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way, East
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2
 F594 − 09 (2015)
5.4 Alloy Group 6 (Martensitic Alloy 431): 8. Corrosion Resistance
5.4.1 Conditions H and HT—The martensitic alloy 431 shall 8.1 Carbide Precipitation:
be hardened and tempered as specified in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2 as 8.1.1 Rod, bar, and wire in the austenitic Alloy Groups 1, 2,
applicable. and 3, except the free-machining grades, 303 and 303Se used
5.5 Alloy Group 7 (Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630): to make fasteners in accordance with this specification, shall be
5.5.1 Condition AH—The precipitation hardening alloy 630 capable of passing the test for susceptibility to intergranular
shall be solution annealed and aged by heating to 1900 6 25°F corrosion as specified in Practice E of Practice A262.
(1038 6 14°C) for at least 1⁄2 h and rapid air or oil quenched 8.1.2 As stated in Practice A262, samples may be subjected
to 80°F (27°C) maximum, then reheating to a temperature of to the faster and more severe screening test in accordance with
1150 6 15°F (621 6 8°C) for 4 h and air cooled to provide the Practice A. Failing Practice A, specimens may be tested in
specified properties. accordance with Practice E and be considered satisfactory if
passing Practice E.
6. Chemical Composition
9. Dimensions
6.1 Alloy Groups—It is the intent of this specification that
fasteners shall be ordered by alloy group numbers that include 9.1 Nuts:
alloys considered to be chemically equivalent for general 9.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions shall be in
purpose use. The alloy groupings are as shown below. When accordance with the requirements of ASME B18.2.2 for Hex
required, however, a specific alloy may be specified as permit- Nuts.
ted by 6.2.2. 9.1.2 When specified, the dimensions of nuts shall be in
Alloy Group Alloys
accordance with the requirements of ASME B18.2.2 (type as
specified), or such other dimensions as may be specified.
1 304, 305, 304L
384, 18–9LW, 302HQA
9.2 Threads (see Table 4)—Unless otherwise specified, the
2 316, 316L nuts shall have Class 2B threads in accordance with ASME
3 321, 347 B1.1.
4 430B
5 410C 10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
6 431
7 630 10.1 Workmanship—The nuts shall have a workmanlike
finish, free of injurious burrs, seams, laps, irregular surfaces,
A
When approved by the purchaser, alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may be furnished. and other defects affecting serviceability.
B
When approved by the purchaser, alloy 430F may be furnished.
C
When approved by the purchaser, alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished. 10.2 Surface Finish—The nuts shall have a surface finish
6.2 Chemical Composition Limits: produced in accordance with Practice A380.
6.2.1 Ordering by Alloy Group—Unless otherwise specified 10.3 Protective Finishes—Unless otherwise specified, the
on the inquiry and order (see Supplementary Requirement S4), nuts shall be furnished without an additive chemical or metallic
the choice of an alloy from within a group shall be at the finish.
discretion of the fastener manufacturer as required by his
11. Sampling
method of fastener fabrication and material availability. The
specific alloy used by the fastener manufacturer shall be clearly 11.1 A lot, for the purposes of selecting test specimens, shall
identified on any certification required by the order and shall consist of not more than 100 000 pieces offered for inspection
have a chemical composition conforming to the requirements at one time having the following common characteristics:
of Table 1 for the specific alloy. 11.1.1 One type of item,
6.2.2 Ordering by Specific Alloy—When ordered by a spe- 11.1.2 Same alloy and condition, and
cific alloy number, the fasteners shall conform to the chemical 11.1.3 One nominal diameter and thread series.
composition limits of Table 1 for the specific alloy. 12. Number of Tests and Retests
6.3 Product Analysis: 12.1 Number of Tests:
6.3.1 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser from 12.1.1 Mechanical Tests—The mechanical requirements of
finished nuts representing each lot. The chemical composition this specification shall be met in continuous mass production
thus determined shall conform to the requirements of Table 1 for stock. The manufacturer shall make sample inspections as
for the specific alloy subject to the Product Analysis Tolerance specified below to ensure the product conforms to the specified
in Specification A555/A555M. requirements. When tests of individual shipments are required,
6.3.2 In the event of discrepancy, a referee chemical analy- Supplementary Requirement S1 must be specified in the
sis of samples from each lot shall be made in accordance with inquiry and order.
14.1. Acceptance Criteria
Number of Pieces in Lot Number Acceptance Rejection
7. Mechanical Properties of Tests Number Number
7.1 The finished fasteners shall meet the applicable me-
2 to 50 2 0 1
chanical properties of Table 2 for the specified alloy group and 51 to 500 3 0 1
condition when tested in accordance with the mechanical 501 to 35 000 5 0 1
property requirements as specified herein (see also Table 3). 35 001 to 100 000 8 0 1

