ABOUT THE AUTHORS Stiinta EPSEens stew Gur bows Elen ee ‘Seton cen power este posed ye nt ee fore iin mesg Beco Powe Ree Iie hs ss Po ho al pues ts Ter M, Unda i rc re Fy of Seni er Regan ws ore om nt ty eet ‘itor be egos of Et iy te Un Won ein ene Pp of Sil Ec tuner he wicriess saan POWER ELECTRONICS Converters, Applications, and Design SECOND EDITION NED MOHAN TORE M. UNI ‘ma eo WILLIAM P. ROBBINS pine of El Fraring ® JOHN NILEY SONS. 18PREFACE SECOND EDITION ‘The alton of hts an paid 58. Te ba et of hi ene ‘mtn at case pean of poe ccs antaner ot {rps sn sn nthe ower ange SOW ales wre sbge mae In shee dean’ fr pve ec ner ey be Bod ce te ‘Soe ced or» ee por we ane made be fs ‘hinge ee Thy ese foe + Anineouoon cet tee aed pie seve se ec nd ee ei an oe le ins n ower Canc: Carpes ad pens sso PSpe> CSSMATLAD® we let However ve cued i mc nt ‘yh my ober st pap nb est oe ml at seed alert + Us he et t,t Siders nd tee conta dite on ‘enum eves oop sey mas Tso apt Tow comin 56 pes 1 Aino dg desig of cn and uore a en a at ‘thes ty sound cg spy eign cede Tis ‘al al be emmy tm mewn eign mags he 1A eter ome ke en as ORGANIZATION OF THE BOOK ‘Tisook isielnoser os Fart pean cnt df poner sons. ew of owe entre ee pein re ‘simp secs coc spre dem of ec of op ‘erin pmer esos “Tel ems eves isos, dso ae sem ed, ths anne ou cer pl! nd openins Pin ses sich dea eine poner apes Poe ps repent ete ma pirat pe croiS i cleat camera psa owe eA ste pte anatase sy ec ht per ‘Spector tom cue ¢ maatr sn erro towne oes 5 meer ii ne cco sms i ee i Foetnamatsper clan Svcd oe cee snug ae Stren peor Ba ‘Seta ie pens sg an nae avy ces ele. Arete ape! ‘Stel open nna od wmfamen ba se SPICE SIMULATIONS FOR TEACHING AND DESIGN ‘ii tow Senet Poe: Bacay Nowa Eko FO. Bon 100 Mini MN SS Phone 612 46184] wining aie seh ‘irene yn fan pa et in wh uterin chloe sr ofan et hone sn ‘25 sehen page econ we hare PSpce ge ig eee ‘ne examin te pest dey ctype casa (Sra ven of Pope Te cape fr ot of 395 pis se 86 ‘tin Ne aw nd 5 ti) xs the beneath ows nike Spell ase in ciay ran cond aon se SOLUTIONS MANUAL | ne int elton of honk, sli mae ie cps woot ‘Sion alte pobiem wu om he bie ACKNOWLEDGMENTS, ‘Stns apg co, eens ‘Thoms Hb oft Gp of Teco. ane Chen oh VE [af Teg. Alan Emo fhe Wee Pac ne FF reson ofthe Unenicy oT, wan Kami of be Wr Sate (ihe he bl sugested ea amen Neca at se inte ye a ing Sen a So Cor. ‘ones ces ‘eM Uns CONTENTS PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1 Chapler 1 Power Eleni Systems 2 13 Per Econ ser Lin Bess 4 13 Soe and Apts 14 Gaeta one cee nk Cnn 9 14 fen Nie oer cass 1 Rana is hupiee 2 Overview of Power Semicond Sites 16 23 Ton 24 Dosa Carers in Cole Swi 20 1 Mla ouster ed ere a 24 lel ae Bolas. 2 28 Most Tyan 21 Dive wt Satter Cnet 2.2 Jahan fr ing Hd Dike Cnc, 31 Pao Rooney “he Chapter Review of Bai ec 33 Ngee Cota Ou Magnetic Creat Concepts 88 semen? Rivne “toSimulton of Power EetnieCamsenes Chior Comput 7 2 Ger Cone Smita {65 Sat Testu for Tine Doman Ams 65 1 gate Sates 7 ferences "25 PART 2 GENERIC POWER ELECTHOMIC CIRCUITS 7 (Capi 5 Line Frequeney Dade Hacer Line-requeny we Umno de » 2 Rockets 90 55 Stee Dede Bie Reis 2 554 Voge Der Sipe Pine) cfs 100 55 esa Seat Rano Ne Cos Te, 6 Te Pe undge Recte 105 151 Cangrem Sings tl Thene Rests 112 $4 bh ie a Og Ten Ge Bares "16 epee her Litany Pa Coed cers - 162 Tomer Cet Pk Comet 2 G4 Taree Concer 158 Kewmes 97 Caper? ded Sith Mode Comertrs wr 73 Sepdown ac) Cmvoer et 14 Sepp ane Coen 172 25 k-oow Casey 8 77 ull Bridge donde Convener 188 78 nde Conner Compara aS Sema 16 Praene 1 Reems "59 hep 8. Switeh-Mode denne lnverten: de Sinuwidel ac 3) 1 Bate Give of See teres 32 15 Siete nee a Si Tet lnenn as £5 BS ai Tee up eg PA res 2 eit Mao Orton 38 Pres Sas Riemer "Yes Che St Ome tn ‘Switching “ “ 8 site aS EEE lacman 2 Lo SS Herel Herat mes, Skncpbieaaeoatoee Sma Pratens 3 eens es PARTS POWER SUPPLY APPLICATIONS a0 Chapter 10. Switching de Power Soples a 102 Une ove Supls 301 103 Overview a Suthng Poe Supls 302 104 ac Come wah te aon ok 193 Gamba Poop 103 fetal olabe me Reh Lop 44 108 Despig Mth Foner Surly Spescoee Mb Sunny 308Recs 31 CChepier 11 Power Conlionens and Uninterruptible Peer . Sopot = 11 Uae Pove Sips (UPS) 338 Newnes "36 PART 4 MOTOR DRIVE APPLICATIONS ms (Chapter 12. Itreducion te Motor Dees a 122 Cae Secig Dive Compens—38 Simary 73 Regeenes 76 Chapter 18. de Maar Devs = 102 Kuan Cat af Moors 377 133 Pema Magna de Mr 80 1a deMowe were Soucy ached ld Weg 38 137 ate Set de Dees 381 erences 98 162 Bathe tation Maer Opin 4) 16 Int er Cuneta at os) Frey thes age as 144 Spat Col Varig Str rpc one 08 15 nga of Nema Ente arlacta Maes4I8 14 Vinay PONE ee 14 Vain Squreve VaLe 85 1410 Compare of Vale gun Dives 62 12 ReqwetVupe Seng (58 Sta) of etn Mees 80 113 Syed Conn Sus ip Power Recey Pine tip oes “the Chapter 15. Symebrenain Motor Dries 6 151 larson as 152 Bec Pc puto Ma Opin 8 {34 Syms Se es a Ws) 184 Gramenen eh Simmay 4s rene ta Rona “ter PARTS OTHER APPLICATIONS “0 ‘Chapter 16, Residential and Indra Applaton “1 Je amdnion 1 163 Indra Appetons 5 Somme Rees “9 Chapter 17 Elect Uy Appleone “ 11 totaion 4 112 Higheage de amin 40 113 Sasa Congeog 1 174 imeconeton of Reel En Sos ey Sige yarns te Ut Gad 17$ Rete Fad genes “te (Chapier 18. Optinising he Ut nee with Power leon yeteme oo 113 CametHaront and Power Pactra "84 Namen Sunda Resomndd Bcies 8 13 Neo ee ingoved iy ia eP184 topes Sie se Uy ce 888 185 Inpoel Tene Pane Us eee IMG Blwumapren nares Sunny | Rares Say PART 6 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES (Capir 19 Rane Semicndcor Psion 191 taduton 07 152 Goines Peas in Semin S07 134 Ga i cin pn pnt Sinmay 22 Reems "329 apie 29. Power Diodes we 1303 Breakdown Votuge Consdetoas 326 5. OnSuueLower S37 5 Stacang Cancers SS 308 Stay Dae 3 Reanes es a8 (Caper 21 AipoleJucto Tranter 6 313 Nera Fowe Tair Ses Ss 514 Payne oe BT Open $90 213 Stmcang Chances 8 21's Beatson Vag 362 314 OnSiuLawer 56 29 Ste Opeing ew S67 Prone 5 eens 50 (Chapier 22. ner MOSFETS = 225 vows 94 B24 Payne Deve Opntin 516 B25 Seeing Chane 8, 236 Open Limi on Sale Opraing Aras ences Ss 2336 Meh impinge Ratings 8 sewer a Pawnee “ara Chapter 24 Gate Tar. 04 Thins os 3 ne font nme a 363 Grex ecionsCTOs “E53 ers “es (hap 25. Isla Gat Bipot Trane 5 BE kt B34 Piycret Dee Opry 9 353 Lan tts a 55. Semi Chance 6 357 Deve imarand SOR? Sooner 9 Pres Riemer “So Copter 26 meeting Deis and Cee on 263 Falta Tyr 265 MOS Copied Toyee eee” 263 Ro emo Mac fr Per Ds wenee “Sos PART? PRACTICAL CONVERTER DESICN CONSIDERATIONS or Chapter 27 Seubert wo 2 pac fe is 24 Nel She webs Bo humors a 29 Tomo ier 34 Sumten B CetCigsins 6 309 GTO Seer Coase Sowa Rawewes “ts (Caper 28 Gate and Bae Deve Cate 6 383 eeu Dee Cruse 67) 284 CxcodeComestd Dive Crees 710 345 Tne Dove Gate 384 Foes Deve acto Dre Chow 717 389 Grea tye Cntr Sinmary 72 Proms 78 Rewer "9 heplee 29 Component Tempeatare Corl Hea Sinks 130 2941 Can of Semon Drie Tepes 10 392 Hew Taney Cootacon 73 33 Haw Sane 5. Nat Taney Ratinin ad Camvecion 19 Proms Feb gener "I hapier 30 Designo Magnetic Component or 31 Magne Malad Cae 502 Comer Wings Sd 304 Amis Sciences 78 505 incr egress 5304 Amis Tato Dosen 767 501 ay Cone 205 Tamla Bags cee 1 500 Campton Tantra at Sty 79 ReecerPART 1 INTRODUCTIONCHAPTER 1 POWER ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 1-1 INTRODUCTION Sia va kr al ae i ‘Sitcom uly on elaleny on cet wy bc fap ‘Seber se ange pa rte pss The ae pete ep ge te cnet dpe he psy nl he ora fe poner pace The [oceans he mit fps) sie Sia War power cept cn reed whee, ee ‘S't ot cance: Noma ect slr crs nao fons pocorn wih rl aa eee a ecb ‘Sine y he oma The power ow rg hye may bee, (os imecangag ler fn nd contre aT coe mec Sagan phot ‘Seercrnc cov andr si prem Reso avons ‘leer mea aetna Me se ‘tinct inspite eon cba) Sve mae poe ny Sorc nar hcg ca i eee tee te metros py cn Fc th ‘Ue Steep yt er 200 ec nd my Dep tho ove cone seach Tr gw may een [eee pce ‘ewe2 eerie ps he wool with ot one i ich an at Inte Unies Sones. Vasos ples ower non we cose Se POWER ELECTRONICS VERSUS LINEAR ELECTRONICS nny pone conven proces sh at say he Ho dren ai 8 ‘algo ow nd ve igh nr cen) gran er tro ee ite coo te wae ney tthe ay eager he ‘st neg. Over npr cones ean ae weg ao “he sbve ees mt sms cama ty ne econ we he sence ceva oped ne Inet) ee ae Seuey ‘enorme adr lel wlon AL meson era ie est or) poser spy fi Dem pie ees apt age Vo aod Te wy Taras pay 12.20 Vl text vas ay, oval 9 ‘Thecus nied we cel) lad fm ypu ne Pe ‘tien ine recy str id pe lan ad sop Figo ella Ther aver erage) ap he iota wining nt Te heer reese le We Se ‘ata gue ohne he ween, wh deed te sy wage Ignis rms ina = 10% geen senna ve) Ts estos xi ‘be en ht mii of ing eae 5g a ‘unscreened Ve a ng ‘eed cn The nna pec in sve repent ale SSeS ny ete ey etre tae is pone eke he ewe esi nd te cst ion scieel eens ments nao eae Sy ipo wi sng, wang rrr vor yey ‘Snir swath nse ml: yo oath oh aoe ‘wang ten) reine mee aga ‘Shes csc ge Thats sib ues ete IS ppg on wy te png te ced mo Sil seat sa ew eri oi 8 et nd ‘mt encore cag pn non nig Ste ee Senha de pe a12) a is ug eo filly ned in Chaps 7 1) tat esr ‘Shcrcinaan ca bendy hypo o-pnoa v hows = 1 nd i> OTe wa onsen» tie alg whe trusses onan npn hoes eso ats A 3s. ‘Segal andae dag, seal shown Leto ah Va ol oy see Ya te avenge) at fr a te ntsc pe wi a “SEAS turemange i, wsbwela ie Te Cees oes ieee ces pte te ap vag so ase se fe pt Wave on she i mr ge Fm ete am 148s [pip pg ee Frur 4 ul i, usm pty pct of he sates 13 ‘Ae prog changes wh ie. 3sho hai obi eae ‘inated vt og te won ae te days Da he Semen oe asec ae sity neh ae mero mmm Ol ees tes ee ites ums foe ew i eg he {prvi wig ny Tne a mn oer ‘Aa svn eum ean ad the Se ong we sealer nt cop ne ep oe Fir Pinon compensa e's mone oe seg ee 1 “Sentosa compton nt eine il hs yet se Tc hah ey and ‘ti outing ees As se th ipa cing ese inquest ar pied ney The Heh Sig eae a wat pce See wom, wach in event Ie ‘hi cane pt ncn Soe ve SCOPE AND APPLICATIONS ‘ex ct ml Ss Mh ew et 1 Sicha A po seine rat pis, Ae ‘pela de power saps and fica viet power pees ‘eohae edo mech) Sauer rect Om wh pin ‘Toner casns openng fee tone ot fone Site infor fcans Asner pret fe lg eh ‘Soin (ot Peto) nnn ud camps {Ey pp suc swe ng See pr eis een tip coat gud he pomp tw ls Ey ing te ihc ve eed fw twee et Sen fr wy ‘ni eewy tame al eT posers ee Soe wen moe go esa ASR Cpe 1 cototen woh Chg mer pes a ‘Su! voy sty ip power cess per, asi i pgs sin ag of ie 3. Pes con nd try amnion, Te i» going demand fr he phe in ey td ap ‘rela fr pie nhc mi ei 4 Tempo. ay Sout, ate in hve hen i wide (era ng te: Now ess post of ig Se ae he {ABLE 4 Pe Ban pn scrioie Kooy Stor ee oe So ‘cca ‘See etiepmnn ata tn Sia Seen ay tre oe pen 14 eoplian wei rece sg an pile veils wo ho ‘eget ater are th ile pose cess 5. Eteroecha panos Ths ads popes or weg dep 6. Unive pcnons, One eh space simon poe oe ‘prage &BIVBC) bors A snag en fern ne CSL es engender Percent ISS seig typ re cette wee le Be ‘ig eum son fe pect (3) Poel.» pa ‘Sitesi mocoonston of rola ins items vy ‘Serve bn ne As perenne igen CLASSIFICATION OF POWER PROCESSORS AND CONVERTERS, 141 POWER Pnocessons Forsyte sy of os sr nl yi power aee SelaUuvnar apa ey ies ol pr om ‘Spry remy ti eo op en ee hy me SSE Stn ac oupaneaey ve oe ms (egestas © steamer & comm ey sue apie {5 sje ane mate ‘nye pet oh ee ipo ee ss The ne ey Som ey opr ec Te pao 9, however. For example, ia a pbotovalaic syste anetaced withthe unity hiTec nbs fou te ahs on sc yw Spal tone ne ocon fnew nse pedo oe ‘aig ne 1-42 POWEH CONVERTERS ‘he pomer port 1a coi oe ano powe mene ae Groen ig Loehrer of hse apes deo esa (om bn ty nan fre ogee i beac and nde. ‘Fern, tn rnp hes ave ge stan pe ‘pur Wel hr ssch poner comersn sige acer: Ts acon SME ode eng tnd of poner cron ers in poe eo.» {1 ‘Meg oman at se re Bo tre enor Be ‘oe comer canbe Sed i eon on ee ‘Welle camera eee rm fa sg yor eeveion at ‘ety parm hen nl be Toe mae ode and Schoo ate fete nen accom vente rng per fw (Sesame power ow ro oven ay be eve Io ‘ceo 17 nee a une note ‘Asm expe cnr the ower pro of Fa 1-6 een ink er eet St nr ‘cy ain tl vee? og rane acne ‘tha gna, seme fqury Te wf orn ef. ‘moo me peti rom ty ge mre ett ot oa. Dang ‘ess: big he pew ne eon see th) ‘Since coment ems ectr nd comer Ips nee. At ‘ne cae xem sage cur cake he fo oe ‘cups ope of hw Snerar cr tte Fae et ‘Svan cng comer moro when ever eee ‘eso Tee ethers 1 ne regen tat cma) omar wer iy ee ves sonore so cman ie ta fe pve om a Fier 121 scr omen i es Sin; de enn ed Sein irom comer, shew coil sacs ithe mane ct oa of ese it gh ompureso e ‘eqn. np eh sng gy mo became, he ‘it et yt ey Gap he ‘Sr cane en eect pp escent mu cee es 3. Rast ole wae tae een 1-43 MATRIX CONVERTER AS 4 POWER PROCESSOR Ine shove mo ton, de ha ot ico cess ee the ae once wise opesion ecape oye sae ‘heating Tecate ee aie ‘Sen ages cree ewe Ste et 2 ie pve See Se ce Senet ‘ann smn sey mote pe ‘Mins plane of whe perf tage eee ah ‘ene Becae i he ence of ty sage eet map “purest ele pnc ga soy sr rows Howe (Staci teen og acannon and nt Scie ewe exec ee om peel ity ime percep hi conc apc Ite ps apes ass wen, en tos nat ape cen enema am sn, rape wee ‘gper rag os nich seem lineal net og es Sian mts dy sos ext oe sap conn Th oc ‘Sue age sens a oo ea amet sacs, Ori Sone al esgee Lo Nano [ag ae “Teh wag ee cane an ane nto, wir he ol sae srs caret sone Cn cage intricate bt Sign ein nes naling end Sh erage ne i cue ar oe al apc npr wit chown in Pa. 1 SbIontene tefl of a ‘peice “he ics marie heer be lca hey mat ee ota vig ter urs tesco carina icin, Sich Ss weno snd mua be ee oy coon oe ee ais ‘st ic die C3 T sh roe ot Tne of nner henry proach pao srt cmverc fare aed too ny at atone oe omen Eco a howe ett nd apis pie Ti. Be il ot 145 ABOUT THE TEXT The pre of Dak ae hey pai ving poe Sean coy oe gen poe cc Se or fk, nh Ce 1-4 me in, Shem an wre oer octane a da so ‘een aa be jae ng ms sis se ped 16 ‘Scone seed Chur a ine nett dco he ee of ‘Sep mm sain eon am Sm he Ths na, the Si convener wong tse oe thn co apical at be esky rep oo ase ch sch eed in, Ce eat ee a ‘Sled Caper Scheer fr de Sui tei apap nae “hema thorns cies ‘Ehsan sh neem ve un enn Co ‘sun abe on be age magn nob coe wre hn egos acdc 1 pede of aon a Situ arsine lage pace aes ‘Stet Sou 6 ig foun epee omen ec ‘tee 35 epee cml Hachem) sige for SPE le ali ae powersports {ca hale on saps Fa te ‘apne puesta coe Pt 5. ih cs seri seaplane Che, nth yee pone ec ha Cap Pet (Chaps 20 cara ue sccm he cl pein ena mci on tn aay Pa 7 hes) "Fc snr rel ree tere heteoat renin tera INTERDISCIPLINARY NATURE OF POWER ELECTRONICS inn nny i i yo me ct ‘toad! power ens ase cls iain, smog coe Tfowtie se dnre fs makes iy of por san lege tar ting Thor we my posal besa sel ht nose ‘Spec ipbing eros se meen1-7 CONVENTION OF SYMBOLS USED (hut enone mbar lowe et dp een Moma ie bone ans rere whe compl on er tes ae Ty fe nc an en na (Ghee snf ocr ae ny Te Yea acs ean ase he Sprt“ogupa ne upetelsTe veep eye nee PROBLEMS 1 tee grer meena i, tes ay 9 Te pat fa SUNSETS vate stun wpe ss2 Hero 10 SFpmiaget ims rapes pcs pena te = ‘qastlenerc BF 1s gc S08 Ain rte ecg dem an er 1 ign nen oe yee ei Te Se SEQ Se Vine tt Attempt Cha face com hep cap nena a 14 teat aig 8a ee 8 Te te Ses cmpenieys fated ya C= Sa en STUNSUAG pe ties stro ger Food ‘SAIS te Se copeteig whence on rm ag a se sad a Bh Sr ne coe! raph hg De Cth ln! se ta else ge Seon heh ‘Enya Saari ee erm 15 14 cmt tye ei gener cnt ans 13 an 4 te Sse ea ie a gee Sea 1 Roc nf Dent oe ep iat a lon SSE SI thy ae ertahan ‘Sb Sr ened oyna eet nd) Se rn lo Stray sora [REFERENCES ae et 190. gp. e. 2 Whoa Roa asses” Po enna Pe tnt Carne ot Veep 21 a te oc Rohs Has Re ET, ge OC ep Su, ex Ton EE Spe 83.08 Sse ie El Sa ee Ce PrtCHAPTER 2 OVERVIEW OF POWER SEMICONDUCTOR SWITCHES INTRODUCTION, 22 piopes 2.2 it yt i he det : "So sd hep a i elynceayny apis, Tse des ae sie wh king oe fang vel oa ad cresting send Kamps, eons, thy cn ont nes pre a an ge a re ‘Tuviistons. fname ts om ley vege nd and 89 owen 338 WW ae afm tan of ere ures "hte cme are ie tiie of inp ‘Singer Sowny ne im oe ouacer howe Fp 2 Th rer ag oat eal 9 al poly 3 ‘ening on deceit ee “Scene ote tg SW acho ad he gare can Be {SoU"Day sete ufecnen tw proptee in ono ect isin ec rao be et Ieee is slags eo he ene eat age ny a ey snag cue towne oe eamwninFg 238 Cay oe yer Ghose fase ene king volar sche ite Se i of man eg re ‘ing ese gost fords, i can ere he ese Seances hee nen sg cme pope ean oasis ne pecans eign el canbe cel oh a ume canta eget le a ae ‘Sing When hn ee ere se when ence ves ‘ei elite ya lh et so ei * fnwerr ssl ne yer at se and Desa ye waveform i ig. cue ee te Dmg sr Ths grat po ‘SEer te ors te sr te i an sm ero of te “Since snr eager ese Dee ae ‘Sort aad os th rainy the ine nt ae Cae ‘Sckings oma vote want gogo Iowa eg api ‘Ste tnt nal ne te avi may emmy fo ‘Emer aarccucoa re Tyr irate pest Speed ree repel Sing br mer nl a pes te fe ert mr Tacha soil oem psig he pen uum, ans po hye nai Inables solage ane eps time te ren wae Se Fir 24 Tne ie) mens ll3 uri ove oF rot somanateroR sees 1 OPSHEDcHAMTEMSTICS BS cONTROLLAME ENS theres ht mnt ose na he rs oe sue) 2 Sih fan erent hen gz Ma deo oo vrape aan a ta 2 Vantin sa pe ern oa sue ge he Sh 1. Paccomol vin, Seton em mer is, se ee a avi sv ney expec do ve ee ed cancion rsa epg ie tcp ag al aes naps oh tenes Soi per wb ry a el he mune ype ey ‘econ ten ie mar des singe ‘er Whey dsp meeps a a on i a foes, Te wa Seve ess eae eager ‘Sy nt dey erste br a tay Sage Se ery cme Eg ini won ae Th of ri Pons enone owe devs at sees ‘Sons ig aap 7A Ons volas ng 3 mace te sore pe a sewn va he nae sa ow Vier tm. does 0 vf 74 des ‘nee yer Sse be ee 2: marae ir, Te degen al ue ie yin yor ci ower Spoon emanate Be,» calle ‘Sion ons lage, gh nse ek sie suaced ne geen orn wp se Tisch ole ry Tere enc wh eg 201 ‘Snowy cnseatel un pmer Scab cnet Boig cet ‘Shao dsedngen eng lage sg ado ste lag Oe 3. tiara ror, Thon cesta of ted ‘htt tc eminem he ther Te cae ‘Teron yn a eo ip wen ‘Byrn page sper highs easton ‘ioc eyo se mas es oa op sconce ae The “ito gs pc on dee w rop pws s ‘se ies noid gene als pach yb Be ‘ener wi apo HV S00 Lon ne og ftw 2 Van pepe eure oS ‘te ates fe yi pce meat ys (GATT) sommes eter (ASCRD, fever amin {Cr re ae aes Hed ce tein. 24 DESIRED CHARACTERISTICS 1N CONTROL SWITCHES, Sie oar ofb licen oe a om TENSES SUT Saeco olan cto oe (ny Te ta cial ich tv obi cei 1h iy ener ih ie fo en ABLE ng aes ine) ited cg nate reno mal pree2 iayhinere sims menor tee marten sr cereacieenet Sat ogngerasan nancy aren Tete Semone emote nena ses She aa eta oe See gees eee Smubimerecacesom aye aie Seenantigensrmere Risse soeerarchay arpamtan so taroranecet ease ian mast gen re eatin eras ame nar eoeciomn tia seas ieriakiskrntiaeteenrear SovTap reeaty Te sects yp 20 dene tinge SSS atest font te en Besnydpd n hedt ng e ain i pnit Was Wale en nee scone at ery pti cu ig he on yea “Oc te sw fly ome ns ola lon ead oo a open ont Seve itl ong scare The ich mn Sao dag mea, hh inp ith ata ee ‘ero an tne The ype Whe wich dae ote Ma Walia a 1 rt ti ich, eve cnr in i oe a seal fe rich Doge at on prof ene ay he ote wp cost of lf ly ne gy an algerie Oe ihe okape orbs al a of Va Ge Fi.) deen bce we {ane can, sommes ih 8 Se: Lage er Slag hc amet car seas ur he Sea Mal tah es) ‘The ney dp inte ch ing nf tion ce we ne Rowe Wen * ton es res 20 So comput er = = ‘Th asta ee sition pl) = i i ig. mes ce urge sameness dpa oo uh te od Sect Tw fh cna l eno eh oa e fomtge 22a 35a ™ Watton) ee ‘ic an ep el se sows ht he sicig JO as in eo crs ie ih he eh ny ech et "ev tchng ngs nr eee esd ae ene “Fear mp cen ot pa re ih tained rm ons wc ves np ew age Pee FEL Pagbesy “eae ae Sty oa hte ech sit eso he os Sit eo su ed S “rae conn a rset nets te toning car 2 Sal orev Foe st oe 3 Seen af yo we oh + Cr nec i pi, 1 Wt ie Tn ee Wawa nce Ss tse cca ete ocr neg weg Reece ‘Pept ec wen enc geo er SEES vestments ‘tone ccs, cob swiches a og 0 vey gua ‘reso ites neni IMP ire tins wn ie he oat emt el Se pa ey ne pce ah ‘coment sharing. oo Tete empath erat Teme pd Sew le Scere dee Tm ns Seti sian ngs i ac ny we SENG femme rns ces ps a2s ic uicie pe is dp the es Sch moron he (fea ny a en a ec eg ne Sc eSY ety Se dee SEE OT a Greet ate ea pen ey Sed icing BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS AND MONOLITHIC DARLINGIONS. he coe symbol 6 a8 NPN BIT sown i, 27u, and ade huss shne np 27% Ax show te che ately ‘Witness cram possess setae ee at es ul con as ae ee deve ad ae cet be sain wep oes, econ ey Cen Soe dager sc mh compan ag SBA Me Sr a a can momit tag QD), i ave sgn Serge tine ine et “imc yal song Une oe ge cu rand anon 2 Fp Dany ws (9) tn (8 ie Dan, ning MDs. Tate sl nits ig 8 HOD Vanda gs 1 «fo toed mer In ie ft nein emprae a o e seme en i vc ih Ga ly mt el pd Iker tcl fr tums eet wi fee ed nl ae ‘hig ve my bdo cme sig cet nlc. METAL.—OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR FIELD EFFECT ‘TRANSISTORS, rl vag The lod cof een ea sethown ny ‘Mcleod el fs me et te ets pti san a's pete of pops mageae ner tee ‘icine ovr ep day ox eats mo fete Scns nig Se cpl The chinese ey see ‘e gee 8, se WEE el rene iadat te nage offer et fond undid made ping he hse ener ft MOSFET sn te i eae apd nthe Sevoe Hg lage mang Ox» pra as bs OE ‘Some cin sis ogg BV on fe api eran a genta i ome, Bsns i ol es Scat ins ctor sa “mone ane of at hinge hihi ee alt an 5 ro a oon int 0-0 MORE, Tween sen eae ns ey se Til ale centr etl amon we nog nit cea 000 at i areas ap 1 A al ge SARE Te mei occ ge SV ugh MOSFET that oe ‘Sete by 3: signal i = ec et" incane bss sting creme ‘Ses tmes regia she coat ih he ober MOSFET npr GATE-TURN-OFF THYRISTORS Thema Be Dhow ni 2 ssn ae “te rm, OT ae re ony nein ere ae setae ace, Ee GTO co he mc ft Ea suathe eae Gk ings ety ge ee ue een waz ‘tease eg mgt pe cue lh nse ce hig med Seiworosca tek mpane soap who magne resto ease 28 Fee 11 Ca rf ia hams oer at) 1D at {0 ti cis te i pig en hh he GT cna thine me aegay MOSFET nd sym srr uch sat ont fo at we Pe 266 Tha ‘Nese pesnly ale TOs comet eed rnd eal ch a {india ig 14 ater ret comes amr be GTO oe Fi 3). ‘sb aegis get seni ie mc fe a ypsntay TOs, Thien ah ee doh ‘oun anlar eho nf, 2.108, ahr pent ee {dhe rar at wel vt te tne saber tT ea | Ene seca shape sostng vt of GTO edd hie 3 “Tec ams volge 2-3 Vt TO ssh her an eof is THe {010th ses eg fon etn ye. Dc ‘Sry nee vote op 045 19) dg ae pooh ‘Me GT wa ex ss meds ogee aes ‘Sowing gency pe ao ow haste 102M INSULATED GATE BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS “he cei sma for ORT ton in Fig Pe ad i crc ae ‘ovata fg ab ThelGs he set te abvges be MOS. be IT ‘Sith GTO conker Samia he MOSRET. WT ha hah npc ue ‘in ees no ell owt le She ee: ie be Be he {Tir amal om age agen vices wth ie baci ope ig he ‘cpl tg 3-3 ¥in WHOL sv) Snir he GTO ARTs eed {blak eve vag te cnoed oe rr swe a ie Teale rpms er a af ine ont cde of ae darn ama ams sg IND ¥ 1200 A Vig ig op activ er poeto— 4 gue 29 HE) (9 eis 2 Fours 232 Ae MCT: os 8 hii MOS-CONTHOLLED THYRISTORS ‘Mos sy ICT 4 vs ot do seen eh fe te hy leno te MCT ne eet aso fe ut oman ee 1g i Sp eo toc ir mec secre eT ole MOF nr he SEN hse ec ua vere TO. ange ile ie rsutenen aye epee ai rt ae Be ir Stang ec ec ad fe owns). Te MCT ne SEIS hats 180 eh cone res 030 a ved ‘coy ew eho a Or cua ME cae ema pe a (Snoseviu aes at STO dew er ee sons ace COMPARISON OF CONTROLLABLE SWITCHES. of propria be come sian nd Recs te Hees we ll shad pe ow aan es pv ie ak ssi egal. x pg emcee ce il be ed ‘Shaker power tg oer hn pees we cs Au pet ee eer ne econ hy, ih wa wily we ica fr snl vic pcan lang ae se Set “sign ease pbc esses of pes cinerea mus ANCA rags Th 2 fs tah erm pr be a eR ‘cra seeHoot ae Za DRIVE AND SNUBBER CIRCUITS Speer ecole mares ce te come he Seth ein erecta nig acer sta heconeer eg ah ht ng ue nce dt ‘ate me ie Ths coer lose ean neers Se eau, vpn hae 4. mg nit al aa a edi» comet fom semen te age an cet i: SShe apa sn te mremeason hese NS jt cara yyw ot a de di 1 Save te ery efcieny tay deed igh be or sate eget Sse aa pen ns, ma BW al 2 ewe iy cee ned eof ig 2. Simi a reve proper cn be ie, meee ee pe tc et Eero emma cae ctate s is rmatetiroans32 cuwien sos oF roRER sowNCCTOR AMES CHAPTER 3. suvMaRy REVIEW OF BASIC ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC CIRCUIT CONCEPTS $1 INTRODUCTION 3-2 ELECTRU age ensign, tt en le CIRCUITS Sra a a cee8:22 AVERAGE POWER AND rms CURRENT. Cone i ate, te es oe i fe 8 Pah andy ays nti fine an tes ee witht eek — fs ony [ir oy press Poe ow ‘acon og 3 ad 3.4 ve hae ma of cei rife 69 vs vase caren 34nd 3 we a wih Se eg nd ‘em abs ee 3.25 STEADY-STATE ae WAVEIOHOIS WITH SINUSOIDAL, NOLINGHS AND CURRENTS cone ea fi 3-2 tan ince od ener ease persion, ve Viena (= Vileote 6) os snd Vant eho ale, Tie a aoe ela fino in 32561 Pes Repeemtton ‘ersemed nse pane by mie he ize fe tg Pear he ‘Soul et sur'r own Rp 3. Comemioa. hesep se n= vs riven cts umes Sreson whan gia ee a im aes eer an ‘Serpe vue we nd rot er map Ve ver and tater 6a Coney E434, yar daen ne 3.2comeponts on sat ‘shes tan pon tana ny 37 Vande wed ye comps ka impede Z = B+ ja = Ze sa opang ery lee lig oa on 1325.2 Power, Ree Power, ad Pov Fate “recone pone Se ond S == ete = ve = se 8% “Tf, he magi fe cape ont, Wich acl he prep? (ad's expel ie ts se ampe Penis} ~ ems omich xpd a rd Van ec cps = 18 lh Inpane wih ine se pe duane ig 3 3e,T eo compo re en's Tee asta ct Speen) ad ee owe nea 1) = Voc ut = (Vo See ot an y= Vig t= Vs in on i etapa oe ons ow per {ee ha pet aver ae pen by Bs te reap ae cP ine pace gran of fg 325k (=U ) eee fr ones rf itn is conmono ee aga ced ae pve ih ‘Fount ape te ean Beg een powe = P= ‘adem E29 ad 1 = Menem a0s— or Andie shown nig. 325 poi ale owe he canes gs he stage ae wat abo do pte a 0 Siedbgging as Cemenches ace hl dws pune sh eaog ‘thn si voc pls ote be te Se. pacar or Qa Tot at ‘eins Vance het! sain eve gece Cpe thercowcor se digens ower Psapp spc ine Epes eva al a ing pps he per en est ss Ussanctebne teen per Oa “hone une doo, sein ele he poe ar ese sich meme oh ttle ad de el pe over fewr= 2 =F ood os, sich dinesoes ely overt seat, shades) ‘ine pore waht mon coe mga hens mss ae athe Scalp nt eye L4vfarapmar oc Cae puso uel th ed ‘ona ing hsdpa 098 age Fore at = VSE=PE = 19 VA age ‘tlie, he comple pone te a i Seria tho 750 va ‘he eine poe aunty capa ep m2 tena te* cst ae oa eget 3 Te a wa Feo livered fram the source is ” 50+ 20~ ite =r He ae) Sie cme ower ars 95 ess. se vare=ar- fy e-o0-n VE) (0. = 150 = 087 = 01.3. VA ein) 3255 Thee Ce ein ated sendy sate pergola recpne essa ati Fg. pore bene pe ee Sonmenly sued oe -b Usagm sopee mege oes he m2 enc mpi Wh pine co, ‘Phase voltage and curren pasos ae shown in Fig, 3-36. : iia esl it af ee a op Yas Woot a 93d ence ag ng wuviv on especie power on prin a Sin = VF a P= so oa ‘Toren acd sym eo ee pe pve canbe ee Sine = Bae = = Vit om38 GnERs fase OF Ne HECOMEN. 88 WNENET aT NETS Fe 34 Nese ste nny suc = VIM co 2m coer ae eas he pre scarcer ee 2 ome ove Sale hemes a ci eating ith nonsota Bio m+ Stab + nh 22)2 Oe oe Fonte 3g [hoaua~} [ime 20 tng, 3.21, ch esr component = eh) + Bsa] ane re ‘Sn srt a Bo he os ae 026 ne so a i en by ty 2 om ‘Asst ite me le oe econ) canbe esas erm arf Fou tn pn avenge = Moran yf ewe mes woe ae (SS he ccna bye 3am) Table sais te ‘eral omy, aed lad he ess dB 2242 LneCurent Deron 35 se en ome be ee DoNceiattar satin timc ease ey ‘Sap aml Ferhe ae ofspianl ings ays ww ‘ete tapes puts te ss ee ut wren ie we VEVat ox tc in ay ie hn fhe i gms n> ins Suto 890 rt te nde in ny ogee an nse oer te Wirelafeqmny ep. Pe ae copes Ie #4390 a Be ee Vitains— 69+ 3 Vitae) 30 0 Bee Tea fi = = 0 eee a. ee = {ELD nt sa seat Fere35. nce oi teh ne gece ed sl a a, eh ae of, eet thither fs le) Te ep ‘cen eign ne gee A BE, t= (fama) wo Sevres n(n Zaye oy“The snout of roe ye Yong or cae! waver in he pt aad fy neue of ne Sed harmo ron CHD) ‘Teditin compen he Cro oe 6.8301 Sun 39 sai “ i plod in Fig 35. nae ay 035, sen - 0/2 om 100% S( y conta = et om String wi te mi eto of ems poe iF. 35 fora ff'ousira oy (ing, om 29 sn om 3a ace aging at Be ees of es ro eas oe al Vasa wt Visitor). Vdseandy 83H a ht te carat uggs tenon tenis ont nt te ‘sc ea per wn fae sad age ue, The epee poe 3 Tae come al ern at rc sou oo ‘The power (Pete ame 15 for sacl us meet ay Eek ek EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE SEE COE OREO EOE ‘Be cnet power iar (DPF nh she same a Be owe in i DF = x oy These poser ae wh sini care om 235, ne dts ig in he cet wae il ek gla ee pws ce I mee peta ow 3:25 INDUCTOR AND CAPACITOR RESPONSE ‘sshonly pho ini. urs nil ys confine come agp Deeb Salesian ams ancr es bef (Qo numa ow Leper eerie meme ge ten natn oto, eal Eure is eval fio a (6 ein cet ie. ie SHELE ALU Saori pie we my = ZSPN tear cs sentence vo a on 2 ec ene cme he ste. ee se anaer age meus cre pa sh tenet cape lige mT ame Ch = vosnnehfig 8 om sine ie varie of eto. A crete lei ia of ni, SESES2STE La npn scape wt ge ‘acon 3261 Averge Vi aia Seats Sate Now ee wile comet tt tet seamed, Cem SOLER ane ey sae, hh eat oad oe io te sto ram eA sent oso pe ae ik ‘Mage ad canetweoem ee i te fra. weereMy wot wT = 0 om tect fan inc pring ne ey tn conning = + rinse pace ate, +7) = wo om ER 3 [ouare fee 37 nh an pie rope sr § eve negaon. gun 31 nnd ey ste, he ‘et incising rgd nero in esl mathe new This {be wns of Fgh nhow wea 8 Aca yea explain of ak reper) mega ef israel he cng nthe mor fan Tile an £3 nges he ange of tat hang te ac eo ‘inept repens, es way ei ee sae pnPy Fe ere et Fhe) fo. 8500 pf eare ox 2 palo pcr cen alot Sang cue Be PFE hcg chp on tae ca ie aa sein whichis wna codon ys oa MAGNETIE CIRCUITS ons dcic equipo sn consi gnc empress iat por ees tse cnn nd cops tari ae eens 34 AMPERES LAW Sr memes ony ec Sevegeovcaeieai oes Susanne fuaesi os 1 So meat ete 3:10 {evel min = Me = oe . 35H Fetes in Fig. 10, 384 es HH” Ml “he ison ofthe Hse pind ya caret caying ct ely te costa Seater she ec Stace ple cf rest aks own i 08 Te 5-3 FLUX DENSETY OR #-FELD oo oss) i Bis in tis tes or emer (Wa) a ta) wee ‘aon wt gue mo and aed hepsi of ea St ‘iverson The embed eed ores ‘epee of wep ora fans ate ee = tome 1356 hoe 1-H my mg fm aera an ren #59 now ip ce ef oe Sdaein level te ws an ys i Sirk pes mie ne ae Seip tes rnd ee ‘Euoh tnt ln asl4.24 CONTINUITY OF FLUX. “The Bld ee fn deity pens Sey of tis er an a The Tv fn csmng an ae an ied ye tice ep fe Bd safe om “ne he ms nem el ot rs ning lel ae Se tse ning Tree ema of fax on bee ‘Silo sus up o¢ ehh er re om vam ec i on Paro om sa wosene mcm 49 53.5. MAGNETIC RELUCTANCE AND PERMEANCE pes i nse mf 3a te ety Bo hey 38 an (GEiich tine Seine o's gn oat Ino pee eto ee sw a Fe 0 Di = meng» EA sete = ore ping te coin Ey 838, Tee. om 3Stan de gation ae Spade ow Fer ec stn etm ee mn the Mane of 3.40 ast oo oyarDee way aN os Ase fom. fa mga si enone pope fe ‘gps mato yan rome a SKeveig yen 1 ces ea at in Fi. $108. Ba 8 Dee ’ oe Perms os ae cat i ned he ipl ec4 MAGNETIC CIRCUIT 4NMLYSI8 STE CG eh Ron acti otc tan oe : Fre 310 shows 2 mag he an pdms ore aig, saab en are. 2 ona yore kc a ‘courier cua tena ea tka pesto tains yacrveatcar eny : ards aw. ine- varying fx nage fhe Natt the idee vat gure 2-15) Maps: () Ae rial ene. 238) ow ce atv og liad i econ ae as show in F368 "fat acd vlog py cms see Oy Les iw of Semone ' Intent eh Cnn no ot ti cos de ne RE ele ery ot ses vlna cae set he ett segue cane ofan kage Tore mi S16 ‘Sing wine tee ecu ene yf eae nk TERI pemecaly lng we ea ten ese The coe Shot ute op toma em Be nse le) ee ope he ‘Seats cal ene 2 Tsp ha ein ge ‘Tn tve te Pstoe nt ep ru co Wh rope oom Acothuhsvninfy isan gn Lia ie 342 See se ey nee nee sre mate inp Sing (ers Ee 367 mo lg 8 ys ow tacos wt ramps aes whose i i 78 ad an je rd needy ted ae The slope th ined cares tab, sation for @ from By, -83 ils as oe ics hon hat eo ids ape fe mine i reo ve mage anon ds 5-49 TRANSFORMERS S01 Teusfomen we Lass Cre ‘oes cm 9 ne she mapa coupe, Fw SSESRE SERS Sata emer nw sot We astme Oo Be fs meses 58 moe hh curio a ig 3a ht Bi ate (cca, Teal acy nead pen Babes 57 anh nay no 2 1 feothe am np 3.70nd 3.71 yt eee esa cole ad 2. gece Ie dagamet ia ip S186 The tx dite oe ink te fo sl ahd ent om whe ete lancet aan te mein cure gen by. 3.72 ‘ae esage foe ee by - ow ten Be ow hoe ye ne ecm of te age ats Ee ae sg Tome eae foes se 3 moet ato al iB Tb ‘Sut asc ut mate uel on eames. ‘he wg al te min i he ura ae geno neni 676 neoten om “Tennent i oes ince wining casey ee ‘Sly fe ot The eee ips Eq. ete of tng De ty fi ge at pve sb he cones be ein ea? [ihe Seneca sand pod ca) ang SEEN. mua NeEy heeds mem eco ma iy waka ia om Sil he slag ame engi -#4 om‘Te man ah ene (3.70 an Spey ig he Mae) te he aa tt ow Ang sees 3783 ee ied wx on hg hd ie of 3-76 mie by a eae too 8 an then Eg 1.79 canbe end “Th nt 4 and form be fe rasfoer quel shown are sie lo i sete Y 3392 at Tumors 28, = Dre emai =H) a be La 3. y= R= at y= = Oa aes ya =D fee cessor Fe 38 oe rina. ton 372 ca en = y= yy = Dab A = 0. Tas an ‘pcos 385 an 86 wee mae deci of oe arnt Nee ‘hte qr chase pal eae ante a Fp. cas 2.39.3 Trantrmes we Cones Hang Hye eer eee ete igeriessig ia saree teense Shh Seeo eee Sou mn ey the nr fie era, i 3.259-6 etn Haag Indra: “heals inn se one ome) ane wan eB 7 a mation ee ae ‘he eng sual cn he tame i ll he nif ut as ‘Sompnet he pinay) eo nome own Fg. For Stra andy ie gen ith ings saves few Kiang 8 SEE ac aeons mc ‘The ol age ince Ly = Lo + is fin pci itp wit or econo ttm agian ngs Tas ely mes Sane se Racal mae eed ae HO ie Seri ae soy 5 ‘Asin he 1 sie wb ea he 20. sie be se 2, = 5 terry tel nae nto oe ag ee ile 22 nt feat oo rvs, Noe = a . sunny 1 Tee ety ste i poner cece et defn be oo nen he ean enorme nth tine i at spent ce pec hr he or ams wlags and cure in sigle ue andthe psec, he ‘sin gi in ag pm ar ‘erm lth ames eur compos 5 Asani snl lags spd yey, he dglacenet pose cur (Dry ate owe nt (ae Se mine ls ich os (tee In ower eal ca, te vrs wha inc stows to bese Seay th eng ame og ps»7. Tolling ataneanrecesent: Ape’ iba le, as esi Se Seth ma ace pean 4 Bote sop eign evened PROBLEMS ‘thos me ow ounas sw a aac cnn = Pom + O88 fo newent (ip porn S12, =, (Gp Cui nb Sa (6) Cee pe sof pm tt 318 ‘tha tw or tl (Gay sag ent Pen 3B 32 (8) Dy ng te sant mee em 3S. 6 Aum VS ana ea leet uy “Serato be ner ‘ite pe ch en rs ee 37 Sevabspccanpea ov Hela (gi Ce mae pe sr an te uo ef sorte“ er Ss oy eae oe * Seng D3. Coser brpmmotnwaty ane hn prover = Sd (0 Cain te meg tg ‘whe ano age un ead Yap Vs wot ean = nx Pott >it etm i di em inn tena SiS Ret pm [REFERENCES Fan a Sr mma CHAPTER 4 COMPUTER SIMULATION OF POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERS AND SYSTEMS 4 INTRODUCTION,42 45 sone shad ene ht pmo, mich mare oan sin sel isi, merlin po come bee ewe We ‘Say soapy cca oer eno Inet op es ane rs ae eer) ose CHALLENGES IN COMPUTER SIMLLATION 1 Slits tees mig os ad ys pet extane ninety ‘Stig atin ease cere on progam 2 ‘Shelbourne er epee mae 2. Tsim nye ng ne, Tine cance here he ‘pom tino vip ey, yey se er ‘pu Far umpteen ves ve ‘mpi te be wc yb eoaadsoe ‘ins Teun rons they sale ave ‘fercoisoe erie teste te oman ream uch. ‘scythe aa nln tie ny Ingen tly te ng ne ota ‘Soa eves onto pede trae Become * Nara vteaeaneangeeetperamman en ‘Beni ly he wf ao ere hao ie uy gd tw sf tlt ae ‘he ln Ind ahve ea sf ee jee of Be srt, gener estes pecan ea at ‘eta tay te oe sep Te ec tein Sina be ey og ath ue ae nelson mes neg (Ss tease purse ces epee ei silion ‘Spex pie sts nu nt Se atte eine Ina we em SSnyiyte yptem oe he ia copes Sone of echo ae eed SIMULATION PROCESS In poner eons, ve pe fanned be cal Foe of sie Se eof nin al = co eh hee yates gpr sas tran atch se tou hedeae ‘ove sl nt ye poe nthe abet EE ess EE EEE SESE CEE EEE ESTEE CEES ECO REO EOE 49 smeaniov mets 48 on Pew 44, tone 45-1 OPEN-LOOP, LARGE-SIENAL sIMeLATION Incr gts eer nstatg of he hai ew ye ser by “hla port pee wih ppt om gases me Bk ‘ate vn i fe merce wena ct eke poy pie ye mall cans Aras een ‘et ith chi occa logy andthe Somone en PP is into nsec seh epi dC, thesia Sop ute mcr al ar Nm eutiopens. Tata: he exe compen vey oe oka oil Spe Ge ped) mt Bane es Se ‘hee it png como bt cats eth ee ‘crepe Tete Elec an oe so . 43:2 SMALL-SICNAL (LINEAR) MODEL AND CONTROLLER DESIGN| era © ere sy nd be anc ros Sas wma ane ney Sing 3 pt tots ene, Tce ae pe ge lib comm toa le das pace os 453 CLOSED:LO08, LANGE-SICNAL SISTEA BEHAVIOR (se onl as en eg he system pee sie by nig eee ances espe te ‘tees hn pcm edhe ages heen +4 iblngesioa svat aed cu een Sots a gs aat Fire 44 a berm cn may (ond f) onichig es. Tesh ving re, nl ‘eter ing leads Heme nina pnt SSRIS his nay te ls ue wee otal Seacrest, er San yen sop ty eon ote ge ws fe monn rts wlan pe a tren ‘Bot snly marginally flected by semicon vice nonieites Now be ene ee SNe cece ems inovmuetant truce cocaine Ceromemieresoneatatmmesr os SS wiskeneg Sra ma tom scimitar rte Sie elea tem it ynlowecmrse ne ee Seite nae ede tanta ame MECHANICS OF SIMULATION (1), ie ante eae it ep eve ee hoe ae bn oe ered ‘imoc a eon sven. Tew te wdc m9 EE a {441 CINCETT-OMENTED SIMLLATORS verte yun ese eft haben ut in devi se ica tion lathe soar pias ew seis ly es 45 15 Ler TOROS OH MOON NAS ‘sc te te ompeet ale. Te simul neal geet he is ‘sme ey tarpacst oe Deeg be at Se ny te he ey cing fess of epee oe Bo ees low canoe se! by rs i user ota mee a ona uch opera angen compar 4442 BQUATION SOLVERS Sein film scsi, Hem ee ee sus. Then” west eee ope ht eters he erat coe Soning so ateenl gutns hac he ct oo lp tema ions an ses wig 2 high! henge sar FOR “TRAN or yan of saa pct speeded Th pr oie caf nein tas, pg ep an 0 4-43 COMPSON OF CRCUIT.ORIENTED SIMULATORS 4ND FQUATION SOLVERS hangs nthe cea py ta eal. The oc remain ne ier hs ‘ee mates fhe son Man uh modo he compen td te ‘Sut alo gia se al wale Ie oe wep ee ‘ie no slr mesg Psa cf agi ae an "Br ot prise, oral he ‘toes ne en oh aml seeps tan poh Ie igh sma ona Sep vain ec lot ‘spe nd ma oe ld er Euto scher on tang lanl nr te ation proce. insignia ob tne ep ao. Tab ‘8 slr mle cn se Beg pe sson Sethe agate sng tine roy gle taal pbc he ‘wera even alps conhon ef ieee, Eee ‘Soper eins ten ee sw at it ed The ton soe tn tot edn cae econ The Serotec wate pap ssl mis SOLUTION TECHNIQUES FOR TIME-DOMAIN ANALYSIS at ct ceed malate an in hen et le Sit qn st fin fe ih ee pec te Sa aoe ony one ‘ots mle of ee un ine ne fave An fifteen quae sabe eae ‘ccna In ie vn, wl dco ie ae eemes of simple get lows ye visio be te a fron 45-1 LINPAR DIFFERENTIAL BQUSTIONS ue sows singin goa it epee hme sad een encom tans yee Se eae bese a= Tc uae cio pg apna te ot Seat ndaer stone nuh “pocum f vge hsb i. 4h ete wh ay mb macy oar he al en, doe EINE soma ar my Su eat, ETS segs whmum By ane Kets co am CL) Bc Rlchus age lw (RVU)theceat p68, eBeelion 4 hy dig ah sides of 1 y Land By 426 Cemex emi Het ‘th emt a oo oeeeca 2 nao +0 oe se i rd i og xy [8] mt eo i ajentl Set i me in At pt ye ic ie Seopemars ong ee nn om a onm-ane to same an ee rie of iter 452 TRAPEZOIDAL METHOD OF INTEGRATION ao eee Far way eat chen ogee anced ace Ph repent (at Starman ett immaainn epee totes se emer vere gene teen =— | ——rt‘(CCmUCtC™Cr= iron iwaamdets Tua ah = r= p+ (Ae ~ So a9 + Ao + ar = ane = + wot) « Pa tedwes the bn gin ean tn in nis 0 Sow Then, mamagag ima eb (= $v au ay = lb para ~ a ao 89 Iba ~ ange - 0 + bent ws ain ef, 499 ele ~]e Apaiws ao abe ee ~ Lay aut Sa-aae-a9eafar-soee-adn commen poe seni sam, A and che when te ci ae cou dob hg acon Hoeven esate aa ‘Toe sn em hag the se aon mat Aa th ei a ‘Rp sie Taro AlN= AB a9) = MB Ue ‘ae memos 10s i y= Mr 3 + Ng = 80+ wan Mell faeab "(t+ fara wn sraltgane eo seed teed ny eon ls vie he ie ep ca fo ‘bun aa fly et cise ih el in sp seer hing ra om pv ace SSL 2 Stuasnee ib ie nen per ec Sis Sty ete rn us ‘Shoe as note a pot wage tt when eR ‘Sia ues ese vate ef iene eis ae wee 465.0, NONLINEM DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (1, Inpore cons sees, st ial congener (Oe 12Eenpnen ve ahi senda ees cess aol ag) at ‘byt comer Ancemplei eb fs MOSFET wi ‘ono fe age aes tn ce Sas he el eos ce ‘ite nee sa gc nia acon ie esna ew xo ane ane fra. eas 46 Nema ete celine teen cpt i sorta tng tos a8 ‘ase .16 onan tse dey, hsbc ine i ie VE 16 uy serene coh Sach pun ae ley Khe pees ‘ths comers ne sin whit resets none em One Sony dS eget Nee Rae Hee pone WIDELY USED, CIRCUIT-ORIENTED SIMULATORS set eircesegecen me re ‘ily walle and we wie) wd. Both ve sregia und weaknewes SPICE wat Score deer doe ete saeay a : ot Sri 3) ‘ebro SPACE st Sinuliton Pog wih need Cece gai Iu devepe ot Unveniy af Caller, Bony. SPE an una re: ‘tesand pss an suman ul ete sp inept Tew ed ‘Somer ent SIE nt pe npc compe pee ‘pomng sume One sommes o SPICE ceed Spe ie spon mary ae eae oma «ie oa whee he content be psy er err tt bye pt ep ‘Str itu eeig devs! sian Tei ap or Seer dt cowpea aim cn. ot "Soros ty stearic Oot es a pomiay of Ppt iy sd he ay he eon ‘Sn vu ey am cn Th even re ney pose et foe ‘Sons sain Fr xanga sans ater Se te Invern of Pp. oro ms, pice ne hs tok eam nd ‘shanenn blo “eis we neton tt ci pete a ce ene pogra in gourd and pcp, snple une pened. We wl thea ofp 3. west, rhe tnd rte th me spon inp seca ie mnie owning 48 Nee ne ee, Inte me ects ot dent ih wf we cel hep Sarena pe hy 2 wht ed fe etn say ei ae eo ‘el bit nnd st Pps ane an i epee yrange ‘Stagconled swict eactoneced e he Fopee etd dee ‘odd can ake fe wh epee sachig Seewe #4 (Gin mio Si en. se, ems aig ne nen sonnet tetas ho Sa ttyl ae eee pascal nmeaneme ane ori cee CNT at) dw rl me ee Re ‘Tlrectn wc Int fe wi eal vols es han Vg (OV deta ste ci vt arated ys t= ‘Simic Otome rata oped tr ey te piano 2 nn Fi Ses mos ao eo ‘lee y eam age ace aed VENTL wa Pp. Toe ain meer, Seta peta aw pom en tne aan ae a ad Seren * Eiichi pan ig her smalicrsre agate anf ataryscestcoe eke ag SERS cmene Hane ok ‘Shon en lingo omer Tere alas Bete eal een. Sa Sa Sie Mee et ones “hectares ped oe) ee Se were astabanaatsn ae os nena Re ‘et out se wy en Fi 410 The ep cl TSS pom Py wine Pe rb eo 4662 ET SIMELATION PROGRAM 65 nie wily we, pp st iin propa ces EMTP SSR hapa Cate srices mers venga Pspice Exanple Drove 2 3 powea_prone Hen 3 3 00.0 Coad $2 atuP se 2 8 6 0 sutce Font & 5 Puuse(a¥,1Vs08,128,3n2,7,$us,1008) co m2 How <3 30 oy "HODRL powER_oz0De 9(85=0.01,c4 Imopa Swrzea #SkrxeKc sono. 63), TRAN “i0us| 500-068" s "O-tus ate Fig 49. Pe simian sina in Fie +4 es modeling, EAT? sarily doi fr te ese pone inayat te nue owe Als Pan Og ATP abe Tn emis Start SPICE, EAT ss pean lf wan bat in pt eg ep cs en be ulin he van per sem compen sh te teams ies: EMEP types pp fr ming poor feos apts in pve ssn “Ce SIC he sce in EMT? aed ie licen, When 4 si steel, de sm a hen ma) covenant ‘Sil le such ae coe pee The ven Pert py ‘Sree salto comaen hte eles i as hese ee ESSThoe ew ingug, Te seaman an he omar ps aes of “saa kom eh 46663, SLITABILITY OF PSpie AND EMT Foc mean sina, ot Spice an ENT ae eye Pps is eer Tite sem oe acon ou ree ees nin ver ‘Sli tm fac feng nd str ome ol cog ‘Sven cay tl ester an Scop ore Mich compat et {heady ssn eu tnear ailpeesiay pape x Peg eh. Beane fe aay of cmd ce es nel ed fr Teco i sth ld renin aera. Pa a ae, ‘aes wi pe epoch poer iene cy hc oe ‘than ESTP ser itd or eg power tks a retreats ‘cite Fre mses ed soe EMP ey wel sue ot ang Compa ove sete snern am ee ee ae wep ‘ng oes ym i esters econ easter aed ib exis “ge mmo poe eto ccne wine eran la) ver, son pes AEST (aes ane pone ton, Ts oc ae erage he fe ses ya EQUATION SOLVERS Ite chose an en oer, enn mre lot wd gsi ths iodcaie east op ees bel at ‘Stic orcoc eT eeiftoaaspene ees em ‘net or: mcm wegen by pope inn oe the per vel unger ahs FORTRAN, Cer cl io pol ‘ay tng oh enn ain {Snes pctage sch se MATLAB [or as of her pcs hr many of se ‘crest eet chet pe i ore 45 pcan setsens 78 foveumie a bronco ar aga cello main fs ‘yea Solty. to inven sma, ae no enty h¥ =e Fone poing tae we bit MATLAB 8 ey emmy. Ach Fane wel ne orig funder cnet sd ie Freeing. Theta ly fo ith MATLAB ye ing owe eons cows a pot ena ee gay Pew rap Far ewes, MATLAB hd ath ek ee of ‘Sw te angie a he mene poems SMMULIN es jet pap freeconor a ur ae MATLAB wih allow gm yoy Se ‘Sr nc Skee ‘san erapleo MATLAB, lion fe iin Fig. 8 wee ne oil nti of epaton town Fp The catofFy Uh mds oe ‘Stale cect shown evi ai oie) > Arnon ip ‘ie thelap ag y 3pm a AATUAD compu eh eee Fer 11 SNTLAR sini nigeste sing een vil sect la® a: Wim econ eet SESTANESS Tsien eNAGTA aan LUN ae tas Siena tows ng 12. Tse wae frm th Pie tan rua aun nF 410 dar eons vn HO Ste ose Pape SUNDIARY Sl ct a er le ie nh SSE Mapes spy em ig int 0 amet i fe Sian date Ove pte sion pgs ne en eve WRPESSEPS enly eae ne nna soi eh oka sling oe ee pen cee PROBLEMS 4 cee gnc wl pa 1 Va! DAB ig MATLAB {ES Cane ee ig i 29, eh coe di ag am ‘rt rte Pe 42 REFERES numsers 75 Inte Spina Fy 9, ee ost eggs simon Bi eerireenpere anaes Saat Se a ana oo npunsortear ovale mn fesse cuipercaes neat Sumuanare SS sider ne Compare sitlon he Bee WT comsaaeen SST crn Sh ton pate comm ata mitiaharmatawmoregimme ems Sepmnseannen civaganes tt tcemomes Sera eatin cs Aaah eer, Socom teeter nec ees ag = 100) ATLA ping tom di EES Tht we tana mtd png Bee Swing ATLAS me ho Sees er, et ie ht) = ‘el ne ange Pe emg aA ie NCES Bie Mite um neeto ne seen ‘Preaie Hall Englewood (ND, 198. ee CEM SFads Sle nnn somes a ‘Spee. Marin Cetin 3 Faun We, CAT Fe aa itt tan ae er eae ea CRE cornwenstnanns unin nePART 2 GENERIC POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERSCHAPTER 5 LINE-FREQUENCY DIODE RECTIFIERS: LINE-FREQUENCY ac > UNCONTROLLED de INTRODUCTION CL. rape tk sna tier,to curren suse amcgtescy ope HES ss wocmownaenane a ei wit sige ise an ee pe it dss nis cha. AS iced Sti te n e t etse SSIS nah cere mete (Bh eo et (Somes need Ea Bends Chap | 5.22 ASIC RECTIFIER CONCEPTS ecieao fa hugs ml cet compe meas es. See Sipe cre cn seh con 52-1 PERE RESISTIVE LOAD Fg Sabah th te he ed vee and teen ve wee) SS Bee age ape ™ 52.2 INDUCTIVE LowD i Leos mir a eine, wi an ince enh ‘Sewn infu: Burr: 0 alge epee comet ei Bezb'Sttequc r=, hele bse eral oe Bea linn infiec ante tops as showman cut 5. Thame esos none) eos leon ea nemed on Site Sabine Und anc> open, ps) coet ‘elo. and te ince toe ey nes Bsns, Someta i “iy ncn oe tein flo as Sued Saberemaed demi mat a ene cn fest ts nes ge ates 25) These ae iepting tah siefhe above equi beeen nl a ecg a setts ae) ! ee °> ee . | soi inion fr hve on a flow: usin can ew ic in tem ew ed wa A iS perereters 6s ‘here, h mtg wm aa A= Bia i 3. Towed e ges auto Ran re anda reese platy volnge (- S/pccescun tte ashe ng S34 The ees eet ‘ene pe T= “Td og snmp rig ene fam 1, Ten amoen et po na 9 a 8 5:2) LOAD WII AN INTERNAL de VOLTAGE Baca lng Ey ee epi contact, te ees Te AE ‘ech nya i (een aga sa © En eso ee Wy ‘Seti te weno sewed se be egal oe et sesame se The eager the ide soo nS SINGLE-PHASE DIODE BRIDGE RECTIFIERS ‘Acoma we singe pe de rie tie ws in ig 5. Ae er ‘attr ome oe ie Te apy imo nl alge ‘Skee nih pets of sie oma ode ‘Rowia,eempd yy Tope ike caret efor nay {ws soso tea wach eww mens abe LT (Secs oer chagrin hat, Aish ‘iam spe cl es i oe pee nd ATEAD wees we wl nae many Son ae ‘SEI mig in he opron of eit a P33, 5:4 IDEALIZED CIRCUIT WITH L, = 0 ‘Acsfintpoinain ie cetera ice (eke uae cy ean oa caret soe seh ge Se dh mph te med ince of Pi 3.0 a ‘Somat sry nly hp sh ad wl be ped oh Se ‘ent fr Sout mee personel ce sed a Chap Fr 33. Sep do ienl See aca ace aaa oro oeeecereeercrcectceree | 4 canorens unr enegeens moe crm Hs ShWte er DOE mL ECTS — 8S Fre 24 Wd deg i = Sina, pein ead na cet inte to Fi [Stnapornmto sts hg nec ye seo sere e "ccc Sumi eh hw ah tec (ecoynsm thot ech rept, Te ‘hough eS fe op de Se eof ote ston ‘Tp ded ileay andy wl yenan seve os alge es PA sean as Seer nny ammo oo ‘eve wage pean os de “The slag on cer eta eof Fig 6 shonin Figs. 8 sesh Toe ae een! ensuing Inbound Whe res nein, oe 9a contac i Dent nye be ei pgs dn 28 a% =r abr snd ore ead ese wih = va hea cing: nbn te ed siggy Soe organs 0 pS nd en epg = VE¥in wero ponstehee = Defi iid = a [vise a= gy in tae Bvin-0%, om i ¥, he meal be apr ne ‘Mi sean neem hon eg 59 og wt Oe ad se ey ee. ge bec tn tHe te, san 1 ai me oe fn ae moms hee tan Vie 08s in, t= [ie Bonaeae on ‘Te mai component. $9, Thea amon rn an sles yey Seto be mo a8 10 ow S30 Sipe te wi, SCMRSETRMLTRgR ge therein 53-2 EFFECT OF 1, ON CURRENT comMU-TATION Se rit we tg et ne ia ion 4.510 Desa tn th rung ee we cn ear efter we ata The ei ue ok re ek it ona wee ae ge tin Drs eS amy ep VEisin Te oupatiscemadty seat cer sa, scoops rte w= eget ce ching ph ‘Wien, cme poe sat" sewa ok ey ane(ifs Site Tecan emer ht ilesge ae n Ite cc oca af Sb ie econ weed AP 1 or Otek ha tom de se ia ten ge rete dealer ‘Snide mop ung earn apt ge en ‘Re te on es Tee, ie wt om ee ace a cae aco aaa ore ercee eres eescecceeer ere Imei eh sie 18 ping ef oo de te [Miata fan an nf $19, hee them of te cowl dig he om ‘nin ma Th ae eae egal oe = tltdan ey = [ Viana Vii oy an cm ty fen oa on ‘ie apa een om $2 a einer of econ ‘comma eam wns bean ye pa an ae ‘henge cent hee diag case Fo Sf aun £22 cn a 1 =O = mt oe emi i {yur wie OF? pen tery ws he aoe al ih ee i ng og Fe STibwin 0. ange Veet _o van 3 [Visine aug _ Westen eS i be veo f Vitam a ry web Viet Ef Vimeaen a in. 2) 59 any te econ in tesa ou huey 3 om Va wets ol rae ‘Te moms we shows Fd Oc ape al ae anee (99 cram Ue INGLE nH BETES ge 4) Sale eh) Wms commute, Pt ut =O Fe es 3 and dg ineciararig Speak, andi ~ ly Tecate Seca ‘itera $5 w meee ao eri ‘Sheen = 0,1, eames pote al dl ‘inc he sn gu pee ye coc Say a Te He oer np Soe be eo common cen a SOSSTSDS- Pete ot tc ne A tse ge comm: ica ial neces 920, nim fe mes cen, me i eS ‘Sa ren adh i sn eg comet el n=l he tl am tet te oe SCHR SNT i ermocomem Deu tod onder ches Flug he ar py cre oto he hype ato Fe. $1 y settee inte ene. 16h ant ean be write fom Ep. 19 oe Vora we A Viera ef ls sini communes aso a yee wen jg 0 “e "he coco eng co gn read y= Om caked by EO tie £00 Tine we eco emg he Trane caching th tts pt Be om 5352" ncn elec Yy ng P58 eps Re ind tt fom me HEA gay, - Mle co 5391 CONSTANT de ewe wl comin i 1 hee omni Sour, vergence oes sh te [Pesowciing mm uing fm showy ewer i en ‘ioe cdot cua codes Bg See Coase he wns (tie Se Wen send Yat y isan? tg nnn The ae ‘och po by why Smet Te cae cones we a Sn Blin teen we ete ‘umes can be alee Oy te follwing peocede, 1. Te pe i end em he ego w= VI, 30)rres Ne MEIN Aa ARETE S331 Ree Character The moan fot geo = YY ene ps Seip cet Snape Pe eld ww ely ‘Sie uetmene ec ame ring ae sal pe ey TS MO (talonsssien te anc beer na ger hen ‘Nenasis anne pnts msec moms sage tan cpg Saft ce ‘ecfor logan esas Sores ern it 5 SNCLEIWE OWOE BBC AFC. 95 tor hn geen) ar eh ae of nas fs es a sme des nT Fa 8 51 An ower ingot oe 534 PRACTICAL DIODE BRIDGE RECTIFIERS ‘ped by an ian site Ry hci, te nile ne pe a (Secure sup ence fret ty ato tip Sia" Acres ston mt 20cm coy aye yc ima Fro Pp fw ee per oto lb {S341 Aue! Caleatos under gy conan Correat ‘Techn ston sed en highly econ ini toe wae sip whe ge no eth ow cig ey oct Then Oe eur cat oi 21 cat ued scat wags caren = ig S00 ite snne ot btn et enue ‘cel ee acm mea, wk me ap os her oder besptmin fig$.21 ese lech ee ndte cerning ig alk oeeny ee poet a(ORR UNE PRQLENY oH RCTS 60 5 <<, Me ecm fig i << a ing tna cat ise gin ‘ee cr ney bc oe ee Pee ee) oan ucts 2 eam key oa we KVL tnd KCL th Ki lag act us, Rearing bone ‘Son ne ert rg 2 le ‘es ‘cen ny ain Fi. 6a esa he, Te ie ‘Ung 1 tagh 413 fr te psi of tron le x)= Mas 30 + Nl be) oo (0 re + Dg etry << # hem edd bie we, a ook * ‘Te slate og. S40 an eee an = nae ER sn) Sa eae eee eee ee nie cain of By 4 51, we mad eine in a etre tions Serec ten ra ne Si teed ‘ecules Tht, ne il th eeuamaches ete ea SEEetey tenes ar ca etme Si te dh, Sig ATLA tO hme ed he a ee OI See The MATLAB pp cat nt pe ce ‘scr ales i coe ale ore Penge te £342 Chet Sila Generel Operating Condos {Re cus ne ius stn ine «gh dines caren wee ‘Secure commands er he we stared Epc a "a lance fy ‘powal i peeie wet = trample $2, Sie he cot of Fe. $20 ing Pp wih sane trae Example Seo Fane mao Rn ats ton, Te Sie nwa ith soe une ae pt it ede ‘aie Aci eo of is hp The ena ced sg tellement do cr teva neti Fst tain Apna: Rot ecg A8 neTER UNE meg oor wee ere 828. Kavmin hiro dn En 2 gue 3.28 Exam 2 ssh hea carat a ei te Sie rig (cee eats span sec te, Ths one crea 83 SS ergs Wen ye Enon eon ay ‘Sune Chases hefner sal ete bau shoe Pe 34, sam es be dare cpo Frame $e te ese of Ego: a 2, al THD te cri et crn, he DP, be ge pt age Si to Fema wn en am 32, TH, 5 tet iacar SS = "10 eer sas, DPF = 04S Cg tape f= 19 A. Fm 4.54 SOMES The eg ue vole” eter Sind 19 tte assuming ee canola) Cos ‘we eco fcr 8928, DPF = 0938, PE = O78 and Vig © 1A, Behe Config wh be ln tape had mc ate Smei Tra nesta vale Oe er Spc Example 39 Sins hier alco antec he per le ope ' fe ‘Sek oma an ay S88 1 cb me fr pings S46 Lineage Ditton sr aes wy nk ich te id re ein a eh in da “he linge er ‘erate pattem oui CC) sree ba ssn ung a 9 2 mr fens adh cogent see wefend}agy om et 650 Fore 35 Larva bing a tn,7 sd he og tin amet dee net Bare i oe oss toon Se pene upg ne ‘Souptng nb cca of Fi. $25 Solon Using Pp, he vol ane caret wenn eo in 4:26 Thal amon rn Ty ag oe os cmon po ‘mtd tobe apna 37 VOLTAGE DOUBLER (SINGLE-PHASE) RECTIFIERS tea pnts enti aa apie ye fica et i ‘tlre inn up nay reed eee CREME Snes Vitec ewe sneer eer sore neva Piven DOV poe wis ne ag of 20 ¥. a tai ae ee ce car Wik eh ‘rotate pe fe opt ae an eee, Fs Bem Y vols rs Can eosin eae a i Be 2909 pei, The ‘Seto; taped ng de ie sea opt ae Senge ng eg bc ees EFFECT OF SINGLE-PHASE RECTIFIERS ON NEUTRAL, CURRENTS IN THREE-PHASE, FOUR-WIKE SYSTEMS es ae nme nd es ung espe ya eae ty sac. Hower. tna the voluge arb an Se ale Pocly ene as etn ofthe ee oka td he seal shod sig es lnfig £28 Austen cme tra al ie pss gay Ince ne {ae pts Mealy oe en mr Soe i “Weve Oe npr eagle pe ether ys at ‘Smeal ned mes ve ne) ine ls ya eae um inal hee net a oc ss) = Vitor =034 Svat 49 ‘suing acd ee wy spy adc ase ae in pues banca mie 1" an Sa mecca el tae Feeney Te > Vitis = 84 1371+ SVB =~ 12Fm) 5 b= Visio =6)-247 +S Vinod de 20m) (58)Thee pase caren spa he atl we, and ete pia Ket baetate 59 iggy Soup Sno $8 ne ane be mm amis estefan ing penn. bo op 0) Sse om he as Seon 343, ee Narooma er hen tnene Tefen $81, hin za ht he me a sel ae api i ie te ‘in etna: pce he name jury oe aw ‘Seta be goe ne Treat se ans ns ‘Sr sch no Sip te ora cond shld eee os toch ce he ie cence. nit fhe nec hhy ecama, there amen ag ats ee 31) N= Vie oa 8 Beomle 56sec i ia Fg 5.28 eet by sted se al Emp Osin a we come wee an ‘me nist sme perp wig im i soe ng Ese Sie Un Spee be nei core oe in i 5.29 an me peste 5 hrs Vet 6 ‘THREE-PHASE, FULL-BRIDGE RECTIFIERS minal pplcaon wee as ages we ale, i pee 0 ‘etree etn cs cmp ge pe ees. hc el Inter pe coat in he wos shes pening cacy The Siege, er own Py 50cm ad ‘it erngmen A theca sn of he er ‘Sin the nso apie pseu men, wl ei ih spiel eu por eis of be scat Fg S64 mmEALIZED cARCUIT Win = @ Inte ceato ig. a, beans swale xm an ed ie Sree cna cut We nil eae rpc he cr 1 Ta eters aes eee te eon, ewe 530 te ith os etry 3 errr‘6 oem LAME NOMS 167 ‘The we poe ia Fg. $8 we i au fom 0 1 he end fhe oni ara t,t St Fi 8, wont udl 7ting hi = 1~ sn dt =~ =~ il Apbing KML (Stop op ea 38 an ig toe es Yd an he he eA om sm _Desommatiieecanbeiiy mipig wi S707 ot fia [pau em ‘a chne of ie ein, re in epee nee alae gh a8 eee Vian om ig, 80 59 sa [lana a=? gay coves Be om ne caren ommaio at ita w 6 he eag l egal nbeganae wher" ring However wih ty aig Owe he aise (oone Be 57) sere ott ace Li he op in eng ig come ine elma She np ee Spe Ase ate cs ‘Div ea“ or 03 era, own ig $32. Theo Be ‘eee vlae sup edn Ye, vo, a ve op ew ue 1s) ‘re, he avenge hag eee of ke msn ve sg Va te merge tage wi ston cnet te, = get oe Sat y 5663) A CONSTANT deSIDE VOLTAGE at) = te New, we wil consi cc showm a Fi. 30, wh te esi a te be tlap seem he an prsimeon ot cease 3 wih geval In Spi oa, we wil abe sn smpton athe ‘ito te Je seo he ete ows Saas sed eS ‘tetova hep aos re mpm! ay es tine hs tearoom ser pa shorn Pp, cpt eae ade spt te ne ne age sem sen oie Th ie Desi ote eG Ban ee ay. Soa te Selon 33 ora pt Be rig ae an wc on tess peal cats 8 lee es ks pc (Te ae ee ni hb Beets‘Te ese ae J mri by pcp co ae. Tis gue 537 ant. show eto PDE, THD ara V/Vg ecg cos ate Casa es Wess afin mae} man te EN pent os \ = she ws) sans oe om Ssé4 PRACTICAL THREE-PHASE DIODE BUDE: RECRIERS nde ise eile ee eel mal i es acon Rong igs naa y meas feel pais ut compene Tag esta ef howe Fi 530 ply soso weg oboe pe I Hrampe $7 The pede mets cine o Fe 5:0 spying ‘eyinac 224 at = SOV aie = Ltn, = ee elie ce nem a una mame 360 1 Oe eet ce net wih nae ens nei a lew inci in agate to of pre lap toten eeeae a one {De serge ope 280 Vit a ja ope pl of 2 Vick uae avenge ve 5 Thence tn? THD 0k DPF SO9F dena) sad te PFs0S The neagedeenen 9 9U A Example $4 tn Example 3, ee er ap 110g wh saaveae iv o78.0V env spent te a \ Saint 938 we oe ig dese stage cna eae Te vf i xp tae leo ning cea age Sion Wik Y= 2740 VY = 03907 Frm i £38 is comets lama = DOS, Ts an 337 pay care wTm “CRAFT 5M FREQUENCY DDE. RECTIFIERS 40%, DPF = 098 ak = 087A se ace vey eo alan ‘oe 67 wi doe Ber cpt 1100 7 COMPARISON OF SINGLE-PHASE AND THREE-PHASE, RECTIFIERS one 0h ie cue wen nig $28 a 3380 ss ae ie ‘Sin sg pe csr ews sly moe rn comps = Fa eens ute sens perme cr ase ghee ae cn icee ie Tk arma y comping Pe 18 a 19 Far ae fa esr oe panes i 97 5%, Fe me Sis as ett ine 4c eer Sele te phe term compen ln pne ce ae et theta Tee eo RSME ee ny he mocha as-yet ele et sewn pion te & alg Vom ond sad Cnc wl aly fon =e oF THE ud eg tn wt me feces ction SMe sway pectin soe ae slr oer engl Pe INRUSH CURRENT AND OVERVOLTAGES AT TURN-ON In be previo sts, ne hv id nl th sts ei pn. Monee ele asc noo en EE cas Eun. ccna ty ogy tn ten SSPSine tv icine tne pine oath Terie, he eae me ‘races caps ue rs LC tonto ens Van = 2V3¥, (see) sm Vann = 2H, lores) ow oral eon aso le cpa ia ogee ac et su Tanda eee on a oe Rese tala a meme 2 eee Pte le an 6 we ig sit ee nse tora be reer at te le ir. Ts ‘Sh declan cine ymin wba os ESAs ume Ae wernt aed meee 8 5-9 CONCERNS AND REMEDIES FOR LINE-CURRENT HARMONICS AND LOW POWER FACTOR hops smote pone eaten print bok oes ‘sper ecu tn pee, se de mer pling mas ing taper eA ape mater ce ng rc he Spey Me eas oe i a en ten come y hm ane nce ae mp2. 1 Fu wy por fa awl arty sco ocd ‘ete cn ely aged bys A ne Howeve 13.8 eta ‘pee ar Sita scone 6 Acs 8A, Sani ri adh esr pn ae ae aera ‘ied en Chap 8 = SUMMARY 1 Lien ie miler ae ed cme 0 4 ait i # ‘angst vcore mmm eS pas ome ct ‘Se cence mst owe spss aos tp oupa vaiae fn dae nal 2, Bato egg acemgins, male ein a red fm ec ‘sy ud fl ee ple wh pe te yep 3. Inpactial icsweewleral erpen wl be umes oped, ‘timate mot esd ota eee age ana nee ares vce cet sch a he tl brn oon in he ge ‘are dpe perc an power ese ‘cared ume for bo owe pe nd se pews = 5 ae ees wih ly ae Be nda ees theese oe nd eS cc, Seon wy ead Sern foe ity ware aay por owe ioe 6 nae a lp ac pl, wage de ei cane wed eo ‘att ible ope tinge map, oop es ale te ‘hes smn ed inom goverment beh ay te ed {vn sad 2 “rene Eg ga so ee ce te fe ae 1 Congas tingle pase tee ae deci ste hat het pe ‘shar pee pec 7. 9 eth ilps ad epee ci ic Inout fee ‘sine ly sym Ae pone deter sre pe, odes| tie eurens ine nr mn HI torte yore een wae wal ae eagle, Tse ee Sees Che PROBLEMS Ssoetcert Pi $3 ¥, = a8 OE L = Wi a = 8 aa pesecuna see sh 42 Ingen saa in a Y= DVO L = Waa ‘acum ‘5 Tuvan ce tie ey emi a fin Dancearea ven Het Vicon) + Vike + Vitus ¥ rates Vilma + Viton 3) 8 cee li fo Tesco Fol a (0) Meme wh ea eng S[k ae meme poe si nd (ty Sasa ge n= IDV He (0) Wesco oe soto ane Pet 5 cite etc ammo sa Senha WA (© hms gr nin wih aaa of 0 = St Pte ay Raya ui, a te pe wae sw in ig So ee acon aac Seah coh nse 157 Inte angieghue ever cto 3.0. se tea ie ings email Teac pa toe eter ope ee pcr, Dee Oe ‘nanos imran uo ‘inp 59 tsar mi se S41, = 9 tH = 5 nme pine ne ona = nd Yo 0a sie ‘0 ee iene tr PSY, = 20a 0 = a = 150 eet een neo yo ‘2 Gath ATTA ropa gine ena eel de en, ‘nti Cone es a pet a NTH oh eae hs ei di Ana at ea cpr ean (0) Aig ntutts oe )= A, Ut: Roa eal Peete at ee am ne an NCS vaiterTimoussy) pe a ea pe ese a ee {1 tg pe ae it 548 ih, sin Se THD DF. mC 516 lt ep cat 52.10 = INV wee 2h = 040 BesGpate reg ho ls een a ‘te ean md Fp 3) sl te cnet en eg ‘Si ahem He neeapbicta ts +i outa uae be tne yo {Gta abe at seem) 1 a uw i ap Yew VL, = 1 al C= Su asso vo a RE ® es oh 53 Ania shinai 2% ne te mane enna we ‘eis mem poepleHe 52 Ines rae cn eh ne ne ee {eo gcurdvtage Show ht of aes = Vy ‘hsp apc Bnd cis eee al ‘ay lie spe es ut $3 tn Senge a me Sto gh cana et Se ne 24 footie ee era tcc i 8 ase bcm te tea bey sna (3) tuna etn or, wig ec an ao. Spat antey se 426 fateh ps tno Fe 9 ae erm eee ta nanan er opt esi: Det ‘ites aes sca sg St src erecta 527 ig Ft a pre i 69g 73 pe mae {58 an rpc. pone open tm i pe ee wie tan ene TMD BPE Spe i ie rane ISS Ie Coto sau = ba f= 58 optey Rees tna een naw 3, ee itn thet concm cease 0p eee Cone ‘eee we me eg omg el fuser ‘39 Frnt tne ot ecumenism ee cere eign Yn 8 tne ne om ‘0 In tgs wr arg 2, Be ma ce ad ‘oti cg instep gel 501 ete te api) ie ca a cae (une conking na eprom [REFERENCES as Capers Res > pte apna tn » Gaeta epcermtematteerie ctr See aromas ence 5: WR ae le Sy Rec Rapin nd owes Fac an ‘Secs ii Ra speek, 6 Men tah oS 0 wanes. le te 7 LGR Do eas ge Se Pop ‘Scr Glen nah APPENDIX. {ioe Woo ps os Pl ee PO ek, Smt a - DMSTLAM PROGINS LISTING FOR EXAMPLE 54{a8 angten suse rangers nor ACIS Fer 8:1 0) ye gt Cina or Exar.) Si in ith Sa SPICE INPUT CIRCLTF FILE FOR EXAMPLE 5-7- CHAPTER 6 LINE-FREQUENCY PHASE-_ - CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS AND INVERTERS: LINE- FREQUENCY ac @ CONTROLLED de on INTRODUCTION |) ewe 32 Popa ane bo Ear‘ a eee me i ete oes nc he ce / Saerd : _ THYRISTOR CIRCUITS AND THEIR CONTROL Fer geno sags the maps he serge opt ogee ‘Sur can sol yen te sane e Sowe ote ‘SS, end eso cou Fa 62 \ os 624 naste THYRISTOR CIRCUITS a ee ee Caer aw eal Se eo gw or yer uid pine ep of 8 ot on, Wi Bye| condi, Sg i ot he 8 of he pete, eee wee Soe of ce eon lhe en a7 Hen te er [ee ane owing Sige aga al of Te Ce es ttn or tyve, cht ie amie sheauaice ie ale ed Sut Stcal bc tae top By még ee were of ed VON Fi 2 dons of Dt Rae oly. he area 0 The ‘nyt Secon hye t= One io il ad 3 "sin be pve hata, when eae cs SE Fosse coen ep andy sy Te nage set a be tan = i no on sepa nape ee See eae tele et one ta Soin actors Sty mcmnieg sameeren ey Sl ee winetfen—e o mong fiona “ tea ui oi gh Be ‘on ges so ear ty moc i ts rah ey he ne 622 THMRISTOR GATE TRIGGERING By cnn te en wich he yr to, the meng cee i Be Eka 2 cine smd n conse meron fot =u ‘eT me ee eth pone apd te wa 62 mmstor cacts 0 nm cM Fen 63. Ga ge oe i ‘erate ep ea, ch the TCAHD a leo oie ed fe gan ga he hyn. Asis aa of oa a Ee town ip 63 Hows nn ent cond ee mpure i bcnel sig on ey agen hep se pe seeing ig ed fe ep oe Aowi e sge ign can cay Ye aed eed wih rpc mepive ‘econ of be ae via (623 PRACTICAL THYRISTOR CONVERTERS Saainicintey Wap apace tone es roa Supt fl tage comere ouch sacs sn td pny hype cent Ti option avd Oy hn Ica te td ee cent pay eRe ef ho carer wars wb aly aly. he te tps ‘connor wal he ces cer il te sae63 Fp 6 Petite me SINGLE-PHASE CONVERTERS (634 IDEALIZED CIRCLEF WITH Lg = 0 AND is = ty “he pt efi. with ain, = Oa