The dark web, also referred to as the darknet, is an

Dark Abyssal Side of encrypted portion of the internet that is not

indexed by search engines. The dark web is a
Web subsection of the deep web. The dark Web is
comprised of websites that are visible to the public,
but their IP address details are intentionally hidden.
Mentor:-Rohit Kumar Singh

INTRODUCTION:

Owner of Wikipedia, Jimmy Wales once stated: “If it

isn’t on Google, it doesn’t exist” .For an ordinary
internet user this may seem true, but the hidden reality
could not be further from Mr. Wales’ statement.
Beyond the searching algorithms and techniques of
Google and Bing, or any popular search engine for that
matter, resides a boundless cyber land – assumed to be
hundred times greater than the World Wide Web, the
visible, indexed internet . This distant land, known as
dark web, dark net or invisible internet is all the
information that is not “displayed” by search engines.

The size of the Deep Web is 500 times larger than the
Surface Web.

WHAT IS WEB? The Darknet: JAMIE BARTLETT

The WEB, is an information space where documents Jamie Bartlett is a journalist and tech blogger for The
and other web resources are identified resource Telegraph and Director of the Centre for the Analysis
locaters (URL), interlinked by hypertext links, and of Social Media for Demos in conjunction with The
accessible via the internet University of Sussex. In his book, The Dark Net,
Bartlett depicts the world of the Darknet and its
The internet or the web can be divided into three parts,
implications for human behavior in different context.
viz.
For example, the book opens with the story of a young
 SURFACE WEB girl who seeks positive feedback to build her self-
 DEEP WEB esteem by appearing naked online. She is eventually
 DARK WEB traced on social media sites where her friends and
family were inundated with naked pictures of her. This
SURFACE WEB story highlights the variety of human interactions the
Darknet allows for, but also reminds the reader how
The Surface Web, also called the VisibleWeb, participation in a overlay network like the Darknet is
Indexed Web OR that portion of the World Wide rarely in complete separation from the larger Web.
Web that is readily available to the general public Bartlett's main objective is an exploration of the
and searchable with standard web search engines. It Darknet and its implication for society. He explores
is the opposite of the deep web. different sub-cultures, some with positive implications
DEEP WEB for society and some with negative.