3
 F594 − 09 (2015)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
UNS Composition, % maximum except as shown
Alloy Desig- Alloy Manga- Phos- Others
Group nation Carbon Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molybdenum
nese phorus
Austenitic Alloys
1 S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.0 to 8.0 to ... 0.60 maxA ...
19.0 10.0
1 S30323 303Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.060 1.00 17.0 to 8.0 to ... ... Se 0.15
19.0 10.0 min
1 S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 8.0 to 1.00 ... ...
20.0 10.5
1 S30403 304L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 8.0 to 1.00 ... ...
20.0 12.0
1 S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 10.5 to 1.00 ... ...
19.0 13.0
1 S38400 384 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.0 to ... ... ...
17.0 19.0
A
1 S20300 XM1 0.08 5.0 to 6.5 0.040 0.18 to 1.00 16.0 to 5.0 to 1.75 to 0.50 max ...
0.35 18.0 6.5 2.25
1 S30430 18–9LW 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 8.0 to 3.0 to 4.0 ... ...
19.0 10.0
1 S30433 302HQ 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 8.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 ... ...
19.0
2 S31603 316L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 10.0 to ... 2.00–3.00† ...
18.0 14.0
2 S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 10.0 to ... 2.00–3.00 ...
18.0 14.0
3 S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 9.0 to ... ... Ti 5 × C
19.0 12.0 min
3 S34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 9.0 to ... ... Cb + Ta
19.0 13.0 10 × C
min
Ferritic Alloys
4 S43000 430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.0 to ... ... ...
S43020 430F 0.12 1.25 0.060 0.15 min 1.00 18.0 0.60 maxA
16.0 to
18.0
Martensitic Alloys
5 S41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5 to ... ... ... ...
13.5
A
5 S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.15 min 1.00 12.0 to ... ... 0.60 max ...
14.0
5 S41623 416Se 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.060 1.00 12.0 to ... ... ... Se 0.15
14.0 min

6 S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 1.25 to ... ... ...
17.0 2.50
Precipitation Hardening Alloy
7 S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 3.0 to 5.0 3.0 to 5.0 ... Cb + Ta
17.5 0.15–0.45
A
At manufacturer’s option, determined only when intentionally added.
†Editorially corrected.

12.1.2 Corrosion Resistance Tests: 12.2.2 If the failure of a test specimen is due to improper
12.1.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, tests for corrosion re- preparation of the specimen or to incorrect testing technique,
sistance shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s stan- the specimen shall be discarded and another specimen substi-
dard quality control practices. A specific number of tests is not tuted.
required, but the fasteners shall be produced by manufacturing
practices and subjected to tests and inspection to assure 13. Specimen Preparation
compliance with the specified requirements. 13.1 Chemical Tests—When required, samples for chemical
12.1.2.2 When specified on the purchase order, not less than analysis shall be taken by drilling, sawing, milling, turning,
one corrosion test to determine freedom from precipitated clipping, or other such methods capable of producing repre-
carbides shall be made to represent each lot. sentative samples.
12.2 Retests: 13.2 Mechanical Tests:
12.2.1 When tested in accordance with the required sam- 13.2.1 Nuts shall be tested in full section.
pling plan, a lot shall be subject to rejection if any of the test 13.2.2 The hardness shall be determined on the top or
specimens fail to meet the applicable test requirements. bottom face of the nut.