ry cent ore ips show nig. ee heats mies, 638, Tact owt ‘ows Se svi happy a3) an one ht of be Som (pepiynioa? nh panne wee coos pe. etirton a Piz 3 wos the sl er operon wo be ro tht rd ia Secon Sete pn char The sug cnowwahe forse thee sens stow “he ma ara ncn fr rele a wih Be yee wl igo ot te weno pi a sors doe) Tham theif al nn =O fer 9 senescent 127 Loos Neu cometh tect of ping ee pn at ae led ya ae secede ray npg pe st al ean om portour Oe came owns teh tytn an, As ‘Sewn mi 8. evolu es is | ce ard ied yon = (ote onda ws t= when ge care ple spl. heme ‘seta har Arcane dey natn i (6 0 = Or becomes megane ag meal oe =i sant fe fo se 3a #1 ten Hand? ‘sistas ee themes, =. Wan san ae cou riya ahd sod al 720 when Opes Sand fe ceed ‘Sie oy emg wh me hte me nat a Sou oma of co Ss phn m3 ass 3 ‘Comping ie lhe deny angi =, wooo ig i a ing Sarees athe rege abe oe & agen Sled ye Sel ng Th expen i can be ie var! Vitsnwaans® Shannon 4tebe eget vgs in Fi, 60 wha On Chae) uae wave whan apie The ee ‘Sted he aay mew men me oe pt = 0) + Vitae] + VAs 0+ pe 6 Th ste omsich epi hyping nie fom fom aS From 612 an 14, hol medi a eed 6 e100 x YEE sean Weis) m= = (64. Power, Por Fact, Rete Ve Ampres Loning te welt 64, hice tn fe eco Fi. 6, DPF = co 8) = con 6 fom ip 612, 614 a 16 P= os, ew Ue Ea 612 and 616 618 ye Peace is ct ental te trae poet hen by By. 10d sed Meson (BESS The del uns nes name ete soioges = Hina sth nde guy spl pe See Seti = +O is Wisco FSU). Oy 5 ts a oe in Fi 68. Nex. wilndnit ase abt In Fg. 69, which gery an Ye ‘Powder cnvete Now fort pe oe ol he ae ‘Sttuae ae omnson ala owns ee Tn pie. ihe ye ome 2A commun poses simi ade ae ete cae "Durga oman eral aor yt on a ta, ‘evattgen, = ie Pe 8 wom soba tame at [vemw tance ‘The Wl sie o 621 ee Ga ve is) Fig 108 se a0 Vive ws om Cyt ep 2l mi a 3 g a ee ae mee Fara. 24 ey 2 at nT fe ea 1 Svat Sate Sete rn bot 6, wt nas fae Sp pees et ld cote #0) cs sa coyCOUUTER 6 UN SHEQLEWY MUSC-CINERL HE ACIS MB RVERFRS ing 66 625 Yes ovtona Zab wx ot 20 Viet rind the ed eames of SEVA. Cale ecomsutatin angle SIRI webs me np vag oor of 91 ana = 3 Te be npn S Ter, 4 ‘hee yout en eer ind ie 628 rea ndy an taneSa= 908 ing ten se ting vase ad Wea SY 6321 Ing Lie Curent ‘ee iptcaria Fig 04 a a eel te) pen ao ‘Ninh amp, ange sania alse a Tere DPF = =) em ‘Te nf he deel egy ar cng i tae by Vly DPE = Ve oa) sing Bs. 626 ong 628 ys Siena = Oe) atl Wate? om r (es ssciesmve corns 188 ‘Them ae oft ie coerce sig te tin mon ‘ep rtm Cos i eer Se sw epoca (63.3, PRACTICAL THYRISTOR CONVERTERS Recto Fp. 64a ea nF 6, we hea seed ye ssi ome wh tim so he oa [ey shat aces Chap ed emt ves dad mer 1 ‘Te wnt hyn 88 tra = ol wana own Te [ine onan mural xo EA ne tae Se Se he ‘som iene ntsc wae 6 eg yw isreoale exes te meng oo of Ey BIE Ne ‘asa * w= 09¥;c000~ Eaten 20 “ost eager atest oot of Fi. 6,gig nth 31 pl Ta Fe rfve 5 fea fe at Ee wom seep etre eet Seiya, opnnre trae ecingrtgemseemtecepe esi _Soameheamemnoe eee SRS Soe em ema etc 1 Example 62 Te Spine ie comer lessee 0, ioe, some, tae dy age = 6 Teo ‘rc by Ly «9 mit y= Lt Ve Uy Foc, te hv nd ‘str and ae Fy DPF PF a THD. ‘The Pp cic athe pat le, wee esis We epee 2 ‘tit ead SCR ele Ine Ape we tf ar cap. he ‘Sys hs eran mode by er vlagecel wach ne ‘nem mt ty rae a0¥ sve Te vlad wc son Saf pu es sat ai crt ing ogh Te Se ‘acto eee ment Trl tas reat cue ne ‘iy nee pa OL) wi pes ent mer sn aa (ie wlage NCGATE) ae ture en he dee etre Fg, awn exer wre ed fr he soe ‘teacinions The pcre an, waves wesw mig. 12am he ‘cedar eso fy = S888, tA DPF SH. = 057 Fer 62 asm in Engl 2 br et Fe 635.1 Daca Corn Condon ig ou wit ow was a he ten ene ins. Fa ea fest cara ube of © Eel 2 meh ay ng eee contin Fae ton he ato Fy = 1 Whe fle ‘ture he wees sip 8 geal ob ns ser ‘Senge ae fe de coe ew 1 inte gle ye i ‘rte wt sco abel epeno y Sey Meek rn wine bese (63-4 INVERTER MODE OF OPERATION ows meio etn 1 th pr amena cnet inner ene ue eon ie vy esd en erin came a hese fein tbe epacey vce oe ‘cman ane ya enn ag Fol angle pea a 0" REISS ne Ur te Sone md ret warm we howe aig 6386 The ‘Senge of ienpae eng 626 nh = 1 Theoret ‘Senge pome (mL cee at ows ome deo hw en te Se P= geo eve tse > 9— Fe 68 Ka iene sap oh Focsanyp fhe veeia ig. 16, te ey sgl a nally mae afi Ieheten Iho ata dam aren nF 618 Then, aod 63.5. VOLTACE WAVEFORM (LINE AOTCHING AND DISTORTION “ay come ein i ie, To mae er ine me oe nee Unaoluge dun Beh se panda Ss te pe ‘Siva elie cn Sit ose vee 6-4 THREE-PHASE CONVERTERS (4-1 IDEALIZED CINCUET WITH Ly = 0 AND i) = “he pl sca of Fg, 6b wi he an of = Oa pry cet Uo ciisown abe bibs, heambemarenss nie 6196 Tce ows cw 18 Th shir comer ith Ly = an cm ce sehen tt tere Siri boe stad operon nea be rv taper Gmc coins a= Os, = eae eae (Mane oe onan ir at The see ageVz mat by 36 636 sas se shown a iy 50) 2s Th eect ig cy ease cmees svc sun is 2 henge Fong oe cure fm tra eh tyres toting sh ame coe cae stn ye 1 ‘SounfThe cme ips vs ove a Pe 6: Sis yy on pes sep tes hi gn “Ths epee the eageS oap be be om he wears a ‘hp 606 nd Te nat ace vey res he econ We (Penge vlge wth sly pescado, nF 6. Tale Vas te Be onAREAL. 1gun 635, Cmmutin te ne Diag cua common ial hy aS sot ae ane pe su nd te Sed ge ‘The son in wins de oman itera Fp 6258 6 ing 659m Fa, 69 a oni Mt cage fam m0 0 the sev [aes wn ne nnn ent 05 a — we vcore ws) ess sed ae Ten cones meta os oo sp g--4 i639) Theo, Ey, 68 nsooo eure 6 UNE engages me cOMTHMULED AETAE 0 [ETERS cute as meeps saranda te ecreaes “Even shough an exit expression fo he comin neal wm need ane Vso ey 53) eaten ello te tae, ‘hci te opie pa eae mes Combes Egy 56 te cat Pe 0 ys ‘etme om some ain f vig [7° snatatwo eet none wo “Th, towing a he comms ner can eee 421 dnp Lie Coet, Seyret nema DF = sone) (65) Aner xen a be pace pone ey igi add separ, fen E664) Sevan ht re ee Pe tem eis DF = oma + coda + on “Te ase int ede fhe barman crn Fes 6776 thongs de ccs fastens senate a af alt ‘thee et oman Tohru ead yh SSRESO Este mala ees Tp i 7 af d 62 mnt amc item ih poison om 4) PRACTICAL CONVERTER, The cat of come ed in pace wa sw ai 40, Hiren a Fi (5 ee he fn repented ye tle sey ye A fame a nda Sah rte ves aad WY mee ot Compal ne flowing apSicbowrty = SDA “2204, DFP =O908 FF = OR and THD = 2930OPEN 6 UNSAEQLEY ECONTMOLLED RECS 0 PETERS Fig 8 Tre As dics in Sen 6341 tp of ip a inves, ey ape ine ee hs serra pba bty meat eg ep) 50 ‘hu aon Then, vee te cree sch a eee a (645. we VOLTAGE WAVEFOMD (LINE NOTCHING AND DISTORTION) Fe 6235 tows 3 pal argent ni Ly ~ by + bo Wt ye ‘rg cal dace ss ie da oie th Be ‘Ente on oars ep acm oping se et item be coms ne ny 8.4 Mya cmatr Ft oe ‘ie To mln ennai tae wi aap td we sn ch Soest fon sion 451 Line Noting Inte conver oi. 66th aes commun pee cece. The ‘mene ve noose shea i 6386 Dang esi, 0 ct on 48, Sn a thar Cont servi apes br amis Vn Se canene eos sa shown Fp ose torched ke pr may op tox. Thew or ber nas mh te pa 43 pe tn a ivavedinconmasion Ragu Gio Se ipcncerC seman ig Se Sn ea ef ng man i. 638, web hie Aa Stone ool ee at fh aig. 636. Taf, fan Ey 651 Deep nha Ae = Date (las) ss) ‘The mh lh wan be cbs fm 6. Asai al an Deep aoch ae dep = ViVein a (a= ely ale) Thee. E645 sl 6, someon he ep ss Nocrniane E Pgtsy Otewine, 642 ane Te lo nas ng 6 Schnee wih ia fr dsp sche Hone te dp a ea fr eo elon aches (Seta campus wi te fe eprenga age) i he as In pre the enc te poi a cononcupg sf ane, The sochline ae ne wag tne sae wih wn ip Sc ‘ery By 867 Hower he seh dean eth es ies te sg phan wea, ee. mF 38, whe as) ‘ers, fr gen a atm i. am) igh alo i est a stats = 008 om ee pn guy EE 1.8 be ‘Spout stub cpa of ptemig acy gp oye ong “ale 0 Ln gd Lin or Se Tae a ae MDMA terra Sonic Bao 5 (Di 2 ey ccc ay he pe ate a nd ‘il The tose ntgea over ep wn espe 6452 Yotage Ditton “he vlan at he poi common ping ce ae ty mee | ce gist owing hao cmp oe ane ne est Sac merce tac [Son » wtacr)'® ee, ie et el ‘en in ea ot it of ‘teem at follows The wl ms a of te hau compe er an ngae hee tees te Sires et ree id tees Riemer reer pias 6-5 OTHER THREE-PHASE CONVERTERS ‘nt ere pe fl, spun eee adi deine cei secon hr scree pert ema pes be pe mbes cme. th pute i eee wih sconce, the ee hg oee ih ape nfome Saleem ea son The chief cere ply Sede emp ar [ie [pubs one caer se wolf paige tena SUMMARY 1 Ln ten coral rile ier ewer one nso over wes ieee ac an be sae apie By Sele best aegi of tyson ieesecmenen, symone unt faeFee 36 Sm dine ce eg lap i er he tition moe ot vein oN. Te dee venue ‘ers pty bbe ese cue eis nc 2 Hea o 9 nsening prac of dase ese, dace Cap 5, te escorted cane monly ne! hop pot ee ‘ales ony mi pose val), the ere er) ons a yor ge pvc, Ady, ee ‘ran pce hs a ine nage wacom ‘The elope he coe pat an th meng ovens opin he ‘hss eared ig 36 na nese a ‘Scorer spond any 0 hg me a ‘Tanai. wc aca a he ine gene ce eee ae se one tm eee ase nes PROBLEMS ttc ae Ane, Snip Whe dca Fre aig no Sse aa a Cue Se de 62 Intec. eae tata a nen 29 Feo R tet" Stel sedate arate Rr Fe (6 Ine spt come. nt og a se wn i nde tii VEsfopeng wiohs Amn, A Osaeeneaeedenmn teat Sin lgsate' Che estonia nang wae te toaaea ts aa (6 tape come oh 9, a gba i i le Sov Tropes sto ase od =O (Ct ec ene tnd Ym yy a Wy lnpns sn ny 834 (hws ca apg 8 : (5 Contre ght, load mewn nF POS elma (a) Oro aed mn ny rc a ea te Way ro (0) Cat DF. nd THD Y= Nas te ee ata (© Roepe le eee (Compas pt a rere (66 mur tnd me ig hg cn Se copa a ee eae ‘aloe ene acs of a Sh ah (67 The slp cen of Fi 6 ping eno NA SAYA aon ‘room ssoente ag gt 19 Rc we he gemet tymetanig. tn erie ony tome aR te eee laa Sateen meacmitentaene Peer eres Seca aries teenen tecane tome “ty a 9 Inte pets oF, 6:16 = IDV by = 2 b= 2 nepSRERT ct Mie Sagan toot {10 neem of Pe, ey ap 1 wn 3a gh [rc Chey ayos mereinaen Hrso eo ‘Sams meno” (61 nee tna 63, ee ep te ie wet penis (12 Inte sce ig 624 Y= YW Heo = 24 Ce ‘onrmmom peg Val = SO 10 Ine gc ee cone i 8 conga pk inane ge US mn no ve eco yar (61 tntetnn peor he 62, ete pen th min cmt a ‘tists Cuunocnectaciet pig nlp aes ne et ‘Saeed ng (6s Cnr rec, hance own ni PC ei fe Shastcear cr OP Pho Sb wap ame cp ooh oop comer eg, 5 yh = ar ts tis arnsen yu etn ome. os murano erame rt ee aoe See SSMoya rary eae Stn seTacnimararaas ara mee Siar te eae St! Frepeeetarhtenl interment ‘> umamaeterewrany ei uee maninee sapere or inane esawran cesar SRLS Gane avatar of 55 s SE ener ntrremnty cere tn = ime ‘Teg nc Tee fase ap te mam oh OA 62 Gants nOberetg terpenes wth sos nce cer ge he Sn REFERENCES: 1 Man, “Pe En: Cone Sie, Ain ao Lg hat vent pce ons Pn Etna ead Ea fn 80, Mma te 5B SACBtie kg rf Pu ee a So 4 lar of Ela Ets Ec HEE oa Ha aa tt ee Gopi st nw Cnc” ASE Sani RA ration pres aT 5S fcr Genel Pues Tyee DC Deve" TEE Sond 971985 EEE” New rk > Bo ey, a Gf mt AK Cree + SE gm ssi Cate" Sern te amie Speen on” Poof EEE, Wai My1 arms ieee macomnumenres ewan APPENDIX, (pe up ala a Poe Bic: Campin Ay a ‘te ing ator Vonage” una ve Ean, P, on Tima.) SPICE INPUT CINCLIT FILE FOR EXAMPLE 6:2 ha ansae™s TIES CHES HEE Shen 6 Abo) fo voor eaAeeSt gr 6:2 Papa Ca Eg ee eee ee SPICE INPUT CIRCLIF FILE FOR EXAMPLE 63 Hoot ee.0 3) sae) ena) Bit 22 9, Hite caster = 0 CHE 35 8 dar acscreoarey ef sa cn nna. Te: ‘ea = BE ncleore} dean ote Se apt En ao160 eTeR UNCINLLESEY cONTMLLED RECS VEER S809. Eapseco a7 caoun) 0 0 (rotse_arom) (1811001) 2g Hi (S89) = (0.00.0) (Oebe40) (2.0.1.0) CHAPTER 7 de—de SWITCH-MODE CONVERTERS INTRODUCTION a vn ee a ct ‘spp 800 htc nde Ck mere Soon of i ‘Ni epoper Te alpen ed fm Se spo eet tina ee} | i‘ie omer ite a dase ein i chap The ai, hey ‘ey ose plats. te decid mt Shas log nin eee sean = Te hp: homers weaned i ely ae. Te ihe vst SS ee an cnn AT Tat eae cen aun ae re npg ‘ncaa veer ma cline Se et olan issn Chap) wage caps. soot cP "Spite ab eral ape ans buh sue Ince oapt ag te coer sma Se td an ep he scutes agar oy sect ‘ite wean shes mecnteraneeeeSr Sean ee CONTROL OF de~de CONVERTERS e-em trie dup ig mt econ ei aed ‘ct hub hes wap an thou ad my acne Seach nee FMD sich evi day oD wach daw e moo on oa neces here ro cl wr oh ewig opens a ded carver waif commented ys at rene ana cess ok Vata ne saci giny me fe soe rape congeners e npr an oper ta oe oe Fire?) Pest ha 2 Ober th af rem aia 73 eh ey a irae eth ey cmp ce ely i cin 9 anpthig ts ro te ome cue was res Te fg ee ce ne epeesedSTEP-DOWN (BUC ) CONVERTER Avice inpic. aepdon cee oii aloe eco ga SESS LE i oti ea ei ei o.com edo mee fia purty che al” Avaya wh ome rp os eds ply este os a ms or lage mre oe 7 S38 Eicon fe son poste Te ewe ope vag cob ee [oumwet (fees 09) ree 08 Sein for Dn Ey 7.2 om 7 el sont = Mant 1 vag ey a ie ih, canecone. Arnett cet at eg page es ew ea ge, Sf tay Sesame at the wch wes SEIS eat eee sey ad ele fy te ron) Ti rae ha of Ya whch mates ot ‘Bovnintiy Toe up tage unas weeny och Sth! we opus cong ne an ese Fp 70 ot Oe ee ‘renter toe amc eo rng? et incr apes oe he i pe fc ‘ower af ow p in ele oe mace eve an he ‘Sng ny catgut ep aig he lw te ich ah de a i 7-4 comes vee ‘Sina eh oth od te ser cum ows ep ee, nrg fhe ay ae peers erp uptime fever ena tee yes sug wet oat Fascor it wager Vr Te age tapi va up vere Fag. Tee bse tin a epdown convene, te erage inductor cots te msgs sot ct se neg greet ‘Sup aneln oe dud Oapr 3 Seton 3251. | 74:1 CONTINUOUS-CONDLCTION MODE ge 7. hows he wees fre inns odaon me fp wee ‘ence ows secs 0) >) Wet he ic ono ie ‘bean he eh snd aor cet el ee ames vee ‘NT ets in a pute tages, ~ Y= V, mes benders 9 ‘Th volage Cnet ine nee ine intro cae Wh he ch oe bce fe indie ery ssa Tae Hoes thogh Sade ty = Va6 Sin in eye ener mist eet men i ihe ext te ime the duc welage ve eine pd at Be 0 3b nf 75 be mig sin ips Be eas Aad st ¢— Yoe VaT.~ te) ay ‘ionamin tet ct iin iy tt ei ‘Recpwca at ohag hd enon yor oe pre The en ns ca as Sey spy eng he vou Pa ‘Shing ate sa vag tu Oe natura aly Operas vy. egecing poet es mec wh ol ec seme, ep power Py» quite ep poner Pe Terr wen an rine pan ce ee eee te nee ow emer 142 ROUNDARY BETWEEN CONTISLOLS AND DISCONTINEOLS, CONDUCTION te hs eson, He wl dock ete ht ow eine of ais cat Pecorino mene ng tea ecommerce son tse and i og ay tne cn ness Se Sats suger le ne ree bce wi i eseefor ng ei cnn th gen to ate fT ei Section by By 7 te oe Si 7-3. pIScONTINCOLS-CONDLETION MODE Dapeng nti tn fee cme pata Yee pat ‘ls Uaioe crest. Bob ef ee ye oop 781 Diotima Conaton Made with Cnt wana shave spend nl, mil const, 1 Sell yang te cer ym “Set 2 Vee eget crete ef otic ma a om 738 sae eon =» . in hung, ne dt. 78 sw pt a een he ey tn, pg al pane ota, hh a et re Frm Ee 7698477 a= Minna 0) ow Th power ceed (ete a ace lap he ee (nr cantm il eens As ows nf 9.7, a ce De te oY, pe r During he el 3, wee he inci caret ete pve at spite tied ics Te crv Sie inal are Agu, sun gl he ac oe ono ee (when ye wee 4 < 10 Fem Re 77. = "Zio +a, taney 229 ay =", int 720) oy nna, nt 8.29) os, wes oe From fa, 10 mt 8 Figure 7 shows sep down cnn catoin th ma prion ‘exact Te vata nots) spat eataon stone tas "sf a wing 7 a1 The nny tee ms ed ‘S-Stoumemr mae sown ye bel arenas yf 7S a 73 7342 sstnves Conable it Cas Y, In epi sch eau pone ln, Vy Rack a Vo tytn est eD See garb, Mn nt co eof te py eBpMin hoe SY, cnt, ai ayn a| teers epi Fre Sedan nee dhe eine she ae pein og = Om iV i oe i l= 0 Pham om Fore comers gece we point elo an he sje yo Ds too lige Cn 10 nF oh we i Sue thcmtensondon ml ine Yr hep nan ong wi | Ey votre one meV apne es hss ety ein Da etn oT ae in 79 io aes st sy tpn ist The by ewe cs the dct ie frie bmi yin B30 To OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE i : Ine evs ans te capped ae as il = fA ite erin opt wih race apt 7 t smal pence Ay tate ioc oe seh 1 or ‘incite cng ow eye a mae hed a . Fees ann cre 4. Tete pe a le t Fir 710- apa ig spinamH ‘hee, ing Af 7.22 he eis euion es om oa 38) ung 1.24 how ht te aig lec be mid ying a oer gy he ets fe be ch a fe fy Abe be Ape ‘Sipe tne erence enema, "we sl nschate oer aps, he pecenge pe in te cage age sey sped te ete ue, Thee te “nj pes eons smb) = iota bene at te Seen cnt be oe STEP-UP (BOOST) CONVERTER Foe 11 sows »aepap coment ms apo I ep pve ‘Ss athe mae igi An he ae Sn he ot {ele eye seer ne pt vg. Whe oth ot de ‘reensatg eg hn ne ne. cin nese Soe say ade eo ecg med ‘Soe geo cane 9 cos otge )™ F H44 CONTINUOUS-CONDLETION MODE: Fie 742 Sows esas wnfrm fr hi mode af conbtn hee he Inc cue Row soot Ut) > Sica tn nto in Ween +e Yolen = Few 71 Sup dete come . ae “TPE SP} Fer 712 Comins mo ihn nih Dit sie by 7a erage em yt om 742. BOUNDARY BETWEEN cONTINLOES AND Noes aoa piscoxrry genes a he of ts on inn mci genie anal The wg eat Plena he 718)Fir 48 Seppse-ds mene te aa ici eg ttn ne ct ep cma en SoS tao oo! = et tn pct al pee Ye ne re tele SPE Wag emcees sama = BH os a om _ om Fe 7.6 shows that fra ne, nh on Vf te rege ad are eB Ja ahs, te Senger creat el he eto 1-49 IScONTINDOUS.CONDLCTION MODE up ome case Vans D emu coma even Soh ae, D ENS Ce, pote bon — apt a ae Bee. Sopa om ams ie nf an eal vay ep a. 7-14 camps he warm Tiny oom os Sn sn osm sd Tei 714. te dconinnscarecancion ce decd PP.) sot hes, (ose, sti Sane ene se mt inh 2 leer nd ees} oy ee Tr equ te lf endo alag ov on tne erin 6 WoT, + We aa ionsD om Fs 71h te mene pte nh ae we tr tax Horo + 49 oe) Wg 735 ate oping eatin ye 7 oa npr, se hl cna aD vic inp evan ‘tue ete octal reiterate Dara fncan odes is sf Bp ang p76 1 and 3, eS ar o-lsilis-) te en aaa meewe 118. Sepp cme tis ig Ft fete sutton ig hw tine ps, 1p Wont Fay WOE ws aero pine pcp a hea ete ‘inne ett cl tar ene se oer ‘fete rs dng hgh win er Emp 74 pg come ay i aed ie de cep a "el ini fan Se Me ‘SXimun pwc WF sy eno as te coe {Tiaye open Socom mae Te Sig ess ‘A Tofnd be mastimam a of Lt ye cae oon ines, we ‘isin ee te con Se acer anew ae Tarte pnen pe of Vi (12-96 VD isin rage of 078-0.25 (oeponding wae tg nl es or sree enn coeinen 172 eft nig 0 = 07897296 aH an asAtwecn sie * mou pF sot comer pert lb ae eof cen ets si Sh a Teh4 HFFECT OF PARASITIC ELEMENTS ‘Tie pric een ep ap entre te hes i ith ect tes so sings stern Unke he han ‘mae dnc he yi protest. Bcone ey eich ‘Shin te of yt a ae oes 1-45 OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE ‘he ako pe plein atlanta fy ose me fem doen Fig 1 fracosans tpn, Atany hth ‘Sno compen fhe doe eat yes nh tea ee {ate vr heap be eer the Sed eng ep he 3 ‘howe, he pest pest stage pe pss 80 _10r,Aj i aon gee Sepa nee ona ag 208 tee r= Rone) oo BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER The sin pion opp tack- Ds omens inept ise mple whe swans poy cop may dese! wt pete ‘Sgr nal apt he pe igen eer ho Mk bn cerca te taney te secretin te se comer te panna ne snp.p comer Ine se peo ‘Sitar colng oon ode be omen so eo ein tts cssuminy ta sn eh ome ae a0 ¢ (mE 73 728) ean ve, Riso pr eb eit tap, ad “he atte common of he aepown a he pop comer cin te oni esl ks cera ss 8 When he wh ince int vies ney he inc and hd vee sed. ‘hb sh pen gy te tender wasted Be oe No ‘Guy pied yet ding a Ie he sed ie ays ‘moa he spt ec sos Be Ye esc es 8 ‘ream opel 9H Rare 48 Bae conor CONTINUOUS-CONDLETION MODE Tn nepal be der tg nr ie pe 0 Ys Wr, + (Wx, = 0 Fre 718 Mabon cen > chon ih ll80 carter > aed sec or NOLES gation 7-2 igs th een the yo opt vos an Be ior iierooer bas eo {652 ROUNDARY RETWHEN CONTINUOUS AND DISCONTINLOUS CONDUCTION rom Fi 70s, i oa Fea P78, boul ous) iy wing ap tgegh wen se avenge increta he on aren ie er of ote con et fF my ow aplitos in whi dA oem el gi abe tot See nee Dm you ein Fa os) ing Ea. ah 79 pes 1a ~ hana ~) om) = a= hana ~ DF os Fie 738 sho sant non of. hei = ent. 153. ISCONTINUOUS-CONDUCTION MODE. Fg 7.21 shows wiv ith contin Ie ogit einkeo Scar snr ot i pte ‘= Wr, + (Kas) tate oy ow | . a an eM erenta oy rea 12 eon a 239 °F : t [a ee ee Fire 738 tk-tees et oun f sina Scni oion. 2 aa peinwe at a et) gee 2 Maken ec ing eat Se hep conmat fl in D8 uct of te at nd et vats ne fF Use he eis dete, wed a 39) gue 122 sows he tof Dm fino faa 6 on ae of eth wey ent tas te Sts ode own fs Beampe 72 insbck-bo comer pring 0A, = 0S The opt cpt Cs tty re nd Vy= 15 The tp be eps TOY set comer pig ao TOW. Cae aD. Solon Tn eum, = 10~ 1A iy, emo cmon nt Seon te re ele a nF = 04 Gil vine) roa B78 Ung D = O4 gn = 5A 7 fda ta = 5087 ‘Sehr, = 1A I tan te ae condone 74 FIVECT OF PARASITIC FLEMENTS Siaefchnetn Si esse Sete pln beta {Sabena ews ll Se mse deer: Te Stein tae poets 155 OUTPUT VOLTGE RIPPLE ‘he plinth pet alge cme ited y coming tmnt in Fe 7a fs cn a oe. Asn ue ak ‘Sire bled wes in fg 7p tre 30. cee pe pak ‘tage ple ese 2 ag seit cepts) 08 "hh analy can be perored o be Sconinus moe of pein bike‘arom Fare 24 Oj ag pin ct ne UK de-de CONVERTERro E759 and 7) cay ay ‘a adi a ema el fe = a8 ‘te ge etre oy eae Dt, Went sinh he caucir ‘Scher yn am DSc seat ee nah of ae as SIC, oe on te pia at ee nal = kad, os) fe ea) (se P= Pa 4s) has se Te eg a “pense me ay oi Vt a An Seaway ple fe ute bec mow sree eh es ‘eae hl cnr ose ian tam {derelict dg oe ner ing rp A ie a ‘nae steepest os ap wi» ee piecing oi ie mt i oe ie nwa pi ee 1 Exam. come cing 5 te y= Ly = ist Reap colette ‘pring 8 Wo ata. Asune eal compnens. a pcs ee ma om te a yi (a ie soa ame oe contin. om E78 fig site ce nn ect, a fn Deans so ek edcownren ‘es, om Fi 726 dng ef ine 080405 Dy 1 Aton ats ly 041 aes Tmo Sib