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Figure 1: Scissor Jack: 1.1 Force and Stress Analysis

A scissor jack is a mechanical lifting device that uses a cross-hatch mechanism similar to scissors to apply linear force and lift heavy loads. It operates by turning a crank that fits into the end of the scissor jack and turns a screw, which raises the jack by moving its two arms like a gear mechanism. The document provides analysis of the forces in a scissor jack, including free body diagrams and equations to calculate the forces at different points assuming the jack is loaded vertically and symmetrically. It focuses on analyzing the design stresses at the minimum raising height when the maximum loading force will act.

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303 views4 pages

Figure 1: Scissor Jack: 1.1 Force and Stress Analysis

A scissor jack is a mechanical lifting device that uses a cross-hatch mechanism similar to scissors to apply linear force and lift heavy loads. It operates by turning a crank that fits into the end of the scissor jack and turns a screw, which raises the jack by moving its two arms like a gear mechanism. The document provides analysis of the forces in a scissor jack, including free body diagrams and equations to calculate the forces at different points assuming the jack is loaded vertically and symmetrically. It focuses on analyzing the design stresses at the minimum raising height when the maximum loading force will act.

Uploaded by

ashir mallick10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A jack is a mechanical device used as a lifting device to lift heavy loads or apply great forces.

Jacks
employ a screw thread or hydraulic cylinder to apply linear forces. A scissor jack is a device
constructed with a cross-hatch mechanism, much like a scissor. A commercially available scissor
jack is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Scissor Jack

Operation
A scissor jack is operated simply by turning a small crank that is
inserted into one end of the scissor jack. This crank is usually “Z”
shaped. The end fits into a ring hole mounted on the end of the screw,
which is the object of force on the scissor jack. When this crank is
turned, the screw turns, and this raises the jack. The screw acts like a
gear mechanism. It has teeth (the screw thread), which turn and move
the two arms, producing work. Just by turning this screw thread, the
scissor jack can lift a vehicle that is several thousand pounds.

1.1 Force and Stress Analysis


The force analysis is based on the assumption that the scissor jack is loaded vertically symmetrical.
Figure 3: Forces in Scissor Jack members

For angle 𝛼 we assume the triangle :


𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼=𝑒⁄2𝐿

2
Assuming that I can simplify the mechanism at the joint of the top section that is shown

Figure 4: Free Body Diagram of the top section

Σ𝐹𝑥=0
𝐹1∙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼−𝐹2∙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼=0 , 𝐹1∙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼=𝐹2∙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 𝐹1=𝐹2
Σ𝐹𝑦=0
𝐹1∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼+𝐹2∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼−𝐹=0
2∙𝐹1∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼=𝐹
𝐹1=𝐹2∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
The angle is decreasing at maximum raising height of the jack. Consequently, the maximum
force is decreased. Since the maximum loading force will act at the minimum raising height
of the jack, the design stresses will be analyzed at that point.

3
Focusing the point of the components at the joint of the screw shaft and arms. We can say at this
point;
Σ𝐹𝑦=0
𝐹1∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼−𝐹3∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼=0
𝐹1∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼=𝐹3∙𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
𝐹1=𝐹3
Σ𝐹𝑥=0
𝐹1∙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼+𝐹3∙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼−𝐹𝑆=0
𝐹𝑆=2∙𝐹1∙𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼

Because of the symmetry we can write the following equation


|𝐹1|=|𝐹2|=|𝐹3|=|𝐹4|=|𝐹1′|=|𝐹2′|=|𝐹3′|=|𝐹4′|

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