4
 F594 − 09 (2015)
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property RequirementsA
Stainless Alloy Alloy Mechanical Nominal Diam- Proof Stress, Proof Stress, Rockwell
Group ConditionB Property Marking eter, in. Hex Nuts Heavy Hex Nuts Hardness
ksi, min ksi, minC
Austenitic Alloys
AF F594A 1⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 70 76 B85 max
1 A F594B 1⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 75 81 B65 to 95, incl
(303, 304, 304L CW1 F594C 1⁄4 to 5⁄8, incl 100 108 B95 to C35, incl
305, 384, CW2 F594D 3⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 85 92 B80 to C35, incl
XM1, 18–9LW, SH1 F594A 1⁄4 to 5⁄8, incl 120 130 C24 to C36, incl
302HQ, 303Se) SH2 F594B 3⁄4 to 1, incl 110 119 C20 to C32, incl
SH3 F594C 11⁄8 to 11⁄4, incl 100 108 B95 to C30, incl
SH4 F594D 13⁄8 to 11⁄2, incl 85 92 B90 to C28, incl

AF F594E ⁄ to 11⁄2, incl

14 70 76 B85 max
2 A F594F ⁄ to 11⁄2, incl
14 75 81 B65 to 95, incl
(316) CW1 F594G 1⁄4 to 5⁄8, incl 100 108 B95 to C35, incl
316L CW2 F594H 3⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 85 92 B80 to C35, incl
SH1 F594E 1⁄4 to 5⁄8, incl 120 130 C24 to C36, incl
SH2 F594F 3⁄4 to 1, incl 110 119 C20 to C32, incl
SH3 F594G 11⁄8 to 11⁄4, incl 100 108 B95 to C30, incl
SH4 F594H 13⁄8 to 11⁄2, incl 85 92 B90 to C28, incl

AF F594J 14 ⁄ to 11⁄2, incl 70 76 B85 max

3 A F594K 14 ⁄ to 11⁄2, incl 75 81 B65 to 95, incl
(321, 347) CW1 F594L 1⁄4 to 5⁄8, incl 100 108 B95 to C35, incl
CW2 F594M 3⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 85 92 B80 to C35, incl
SH1 F594J 1⁄4 to 5⁄8, incl 120 130 C24 to C36, incl
SH2 F594K 3⁄4 to 1, incl 110 119 C20 to C32, incl
SH3 F594L 11⁄8 to 11⁄4, incl 100 108 B95 to C30, incl
SH4 F594M 13⁄8 to 11⁄2, incl 85 92 B90 to C28, incl
Ferritic Alloys
4 A F594N 1⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 55 59 85 max
(430, 430F) CW1 F594V 1⁄4 to 5⁄8 , incl 60 65 B75 to 98, incl
CW2 F594W 3⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 55 59 B65 to 95, incl
Martensitic Alloys
5 H F594P 1⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 100 108 C20 to 30, incl
(410, 416, 416Se) HT F594R 1⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 160 173 C34 to 45, incl
6 H F594S 1⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 125 135 C25 to 32, incl
(431) HT F594T 1⁄4 to 11⁄2 , incl 180 194 C40 to 48, incl
Precipitation Hardening Alloys
7 AH F594U 1⁄4 to 11⁄2, incl 135 146 C28 to 38, incl
(630)
A
Minimum values except where shown as maximum or as a range.
B
Legend of conditions:
A—Machined from annealed or solution annealed stock thus retaining the properties of the original stock; or hot formed and solution annealed.
AF—Annealed after all threading is completed.
AH—Solution annealed and age hardened after forming.
CW—Annealed and cold worked. Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed.
H—Hardened and tempered at 1050°F (566°C) min.
HT—Hardened and tempered at 525°F (274°C) min.
SH—Machined from strain hardened stock.
C
Proof stress values for heavy hex nuts are based on 1.08 times the value for corresponding hex nuts.