oande pat as sting own te dedcane InP 73S. Sarpotg ng eee mt 9 gue 7-8 hs ht wi be ne withing en, PWM th wg ‘ome sng ras le me le spe ee Whee Fier 230 fn lice wn PRM ee ‘eat 1 ‘de-de CONVERTER COMPARISON ‘ese on. ss kh nik men i om ee pots uneontvgnecmal comes Al bse omene ‘ne sien poe fw we a a) eed inet Salvage omer ont eters avon, ton oe oA oe (lesen Chaser te ln cone opou a or gman Sap ‘Rha of soap ne mae be flowing mptins 1. The sae ie a ge aia ve The ie fe ‘eee ee bef = To pes 2. Tt ai a eed aim) vee, Te ep a "icant bebe tele 0 = 2 Te gaan ay Ten yt mate he i en eign eh pa SP te cn Pl ey ‘a oe er gs he neo agen he ee Tnlevey bod ab tk Caco cs ty ed he mami) use 075 t aled & D~ 08, nh Corenne mnie fide cone, sich anon cr pled senate ene neh ereneg rhe m7 ee Sentry one Ts coms, eth maid de cme fal pale, Sniea. Itohip awl ue up vgs Sop me mp ae ‘seem or npn aay ol open aept ,n ‘Sos rte Ci omen shal eed Simla ema! Wo ng ‘eer nly bet ar gta operon ae. SUMMARY nis caper aris oid cnet wel or dod cnvenin a ‘Se Ene rte pe cme acorn ning guna Be Shit voluge- cone pe, Sect song pow ow ol Stn, ny coves eat eing nse) eau be epand by ts esac vlae a an gun stage ote. Smlat inn cob ‘roc! 9) i cane ret a elt see ete along SE ipepie cere ibs me a Wao te eed epap Ca) aye oi nace de ing sc dessa na dct) be ste time rte ent a pe ea oe Seno he ae camino epown apap mt Ck omen he ey tener ete iar pe fos ey ery oe te ere orn, to volap sues eee yc ae a ‘elie dom oe Tepe aheves een ow per bg a th de at ‘suit hom ded in ig 758 Ts ter ape al ay eg es pin ov ew epee ad wi Sy an perigee» ep Smee ‘Sets How pers fom th ees cnet sore ihe alg Se 7 Ripe cone tall he et = Yet an SS nc ays Ch in chon aoe oe Gite Selgeucpan nies eve as dom 73 tet 7 yet er ef pice rg Lec ri 7 te gn 3, fe cn 1 en 72a pepe ed fi 20 © Gowers tt est Ont nen ed ce {ey ag Se BV 088.6 HOWE 04E a= She Cate 3 ee 79 ine mt i ie co te is11 eaten 74 ae 3, ppt na aig 5.2 i teat = 3 en nse nt al ap mee ope 10m c= gf 27H Geman A Be rh 15 ee ap ape 76 Inte 1 pep na og 20.) eg a cox converse tees re 73 ae em ae nin et 8 I tie tc vee ng PHO tee han 25 in este yf eo aws, 19 ep ten 7.8 APH il aan se ore pti eg ne cere 27.21 ape ten 720 ip 738 2 72 Innit damn nng PHM opal. a de ie iv ch ant nmap prema Cas ‘rem 12) fap ts 72 or PO a ge ing ane 724 Ung Ppce ime tl and oe ws a Fig PM ‘apseioy nd POM ap sy cg setor ee ar muss 199 [REFERENCES Fad fe ip, Ns Yr 2 GS hn res Sc Fc Sys nd ly, io 2 REN Po Ss rer Corin Sa ninthCHAPTER 8 SWITCH-MODE de-ac INVERTERS: de @ SINUSOIDAL ac INTRODUCTION62 2. Sige pe mee with age alain a sf ees i sie Tee es Sip Seen vous cone sree BASIC CONCEPTS OF SWITCH-MODE INVERTERS be i,m out ena 8 wm ce Sept ttatmaie tg’ paeerern Care ere eLetter estar ent picasa he eS" ancens fete a ee ‘Speedo ina indents pve epic oomcasosoe renee aes Peleteerte enya ere renee a cfr Tio, eater mea Fig Paras cooing Ee retinoentrepetnerntt teretrmnhred ayikeer pa Sach fugu ert wi inte Chg 7 i was Soest aati Pc mee cnt iy indent en Tec, he ge Sree 127 sec te suche eer rane Oa) oe Hef hese ‘aie amen rear egAShws Fig fe Al eos net ‘pope dred inthe dee om eg camera eg ae ‘tect eats, tw be so tm ero 8 te et she ee lage ai, oar wee he me id So “Totten te ox nee hanes eee 84 emilee pt dag Yess te et ns Sols tae eese mths plea Me 4:24 PLLSE-MIDTHLMODLLATED SwiTHNG SCHEME We dicen PNM allie ed ene in Cae 7. ee, 8 a ‘el yan sn only veg tin) ar compared mika eat ine) wang warm hose ease tng sie, Cong SS es che ae older ato ns in apc ‘ota ates tee gat omc oe at "own nf The gc of wana seam ees he ee ‘ihre and ery Ket cea ang wh aie tre cng the PWM then i ace We ie gs The ‘raga wnt nS ashing fen whch ext oe ey win bh verti ae sn ff a ceed oe eee ey ha Ses mer enh od {fie te mag sey in tt he ee ep age ‘Sere. Theale neon meet em st Renae he peak mp fhe cota el Te aap Ry te ‘SapulpanN |Using 4d 5 de in pn, whe bow he ne ety sn) asc de MB a wo Wie me meio wn ich ows at soil PBL te angie a te fel eeny “ompoe h sope age notype, = 1) To 2. The harmon ne veer cup stage mtn ea Aan, coms woh tng ns a rane SS indo. el pun eral al frm there es tngany iin sa 29 enc he de exe ey perp) ehcp wat neat my Ane ci nh oy sco Theta. ae eee a ‘clap ine acne ad Bm atte hon ar coment te seb fiw te ges wea et as he tm cy rn Fa le TETh ti nae bam ahaa bled weno af be septs tc atom, tem 23 Oy one with nc pes ‘raf Tia fe ice nats css pod pene 6 peer a Waa = Woe 1 Tae soe tg 87 lowe ot aay ade mpd he ‘emer ne pe ae ately ah 4. Te hen my shat ean. Cheng my an negra inapaddspamy (fc pam wel shaun Sey = = Fralsan ee a horse th eh pel far ny 1. Tat, ‘herons snl ch ns Sap en he wt oe ‘Ss re sn se eT bet ost coed Se ¥ eee one Bib" bat Gen ty on as sooo > aio da oon wei Gon Gan Si ate ass Sole fou Bory tect m0 te di Ee le etn “volage and some of the dominant harmonics in v,, wing Table 81 af ‘sae Fom ie Sera gen oe = wn iat a ‘ew fon mh Patent hah eT xo ty we Sime assy ee OE ir oatn= tee wht tra Sor oaratny wane (Db oer tan te (eons mor cones may am Now ne ch seein of shin een nd te gay mae any me Beas of see gms hgh Sere ei hag ty =m reac Swing oes ne src es ply bein tego, mn scons Sac ey ‘cited ete! es tn Ss gr Deon a aes ‘ge opiman ecg ec co SO ea ome)IsDate we an ecpedby te vanaf alent wi 020s (eur Toor, 30ers e pe ps, ah a er ee thane feu tbe erry be gen ih 200 etree cs yay 9 ree ar er oiing ees of hon Sete Seta 0 ech iss er (inte The eee nti wen nga seer span be ols simdeicdyHow ge my tein bere = 21 ‘acd ste rd bere ge ad sl hs wlio mesh ira Here t med ae pie tsi om a Sa myn =) 1 Sona PM. Fr sl via fm he ng were i a Seve snk ena Pee seer ee ‘Zone ge sysnon PM th enor PM my [tang wa arom he dec fee) ‘ey were nau pao Posing: ate ngs wae [ene warms wit ge ed oven Feu. eve eee) wee fear of tne e542 He ad m= 18 ‘fog wve funy sb be xy 6842 81.3, 2 maa ager, Araceli. sad be inert ‘ei gene tn in PO mp gfe.» 242 Large mm > 2) ‘The npn thro oo aypeon PAM we smal a ales ine Tht re rs of my aceon PI cn be we mee Be Fate fe trp wart hye come, ahs he es fo ‘tn une oimcper ues omy fn ay eg). owe, Be Ine sig ad sn aeons eo cr en ‘cc, te phoma sae, wl et i pcre hw MN Vino reo he wyntrnor PWM sa be a. 2248 Onermduon im, > 1.4) Ine vious dacs, ne oe at my 1.0, coping 2 invita inte Hn ange There amp fe tena egy eae ‘asym eda Bf age orm, = 10. PWM pss (bear ih ney ge ie eng Cie? a ml poe nap ede ec of ania WM eco tess te uta ate cpio Be Feeney ‘Sopa ton srg ree mT ama ose of Be thes ‘su vlae wn of F836. To ease spe of ufanea-guny compet in he cmp hag ms eed end 10 ing swat led cme ‘Seda Cer eo ge cost my ae aro ee ‘css compu! wi etc np whiny = 10) me Soon 8. The mons nda op eH remy tt oma ang Fier 87 ama de rm: dna m= 25 = ‘aeons ney wih np i ‘Rhee es be mid pa neo dc on {eo fours fone be ps nen nme ea a ie a me spa on my te oven pon Te tan oh erg img = 0) wen (ye ely th ns ‘Soper Gens > : ‘Snape pe eve on tment at 2 9- trons PM prone hu sg econ aden ey Salvo aay _ ew Vag ny igterbicpersestesine snot utenen onset ioe SaP itp age Inte one oe ceed m Chae oereon rary ed Tefen eas meme ge arm ere Ucn stn, ce be cll fan nth emote pe im, om 2:22. SQLARE-WAVE SWITCHING SCHEME Inte sue wae sachig chsh ich einer fF. 84 Ahetafyce 8 ft sad pa guns Tn oan et eae ‘Them soe i$ Ten Fw ea oe ne feeunld) en foo ‘cd thar he quae wine swching aoa sect ce of the smd PW ‘gen pnt, me wee, Sa nae noneet eee e Saas ihe vee critacees te Se out) f a w—— 4 83 SINGLE-PHASE INVERTERS 5-41 ALE-ERIDCE INVERTERS (SINGLE PHASE! Fae .10 saws tener Hey, ge api eet ‘teas he pt anon ns pee setae eos ‘Scheme Sten ecg dol dhs eo Set ls ri oy at pe Inter due nen sid re "Asming PHM seth tha ht ag wasn ni xy sine #3 ele pd a ewe eich sae ane eceh tetwocpion Cand nck hea nd vy lage ae eal ‘Went, emits Te 8 cmc ena oe nee ee ca ‘at ts eal een ne scans Sy nhs eis Tn (Beer? oD” cmd pending oa eo an el ‘ever the wo comin Thn the pasion Cand € ue “ef lnm npr eft, Ts sho a yest ota 10 Saye mpc ‘Shee ow nh epee combat oC. mC, nat tse retin coment Tire, cp ing me ea pao one ae nt Sa cre be pty ining ch tn ol te os iso cng. he ‘fet aap cans cya pet ble he se sean ne mene hepa asl sue ain oe ic as coo 16 13-2 FDLL-BRIDGE INVERTERS SINGLE HSE) Aang ner ssows ig. 81. T re comin ene es ‘te pe dnc in Se 4 an tad vs sme nat owe ops Wi tee & pst vue te sone i oe eeere 1 Sep ap ee fungi et at ea ie nee, he te See Apo tn ars anc ai i peg 521 PWM wh gle Vlg Sethi pc in cin ih ea te ce, ‘eo ene te oem ie ‘Sooo ea a LE pe of eres B gave Fier 312 PES si isogenic 9 scape noearens 218 fy Ace aa he To Won a aa Fiat a= onl wn A) rs ~ nt Bath aw ‘ey wnat shown Fi 12. Te mais cai at Son #2 fr te Sinn erect pe ie wr iatyenainenne oe Baya my sto) am m2 19 20 ie 2h nee tt ele bese a Ye ‘Tats ero iy treo icy weds FM wa ee ‘tage aching Ta ptf rons ete gs on ene oY ‘Snes as te! ye owing empl A Fir £2 be ais cot ol a= MOY mth m= mene ftir eyo thee tnd ements neo be an brace me Somers ig oe ™ Solan From 8, he an ins a ei by mihi Be em nae in amps Tt rr tage ay enon A Beh 4 an Wa Ee Rt eons fat en ‘ri, h ms ages ls Woy Be Sonne eosy Ha He cea, ami ke et an a rsp, Aas hh ec es wil be dae ei wl sate ae, shown nig 1 Te sg enc buna ey No apprcing eaiy Teie Hero te aphowcingeuny capwos in a he component Lad C ee oe ad ie es ‘owt iow tine mpl ste cney sre nee epi. Sce Be ‘SS soe spelen aan pve pes ‘eetamunas pera Finn mae spon, Fig 13.6 ce sin ve a he eval castes Vine on 1 nis hon nig 813, nh ane ane a eu en ste ues ue slosh tla Welding tah ae ed sh = Vitis 6 32 wt 9 i the gy heh ‘ie lee whee e-ihng emesconpennt io oan oii be ge a ep sin = Hd0U0= Vita Vtaog 6) 0 = iow Woaden Wah 2) 1 Viteostnt 8) 035 tan hen 2 en ox sn ee a te —™rrlrlCC Seeing ps aoe scar oc oy SNCLE EE NNERERS 2 ew 4 Teds ca nee phe or PEM Sop hie tapeucza sem, reves npn iste otap te apo se ere ot et Rely age Sted yen iy ie vay A gprs eer {nate ve Tene Seapine sae Ses prs Seiwa oun) Tne a aes {bere routes pew macnn Caps 5 eg in he Tefen eile) Ar sown car E26, Comat y ‘leper te ew rcs his en ee ‘Sree ete gy ee ope) nee aun ee es ee ‘he per vse, aboot debe bs powers cnouay pie “eee 8322 PWM wit Uipa Vtage Siting 1a PM wih unt ag wii, hehe ih 8 se alee Inne of i ae mie inn rhe evn POM chen eet eps Aa teat mera ote pay yeaa evih sab “Yan ete Atsows i Eon, comp of SSENSE Rita wane eng pets ae ‘Thecupe ong fiers A wih ropes emp deb ishow S18 Re canig ee Bsn he a“i i win eiching ie pe. icnse of te fick, inks ape wih te wich. te feo ngage piety fy Fad 290 pnt fe oto fe nt te cme vag eke hat ne ase pe oes te op ol dnb Duty he ete est ie 8 ‘See wen hem te Te on eaters fe cto So, wpe ahs ‘PWM scheme aed PM wi sal vue ong. ppt ae Font wit tia beeen sos) alge swan sine eaten caine ‘scene the ange of “tc doting ec ee 1 Oe oat harmonics ae concn, compete Np sale ing ‘hee, A, eugene cu vege aenh ont eed ‘compe i the eis ae “Te ange "tying wishing gency wrens a he enc pec te up was een, wit me casa ihe ‘elias cu) ae oni rset Sesh fey oy ‘tend if cnn ef min ron be cag bea (fe PWM nih ipa yolue sesh) nt glee moeer, The se ‘ete tty me Sey Il es ee weet [Sei ter The harm: compas he ich and ‘rhe sine pl qr bu = IB. m= Ose woot oe tcc an mss be eT nt cance ene ‘cope a he ctang gue pt slage sens sooo ‘tet af he snc ean) heme dpe sin a ‘he dint amc ati etching ese ash wae ings B= me ime to, an eine wy 3, Cure py a al fMoqeny volgen wre a amin hon nthe un ope Solution aso te cnn pl wae ing, hon ee he sami se 20 tte aren ex tun oun 2a adh pes of Ss (Shim fs ato abe Tra Bue 62a8 ongarson oe iar age sting wh et age set of xan chow ht ce daa uo ge ee team Howe tangle iting, be Smit bare vole ‘red tanycurpene sig spc ower mene ces Sie Caren Unie ind sia ee a of ig 13 fe Fit wi trl scing Fig law tr ee cre fr he PHM Spite oe y= a y= 8 Be Con Ps. 816d 16, ice a ing PRA ith oir alge ‘wang apne amet on ee he ae, 8325 Square Wane Opeaton “To fil nee nse operated ina anne nose. Bh ype of PHM “ice eter demas a nee fens eee ‘wos Jan ya eps oop wn ty TRRStste i ei toe te moe indy ry 5432.4 Ouput Cont by Voge Candin Thc neo sono seme aly ea ge ae, lage fees Gee ‘sd on he cman af s-ve Song ml PWM ail tage ‘Shing ibe ee a ete vee eo eee iid ‘Sut tr PM milage ting). atlas ae ato S103 sinks queen cml Ts ante alr dy inh 1h whet wae tip sg cin cole Ding one ical pt ge som omen a ee 0 ph PENT mae sag ching ea gh ines ye (aL an spanner uy we ca | tsa dere te faa and he hrm ery compres he up ge nem of b= 90" vs boner ne Be n= 2f* neon te B= 0° ~ fa and hia a ge fejnmo vgs a nc of. Tao me wih to ak Sem ami ach aa rr ete ‘Ste fs loge nce, ae dee ae et{2228 Sitch Cian Faber Sin ay lovener a eumfeme ae a opt of fi pe ‘ener etre ices es eet» lene ses Tsp ofthe pe cme! ne switche wd te pe eh ‘oh nd cent ng sie sledge mere We aw Fae (39 132.6 ple in te Singlets nee Outpt ‘aloe waht ds nana regency omgnet Fie shwe tne reo re isan be mp svi av inion ma nl sch sum ya ing eqs [fend ahr soumereleammetne oxen) vr S70 sole “Stemi cry ogo pg et Gleaner amet ree nd he ple component iby siping cet opr nee nt fe et at teeny ad a the A ogee. pec, sie el teeny oer utc of ubonpense tes hema een “we, nar em we ances congo eit by stain adenine MotB YR + ple om neigines — Mp8 Seas ns na gy et eT ent etn thee er oo any ‘The apt cat ln edo set-in = she caiman io pin "Warp wie pe = Di cst ny 2 wil exo. Recast er rs na ole oe ‘Aim eupl fy. stow epi camer asge-ee er ue mp ma POM ag ng ‘ola re hl in magsace (he oes» he veo Uy he POAT Ivete. The PAT vera en i sustaly mae pc fo ee Facto square tavemener Ta shows tg of shi eres thinner apa slaps ph ean nl yc eh sy acre maT ny oe Inver ontchng guint cn per wiching ie inher Thelen te separ eee Beer tego mb te et ig 2.33) PUSH-PULL IERTERS Fe $20 sow «pp tc I es nm wh cee frped prima. We at yas ho ce fos cnet ‘ett ameponnten wach Fo en ey 7 woe Ponti tones iD wont er smegune vel Tc pees Sie tno in Ya how War im ees hit in Sing sme 43 Say eho ce ge verre soap nF 3 eq 28 moto oy a push-pull, ek eh lage ace ngs ‘Themain avenge ote pt-pt om aoe whines ond a tat fie. Ths an pi ee ns coe s ic whe eth a, ne ve pes ma hnj Fire 16 ela nsWh Yan be ek wg A ae aig ach, cmb 046) "Teena fan vil sgl ase vt we il ‘ny cop he case nema ofopeton te cm ap. ‘hema sch wt ono Ye Ware) Wen Mae AVES Yue tg gat aa perenne Maia ic tisinese aoe ap te te Vesa Vila Ve ‘ange mere 7 Wee Vane t= Vim = Vine 94 SD = 016 as) Shaoeraior teeter nanetrecmtens Surafinisuaetemne emcees Spires hemaalseeooe imocices a aoe rene oT mcg eximan eich win = 1 mei, 88 mh m= 10) ‘ere, hn anim eich ico on PWM sichig ey Diisame = ranconpe! wih Osa sparenae mere wy 1 Beanpot sng hse alge PAM nee, aes ine sf 25-325 Ve tp vag read be est 9290 tom he ‘i ed eee be sn 0A ro) Cae snes ‘hurls ound a eo coe, tas my bi) tea View Vax 0-4 ‘Te matimun pat apes ni ei ae = 200 10 = 308 VA ass) ‘Mi, fo B46 ‘THRER-PHASE INVERTERS. naeybcaon sch wine ae ower pes an mde he ate Somos omy samme nah Wena cs Foran sue Spe ty 1 te ane fears i eape cat ihe Togs is rege my pee aie nS ees ‘Stes fee pce ope afore pu eh oe ses {he lout pci sth aces aero sre Moers Io Te ony dt phe ico cn fe hoot acpi, shown 31" Eah rs poe df ‘Site oe iver Secon Tee och ‘San Yaya pes oh eae sh eed oy ce ech pee 82 Then inesaaa‘That, -e mi aage te etme fee. 1a ae dle tec slag, abe mest, ta, (inet es) * 73 Fo = Gow wi =Oitims, mu s1D ash Teme compe fhe ea ogi ce a sini ‘na fue sag tt oa tars ned the (eeu vgs Te or ht ttge eco Tb S412 Overman > 1.9) ea ean te a of a ms on ee feat of em Ue be ha gen, not ote ‘Sinden guns) ngs nape oes et cee oprah Im Tuy wahove ie Fig. 2) wh nvr of ena egy Tosetin soup gr pled a socio Sar ge a PM, foe ety gee afm. PWM et no spa ve Eee Svoem Tis wh he mina ae, ea 0.78 a ee pte eran pm compe seein im 1.0 sand enous apr emaed send quer af omens dt mile [ower dommes uy athe age nape hm = 10. ‘Ret, power eal thas nes ay tea Se ncmobon non ste snc ond ean mons wel See Benge eof a ee hig Sey, Sloe rae Hpk te om 35 ee tere Yr ie Tee ems {5-42 SQUAME-WAVE OPERATION IN THREE-PHASE FSVERTERS i nyt vote ¥ coal, te vee a Fi ‘reer mahi mf te vos om ‘ture tare perio nd the ve seen x how ni 20 Hoch SSSR eto esy no) Te ay te, oe Tne sgarenave mde cen. en el en i be mpi fe ope a volues. Tvl, ee apt alge es be nll tb loa patna Hoe fenac eoyHaiam ge npn intestate bel emf 1 re a ne es ‘ening ae nner sais “een ng i i died on ed ne nr ee hes Se ed ‘arian an ee vas tt, asmFire £24 Sanne ph tol ese at it i poe cnc he out mane he ey come ey i ona rd Soe 943, SWITEHE UTILIZATION IN THRE-PHASE INVERTERS We wit sone tt Vi th asin as was emi cons a Pitted erect open apie Seta epes smut utc wih eve oye eh ie Pensa be ce wave me) st ata aig. Theo oh ch weld ete fallow eat age Ve Vem ow = Vit oa 1 ths ao fe etme ey ines ne lag cmp ‘te te hse spe amps em) a sent ey a eo! (Ase = Verba oo ‘here, hl nh itn a al ic vce coed Sea tn = 7 Weil teste PM cargo = 10g. an on Ha se main st eimai. Wa i eto Inte seve, i ati 12 = 16 comp sain 012" Tru ew ein wm, = 0 Tepe he sone ein ne wh wien an pes se Sec 4 fo sglehe mere. "Comping Eg, 45s Hh ona msm sie re ‘molec une nt cep, eler meer nasege emer Inher ‘ting te ew em ein ate he een Sse [Se sme racer webroot ampe, compe (aig pe vee 44-4 RIPPLE IN THE INVERTER OUTPUT Fue 8.250 sows ave ase, ee. alge, sib nent 2 [SEE cg fom: rssoed fe supe» ie pew mt ls. Eh hc on shows meme oe cig quae ca wah oe (etewatn Te nied tember sme ew 35 = ft ‘Une hl peeing cons pose exes ire se i up ies, ooh specie oa erm tS es \ ‘Sip wolager wah eer he vesive sb vente BEABOD ow | ‘Each phase voltage can be writen a8 : , verte GARO ow I htetiene 86% i | int ie tid =o wom ii Smt ner bed operating smi, ee tcf ae aed hee of ole ad ee re oi gis efi eon ee elas an | v= Hen ead 420) Sutin am B70 65, nc ithe pm wage sing 545 argh 80, | foepane ha n= Hon Hn en am SS Soaetn edict nan 632.6 oe pn esingepae cep oye bmi ey cane he awake eee | ‘Se it ae see el pov tree ace ae) SemeSSe Geet va Teor eae Van Ba tll om 3 wing te pin seo, he ie a ape 8 eo Inaioe Unig E81, et re Saal ea town inp. tw 2b ogame nme and FM opens, eps. Bh inverestve lect apm he nme eer wage const ‘ign ee» high, nex PWM perso. Tenge oer ‘iste ne nc tonne Sage Aen re ach ee | cate up aes ple aie yng by pnd ng $3 Thc plete eu igstee in ce e ‘etd then sg fer en once he ple ete i pa wt reoni cn in ape ry. Ts Cpa ‘tr gt a fhe cu Spe Merwe Sais [ote Compe os gue wae ee1-4 dese EURHENT i Sic een ge ince: enn nk eg cet ‘Som tscnadaor'laroa paso he we Pegtiseiaied gmc nan teens ita ‘enh pele energy storage canbe ached one ac Side ad he cuenta be invete Septet sa we Boe oc emt ay aca Tea eect ‘tina ioe cag cree Stay cree Shy ley Sati ae ke tn Spent cops ont Ns on Sa Sno Wao raiba minds eral TH tesa stay apni, eno iby AF wap chal twig ca ae itor wing n't Vn de a oe SSS Ben ape = 8) cog = Deed = 0 8) enti + OQeokay + FO Mn = (ede mi an ig mien a, ite eer SENG hates mere tion Fes ubentay cael a kahit co Sania Spear 4 conoocrion oF ovr BUNCE ENTERS ‘We dco ei hh cut ve de nt eet nt et, Howe te Stn hoi condone one oe a of he ed. S46 Square Wave Operon Heh ich i i ote 90 T emi a ih contin a ‘ow! wth ten gen plot nf 3 Cag) 8 some tal " MY bee. Fr 2 get et ei fey mimenose beens 2 Fig .28 Sun ie na 8 ange The wc ws sun a 28 fr cf ees Paes, The RCI eter he ee tea ‘Gong he saches Ty and Tee tito ate 0 TB de heli power ‘et of ot, he aa Season inane ae an 10 ay (Stu et acca me wc ich nce ea wi eeu et SST yee ey ea la va ot $462 PWM Operation ‘The ge nde! wives eel wi «PWM meer ae sown Fi {pee aan emp the a open per rales ame 1 te Se aging) A. he pet are coed be 3 pet sou” a pe {hte 13%. pee epee er oe pe ce ie rps mt of ene) 1 king be vis cng Figs 9 ugh $28, we ae at get rt ang mh hepa Caen ip at ow ogo the ‘cera epae Se resale Dee TaD Tein hit ad te out np fow ae br 6 f= Oye hws a ‘5 Simla. the era during whch al ending dies we comet ‘emg eb wig we eat of Fe #3, “Re'coy vane maar cnet ty ting Odin of re shat anes Sh fe pase ot se stent age ‘temcfepetin Tae, eco ae ge ive open UnTgue- eve oem encom wp ueOE - LIF(Spence a poe of ig ea own Pe ‘Sve bt the ics of ing eine ie, in te “sed nthe dein a shown 831 y= Oa net igh tate ho ning no ed Cong ‘Neg nes ach tetwsn elt etl pt ages ‘aha ~ alent By ae oe ie pra ote ug guy, wean tin be ‘ane eae oi ose ite ap Yl a uso $75 shows tht Vay Js mt Spent be mai cae fn unt om eane esc Mae pepo te Saking eae uch eeny (17). wih gece lie Sng (cs, rity deve a ale nb al stele “gh nye kg Bt eg pe eno, Rand Sine tag hn l= ie ts eg ae oe age ee Ei yo he aad sag pie 86 ge 838 Ea ‘tof inn serge lV, 888050 an swan Fi Tae rte cote ig ee pled acd + desde oman wdc ep 7 nom velo ‘Rept Fy 405s nrg eer lang me pens Wh comener ode meta tie ste ed he Far nal facil spe PM ene sau ssn pet) omni for cat abc stoned be ‘SESW bed hed ere cat ‘Rover neem ese rca nos evga ose PWM nero et ris a ede ea ie23. leet espn) The fl of sda ‘Sosa ning ine re Scene Cpe is eng there ‘roe Chr 3 ing wit ter esas Caper I eng tk OTHER INVERTER SWITCHING SCHEMES ete previo sts, 4 coy at neering she, een Fruita woe wae ne hen adn ta In hi ct, sme he PM ‘Somerdale nctacn of bsetcnga psa he ‘oun soto eto be cape” A compete ie fas FM {Het SQUARE-WAVE PUISE SW FTCHING ee, ah pase vole opt ese que wane eg fa