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Time Response Analysis of System

1. The document discusses time response analysis of systems. It defines different types of standard test signals like impulse, step, ramp and parabolic signals. 2. It describes time response as the system output in response to an input signal over time. The time response has two components - transient response and steady state response. 3. Transient response is the variation in output as it transitions to the final value, while steady state response is the final constant value after transients die out.

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James Lee Ilagan
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104 views2 pages

Time Response Analysis of System

1. The document discusses time response analysis of systems. It defines different types of standard test signals like impulse, step, ramp and parabolic signals. 2. It describes time response as the system output in response to an input signal over time. The time response has two components - transient response and steady state response. 3. Transient response is the variation in output as it transitions to the final value, while steady state response is the final constant value after transients die out.

Uploaded by

James Lee Ilagan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Time response analysis of system

1. 1. PRESENTATION ON Time Response Analysis of system


2. 2. Content  Standard Test Signals  What is time response ?  Types of Responses 
Analysis of First order system  Analysis of Second order system
3. 3. Standard Test Signals • Impulse signal – The impulse signal imitate the sudden shock
characteristic of actual input signal. – If A=1, the impulse signal is called unit impulse signal.
0 t δ(t) A       00 0 t tA t)(
4. 4. Standard Test Signals • Step signal – The step signal imitate the sudden change
characteristic of actual input signal. – If A=1, the step signal is called unit step signal     
 00 0 t tA tu )( 0 t u(t) A
5. 5. Standard Test Signals • Ramp signal – The ramp signal imitate the constant velocity
characteristic of actual input signal. – If A=1, the ramp signal is called unit ramp signal    
  00 0 t tAt tr )( 0 t r(t)
6. 6. Standard Test Signals • Parabolic signal – The parabolic signal imitate the constant
acceleration characteristic of actual input signal. – If A=1, the parabolic signal is called unit
parabolic signal.         00 0 2 2 t t At tp )( 0 t p(t)
7. 7. Relation between standard Test Signals • Impulse • Step • Ramp • Parabolic       00
0 t tA t)(       00 0 t tA tu )(       00 0 t tAt tr )(         00 0 2 2 t t At tp )( 
  dt d dt d dt d
8. 8. Time Response  In time domain analysis, time is the independent variable.  When a
system is given an excitation(input) , there is response(output). This response varies with
time and it is called time response.
9. 9. Types:- Generally the response of any system has two types, Transient Response 
Steady State Response
10. 10. Transient Response  The system takes certain time to achieve its final value. DEF :-
The variation of output response during the time ; it takes to reach its final value is called as
transient response of a system. The time period required to reach to its final value is called
as transition period.
11. 11. Example
12. 12. From the transient response we can know,  When the system is begin to respond after
an input is given.  How much time it takes to reach the output for the first time.  Whether
the output shoots beyond the desired value and how much.  Whether the output oscillates
about its final value. When does it settle to the final value.
13. 13. Steady State Response  It is basically the final value achieved by the system output. 
The steady state response starts when the transient response completely dies out. DEF :- “
The part of response the remains after the transients have dies out is called as steady state
response. ”
14. 14. From the steady state we can know,  How long it took before steady state was reached.
 Whether there is any error between the desired and actual values.  Whether this error is
constant , zero or infinite.
15. 15. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x 10 -3 Step Response Time (sec) Amplitude
Response Step Input Transient Response SteadyStateResponse
16. 16. Parameters 1. Total Response :  The total response of system is addition of transient
response and steady state response.  It is denoted by c(t)
17. 17. 2. Steady state error:  The difference between desired output and actual output of
system is called as steady state error.
18. 18. 1 1 )( )(   ssR sC  A first-order system without zeros can be represented by the
following transfer function  Given a step input, i.e., R(s) = 1/s , then the system output
(called step response in this case) is   1 11 )1( 1 )( 1 1 )(       ssss sR s sC
Analysis of First Order System
19. 19.  t etc  1)( Taking inverse Laplace transform , we have the step response Time
Constant: If t= , So the step response is C ( ) = (1− 0.37) = 0.63  is referred to as the time
constant of the response. 
20. 20. Analysis of second order system  Damping Ratio : The damping is measured by a
factor called as damping ratio. It is denoted by ζ .  So when zeta is maximum ; it produces
maximum opposition to the oscillatory behavior of system.
21. 21.  Natural frequency of oscillation : When zeta is zero ; that means there is no opposition
to the oscillatory behavior of a system then the system will oscillate naturally. Thus when
zeta is zero the system oscillates with max frequency.
22. 22.  A general second-order system is characterized by the following transfer function: 
We can re-write the above transfer function in the following form (closed loop transfer
function):
23. 23. According the value of ζ, a second-order system can be set into one of the four
categories: 1. Over damped : when the system has two real distinct poles (ζ >1). 2. Under
damped : when the system has two complex conjugate poles (0 <ζ <1) 3. Un-damped : when
the system has two imaginary poles (ζ = 0). 4. Critically damped : when the system has two
real but equal poles (ζ = 1).
24. 24. THANK YOU

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