13.3 Corrosion Resistance—Test specimens shall be pre- 14.2 Mechanical Tests:

pared in accordance with Practices A262. 14.2.1 The proof load or proof stress shall be determined on
each sample in accordance with Test Methods F606.
14. Test Methods 14.2.2 The hardness shall be determined in accordance with
14.1 Chemical Analysis—Chemical analysis shall be per- Test Methods F606 at the top or bottom face of the nut. A
formed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and minimum of two readings shall be made on each sample, each
Terminology A751. of which shall conform to the specified requirements.

5
 F594 − 09 (2015)
TABLE 3 Mechanical Test Requirements on Nuts 17.2 Test Report—When specified on the order, the manu-
Tests Conducted using Full facturer shall furnish a test report showing the results of the last
Size Product completed set of mechanical tests for each stock size in the
Product Proof Stress, psi Hardness Proof
Load shipment.
A B
17.3 All certification shall indicate the purchase order num-
Jam, slotted, all
castle nuts ber and the applicable requirements of Section 3.
A A
All other nuts up to 120 000
Over 120 000 option AA option B 18. Product Marking
18.1 Individual Nuts—All products shall be marked with a
A
Denotes mandatory tests; where options are given, all the tests under an option symbol identifying the manufacturer. In addition, they shall be
shall be performed. Option B tests should be made whenever feasible. Option B is
the referee test in case of arbitration. marked with the alloy/mechanical property marking specified
B
Tests that are not mandatory. in Table 2. The manufacturer may at his option add the specific
stainless alloy designation from Table 1. However, marking of
the stainless alloy designation does not signify compliance
with this standard. The marking shall be raised or depressed at
the option of the manufacture.
14.3 Corrosion Resistance—Corrosion tests to determine
18.2 The marking shall be on the top of the nut or on one of
freedom from precipitated carbides shall be performed in
the wrenching flats.
accordance with Practices A262, Practices A or E as applicable.
18.3 Markings located on the wrenching flats shall be
15. Significance of Numerical Limits depressed. Markings on all other locations shall be raised or
depressed at the option of the manufacturer.
15.1 For the purposes of determining compliance with the
specified limits for properties listed in this specification, an 19. Packaging and Package Marking
observed value or calculated value shall be rounded in accor- 19.1 Package Marking— Each shipping unit shall include
dance with Practice E29. or be plainly marked with the following:
19.1.1 ASTM specification,
16. Rejection and Rehearing 19.1.2 Alloy number,
16.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based on tests 19.1.3 Alloy/mechanical property marking,
specified herein and made by the purchaser shall be reported to 19.1.4 Size,
the manufacturer within 30 working days from the receipt of 19.1.5 Name and brand or trademark of manufacturer,
the product by the purchaser. 19.1.6 Number of pieces,
19.1.7 Country of origin, and
17. Certification and Test Reports 19.1.8 Purchase order number.
17.1 Certificate of Compliance—Unless otherwise specified 19.2 When special packaging requirements are specified by
in the purchase order, the manufacturer shall furnish certifica- the purchaser, they shall be defined at the time of inquiry and
tion that the product was manufactured and tested in accor- order.
dance with this specification and the customer’s order and 19.3 Unless otherwise specified, packaging shall be in
conforms to all specified requirements. accordance with Practice D3951.

6
 F594 − 09 (2015)
TABLE 4 Tensile Stress Areas and Threads per Inch
Coarse Threads–UNC Fine Threads–UNF 8 Thread Series–8 UN
Nominal Size, in. (D) Threads/ Stress Threads/ Stress Threads/ Stress
in. Area,A in. 2 in. Area,A in. 2 in. Area,A in. 2
14 ⁄ (0.250) 20 0.0318 28 0.0364 ... ...
5 16 ⁄ (0.3125) 18 0.0524 24 0.0580 ... ...
38 †
⁄ (0.375) 16 0.0775 24 0.0878 ... ...
7 16 ⁄ (0.4375) 14 0.1063 20 0.1187 ... ...
12 ⁄ (0.500) 13 0.1419 20 0.1599 ... ...