fe oes Poy oo be sdnena mpi. Thew ne se ese wit om) ‘loth harmon eoten tu ner ti pet tem et See a tne 9p tp rn ssw i a acai The avange he spit ad» sl te seas ‘eee (oth spate i ph owe Sy mene).62 PROGRAMMED HARMONIC ELIMINATION SWITCHING ‘iste cmt vitting a PWM ctl te fen ‘aus ith mo pv ae dg of fein. da Raving ne mache Pt Et ill sian arnt Fie ows dt he cut ware a ls erm me tins ts leredo quterae omy). Ta, eos ig 34 Pama iin Sh a th ai | i Le (contents in oe wb pet. Scents ps vee coming of {hc ach seer ee dr sms te nd Sp nt ep ee 7 ca camion Sows hte ting of ch Fg. Sess ete cing furry boc ith Suse sean Tn gure nae oe Haden ees weap omnet va ale Kadaneal ete roe canbe oe salt nen iat vag ‘een #9 ea doen oe co nhema foe mterprsod bee nat cero wish 1 es sci ey cps ate np ory ae einer (ULSD sn encase 2 (6g 818 peed) rrogannel tons Canon sche a een, ang he So ey lf sei a ah tw ee hoped wih sons its kw coe ee iets ma ate onc oe Mk in ccs Sn ‘3. el (63) CURRENT-REGUL ATED (CURRENT-MODE) MODULATION Insect oor sn es, ithe mata (ue by teSch mae cmererriarie h es obe e ah1 VS s en Inia, stcning Sper nr ef hae 0 ‘the caer sgn nil nt opi a aap “Tw errs was cin etching sper ane sche a cer cone ene pt ene Te ch ta te Sr ‘hi owe by ig 425 fora wil ec, wee ea ‘hae npc the Ms and dhe emcee ‘nh ta pice mal une 480i pode per ‘emer ans Fd ne Fito Ta epee ig oe Wr cea cures ier toto aioe oer Sun owe ke pace intcher ops Thr co sh ns kag rma Fe, 356. "Fecha gency ceed nw fa te cone hn: ome per lat wean oxo Tar rend co Ve a bc {tebe ince Mv he echng gue) Ss ea abThe nd gn caret coil nin sk dpm or i. 36. The ‘seen wing fey na wean Apo oa i [tal Res sponte oe anova oe ging Fier 36 Fis ca ‘cia oped bee te mt ft ou) ead wr comb eds Toul dow ded hy 86 "te ty dwg sh iii te NECTHADYZATION HY MODULATION AND TRANSFORMER, em pis ei en ly ‘poem chen nn canbe al er ‘Tarantino 5 Yor psn Gua RECTIFIER MODE OF OPERATION seperate el, expe, dog ting sowie! era ses ‘apie tegh ach nae some Th ee pen ty doco ‘nlncoon Tie svahonns mr se fr ing poet tee ‘inn uy pd ec be tunwSnppe ne doce ine Cher 8 "hc ier nef pion dad ny ree ps comer te soe vl spn comer. Romig a ea lO ‘Seng cmc eee Comer ccd sop a ‘ean erample come eee te ten shown PS. whch renin ga. Comoe anon equ oer rp ‘Senate meeting aching erry heme In Pig 2 ene inte of eso torn shee Comer tage Vy age he ee Eck anand the nin al cmp fyb pe i Eo Te pase snl nthe api) of be 2 wept ty the cowvntan bsnl Wc ven ate Vow me bp Hay he ‘Soe tlre hing tnt ord 87 hows ‘Nils ek cherie yore dows Be Orr eB ct Van can be ale bo mage (win ew) sa ae, > slowing snore core nage nd be poser ee ere ig he ‘imo ring. Avon tt Ect ng sna. Fp babe he Save Vp ch wal Ke mage Sar esa he iam fig. 22 cn ted cpanel Vu in maga swan pe, wih penned Snag ovis Bly ‘Setting eso te sca ten nem tener a 8 ‘ie Sut By inp oy. pet Ey gePy ge 83, me in i ode er ae Vacant ae Fest option com hs fr pes Ban Ce (Silte gute # 13 dopa wisest carl eg os Swick nec. whe he tir te ir) mae pero, ‘ures va Caer hi ea a ele cing poet eo ‘regopment wt he wy SUMMARY 1, Sve, olga inn a deste ssp wage Sue na ad pete spe oe fae nl et ‘huge wa lw fue) wie be ach rey net oa Sera eed Cet 1) ” “* Iecxamplrertngtds no oped up schen Iee ‘he sind PWM aici scheme lle sa f the magne ad ‘eon oe omelet te PM ie a ‘tctnld emaly om eager sting ee at ‘Sri igs sgl eu npr ocho 4 Teague wane siting cement ny he uns le nee ca Tirta gh use nse cringe me bea value sue The eae-vve pt ge otis ower ‘monic vin sft une tng heme, cle he age asin eigen be 9 oath he aga an he mnie (Ta dpe na ep er ope ‘Ase commons of hem th eres np alge. Se ne ‘pt ume tant pn evel poet te’ a he anna fers adept nventyo held nce vhs me ea a hie fetes. Inpro ue fi 0 inne, te tron eco ‘cle ming ine, whi maa lw rr barns he eee soz = ‘mph rope! sn inn ting ce an nly (Sotto epost ov can ss as sn De Te corms (comet ae) melon awe te sere op co SES Sn yy compe ae ta i Seo Si eho nt ene ‘Gap 10 ang wil sig ove i = 9. Teen teteen ool pet ne lip ier et ma ‘ode cinemas town i umn ss PD he (te meg of ier ne esnips ee pt ‘Chast ope ape aed a Fp 10, The coments can be mdr nig per cn supe i he nieces . \ T i Fier 338 Sema of nee pat gr PEM pati RETA, spew tgaPROBLEMS 1 Raita mae ene 0-25 (whales a tl op on np ge a? 0 Sate eset ia Clb on i a wena ‘er ee emt nko Weeov ston ae Rendacmpctiasse townie Pitewn tO nant eatin mane puscieine ae + Sates pacre meme teem LS © Gee aon asta oS nae yge arnt owing 83a eah > emit Cnt te pasta oe hE 1 Re Pin 47 mer el) rng PM aah ind = Cue spo pier ra iY 1 Gh pn ee te poy wo, 3 pon SSE seit a cece mee Toul este Stan epee 0 i eine es eit e ‘Seccemtmps- oe 114 Ropar ton 410% mig te i pty, ee (Sp ie mp 112 Gomme ni 4, ee ap ce ag STARE, Tetaes aa len mip ets Bee Sag ‘Sees lamtanea to tage paola Me Pe a tester one, rn oY ain i eto ‘Sue ier mon 6 seid ety 8 a ag a ive ptr nb cp anon ean pen nen Fev omc fran sc! pra pe qa ae Seca en tan Bak O28 9 tee fe ig te “9 Gin Pe ae ea PE roms 20 | — bao i Saybhtrernteee eee conse2A ann SKIL eas KEATING de HSL caiPTERTO REFERENCES: RESONANT CONVERTERS: ZERO-VOLTAGE AND/OR ZERO-CURRENT SWITCHINGS 9. INTRODECTIONPy entertain pscomveny eeteetaerarey ime each plewameatese Seo car nectar tame nha esi gelsar a) Set RS Simecneemncape air maeteamena ‘denng tur-ca. a a Tae fh mere is eed Bp SRe aes emia antec See receripeeteeretiee tence Shissaees se es See Teen re eee wane ocrtig me ogee aA ieegiicmac atte eet aes ate Sete a wetness oSate Se haaropatiaeg rena fr smmoucros sian, hs use pe wtnng hh ching es, wih ‘le epering wea SOA) ont yh se aT perc he ta ine lt som 9.1.2 ZENO-VOLTAGE AND ZERO-CERRENT SWITCHING Swicting gcse eps ge eh of mepsera ig com ‘ciple ie ew andthe we cf unter cnpoen dh, ‘re ele the cnt mel the cane net of pm sens sw ‘ere Ral. te son ens an nnd ess a ay 3ES pe tn un Ed “hes ech cd ar hn i os cin ced by sen ay aig as seFare 94 Zahir Tea, ht wc get eet sha be er whe be hcg aie fee tec, om pin core cme eo, 1 ‘te torn ot tema chs ssw ane Jer lupe me cet ‘cme otin ates nF ee vig se ‘uc ae reson (ced can) fr ang pn Suh osc 1 et pte i, eth eg on CLASSIFICATION OF RESONANT CONVERTERS ‘The oma cnvere fin cit of vee plies ed atiy ics esas mr ose icing Ooo 2 Reon on 4 etic ink ent he cove ‘es cain a expe! ate. 82-1 LOMD-RESOWANT CONVERTERS Tse curve cont of 8 1 en it Olin vag an cae, (S20 smn ke oped nd dtc ees an ‘Stet vlage der soe Sat Er sac Les ul ces ‘eed nn ener ces, eps fow te bad cna ye ‘Smt ped chan aed ty he sng fey Spo eet pany of a Toe and en 1. Voluge sue see ma cores (3) Serine rosa SL) coe (8) Punt end sm) ves {8 tye mam cane 2, Comer sure parle ances 5. Cn and la Eni cme 9.22. RESONANT-SWFFCH CONVERTERS ncn ihe vee pg an LC emanate ii 2 {hae oe sesh vans id coat pve sero soage saree se ISe ivr emumsuah men arty oe ating ein toe fs Sees come pig es Tew he ere ( Zowcane scchig CS) eee (8 Zemstage swans V9) come 2. Dolage ing, campe-ogs Z¥S-V) coer, wih Ho ‘ccd in peo semen oe Sn ee, ‘Seon ters San 5-23) RESONANT-eLINK CONVENES Inthe seein! wh ne PWM des ern. hen Ye me ism a be sal opt oe pa ee Psy ied {Seeds Pat uch Hower ese in cote est Sinema ne mtn yew Ue one the pt ‘ots ems trae Garang eee he te cs inte sng hs eting nse sage nts 9.24 HIGHLFREQUENCY-LINK INTEGRAL-HALE-OVCLE CONVERTERS ee nat singe pao epee i= Heh sey sil ‘her by ng end recess pie ume enya “Shulgin ejey or axe gna Sr he wichs ered en tt be nce opt a [BASIC RESONANT CIRCUIT CONCEPTS Someta coftio eae moat convene dae ths ater {feimayes inspec lun Agpopse mumps ae tanker ma sete The inal condom ae ince y per te, shart a gee wets, bream 8 a98141 Coumped Seren Resent Creat er a a tin term co wh ei tg Va ‘Spc tae st rite Cs guns ae Tete atop = ne Wired ey on and Tom e-' + alaieasr=) 08 gz on cnet snes a ow Bsmt ie ae ae ema (ee 99 me MONA MEET eGR, 355 Dignan a at i 48 y= 0 12 Sr tsomae Crt wh Copco Paral Lad awe 4 sows «aes mmc ict wre hcpchre in pe ih 3 Stone andy a he nea n'y Te neta on om att $9 Sst fo By $1 a 9 Aenea Seen ow rea nh se in, 95, Shon hee qua or = sos: neta ema Sanat 40 = Y= Ws Ves t=) * Zl —Hoin ale) 8) he eager ld in, el Zhe ae nets aS = to Bm) was Fre 8, Sima ti cps pr ad mda smi (eat)y= Vl ~ cont = ow Fert pci ce, Fe. 96 show ep a ih mad by wing C9 at 98 pay je e083 pee 9.13 Fequncy Charis os Sr Rsean Clst "us informnive sin uc charities rat ice Fe She Tern ge yt ctr impeine u etedy [ER 9 ate racy eps ad sae aoe ey ‘ad ee fr Qe ee le ater on Figue 876 how te spe 2, of co mp to fF sot dee mee tng cme sows a2 oa pos ene Seas SLs athe tg i on en se stm te ae pat mp (8, ~ 4) id of ee Pestrctedsetcetaer hfs one, Sa tem ISIEISS, Suse pun tytn dae ape ea, ‘Sere yan al oping 8 9-32 PARALLEL RESONANT cancttTS 9321 Uadamped Para Rent Ceci, Fe 9.0 Sons an nage pel om he ily cue he ‘cpcior oag Ors ail, eC egal ae ow ‘aes fe ig on ea Moretti awe Om = 20- talons aneli= 8 TE, = E £ om 3322 Preqeney Chara of Part Resa Cit ‘esr bua te tony ceri he alu ‘cy ib petal F ts ony cee ce (iets, ee oS. rare, = f= 920) re 8 sons te maine 2 fe cca ingen pen oat Qe pre ecpg cm “ a Qe Fire 98. Un prt ca i4 pot pci tse alae em 8) i ey, “el hs sapere an ence em ae am fits A tagwaci shre y > occ spec lover ae ‘Shui se sh ela ade pcg LOAD: RESONANT CONVERTERS teese op cane nk i aed at sia iting alge ns ‘Set and us pov volar secret sich Ech fe ‘Stas med whe rn pic for Be caer pg) SINE ‘Std ‘the ede pein se 0-44, SERIES-LOADED RESONANT de=de CONVERTERS Asser cei eR ane 1 These ‘ete oping cee re a ge ena A anes SEE Sis lee he acy vs dese mage ell he ‘Seal olnon even eae ade age anaes cop el eo Tee “pu eso at up 8 ly ey ge ear te pt vote asst gas cimbe same be ape too ny Te Frere 10 S18 dc-dc (ha pm ni ‘este pve sn te cn et anual 0 be pil. mish ees Spt Be nas The nape cage eed aes bn Wireion = Vat pome ing = "nlc sane “e data nt io a Tt cnr vs oe ‘rote de D.Tatoeme ceo Po me Bo 7 cota Wel, ex seo RS Streets nth een pws et) eh Pokies ® 2 canbe een ty menace 6 Tt ferme of Scab apes ea eo 9.6 rc ‘nie sey sae meal option. th he sess opened emi sein he eee tat tn we peg frst cle et age Te hn een (2/5), wh ish iit mom pean ‘ese we sa pate an me gh yoy So fe22 aren esr antes innocent tienes hector 0: sey or hye of pein be cig ey of TB ‘Micajah sacs Rogue) aan mn a> eee seven! afge opening ay Ul te con ‘enfin ide sole an che an oF 8 ee 0 ‘cing the feseng oe ont md hve wn Tt eee ce ‘ances A pub Gavsge sol spar be tb ee ed ewe of ac sk hr aig ste wah ew, Howe, ‘ie ies att ony a cn a aa eae tha po ‘incntaig) spouse ae (Se sate yc Gn all i ‘Starke test rte te. “penance ec seus a he coal chs be Fa nan an M414 Steady State Operating Characitis "es fl kote elsif the pa a he ava ves he cat ‘ofa and cues whe ong cms Yee ue) The vlaps Sees SST pi uy a ly oi ba ne sn sue 25th nde Coen he dnctinnarcuteen ae eyrdng wry ar eae re at sa eta een ne bd ‘ime tee my tne Bens pry ase th at ‘mere nn oie capi Be Ssomsorsonteie mse Tibeae pel an bbe ge an eae sc cee pe i cd i ee ter ‘rere pat aso entice (shi te pve eee ‘Boosh es then sd te pak ame e pe Cc besr s ‘ohn pec ron hee ct) Ts 41S Coma of SLR d=de Cnr ‘stow in Seon 923 deg wit he rey ceri of eset ‘ecient on ny pes Te ines ine sped pt vag Fy» a ess cr be ea ‘aang ihn pene Ts abou eck gan 918me Fee 16, Gann SUR da cane ih ee een hse vgs ante ange emis SSS ue Se ogee in, mem congo tan edgy M.A are eos Tt ‘Stet Rens ce imped ine ve of UR ‘Svcs nae hsb eh te cover pert te 3% en {imi gang of =a bat te pe ey eee Be ue of te ‘Sovcm ps cms Suh cml eee ied ge Sete cat Sune ee Ye med at te SLR sont ewe hae he uta tt 3 seokticen tke nas oe 9-42 PARALLEL-LOADED RESONKNT de-de CONVERTERS ‘Rima LC ts sot Hone tbe SLE mene, we te ape ae ‘tse ene ea cn Kemer iconeed ram we 1 PLR cae al ig ale i fur een () FUR cere ei ms slag wea Nowe, Bost sie ey ml wi Se Sone i cme mt ‘Brbtseomeen co pop a's Son ene, wee ‘stent ie a a pe see Th the wing scons, ote mods in wc «PLR son i ely > ene a ond, Tecan on he te be en bee “he wlage ate sone pte Cee. spiel Todalpanquat shoe hop mc tne pT nt ame sas, hl gs one fer} as tent ae ve oe Indes The lag ron ee ‘onan eens oe eis ein lw SEs seitaiom rectecer wane Cat the inp othe beige rece. a SS aeeaceee Re Cine ceetnmsamntvsmeyia Te Sa ager ts combat cng of be Stes fe Hower en Pa es cena ea 2421 Dhcominou Mote of Operation tin. Te sys wre fo is mse operant el Ses tm Denon in a) a ‘etme poh ppesres thr cat tes hae sot Soong 8.18 At eed, wate Sone), tows enue Sie Soma LE mat ey dwt at md on oe ee Deg a7) case ‘ct iS n= w= Oe io Shin sata. g =. un ap Cad Sey se ‘Sige tena, Reo Th contac made opt, nay ef an nea gob vider coal evel olga i cine Tr pet on ys ae nes hall eis Se wl sod ewig and ar ht aoeBe 1 | e931 Shs twits eines Eq 9:29 hg 9, Fie 921 ows ello ingra prperis oles wre ts rms ned oe Ts opens iit agnng cme eo “Akon he egy sng eet ese Why, Oe ‘Song te ee + rae gol ate the Bh ey ag > yan he mii tna inate cpg een net coopeae e tap dng fra pone vat 1.0 + Nepean one pets at Yee Inti coen he pekinese (ei al te peak caren oh he ‘ss ea pn sage sane Svea ae igh! an fa Va ‘pec ee he ples "Fe cose chante own a Fi 921 egg an an ei way sul he suey coming ne ng an 9-43 IVBIID-RESONANT de-de CONVERTER “supe emis of ees seen eo own aig 82 a he a ‘cain pl hour he pce, forego he ne tthe cet wes guns pan nr Te pp ‘ey nese nm pee th eR oe PLR (Soca v PLR comer = rlnge ne sean ‘Shug se ed wm mat pln. Te oe oe one bead an doco psd eet to tes, Te ae Th. : “7 LL Be : eal Fare 922 Tt ron ote Sot CUNMENT-SOLRCE, PARALLEL RESONANT de-TO-4e INVERTERS FOR INDUCTION HEATINE ‘Teas cl oh veer y meas oe a Fi 423, ‘Here etme nace sn pte Th es ‘Sis SIGS ane ones el eb ts RT coe ato ih a ik sie rhe np pet in ee ‘Sto oape ss Thtae be asa Sen 37S ages ‘hen he tml uy bese oe nul sommes oy VEE een an Sgn ssaseln he e ‘eae ester pn comp rn ing eh the Fandamenal-frequeacy component 1, of se inpot cure. = Stet oon net oer opi iinet te ‘mon od ar upp een: se ae ad ‘eect he mt oe robe bec fegany “Reamer coming ys ison iF tues rag cre cmt) tag he vere hy» ol ‘ate eer ie ea on pep Te ee ate = a Aether ism y= sy) pe Ago0 gr 8:24 Cm sun tl ota ine rnin aig (he Stam aS shown 3 ‘The vgs sr ne fhe yi stows ht er tp coding & revere vouge ea ace oa te wal al begun ‘ewes lec sar polar) ge Tle, uy hal te pe Ihe seid oat tie of te Ba eg ed. ‘Oncaea nl per urate hy cota sisting rc Aste each ey ead ee see ‘oa ee th poner opt eas fy el const eam 2 Seated ip Reston ete cle owe piss iene ching fe ere conta. Inca of wear pel eonalaveer,te d ein sme witC, rte ier opern ig. Than ssp yao ‘ues capac SS ep a het a. Stn tino a ages ad cores Shey er ave peo pa 9-45. CLASS F CONVERTERS [acts conve, heal sipped rh esa ne eee oct ‘Sownia Fi io, Toes neal sas ear Te wp ae omer ten afl nde soe he pin tin ety ‘Sie uote cmener sn ecu cay ren ae 980 hte ‘Sec mageode depen oe power pet The af esto in 52S oeanopumn mde whe acs eon Wien wich an oes tesgh hac, snownin Fig 95 Wher thc ume bee fc cpr Cy te ve moe seh Wa op sb, hs aon + Sessa treat rich, Wi heerch of oe ing Gioia Ti 2d, the vge so aps C, bi ps ea ond "eles Ecooverr spruce a swing whieh Shy her hn he roma gies fe= UEVLC. Dag thin wan he i he ee 828 Clos Emer imam mide D= 05spies wee hc ey ae, how ini 825. Fer 2 Nps guy far te ees LC sat > nh ess sey ‘in dune eg atu asd aye ape alge 1S), nes oh ff). an ee eee exes a canbe ade The meng ae of gs Ute me tbe pes ep ag a ed se {late meng vonage mos a wo neat) se Thee, Meeks thd age tone pig 3 man st “Topo eect vance cepted man ad opm ote The cathe arma Fi 25 ne pen ae ‘evueat rt doses eine sca wth Tat mcs ope ear at ‘lou mae Re ops apimu ie Re The seh tras = 0S ‘ules mannan poner epn er acer wee ramen ich on fai whor retin cee at feat ome Po the ctf he eh mich lage ane pa ch ee Is annie me a e pa och coe pil Sane ea och valap ‘ermal 51 “Fess mi pen a R < Ri Hoe tc oge sexier snes ge soe lal = sd bp Chey Stes ome i nip wi be wth ow WF. 9.00 iw ® Fire 926 Cl Eee pina ml 95 iSriye Satine ob ates whedon ed Sit tenon asain aes bee "Toe advantage of ks converte eins of (ier ses soccer a Ect, Yoo, hn ln ‘Peles Jour tee 2 RESONANT-SWITCH CONVERTERS ‘carat nding capi sh ode cone coo {enbs trnn aseivmeecmen ed ys yg pe Eker locum ot ec ah ‘rot por ety tyson le. sich lin sa icine ene ugh ry pose Decne he comple sn uh ‘ue ate comet cn yas wet ma coh uh {he pve nang ei open ‘ee ing hing rl Ea in the {Ry tompe scratchy sao echo aan et SPER itn ne tng Schon pene sak ini Spee pon men mr gr “Pe oat sone esc cant by cating he esi pene sae gare PM Sel on ee ‘See nina const ope stage me secure ein “mje ch comet on fe dda seg coe 1 Zeocamatntcing 28) ply a hea rs an {av ume Ts po es ee ows hgh hh te pe ‘rec ehog eo de amr asin pcb ol couric’ Sc Sp niente Fig 9 2 ratepaoen dee core 2. Teroelage ieeg (2S) pl ee he es tm ow lage Tepe san wg: pes sesh, hayc mms ve ch eas xpi ond oven 288eee ep ps con, Ts sa hpi veel ibe > Yl ot cme areca siting cn ne inn y mcg al i a stout ap Se Ms rel poy an tne e+ cae of (tin mast ni 9s ig srg antec isl spr gine) ae eae gL) tute tc as ee Te SRotests te becrcpning Stats weoen ae 930 8 Der et met le re Siar seia amare saant - -_ —- :=_—SOEOCLV Ce ae i acres Srnte ecinecanoims ect: ire eat ascent — —"”_—_—_—L ee ree a r—C~—r—C ea and ty). Beyand 1. the toad current just fee: ‘tei tg te dew see when Ge swith femed ad he FL = _—™ ee > panne ree ae serie S eee Gata nate eh aie a 6 mosesrstmay cantons 7 Few 30. 7ES remeron a mr hein ‘From te wares of, 90h healing ct ops ae be “The Lan C, wpe erin the malo etn y= 12m in, misc be mde beg in Ge mez ee) by Pt Sven ns dning de etetng ses W Su fe sa a a rea, Sch gu Tie el none Seed “The nd o/s ee ha mano vf i, wh eed eve a rm Over, hse wd tte rl ie oun of oa “Ata poen sting tency of pri, ¥ eins i ices. ‘Thee he scing funy oma Be ced Wo ple THe Cpe te et Sens,“By plang ta hapa ao the ha Fi 9, indice ‘Slims e eT emi xem tr re i ob be were tee tte soe VT pen uc Spence on ‘Sst viching os iin an te Eire ey a ine quent nan Oe ear fc tee a te Sach pak ‘ang gud igs ge ue a cane Ts pe at ‘SPSS cs nth wa eer compe th moe ‘meen ees and Bsn hw rhs pce be ped ‘eee ip sei a cone pegs, 9.5.2 2¥8 RESONANT-SWITCH CONVERTERS eth even te nace es 9 owls te wih ‘lehman an ed ars Sachs ep dee covert SSeS Sen wir ia mcs d,s cool tal wh ‘Suan mape Pp 9.s Samy span) woe ee lyst svi soming ed ev” Ioan Vg = 0. The oma seins be Sed Se towing nih othe amet ‘Shute wel teconipone e ane shwnsn Fi 916 0833 = 1. Tener teen and) Aine te hi te Hesse IC. lage ety at news om ma S11 ae eee co he eh 2 Tine ier 2 (een an Bed se > Ve de ‘Sone orale Can emt ed sf Seton 911 pes As ge gh tad acest pat Vy # Zl A Fa TM rie tt ‘ee hal care esl fy ae 0 > Ve ‘teense yng wince tac sy ama anh ‘ite i tne on 9 cue rs ag mo sy sed na Sp en. 2 Tine nea aceon an, jd he pac vole lege ‘mer Dh cic te sepa i pe veo wb Tati uae depen Now sees inet ad ‘Rese sane ahh nat iso ag ‘Reno ns ou ig no ce He 4 Tone ml (errno) ne eee ae esog ‘hoe Bea of Bcane xsl gue ope sine i el od See Seatac ‘Wisc tom e wf of fg 9.316 at sah ce ii ‘he age note opr Ses naa ped ne 93 a By coming neta 1 ih hese of abe {ue pose sped ae ae can cmt Tin om eH ‘pata Vrs ge ad oe "Tir saree icing ap Cn ah De apd aka eer wich de comet popes lose meeeewe 38 Sih agri 4-5. COMPARISON OF 768 AND 298 TOPOLOGIES Tah af ee nis ie aie ony cont ree Be x Tee 26, ssh emg on ek cae ht pe an louse yma Ral rt esac a er cur edo at xe Zee ra on ow ek (san cat brane ping. de snl wih e ity e “Shapes mie nce et vats Tee 2 ging tc ree tc re ind soles hiro scum 2) range Dsl a be ‘chateaus mato peurtanip Theo be patbod ane ‘tates nge ova herpes ein ey age eg ‘ape ssc eto 310 Teh che ed a ‘oma a pa ee i re aoe eee fccseiatu hemehe ban Ma ore ‘haute etc ac dscn ene, vtec aes ey Sati pee nes oo on muh en ‘ZERO-VOLTAGE-SWITCHING, CLAMPED-VOLTAGE, ‘TOPOLOGIES In ae tote, tte pp ve ten fe be pat ee and ‘tammy, th Sich nda of “ost Bur nee 208 tpl doen Seen 5 pa age Se et pi Bh omen it oat NS dem de CONVERTERS ‘Te ig shoe yt of te ede pd convene does in Fig Pi cosine on rer Te ar nt ey sal compe wh orl wc ings wy, bce oe wel ape ag ewe 934 20S dete ce, ‘le open. Asami be ape, er crc ad he a can he Apt deege Vint tention uaa 9 ‘Telsecome we own ni 3 Thay 7 bemoting sonnei andy (Ye VO pie. Ain oT, ieee ose ge tne oC a Pi 9.8 Be ge To ‘hwy compre wi tice tne Wik Tlf an of te ere [SS hawe'n Fc, cn be aon seg 98, whew he mole ‘ijn yy seater See =< te ‘phn pure ecu ee ess mie cent of ig 98 Se ‘Pea ean erry f= RVC) a ne he ESTE Cal ini ag eon i 9 (Sele ac Cs rehes eyo whe tr mais ro be ol ‘aot cote mp became oe pee fhe ce Dara tne ra rth gna of acre be he pao Sa Seta te SehgalRess USC “he precating dca epi gta eased te sia conan Ts lon the sono tg hg ney. shown ne ‘5g tng tne eval whe Se eh Beyond resale oe hr Devil ie, = ‘ce begin nt pd AP vse dA Tie of 0 ve a ser se dpe ‘ser amar ty mp oes argh De Se ve) ‘Spohe Sond neuer Hse 7 gue vlan epi end Ai ee poe slr os 7 "At tue at eve, comping yw me pT, na ‘Showy wes in Fi, 9.6, eich lage pa i sy ‘seamed a nme acts th Te ch mat ey ‘Sewage cn cert wi aed ee “Fane Gen snp ie chm ote per ecg Si ih Ti gi hn le of Fi 9:4, ow eh econ Shige gcc eee rh ein swag Rogen PYM Coa. Aatunng Ue Magne ea and eddie Stee roca