The deep web is the part of the World Wide Web HOW TO ACCESS THE DARK WEB?
that is not indexed by traditional search engines. Getting to the dark web is actually a lot easier than you
DARK WEB might think. All you have to do is download a dark
web browser, like the Tor browser or the onion
browser. Once you install this browser on your device,
it functions just like any other browser: type in a URL, according to Wikipedia. Browsers with the
and off you go. However, finding the material you’re appropriate proxy can reach these sites, but others
looking for on the dark web is more difficult than can’t.
using a search engine like Google. The dark web
doesn’t have an index or ranking system to help you Dark web sites also use a jumbled naming structure
find what you need .There are such things as dark web that creates URLs that are often impossible to
search engines. One called the Uncensored Hidden remember. For example, a popular commerce site
Wiki offers some guidance to content on the dark web, called Dream Market goes by the unintelligible address
but it may include illegal websites. They are accessible of “eajwlvm3z2lcca76.onion.”
only if the addresses of those sites are known to the Even commerce sites that may have existed for a year
user. Some methods which hide websites from normal or more can suddenly disappear if the owners decide to
searches are:
cash in and flee with the money or “Crypto coins”(
 Private Web which requires registration just like credit notes) they’re holding on behalf of
 Contextual Web varies as per IP customers.
 Limited access content where access is
Law enforcement officials are getting better at finding
limited to certain licensed contents and prosecuting owners of sites that sell illicit goods
 Scripted content which is accessible only and services. In the summer of 2017, a team of cyber
through links generated by JavaScript or cops from three countries successfully shut down
dynamically downloaded from Web servers AlphaBay , the dark web’s largest source of
 Non-HTML/text content contraband, sending shudders throughout the network.
 Software where data are intentionally hidden But many merchants simply migrated elsewhere.
from the regular Internet and made
accessible only with special software, such The anonymous nature of the Tor network also makes
as Tor, I2P, or other darknet software it especially vulnerable to distributed denial of service
 Web archives which are archived versions attacks (DDoS), said Patrick Tiquet, Director of
of Web pages, including websites which Security & Architecture at Keeper Security, and the
have become inaccessible, and are not company’s resident expert on the topic. “Sites are
indexed by search engines such as Google constantly changing addresses to avoid DDoS, which
makes for a very dynamic environment,” he said. As a
If you browse the deep web — even if it’s just to check result, “The quality of search varies widely, and a lot
out your dental bill — it’s a good idea to equip your of material is outdated.”
device with trusted security software and keep it up to
date. Which means that you will have to use VPN The dark Web includes a wide range of networks, from
while accessing the dark web small, friend-to-friend/peer-to-peer networks to large,
popular networks such as Freenet, I2P and Tor,
WHAT IS AVAILABLE ON THE DARK WEB? operated by public organizations and individuals.
 Dark web search engine Some of the categories of Web-based hidden services
include:
Dark web search engines exist. The experience is
reminiscent of searching the web in the late 1990s. Just  Drugs
like Google , Dark web’s search engine is known as  Fraud
“Grams” .It is not as good as google, the results are  Gambling
repetitive .The dark Wikipedia is Known as “Hidden  Chatting
Wiki”or “Wikileaks”  Hacking
 Hosting
 Dark web sites  Search
 Anonymity
Dark web sites look like any other site, but there  Whistleblower
are important differences. One is the naming
structure. Instead of ending in .com or .co, dark It should be no surprise that a place called the Dark
web sites end in .onion. That’s “a special-use top Web would be full of scams. In one case, however,
level domain suffix designating an anonymous people kept falling for an elaborate scam to hire
hidden service reachable via the Tor network,” hitmen. Called Besa Mafia, the website claimed to
offer hitmen services but just wanted large sums of If you want to learn all about privacy protection or
money. cryptocurrency, the dark web has plenty to offer. There
are a variety of private and encrypted email services,
 COMMERCE ON THE DARK WEB: instructions for installing an anonymous operating
Yáll might have heard of bitcoins, yes these bitcoins system and advanced tips for the privacy-conscious.
have played a major role in the development or There are several whistleblower sites, including a dark
progress of the dark web. The currency used on the web version of Wikileaks. Pirate Bay, a BitTorrent site
dark web is called as “Bitcoin” that law enforcement officials have repeatedly shut
down, is alive and well there. Even Facebook has a
Whenever we want to shop or order something online,
we log in to sites such as Amazon Or Flipkart but have dark web presence.
you ever ordered Human body parts or humans online? PROS:As we know that everything in this world
Have you ever ordered drugs or guns that you can use has a good and a bad side, there is a good side to
to just kill someone? NO. That’s because these things The Dark Web too.
are not available on the surface web but these things
are surely available on the dark web. There are sites 1. It teaches us to transfer information with hiding
which sell everything from a simple knife to a Tank. it well.
You can order a tank from the dark web and it might
legitimately show up. The Dark Web is a huge 2. There are countries where people don’t get to
marketplace for criminals and is said to generate at express themselves openly so The Dark web
least $500,000 per day. There are people on Deep Web becomes a platform for them to openly express
who sell credit cards details for Money. Silk Road was their mindset and ideologies by being anonymous.
one of the most successful deep-web platforms were
3. It can also be an asset when it comes to security.
made for selling and buying everything. At Deep Web,
Just imagine you protecting your identity, your
you can even buy child spirits from abortions and
data ,and your bank balance and its detail from
miscarriages. Just with a click, you can now do all
where it can’t be stolen as its encrypted.
kinds of match-fixing and illegal betting.
4. It can also be an asset when it comes to national
WHY WAS THE DARK WEB CREATED? security as the unhindered flow of information
Tor was created by American military researchers as a promotes improved technology and knowledge
way to securely transmit information without being leading to solving of crime.
able to find out the content of the message or who it
CONCLUSION:
came from . It was later released under a free license
and is now maintained by a non-profit for anyone who So basically we wrote this review paper to let everyone
wants to to use. know that the internet which we use or see or surf on is
just the tip of the iceberg.Now coming to the aptness
IS THE DARK WEB ILLEGAL? of the topic,”Dark Abyssal side of the web”Dark, it is
You can surf both Darknet sites and regular Internet derived from Proto-Germanic word “DERKAZ” which
sites while using TOR, for example. It is legal to means to hide or conceal. It also means keeping
access the Dark Web as it hosts information and information from someone.Now coming to “Abyss”,it
services. It's the illegal services that present risk. You means the deep waters of the ocean.So basically what
cannot just browse the "deep web" as it is not indexed. we were trying to say was that Dark Abyss of the Web
refers to its hidden or concealed side of web which is
We don’t want to leave you with the impression that even more deeper than the web we surf on.
everything on the dark web is nefarious or illegal. The
Tor network began as an anonymous communications We want to conclude by giving this one example,
channel, and it still serves a valuable purpose in Dark Web is like a gun. If you just hand it over to
helping people communicate in environments that are someone without telling them in what situations it can
hostile to free speech. “A lot of people use it in be used can lead to destruction but if you explain its
countries where there’s eavesdropping or where main motto that is to protect and to save lives then it
internet access is criminalized,” Tiquet said. can lead to global peace and harmony.