9 16 ⁄ (0.5625) 12 0.1820 18 0.2030 ... ...

⁄
58 (0.625) 11 0.2260 18 0.2560 ... ...
3⁄ 4 (0.750) 10 0.3340 16 0.3730 ... ...
7⁄ 8 (0.875) 9 0.4620 14 0.5090 ... ...
1.000 8 0.6060 12 0.6630 ... ...

1 1⁄ 8 (1.125) 7 0.7630 12 0.8560 8 0.790

1 1⁄ 4 (1.250) 7 0.9690 12 1.0730 8 1.000
1 3⁄ 8 (1.375) 6 1.1550 12 1.3150 8 1.233
1 1⁄ 2 (1.500) 6 1.4050 12 1.5810 8 1.492
A
Tensile stress areas are computed using the following equation:

F
A s 5 0.7854 D 2
0.9743
n G 2

where:
As = tensile stress area, in.2,
D = nominal size (basic major diameter), in., and
n = number of threads per inch.
†
Editorially corrected in January 2011.

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall be applied when specified by the
purchaser in the inquiry and order (see 3.1.7). Supplementary requirements shall in no way negate any
requirement of the specification itself.

S1. Shipment Lot Testing S3. Source Inspection

S1.1 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified on S3.1 When Supplementary Requirement S3 is specified on
the order, the manufacturer shall make sample tests on the the inquiry and order, the product shall be subject to inspection
individual lots for shipment to ensure that the product con- by the purchaser at the place of manufacture before shipment.
forms to the specified requirements. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable
S1.2 The manufacturer shall make an analysis of a ran- facilities to satisfy that the product is being furnished in
domly selected finished nut from each lot of product to be accordance with this specification. All inspections and tests
shipped. Heat or lot control shall be maintained. The analysis shall be so conducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with
of the starting material from which the nuts have been the operations of the manufacturer.
manufactured may be reported in place of the product analysis.
S1.3 The manufacturer shall perform mechanical property S4. Alloy Control
tests in accordance with this specification and Guide E1470 on
the individual lots for shipment. S4.1 When Supplementary Requirement S4 is specified on
S1.4 The manufacturer shall furnish a test report for each lot the inquiry and order, the manufacturer shall supply that alloy
in the shipment showing the actual results of the chemical specified by the customer on his order with no group substi-
analysis and mechanical property tests performed in accor- tutions permitted without the written permission of the pur-
dance with Supplementary Requirement S1. chaser.

S2. Additional Tests S5. Heat Control

S2.1 When additional tests of mechanical properties, corro- S5.1 When Supplementary Requirement S5 is specified on
sion resistance, etc; are desired by the purchaser, the test(s) the inquiry and order, the manufacturer shall control the
shall be made as agreed upon between the manufacturer and product by heat analysis and identify the finished product in
the purchaser at the time of the inquiry or order. each shipment by the actual heat number.

7
 F594 − 09 (2015)
S5.2 When Supplementary Requirement S5 is specified on S6. Permeability
the inquiry and order, Supplementary Requirements S1 and S4 S6.1 When supplementary requirement S7 is specified on
shall be considered automatically invoked with the addition the inquiry and order, the permeability of nuts of Groups 1, 2,
that the heat analysis shall be reported to the purchaser on the and 3 alloys in Conditions A or F shall not exceed 1.5 at 100
test reports. oersteds when determined by Test Methods A342/A342M.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee F16 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (F594–08)
that may impact the use of this standard.

(1) Raised upper hardness limit on cold-worked nuts in Alloy

Groups 1–3.

Committee F16 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (F594–02)
that may impact the use of this standard.

(1) Deleted references Specifications A276, A484, A571, and (3) Revised Table 3 to include proof stress values for heavy
Test Methods E353 and E593 from Section 2. hex nuts.
(2) Added reference Specification F593 to Section 2.

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