anno, ob mah nar he oe ene Ei vecig feet age oon, Pte acre ‘Soeur emp soap rw i, Seep va oat, Theo. UPS py ahr De ty in ft vc ae ine cal oh ssbch cer Ts or Dy cng. Te ee ao gal opt ca 1 amt gry PWM col wo epee een oun tees the mma rn of and he ight ad ee ‘num bod rsa) roche wes a “Peon of ZS. ithe oa valages we cmp oY. The nda at neo te pl nee hse oy Higher pent canes sn compo he ch mae pete 9-628 ZVS-OV dO ge INVERTERS edo ented the de omer Gc in Sesto 9.61 cape ‘wowed oon whee ene: Tals eh acer an ise Nile nape, aaa ws hartge aueeme cosas ener Spaniel. Te feng weet nh ee ty ase ‘Stoning, anbe eng ns nee wt ta ‘Site ew lage The nut nage sages ad be (Sc le scr) shing se ao og ‘sputter be enero 9am arena mse iat tear Secuael a Cape Howe aoe seovlupe tog bot Sri mtn og nd erp ton ‘hewn Sip hind iy ep cae an eee oo ow nets shorn og 939 S 9-63 2VS-0V de-de CONVERTER WITH VOLTAGE CXNCELLATION “Te ZVSCV wig canbe cunt espe se Snover wih alge ‘Brite ie recht, wich nt Gesell a Chapa ‘Stes in i 9. cng nto shoe Fp -H,wh boh ‘esnips ca fy bre pe de 8 een eae aero eho incisor op tefl Tea sa he pet ey ra on tre er he tech nde ef, 9h an mit poise ZVC-CV yang by es Gye ef Al Ly Coe Cye tee By ows NF. 90 or ‘Sty, tre eed mapa Led ae (Secs npc Te cpr sage pect ty he te ct The ‘Suing sarc oe sun Fg 8 he ed ec mde wae Sood fro rele 88 npn Pope ec leg asducoaed nelerthe inte mperie y caet wih repen fo eal, he are: SETS noone ee hse emai ang et tec 7 SA fn ep med 9 be em. ei, he i ie bed and he sinensis teh ees cobain Cnet Dl op Stu atin. ih = ge ooh tan of at og The eqns {orb rn ah low fort a) = te + | Yai at ~ 1) + an ~ - oy fu = t+ Seine + y= 8 at - 1) n= Vs edie ~ Hing —Vecorwes) 38) 36) ‘Sheet wit nyt och Tb ae Din te em nce That une ccf Fp 00s. en eno fr re ‘lug nnd rafter ea ve rece Tice, mm he pean te ame ace 9 we of The Sth enn PS A ee et on ea ch (Moerman era 22 Te ‘be om by ctig he ne neal ey whch Sich esi rereonatim Fs De Sab need ee ti be ‘te veer cnc nla of a es alge nen ee rth cen can a ager cst St fe pt vane an Sed he. owe st Th phew wa a er 82 Heck gai mee 98 HIGH-FREQUENCY-LINK INTEGRAL-HALF-C¥CI ‘CONVERTERS Unie be mann comes hee yt ihe ipl pa te ane ‘nvr es ween 9 a3 ase pe hn ern Seg {Behe eueny nk ames nn ote singe p eps eer Sil pe Uh gency wal ss aon ni a acted ‘oe 3, og enero a ef when pt get ‘Stohr, swtng ns a emit. "Hew ssw gene mero nope wi 9 Hah egecy sini vl The sagt psd es ore He See nn ap ec ny Sits wis ew Seago nape Se pet nit it ia ce cme emt nop nlf psn) map He csp er mee ‘arate dec o/s rca me off ponte hae, Beate psa a Sonor fs tops Tk he ad: econ i shown ini 9 ph 904, free “Ths como vw psig, cee Sg ch iene al Se tl nw fc xp nb suid ef ese ey ‘ign, town Ee 25 Ths cool cod i el a own ‘Shere be-teuney ater ss gl mone ly te ‘Sh couacy nase ner ae ahd hgh ue ak ep sye "Pe occa fe xen ee de pi a ub hc fp tsb sed tr mb he ig pe nd eee eee, 2 Pall oon fro ope town Fig 9. tec and wb fale oman tt pte een There ce yet ‘me hpn tegen apt Hover, Ao pn pr » ope ph wala fen omens yt ey wate eed “eh a ht ein ei of Fe 9-4 A, “Tete ih ng ik comer a frm of inn, whey te oneness peg Sere earch ‘St nerd kU ep on, ne escent ‘Steers hich eed Chip 3b cor ema wae ‘Etchigs pentane se mao nen argh ey pase sh suMMARY Int ca a cs el an ie eit ih (Peles ron (PLR ed cc (@) Cares scue, parle 0-4 ener fc indo eng (9 Zeocmen orig CC) oven () Zooage svt (23) come (6) Zerooage swings lage VSCV) eeten (i) ZVS-E dee cone ith em ag mca 3. Recunelnk sen wit sage veichngs 4 tg pny in neg nce anes PROBLEMS Tinian sarap ce ne59 ps in rope Traria Soterhs Sahai ry | i 9.10 inp ie cd ons 8 ah 89 REFERENCES: a “dS Wen Re ae2a ee eee nee ee 2 apni aps ; nea eT eee Te Seca Beet one So a Coe" US. 495 24, an es Rs Cee” Dt. 2, Lan Uae “umt Sethe Unt Apc tp et ‘tts lc Hs EEC Corb pS RNS omit et ana rope ras {is ot Foe ean cen Coxe pee ‘Cent tt “tow eng Se ed Graeme BEB Eee” 2 RD ENg) enn eau Sn et DDC Cas {Tat or rot ple Come 185 1», Wa Tota ta ag Sigs Re Tec AN Jepsen Ge at nn at wo SCF Sat Ce “Compa fe Sei Outen ona a pine as SINC un Aen Py. eet Sig ih een, Fewer Enens a fue Wat Ma Pep EE Poe Stans Coe fe Roi AGN Lnie Shp Tee Bima Si Soc abe omen Mean Pome Dales TTR ti een fr ve Wi lB Cee i oer Tai ora oe Bs Cone Ta 01D pa dD. Da, Pan ng Fl Be DCC” "EE Ae Bmp Core 1 10. SD Ae Reman it CA Ne Goo on SP Shand Dan a osc See Ra it | 910s aa, “Roumas Seu re Me Ma et” Tear Re Bos pis Cor, 0 9p. UGH REQUINCY.LINK conveTeRS separ Yip aa 8 ra oes Cree fr egy it yan EE pin eB Ce p See 2 L Gay at Cm, ey fc ne Cen —A New Apt ap Cun Meno ns Ac 1 Pitt a Pg a Pea Es Sc esrPART 3 POWER SUPPLY APPLICATIONSCHAPTER 10 SWITCHING de POWER SUPPLIES 10-1 INTRODUCTION{ie Sc oped ha epee ‘perp ¢25 WA, es poe eh et 10-5 OVERVIEW OF SWITCHING POWER SUPPLIES ye ee tn me fg et 1 ARES 03 owes wig awh inn ied ch orn the hg gy. The ‘Sct ine etc pve hh tana ‘town ota nue ‘ay mis mate agp a i a ep) ae ge rane apts ay be oud be cy he eh ca10-4 + Sine high geysers camp 250 2 ‘Soi slg wer tence nn On te mez ile, sing ples ecole and pope meres ‘the co eset Ede eheuny sins ‘fe soesmnne mags of ng sos oe ie pi) swe ihrconngs sve tein pve aT pow ng we elf scu hur owen wah one do aces fr sentoe isi “icling power spi, i een ze mien of e fon 8 clases of eae pos 2: Rem cry hee Cpe, wick wie eg ne ois cans, vive cinerea wl esced he er schg oer ge. Many fe se pce iced SERTUS cpp be eachay perspec. dde-de CONVERTERS WITH ELECTRICAL ISOLATION 10-61 INTHODECTION TO de=de CONVERTERS WITI ISOLATION [Aseony te ok dingo Fi. 102, clo i sich de poet ‘Sole ply heen scion ener Fre IDs + ‘ph! worms har miele eo. Hae te ‘sium sty eed hh tatoos a ea ax ewe Wl Tanne mati pl oI gre Winkie anne pane ‘eros pe of de camer i lesb dil it te sc ae fs hu on he whey Ue emmer oe * Lai ein wey eps pt et 2 iden cr exci wher bb pon ud an be segine (Ginn co he Bop ed samy soc nF nf ion To 1 Fekete Dab cn) 1 Fama eamene ea tn spon sone) ‘oe et olay of ene convenes rep by ens a he POM sing tone dace Chapa 10-612 deta Cae act ‘Topless etl eine singe ithe ene pln f Caper deme purge te nyt of te hp guy ta tne i Wes Weel co ‘alonng ene pops, wean emt sn pe rtp na ie St pean te arn ning set mice ed ORES Sonne etn cbf esa a ie Sauce at ‘af cet esd ners st opening onde a he her aq seo muned bev tee a Chap 7) 2 lw te eo dre pa weage ro) ¥en pre) Th a rset recon tioned amos te Som 10442 ing TrantrmerReptsataton SSeS mira 8b ees cerca nt ‘Sea ntimers iaan a gos ahe ye stron ng dae meting nce ret he my ey a STucwsg bones tee oem = a 2 Ma lacs yan yg a mage amg ewes en wi The ‘Shy Sami cane age macnn ho be ated ye oN cree greater tei ey nny real ana eee ‘geting indacance Ln Fg 1a sighs pone oie he geting Mh now nah sehen thn ens er cue “sin cot emt eh SEES TLE Neches a tev an gtd we om ‘sect oe Comes wi oda eed he ack ment he vane nat cmd be nnn ee, wah a on Ftv ama oma es apy hs ele. oe et nga antasr eae oon io ma apes. tec ea sech nde erp Tees a ‘emi nus my cad roe era nr Secon sshg W414 Conte ef d-de Cnr ith ttn Ine snglewich webs eh fuck nde oval eee, he pt Nate tee ye Sou coal PWD amacrine oe ‘ec mld comet dacs Cpe. wae pp ha pn al pec covet, nee coer op ita ee, Be al ge Vs comedy Seieasictene smn ie 10 wih mrs rong wih be ‘Miche rst, nee PAT es wet Chet 7 ‘omni: ccowre ann Chaar coal sale ase Seat—— Fore 106 Fak me 1042 HLARACK CONVERTERS (DERIVED FROM IBCUKS BOOST CONVERTERS uk consten ae desvsdom c-bcmeer caea Cat ant ‘nun FT By pag send nner, ps o ‘Shwe deol ion, testes PO "Her 0 sme he comer ek he wowing ince ee sen by ppm gun cco. Wher ech on, a whe ining {Dt te BvD pT Sone tv base Th stn cre Sinai keer eae Inti 10s be naatr cove Mines ea om ia alo), which B= 40) = 00+ Fw 02) 1 ow ine acy wg hog edie Ds own by Pi. 1078. Te pe 2 Ac ma ith) nal Fer 108 bak mee asa ola mos hese wining = Ye andere. lo eee aly fori Hen waist co aay =~ Born 004) woe eB ot 8 os Seen te cr pe nat oy = 60) (06 ‘Tree, fom Et, 10S a 106 whe D sth sich ey re Eaton 1-7 shows a he lags ac Mies ek omens dpe Dene tat be Ba fost “he vane and caren ef how ni 18 ct be ted tom de“tig he inc caret ety oe i na ae 10 i = ity ago Be cre 108) ewe t+ Pn a0 Deng hf era. he swish at a 8 em a = “Hy Tho, (Nini nese p comb xpd Sing == ty =e Mt 00) Sin en ale eat of 1 no ‘eg an eh ig pt omy weet 01) 1044241 One yack Convert Topaee “Too mods of i fab ome plot sows in Fg. 109. Ame ‘ang i rn pt Se a eee dn ne tacts eee GToSL etopy re unease ec comer. ued ci, ht ‘Shug ung oft vic craft sims ven Moe, ihe otc ei ph he some the pay wifi gave ‘rts se ay cng to se te cog se th ‘cl tundaom primey wing tg ice ne ec Paretg Fac Convers Aig pons rs, ye oi a ‘Sven ek smear hn Sng oir ower mt. Some of ‘hanger paling wi a tej ck core ae) ‘trv per son lay de oc.) a nea he fle iO Tut ep mine deen wes mmert oon ‘rll ope ie owe ca. he ef cure sng mong he rel ees can emi bY etter a des et, “gue 1096 nw eo Aj cme npr ese ere mh wae sich nyt hos eo corse ee 1 2 “Tae T EE C er 104 er tte wpa ‘ane ee mn mt: pee nn see 10463 FORWARD CONVERTER (DERIVED FROM STEP-DOWN CONVERTER “nee mnie kn ft ace nae ane ‘Limit at to ee, hn fe sh Soy coer lore bed nd Deve bas een. 110 wR vert aos i pst. Tee, ce, When sich ed finder ‘Ser ses eh sD and wee Stet, ios ED:om toh see dts aoe ney. ing ag ote Thu lg nt nee pt ing 1 14a 113 gato 1016 ows a he volun wad ovens opal be Sha an poe coer Seer wy ean age ‘Soe nee re oH oer nt sow sinensis person. hee, ere eet te ‘rer apa coy over a ec np gst en (Pants ce ap lace ped Wen each dines sly om 2 fe sow Fs sg eat sn py nel tacteta te 01) (olny nmin at eng 0 gee mb ‘Sotin peo Cone Ee 10a 1808, 1020) ie ssomer be ly marie ere ena els he nium iene =D Toe, ig. 100 amu ey "eo Dan th rename NM (= Paw) me one oo sh ty mpeg wee eet Lea ae eee nn at ae tartrate coal i Cas ee ee Saat renee ee SSSR Sec ante amt ‘hetero nema a prey Ef We ch ‘ere by murano eo nea ye egg a Ste aye ca an be ped te her conan0-44 PUSH-PLLL, CONVERTER (DERIVED FROM. STEP-DOWN CONVERTER Soto te cmeon motions fh fore coment pps ae shown isIp vn nN cteee eter ete ing etm 8 we th he is me be cer men a eS Len baring a ig = © Te ng ent lcm a sing WN a esa Te svat psd. 8 ign ma ohn ape igen oT tage sm, 1038 oa 1035 ye sence b= tne ty ites | an athe asia ae tt wed al git ai Bo 05 Ga rat bate ag wma an 3) Fares wef BE Theta ay ib ena Ve ea es tpl nee a he, eda oe, nn esha cer ie cay hehe ns nk aan dein ent oa poner coro pai oR Sec ease tar es hn oe aT OM a ek te oer th ce med ow ena Bx aor ee ae ng and avait alone me wing a eae re aye an lise wen Pk a, ies of rt Tynan lec by nea of en ae coe pe cnr ah ded a i ip oxDeos 026 10445 ALE-BRIDGE CONVEITER (DERIVED FHOM {te-pows CONVERTER awe tan soos abate de-d coene. A asda Chet 8 i rg en, cee Cy aC eb A eed le Te soc Ta 7a tm Seth gm ri no HD er ng te mera 8 ter i a fe mar care ee se ry ner Avie ee, = se foo a0 taeth 029) ee Frere 114 Hae dese ine seg finds age Segoe ep ps SSih"brecs ona lee Sa nec ae uc chp acinn pe pal comete ‘009 tote FULL {GE CONVERTER (DERIVED FROM Ww CONNER ge 10s ow fai comene wt, Ta TT) a ed Pe ayo sted etn gen When 7). Tao “Wea own Fe 113, on betytn tthe sich as fe intr ce ge ees he 90 ‘Senda hover hsun el a= On ioe ‘using eine eg fhe nar ag er nie pid in ey ie D = nt 9 0)sega ig fey, nee beeen cobs ie on y= Ph 03 ser te expen an an he cc deed on ep fail est singe neta hon ni les O10, eS (Dna = Biz, (A= 09) iy shes 4 de ts a eo dh eof ‘etme stead opm sect ne fase comer wit econ a son Br Bo 039) sts a ec ping 1, Ale ale of mina ox ety Balu (Bh eae an ls SESE mE tod Sereno oo oe 2 Aiicg gi hee Be in Hoveet sg Geneve 10D Wy alr vse Insaco in ion ein ge. ren me vtacaion fe es leon imac arg ew bly person RN ORT05 ‘tmnt has Ue penn con ea at (a eats ‘Stat rap ans oan The sea pee co "i deo ols nlc oe» Dag pie ts wi pty ‘nino he ade aie a teen Th cing csr lb ‘en ere art et es ens dae Iie tt or oa oc ge ge op sc nde end Sse Speing cman Toth pal coven See co a vet be sch es om en nee Tre ae af tong nici af ek core, a pp ma be sc pie ey se ay. he pce ap ch {pines ap ee i 8, weve eo a epson mo) sb de! ome pen eee ag Sete gency nee pb thee he ae CONTROL OF SWITCH-MODE de POWER SUPPLIES tecices Haan Graal gens chp gua ‘Sept ie vos comp by wingnuts oe ‘Seti tote cease recone en ae rec tpi pees rot ge hea elope t'sotar andes Saco ae pa tage beeches cman 1c eed en Sopa edhe pf Oe dee! eau ees pe ey 9 Vs i ete vd atest, ik, ant tags te Califa eof Teg 0) ‘ss out oping oS PM cna 10108 werd aes sn pet Tt eh Fg te merc EARIZATION OF THE POWER STAGE INCLUDING 1H OUTPUT FILTER USINe STATE-SPACE AVPRAGING TO OBTAIN find “he pal of fog ta ew bin asp! eer eon 5 Si, nd del potas ne ga sae ew ‘6d mpc, st lyse Se pein as Vy snd DO 2 ‘Secon ls wT pc Sep 1 Stara Design fo Each Cia Ste oven oe‘dine fun rau oe seep ease (set em reac (ER) te et apt soe ed He ite agar oage loners leer wed rts are whe Saye dae pas sal a peu, ump Vo* Ta, (deg ach ce ue, ten oe et oaons AA Rye deme 0-7, ‘aoa “Te cup all camer can be escibed int of Oe he varies aloe Ye Ck deiag l= 20-7, aoa ee Cn Cae ong scan, Step 2_Aveing he State Vaal Description og he Dt Rat dT reactants Stn ot evs es sig ps se Seong tans a a ne fener Adlai lOd+ Rte oan, we lead + Gat ahr 04s ecg Se Rrra Spi i td SESS str ach ee! ye pre 04) tuo4n) {ip 1048 ot 108 ny ad apn ain eat, = = A Bi = AE Ay AIK ~ BE "erm conaing rcs of and J ne) ‘The eat eeu can ied om E1050 yang pr Ax BY=0 11059) ss rn i 1059 Be aes fa — Aa la oss Sty, ein at 145 nh 1049 1045 es in W452 OR + C44 [i — EM 0s f= 04+ (ele 0s ing Bt 1059 wt 1057, enya velop ner on ‘Sly Transformation of the 2¢ Euan eto Domai 8 Se fr the ‘rane Foci,” Eons 14nd cml pote ing tape stores aE, 80) = AS) [Uy AO novi 040) fy [4- APT) HB-B) aoe ees i Ug Lape tamer nF,10SRandeeing i) ‘Stems ofa om Ey 101 rs ne deed omer ai) poet t= ADA, = Ase +o — Bye) +1) ~ Cahe Bs =O Frm 16, "Teaeam| tute wom Ep 106 togh 1079 ny. 159, Be ease ge nea Simi, wing 10:75 gh 1079, 1042 ye nana oy, bene Ty MOCTReR rer spa DEMpint yb nt ira 18 wet ee + LOR + 6+ ro aS aE. 1081 ewe nn 0 he oer ge ad opt evn ger ii 10 Be Mate rr fa at {S'mores ey m= ieee et te i ae Spl paca ho “AT ft ae ey Ine yhoo cere peng i cnn oe, tae tn + renin rn fi) he ny ta sd gens jpg Slt t= ad ere he 2 te ae fice pes nh af «pe. The ie eet = ele tt ce Ic ins mle cn the sad te te DA Bod of fe comers deed macdonald ei ‘cy m lch he un sw op a dae dpe o ee ening pa Te pa second wih gu opened Asin seer aque yond he gency of eal ge creed seq seer stan of e cee pe als wn doe =20Si tea of sno PYM cried ot Chit 8, an 2 Hs Setar 4) + ert tequeny composes (1090) “Te hier ony ingen ep ola te Nah eeney ‘coq emus Hc ow so he oe ‘Stree Toore 8 hey cage 1091 ped. Ie Suave uke ade poate an-0+a0 09% Conga 1081 nt 105 de * 1096 0098) “Tele, te Me fr tn fe pute ih ers uss Si ei mcr ey acne nr 1 Faample162_t pote, et ont fhe moe my se tpertalesard m5 ge 102 shows te spite ester nto {cma Ph sein Cu, pc pe he aah me diego age i boule ee mnie Cale e vase hf hi PWM ing cc Solan Foes ate ty it d tee a = 08 9085 are 3) Tt, tes fe st conn Fi 1024 8 aioe er ston mse ‘The inp of esr sion) ety ating te in cont det phy osawry ose trscripn nn Slomi iste morse gaa) . esa cunensaion oF THE FHEDRNC SVEN USING Inthe swine pers own nF 1019, nl oe peer ae) Tyare 088) Wr 0 a eb E1057 Te) = emer anon of compe eor pier 11008) properly tare So th Tot) mets he pefrmance requiem expel ofthe Fost fy Sone of deed hss ose tar anon oe ow 1. Te pin efit ep minnie ety ot eon ptyooe 2. Tenor uy guns awh ep of et ato 1 {Gay m thon i 1035. ccver fen Sule sgh goat pity ares fe esc Sepa epee sang wien ens 2. Tepe mae Piety me F128 P= 10 oo ner inthe pne angle fF the cre ny mane ‘jie wtb apne on ‘faa opr ohage A pave mar nag of #0 = Sale.ron ha sii hone ny cae in Es 10106 {or om te Seaton ope mane 10-10 re ta ‘010 he 9, te ase angi fT.) the ver egy. Fom By 1087 = #404 tl ‘0110 we te pple), 9) tea ano poe tae Ff) nt Sin the se ei be mle 79). Pom pase Phe ‘ter tncen Tyson mfp 1026 = H+ eo ou seat = M4) — 907 wou slr oe he ate min ay a rig 4-0 ich oe int rom E112 whee (snming Se cnt ein! nF Toth art, 1o ace nopey cheese Be cwuorer Pope Koy thebeats sled fae. “he wap nthe Sug ede chet pC of ove pen segute es Go. el) hate cheney Ts ‘iis OS pa bo oe pa ome se ma es en Tp rf wee ed Sins Sa Sie Stacy Tyo. be oe WER unas and tow ome tac pe cad wnt Epo 1 gh Pan 0, oe cons) wets wien ‘may benzene ror aps pay opts son SN ‘the plea opm es pope po ‘Sine ching ncn jo n ea itoge, ehh eal ge satu Sone conee coe! snlemamvrcane Tusa soph iatne rotenone mormsctnectocy ‘ESjcmnne br teres pope opt oa on Re Sao pve es uhcate ofr ban feng ttt oe 105.5. CLARENT.MODE coNtHOL Sg a ee we ea a) 12h wher col ings es othe pede caret tg aan i i, ay. itl a ‘eo et le or oer tc 1S See eper 103 She comin yr comer af he ye sown Fig. 02, wher ee f hep compensation ‘Sts ne ao he sp of he nor one ne he Sich Wh {Ein ap et wt vlage ey tyne waar oe coe {Seen sonny ei ee ap alas ee a et Sesh here Sede ce obo conat ee caage net ‘ThneTuhow og foward ope fcc cel web atc ts seven aa et etn es ty 1 tins pa ovis carn Sie er eich ei ety meso eigenen esc sexe et ie en ese ities i yrs oe sic ot wa de paket {fevered yin pati wpe neo eco Shapers fe euty soon nthe ols a ot 2. mons one poe fmegendag he cu ee ce) tm Be ates Sti £40) te mpg cope ‘hn he spun ck sem pec me poe ee Pa Signe oe 4. alsa mor desig of per ups by el cant ng whee sinner aero ord pn es ares 4: a pr cern orl cone 15: nme ae ed ord he own F103, a0 ipl aloe (tear mms soma, earg an exceenno Ste anion 106 'L. PELSE-WIDEH MODLLATION CONTROL, In se er, he an ung eg iment he eg pe of onal by mero gil rie ma aga opt opr nt ‘tour anor yt cys nh ent sh 1 Sapte tly alge Sci, Smpeses, wos) oy ons pan so, ngoing ap iy pope” ‘egal eel (Des can bese ies, 0 ‘ic he yt or aos any set ops. POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION sin acne at proves preci sete and sie pte ‘ane pra rhe te poe apy a rie pion ul storm epemg consis Ts peeve snl ened eas edt yn PM Cbg 1324 ny ih se ed 1 pr edacr UCEDUA tll enn fe gil ole. ene ss orth iss oop br Tae Hac den a he USHA ‘Seon in i 10ST a ee poset Vou ph To) ere Spt iy ogra same 810 Vpn 1) ‘Rnene anges tmscnndecoee) bes emer op aap the poner a cen wp) Dconpac to te mfewete esed Sgr shge nae pn ef anlsr A eppe Redoc w Fv sess hop ps cane nce fe ne apie {Goa} mie meriny op psp sor sir wth open ‘Sond Soon 1089, weds en ae ample can be wie tet ‘Sonora apr vhs any gin The anes an Crete plat ‘TSipenl dots te tee} ol he one hasnt we ‘oem Tne ean ees demi Once repens = ast The sth erm mpd ih era out in compro emer a be mcs The apo sa i) a toe ‘Evie pt oer 0S pe wisn wa fq sri 108 "Tar ig ca lows PWM ent 9 ppl ne Dl ad {at event neo set rsh un ed 9 be eae shee ‘hey Campari fe omens woe wih he re pie hw te ‘ipo egret ty he clan cc pu a pe pats vie oe se ‘Sheree optics AaB, shen be ed eB et ‘Srnhe On cone Sing yi ete to tase egy le, ‘ime te wah rng nguyen he ois eee The PAE Ss soe sch pas te “Tc fener su acon fhe le up ck ple AS te ‘vie dy ro tps pps 03, tin aw pe oe» aig me ‘ven rng ening af comer es rch pu The ‘Sco Cy deme Suing ie fom 08 pos lee nu he“6 —— Teron tara Cea op pscerieseta' pe enter teee seed = sen ape wah eo Saar ‘ton In hth ap ngs Ad Bc pe co yim om asta Sete pte ats epi i he toning eons oer Sorr Stun ‘ec pa oy net owe a Prose canning sl ab reas nt sigs on ce ect yi fo 1046 CURRENT LIMITING For pci gin oct ng coup atte eat Site i sng ra ap not Inve amet he ene amp pled one pn ey Sse he ‘uu pbe w 14634 Fede Caren Lining Ancona ce ne pone ye at ee ing ash10.8 lathes nl shin 1034, PHM cai, ch a he {Isat Gand ear won he clay te ef be pe soe {ce nage rane ys spl man ate sere ‘Biay see spn vrch eat we poe ogy sal sh {aniroc ht mesainey vle n'e ecuc e ‘As ate pay cstv. beh PAL Sistine toes he pet age rer sete PM oa Te aa Aiprofhnng te PAM comer on hese he reese ht Soper Sec onish ering wine ae ‘Orn nares nt i ot i, 1-4 we an apc ere he spo heme sng an he PWM comer Hoe he ‘Spocuper spate msl dtc ne eat of fe po ‘Zerit em net cig pre (Soin Puneet poverty. ‘Too seth pays on 0 we a aml as ch atti 0. Tay ce ope DESIGNING TO MEET THE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFICATIONS oi bem nd ea, Teen eng e Asoc thn sng fh miig Ln sen ‘Rear mi bot E Fo yy por Ita age cue ese te sae ee ond os hppa pone dom ge Dea pare 2S noon per alge mp sept pt eos Pees omen es KEINE 10 MEET THE NTH SPL SECREATUNS. Han alee danping ot previews tii et Aut eigenen essa pec etn ees See ‘ower ie roam nyo ere ert ne {Re ga fe cg cheb age pale doer ‘png een oad ce Tra pnb pie ie waves of Be pt cua dred in ‘cuper h ubch iran hrm crt fe! at 0-2 INPUT RECTIFIER BRIDGE “Tote ables ope om nin ms og of te 1530. posite ‘Deseshige dati cio och atop 3 wh ae ed ha 10-838 BULK CAPACITOR AND THE HOLD-LP TIME {plein engl e-decmer ann io pov + kp ae ‘ng he replied spy nes oii te esas eas pa a shee pageant seein rouse Tet sh CO Temes Md hoe Yea ee of 75 ote ei et eae “"WThould be ood that fr aren capuceance, the cape volume is roghiy ‘mopronat wo vlan, demi ee sg aay pope {ont the se of he vag ig Tis pote gene ge of ‘wichnne we spe oe nea power spi se ergy serge i ‘tc vpn aa ch Nhe wage compu wih ec pet sup 10-4 LIMITING INALSHE SURGE) CLIENT AT INITIAL TURSON eh eri hs inna, ea a ay ‘Shan gohan Tonite hae te cme bees ec ‘iba ne cerned Cy an eT as Semet u em nia sess scaling be a en wh ‘Geonthisen Asia, eran oer owns many ow ane ld ‘ene ihe. Howe, tas agra he nt, hte 2 ‘noe pnereuate oc ats eek daca eka at int cc ye er om sag hoe when ‘Arto ren oti re, i yr pal ae vp evens cone nay yan el he rt tin ise ts elma cure sunron Whe eb cect lapechrer ep. yas "on ns ying cae ig sea posible design he ‘ete henen dene ho MOSFET or GB Te sy aed ‘hs ming pea arth cme105 EOLIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE OF OUTPUT FILTER chevciton ‘he ER of ops fierce Fg 1037 gid we a wa ysl, inhibin pone ESR gical oe We pe (Seat snd te ms se of deepen perl Pee 1010) The est vito the eget ae, ewig Sep ge [bs spss one opt ESR Fara ep change of ae ba Ser Seca san pd eth pcr a aye ESR ar, oom 10-846 SYNCIONOLS RECTIFIER TO IMPROVE ENERGY ‘Thor ian ncesngreenet eget such comptes fx pve pls ‘tags eee oer tar’ foreanpl ea? ge tcaegee CELRSY itepaice of ns pr ge onic sie, cing over utes wih sow opt ep, he Sas be up ee Sap be ETSige soe of your hes Eve te conned Sy he + ‘anette lag op and. be ge pov se lout {cmos As omy ge MOSFET wih eyo onset ‘es age Bis the oom sag Va eed ROE SCE cape ee se pny 1-87 MULTIPLE ovrpUrs Fer mtigupt pve py yn ces pio eo ow wl he ot ph an ee nage fea spud une oe Socata sep sa Fr sp Se nas ele pe tts be amir gato ey pase Tan bean ot chang oe oie ei i yng ee Inc we couple! woo or comm cow ame eon ‘Renee anti ad Fine Fp 10-8 EME CONSIDERATIONS ‘Sich pones ase bcd ad the mite EMI pcan ‘hse pests ihe EMI Sh eS Cape Th 4 SUMMARY Ins hes, pipes eid ace siting owe sly dee sear ps mie the dng scan poner pe eres. Toe ‘pci cmc fp antec ican vr sf Oh {noe conpestn te edoc ip bled. powe uh een roving bono ne ec ay, nigh Ss 0s pe ‘St spits PROBLEMS ON tag nt er ROU Hoe) emo Prentespeertmnes8¥ hepentanhosipaonnon eee 102 Atte sig cop gt mi ee ita ene Silene oC nin ese eee SE NE ieee rs ms wasps "4 A tpn cae qr mw nepal. inate pace ce cs ay Se pr to ice th Ine ee cpm tos ss Raunt poe ps ie ie nn ss ViESV ep f= tote 106 A owas cn wh enegung wing tle wi en ay ‘mde s07 Cae soe ig ea ete pt "07K cme hin ec ce1%) ALeseh onda eg mem ow atte eat higher ae tog Dens ve ns on ery, 03a Be cr se 1 ‘an Ass tit ee il i mw pop i ciple ead es met oir 00 Rec me oa hm we Apis 10 Spd ep oe te ag te pnts Pe 1 Fey tka te hn en be pee hecacpa Ue tel ac eis ion onthe 9 tad ey Ce cme em ae 102 1 yin 1 at eg at of ab 1018 tes fro cee win HM 1 Re ar ahage rgd be 6.0 by mens St it i i eect ots 0p plo of Sh hap ne a a ‘ett pg Aaa ee ed pe py ey ee ang | Seat on bee tubes Unis ea pels ht vot to Cad tengo hppa elon gs ag errmevas 381 1047 Gang Fl on mee owe P17 (0° mo Yt mt ep gp © eater nn orp iy ae ey ting tn a as TT ee eg aint a comp et os ‘ttn a a i eps a an REFERENCES 9 RE Meri fe PCr Si ng, + he ny Ss: Mar ay SlSM een tem Sat oy ve Le Re Re wm Ta Seater memo So! tb tt on Ben Spr Core 1 ieee Tete Ae tenet Sain Aton So oo rp CX, back 2 {TGS opi oer Sys Sei Maa,” Ure Cape vo, SRCRCUN Sis cl Fe ier yes Ud with oe Sun Canes ane” Pv arn ao oe STUER, no att ents ‘SEXIISHN HS ane Per tec pra Cofmer 18 28-25 2 Wine City Seg Rep Rls” Pen einIerin atta 3 Goa Ap et 9" at Capen, Mec {SMA "Ung Cw 4 Siig ou Sel np ey, 3D. gun Degg SiMe Com Sy Cai wth FC e- Poet Regn Fe Cap pp ONCHAPTER 11 POWER CONDITIONERS AND UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLIES 11-1 INTRODUCTION 11-2 POWER LINE DISTURBANCES 112-4 TYPES OF pistummANces cay pa ee non ee SOURCES OF DISTUREAN pttren wn ga if ei pi he xu apn rat np fal opt fw ps may Se Eo har ang en ni mmo power app ao Oa Sortie 0. asp eatin gt psig (CO) i 0 at pea poner ul dy tprconpa meta Simelease i Mane ol pn we aon oe Stes (Ss Behe etc he UPS diced elon yt oer uly Ld Pan Nae iim, pay 9 Soe te se 11-8 POWER CONDITIONERS. ‘Snes eh ie owe gsm gency eve tan 60 He (i iy Sono an ove Smee + Bum er ehe pen e el pd ne linemode pes They ss aay eevee Bang he coenn nae 1 ine contin ein my see aps gy hn poe. Shee tne of the perenne employe wile oe oom de For ate epi, ccc op cng ene wig i shown i ng Scat Wa See tnt mee yr islag ap aso ya he bry ci ee alamo (PS, inti ln ly oe oe, Toinevet eae ng, hey spe ha. The ci ate ssc a epee hu ich rc oct och cet an ‘hit tye ee toy wo ls now age Ke oe a ‘mtn sme efi) solage al tbe awe oa Seow Oe iw olug les bene tebe Seb ceed pay.» Taree ‘SS se cre snp rs fly ce) aren Toten inl lge lr ache caret ces 10 oo {Stl date tage race ows ha its Mage wool ER ‘Tot, ger dere eae the eee ay ‘Se neuer a sna UF ky hei a esl cae sc et ‘Set Sk range One tae re ue be! ced, Oe ee a Soe tansen nro neu = pope SHHess-x ‘Stey-cge cecenc tobe wos are sae me “he ee ut of tee oral pc on wer i mee ‘See gh ae nse phere, ea ‘new inte UPS Tea, Siero low amt estes ‘SETe elt entre een coe sei ys ‘Tite sed al enon TD, uh a ee nC 2 nee he damental gy eae te up ae ad Ye me ‘Moti uc eons ode Ty. TH peed oe es a 5: ton gr fF opie be ean non UPS: nape POM Staaf Caper 8. wih ier © Singlets pa pt Asche above ag 16, AS lok merece eye tay temper enmeite EES eis tame arma ‘2tbo mane we mou comer: hehe sates rete Peis eee Siege eaeee eater fume gay Tiger ecm tears Siti nod oman peace, eS Poe ene Sie Mea pew arn rate ae Naesto cin oe fe ot 18 rat rte PS lw paar se Leeann ten a ese ee te isi ret seg ot seit oy “anlrnive scheme, wate he aos of taney charig and the inne coe anctie Pi (1-3 athe mmal mde eng cee pets im assy elo ae ie itt sees cypher on wing cree eas ras pbs pt the ad om Se ey ben arp ‘Sayed ws Se Sul power gp tne dow the eS Te Steric TRANSrER swETEH Fran by, over ine tt td cape US, an ic Smee ne Ok Gar a eaR= 4 EF = sere teenag brace homme a we UF ‘They wal eerste andy pt ngs When ‘che, ent opt ste acon awe. Ta inserting ed rm en ar the Sr te ett St sent te SUMMARY ‘Ta may po ube cited ih te pone ie apt Pose oe Ane pow cinco so etc ons am es Fr oe ec, UPS at edo a pre for he ad srepeey i gene 4 nero hey a PROBLEMS "Name rng same eae Se eum oe SSo eee Seki meee us Strands nage Me ee eee eee ences Sutoersenee inna orca ae ne oe he ric' PART 4 MOTOR DRIVE | APPLICATIONS iCHAPTER 12 INTRODUCTION TO MOTOR DRIVES 124 INTRODUCTION 1Powe 8 Cnn ‘ase is et Be mat pl i = (Pop and tect woh aie Sina tae en Sh Fg wig ed Sem tet J+ ety + Mell + ae ay “handy ETE sed hice of te cooling aw afi te serge Ath meine hae le eek Seta on ‘eel hema er netay Ep ean 2-4 sce te pe Sacre en ne i gw 12.22 THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS IN SELECTING THE MOTOR 1w-2e mei stn the mach hrc he nd he mar dsl at SoS a mene ne erat ees Tat of sod inne nie, cs ae, Sgn ‘re roi by theme opel te tr ame pv he oe tear apotheke oman Tee mec ee {2 emerge pol a shown ip Tb The msn in i Tc Sig ain a 2 cae Fem ee mt tet of ame, wh ome eT on rea ee et pop ‘tus neering run 10h te pd Boe ‘che waters pest compar the tr ral ect es the tr hing he mie pert ewe clad bed he ‘ie peo Py rene ve ne ed ny Tht 18, ‘ose thee oe he fof epetn ed at panes ws, im n= 6 in is xe Bec of te ma et ei inet popes mae, me sate te a ge an Fa Sa Few 124 Sh al carFae bi we er i som of pope Ties 12S Ee neg nie power sven a see aco ty a “nyse Pp son nd adage Pay er es ano wis theorising are pene ee core, Beat atanuote pone be cy ons Pyteo e dy ey sate oan, ar tomptice e 3 depe etpae wh ivi vasa fe hem ssn Rye mtr eps ede Fae maime lowe ampere se 38, manu eile ale ‘roi tay sed nO sn ga 2 In grea sr Sense hanes B12 10 ee whe mot ‘ped Tce, ins owe Py sehen may oot Sic ces vd ie oem ‘Sing, Ry dats a her et oo see cil Maer moe SEATS it apts mer ue pd ‘emma tec pect sve meen). ener re pte ‘ure fn es sa ine arse opeing ein eed ee Spee 122-8 MATCH BETWEEN THE MOTOR AND THE POWER: ELECTRONIC CONVERTER (22'Re pa eth entre pi he bn con nh eis 8 ‘Som Deng one pve ng pn foo. eeing em wes fie ton eyo aoa enn fe mote ve ‘Sesion mio ve, an yeas mtr ve. The anaes and he aa ‘Susanah tas nr cera arsed Ch 1 a. "Peps len cone poy is ome ped ee oe vee nent pecan meer prove ceed vole (Gece oe nate mr came an, ee, he crm le reel noe lu ain een 122341 Curent Rating ‘sc evn me rg oy Se tes or ah a fo tic be our main) edo tl te pa ge al sue nse ora eco Sic art pprne eges toyding eakcaret e ‘epee ome: econ oc etc ‘ten hice sie fc a on’ ewe tt a bi em a eal as te oe at ‘Star ee sy 232 Votage Rtg ‘pilot shown by ssinpie pene seat of Fig 127. Te me wb oe ‘mice an hone te ge nb oad ent Sole Te mae crm ty ie ea ‘von ome eon tan nab pe i nana fe 1225.3 SwhehngProquency a the Mate Inductance Inter ite mse corn ie eb end gh) nd em, torpor 1212 Ay hays pe eae ‘ule a alas one mci morn Ps E12 0 te ple inde mse ee, X smal cane mp eee mer nt fn TS sce Be ecg eens nce epee Inno and eg ne= SUMMARYREFERENCES, CHAPTER 13 de MOTOR DRIVES 15-1 INTRODUCTIONons pew een nae winding cnt hs ab 8 lle an occur erin of mao ig Tew ig, emcatempme, The oom esl me, (eaten src sme nk, areesec enact tory mina o x wae winding tt op the eye deinen igi rode by aco he ld tu and emo at - Ton“ Hee , RSLS Eee cnc apse ene ee J cot Ape ro oS amet rom ede bt ig 183 as p= lin = Mee sin 182) 3s) er ee o tn asi boar le urns ei Same cD SSE Sita se oe mese Mien ngs pest By 1236 f Cater 2 dese bo he mt pee a = Tam = ESE + Big + Tall 39) san Be tl uae g and agig eof aches edt paca Heme, ya err ie aT te eden ee. Tee tampa oie rai ut rtcomsan nna cua eg lend ase 55 ce ie Te ema bg 182 me mT ing seine pia em ce io Sa ene eae er mh, Te, Sasramas nee aking shows Be at Sota Sree geet pe133 PERMANENT-MAGNET de MOTORS tb errr pee opens iene gana Se Se Sry Samana ice fae “ oy in, hy omg eet mil ae, Tee ea ‘Shonda hl, tse mening pee bel ed ete ena nen de MOTORS WITH A SEPARATELY EXCITED FI WINDING ena get mts ined ein ope ah ve 3 ‘ast ciny oben sock sped accom owe oF, (Secu wot ono, whee thc eae fe Ste icone, 1315 can ew a0 oping ah = and y= Ky, Bion 3M shows hatin ase mr th ‘Nop enc én, andy cme el he eae me phat acres os tm eed spe ih ps ae nie ne cen Ee 80 nh 1 me ‘Eeminalvlage Vn this ego sceses neat fen spine ne 1 8 aed Sins be tenses tom sce tt aera ‘ping we sbows ne 13 "Fvttin pens yd ava V ecm! 5 ae is aad by netog Soe it swe ect td vet Soma es he ge gy eines ee eel e132 ts ‘Ses Sate arm, mi oe nel ua) he 18 poe of te manu Sons py he tro ay sate Ayaco came a ected by 1008 of ted ae, Spee 09 EFFECT OF ARMATURE CURRENT WAVEFORM "hvu tpg nh ein tg Ripe i eager gn mens ne alo somes a is asi {beget ao eo tori pve neers ee (Span onpe rcs peal te eg oe ve ee ite rose he se ining pen on fm re, ep Sno me ie i es Fa cts i on tingle ch te [Seca ans ter To svi srs Snape be mee ha so Scryer myn ni doe enn one ee 155-2 TORQLE PLLSATIONS ‘ce te inten etomgntcgeT eepe y e mte Stan re cr ee pe se 18-6 de SERVO DRIVES. an comoedIncly by caroig ie mate of Se me 12461 TRANSFER FUNCTION MODEL FOR SMALL-SIGNAL DYNAMIC Fea 136 stows de se opraig oe Slr oa pd ‘nated prion. ie poe cose eto el ng performace {Soh ele prewar thigh ee om), AB os {xe Lil Fete 184 Gon pps ds devete oo ura of ema ise sn wi ee fs eid nace ni sen Te ing atl pra fe rl nin ‘nl eva seule eae aes ses ten a Bre 0h 2 ty OH {i ete atari ea eins, weap ie epee atthe ssa ales 16 ugh 1 Ys) = 4a + y+ se) 0) ha i) «329 Tn + a+ i = 805) ‘Tse equ fhe mf canbe cn te reply tr ‘anc hols horn ii 187. Toe pa roa eta a. 15 tere mil wae Wi) dhol tg Fy Ain on leary cg Seer wpe ace ae = ra To sich ay sol il eget ain = 822 Mo Tan o a ke Rls mt econ (329 oun wan Sic in re o> to Xie ence inion ee He 2) Tan et ore eee ee—sl 13-63 RIPPLE IN THE ARMATURE CURKENT i, Incr 7 nl ec eh FM be ee ower potato coe ‘spoken “ge beama ot sea the yo f Fag 1310 unr eaa-se oper condom, he an eo alten te Son sb cnt hee Walt ian eee (iis Te ermal alg nd hose covet fe psd ia es of ‘St ed ep corps ot nee ani wee ogni pce. Tei nie Tine ato vost 1d wom suming he pe oe ply teri by he ars inane Sar epi sc fom eg 1938 a tin age eng ple mane se eg ese Ee datowices pens Sey uy cm Ang ern em (tive Bp Te Tlushor ae soap tein ip coe AE 15,1337 Homie sneooms Se mumps pea pecans (apse «sss i Ve ig geo ea ge coment “ulin cas n POM ingle ogee sen he min nen ge eu rtp Fy Appin oo cma ie. P TEiiésows fe wmetom,ee he, ca, usin 15:38 and 9 show te maim pea 0 pak ep coe i ‘enc pein a Peet omens eee 1 tin 8 sin ta wt ty ig en 1-6-4 CONTHOL OF SEHVO DRIVES Ase se hee hp ra cy cot te owe cei comer ‘htwnia Fig. io. The cone eng aco ses peso ay hen he Atv cet es tse scent Jeg fo cers od Seca BeieScinnat oen e t r d “oimpene te Syms po hh eran sro tena eel comet pl wh i 12h ema cae ee ‘re cet Te cane coi scone! yep tl se ‘Sintec waste oe eased ye ges gaa Te ‘Show it mewn co am cede he crete eb se! nia mao he cepa aos Sa mee ‘ice en 863 Ty st een cree 1 Sai euncy bleace had ol Sheed Secon 631s Sed {een cde Sason 452, cn el curator 1-65 NONLINEARITY DUE TO BLANKING TIME Insp te cme, ee he ai of at ee tiation stance fr tgs dcomener ee ‘Eco aver Eqn 87 an 8 sow te tt faking tn ne ‘St lugs mage. Resp ot te eat ate fhe tare p> [vn wh mr pends al up en regen ote oe Fy Feit etna is Wamectny ton se maha90 curren 19 te ron ones 12, ta ati 15:06 SELECTION OF 13-7 ADIUSTABLE-SPEED de DRIVES ate sev ines sponte peda commas isi sn yn, wa cit manna sc own ay Iota 13.72 LINE-FHEQLENCY CONTROLLED CONVERTERS prt . one arama ‘cme coms pets male whe ese pn). Besse fr i ow ery ps nce ses wih he mo sae heeign eh mde ve Te, ewe ewe (ol dagen povc aca Onspeed yr [temas cea san les, sci ee Put ‘a pow nr iw per ceo in hp et 6 a ee te csi ‘Row hemo cn poops se per bh pete ‘eae aetna Hi orm etre pr SUMMARY 2. Ina or hee cals yer el wing sapped cup ‘esgic paper the ata ams care ‘Senne The rakes te ve pce, 5, Tene emf an ne armtre ang temis oy poperin! ‘Mined tat map a he nal eo oe a 4. usps non node cat sid ra Sm on sic heen ama hang, ang ht mae seen ed Ee ise ton Thfs. on ppp srl tw owl eae a damage te 3 mae 6 The mar es lie de Ine gy cond comer a te J tice cme. By Se wees wean dm, he ‘pecan becom end ad a wit de dm See 1. Te your fat a whch mute re ope fm he wy ad he tear tenth iy gh seen on he pe af ene a Teeny conrad ever winds Secon PROBLEMS kitbe sheutnipete 182 ao 9 me son om ne a ne ‘gow 163 ena Seer ny east pe 15 fama ume pe pen Pon i it 14 Throne Poe 1 nb fi detec opening 30-4 RTE etn Fag ‘cum te 15 Hee Pb 1 gag et 1 tee eof Pe (4 repr ei ee np tea nt Soar kam ho hy se pe ute (© Shue ttc ese te [fof T Lp oe renga, <0 Far ‘sete ce Sig a swe Fi IDI, ee» pope sono! ea Sheen 2 ra pe is oe sh “9-9 MEMEeso lace wi ey tng ne er int a en pt REFERENCES Space a 5 Gi Sm in Ha Ao, San Ney, Ra MA. 9 M fie rie NG : t i i iar: Speman Surana Sha ah een Hae INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES INTRODUCTION, Iuscon mies i unneeded ee ee ‘ spe om nee typ say os las), ce me pees pe Howey meat oer cose cmener, poo ay ihe eo ne me The edn sec es an ae ‘recuerdo te pcan 1 Auten apn toe i pes See i eed 2 Seo re 5 mmf is nie eg nd how spose so hes peed wee seamen tone he irae Thecus arse gee tne ie ces pump a2 toon in ig Ml wee snr and pnp epee ss ly sed ‘Tomaete fo rc he teing ihe pet Sd Teas ie cepy ‘Susie ae Trey ct fe avy ig hog “ahead be pp tape als theese ow. ri i Ta Tether a espa he ods otal ee ow Thi eee owe arene ce Be aed by ‘Tee = Aged? aun tn i.e poner muy ep om he mtr ve i? «sn se an he eosin ee amherst1 a0 42 wang att ve ee ho vy these ced. Tt wih eigwe a ‘Moi eh ue ser en pong ine Sa emery COM Teh lca iw se ed frig ed fumes Ee Pe ‘Shenae ty dosed ope em map of 2-08 oe Be mo Sirk alfa ade ye pap nw a ND Sheen Ty coc let i sew adn Be oe ‘caterers mon meray Sy ey ‘coe me oss high ove we ped an ad ge [BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INDUCTION MOTOR OPERATION, In atu mary spon, non mee es npn a, Nile Sae Thaw. Ussenor eso eum ae [Enanioe ns Tes an dao mtr nao te ne wags ‘Sete est Toe sy ta tiptoe The eae tear ema fase ie i, TREE cestaycomeiog tanned igh sone pepe ne hk (ieee, whch ac ay sed at exh cd ofthe ot yelp Fes, ume Ths i pr "igen eligi oi sty ee Thelma eet of outer tren aos entrain eng Sree tenga eb pe) Moo a bls tenets vole oo Signy f= gp ese ens alto arent ne eats» ok ‘Bin dice esi wh ellwing pps hs nmi SESS urls win enn pnd Seed eons ped. Scat band a) Sout pple mate spe by feeey 22002) _2 = BP Damn hs syn heen ft te epi ages ncurses ‘ining Tats oe eons et mt pa cn ped cat ey near eB ce ‘esp ot es ey eae yt» nto sped lane sory Se wig Ara cone cmere, het Beep i nn oh er y/o {ube eas he perineal ic sows pe tere Per eel i em eae Vt ‘Sapemact ofS anc lng The magnon Spee of 8 ant Sees oe Pe map ee a Nog bala 4s) a equa ur of tf he wing ay ihe ‘oenig ene tovew e = ea fs iin er ie inn oh i) = bn 16 as, 4p wh yi oat The pe mm nda mt spre by raion of he gp Be at thereat yn ee wire ton een ys sean el ie ego ‘rand ow. A any caciped so hea sane Set et‘Plt calo sip, whee ‘hs sp sped. om yh tans ped sing ald he “a Slos spat aso» ape)” Gamepad oe ‘hefie,th ed f hs Wit gece rd a Sips a= w= = aun From Fain’ a, hind wong a he tr oe ap ote ‘SS rpm he Sip spe totiyee ou The msi , of sp fey ola al sid yo er conn tan isl to 8 ed ea a ‘se hc cea an set ot wr abs ‘ie moe hn ty stn ‘ante cbined epling fm Eq 18 8 the sip omy fo By suming he Surcteape our ob eee iy stipe accel Way We SENSU Si psec eon beso f= blab ay ib oy Po wn a ate sits nde ig ince ce pepe eget ‘ror wig Te tp equ our ares pee elt re he sip ‘pet woh se err her the eho ed ike le ‘Boor uncsay so, =o) Thelacrcon and te a reed ear ‘Sita mat ina ects te Ln nt ring ete Maing ah en 1 by fan aig Ep 168 a 1613 ge Leah nae fens Patt, oy town ei, te f'n sun oa RAS ~ fo ear guested 9th seme a em) BY ml igo ra 1016 ean ng el pu Re re power mie fs warn pan seat “ Fre 7 an 8 he eto pes ead From i, 189,417, and 8 ‘erpseecumecoricl poeta show siting he ress) Bg Wisin noire “Theol emt, vnbye nar ea oe mange epi i heer co ae Lekth wy ‘etg cet oh poops eta Ts eet SSNS ot nr eS yO ee et gt Ble can ae im From decomp sn, he ee pls Tyg * Min aay Ih tng een te magniing caret chic ys wich ‘pone acl The dv age We hm Vie Bat + Data aay Sl vats ff copending SH Peale = a0 ‘Tea Bg. qn moan he quem SE, 1622 qa: Perea wet Tan” bbl 425 om ip, 113 ad 1614, wing te poco 4 1424, 1 bal 429 Coming Ep 25a 1436 ys Tua highs aay‘The spronntionin 1-24 ao eels in 1418 oan ha VEE 424 rr i pr, at i ala of pgm 8 be ‘ewmed tern e ing 168 a. 14.29 ye Yen ba (4a sh 5a Lh, ef he pve sin ero he seca Get pve Po one Pah ‘The npr eu or fc cold indo ma we sumed ‘atin fesse of wth sae be condone ‘he ouy ipa oben cb es ee hoe eos 1, Theos etc aly unig he igs oh pie ‘ola 2, hep at uae he pong f oer inte mr ssa Sa rsh sma Tet ete i et oa tated ind tue compa er operon ee Sno td ee mop 3, Wim smal nt ow aes esi a he mtr rt patina ley Be ey fe he pi ae 4, Fare recited ed gay ny hg sl op cot seu ed ao Taegu ey or fags ro eed tow var es cue re) 5: Sc pial fo et he mar ee fm eeaig is ‘ne soya pny hut eked ra ae aed reign, embetter de iy emul apis ee an he a ap at Selb const 43 ssa al by song te map pti agin operon itanmion orcad ach ay. enor oe ae a seta ewe wl ones es ek INDUCTION MOTOR CHARM FREQUENCY AND RATED VOI IRISTICS AT RATED (LINE) AGE pal ances a an nts ant temme ae of bgenyst Vola thvm's gs 14 and 14 she td psc pes estos fa dnd Atti tof ony tym A {econo olmgt cte wharf eo {interes ie acon snp espe emp wn Tee) akg 143) meaner cing ep rm pa tne 97 ea gr este, aaa theaornndaeinpecoce ny le Bandits -6) osc ot et spy np ue: Af toe ec ae ace Shen od thereing ted cen chaning town oe Ps San 1-4 Te mon ng mar om pa ced he ple sto gs! te ony ncn te ee, ih ae en cg he ads eae rtge 14 Pha ef sent ee sre el eee a ia ne ie 14-4 SPEED CONTROL. BY VARYING STATOR FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE “The scum in Stn 142 spe hal he sed i eon y waif ‘hich om the tes pee nb tr ped hei et “nah, one baying asin pepsin We amie ences cag a aang et age 144-1 TORQUE-SPEED CHARACTERISTICS Fm the tng Te fr sal vas f hep cnt ess ‘STs anh tenes Pd aye Tn™ be ces) hich pene porn fe gig hn Fig, 1, Sse Tiina etn oes Ty ft i ep ped ay rs Eg Schima tig opto ice “Thevonue—sped carci shift onlin pare, as sow in Pig. 6 furious es oT ea hs, com ws fire fan The Uc to ee feces tow fy 14h oy set Me sed oi 1 es Sp spec a fa) et Ne dt scott re ip gcc (we the ey he ined sages carn nO Rc nr) at an BH Tesi ut pm eure now Fe By 1631 epee ove bat Inet nets etl wee emp Hon yd Sus sg pment aren fein apne i co hg1 Beampe161 fog, hp 4.V mor spin i le ower cent led gn. md ede Ae Cl ed sip anya pve oped 250,20 fan * rn = 008 0 = 8H (okey = 1 = 186 = 390 soth.tane Viton sn Man (oi ig 1) Same HE 04s nia 16) 442 START-UP CONSIDERATIONS cur an bmg ge eSpace ‘Sante flowing inn os om Eom E1638, ho hte 43s) Ung Bs, 15 nd 15, Fg a a plea Fi. show awe (ante sed at allopied eey fon) Se a af foe ss id ying meron Wih aco, sss by. ‘Saeco oan ge reed te sang ers te eat ge ma ‘ere tn ema rte tia min Ft the rtd peed of 1746 rn a 6 He sacle by wig Fg. 1-8 ax : fae = FE ohne 436) ey rn mn ni et ‘eta ded sets ew hed. Th er eed ret ‘Sule overt inca 1-43 VOLTAGE BOOST REQUIRED AT LoW FREQUENCIES Tete sti alco oping ony cmt nese en iff ‘el Ts ane a rn if along seas mae non main ‘ono es, fy tee moma ) a! aaaf fig, 1.20 Tete, wih pce wih Fy, Use ate elec pa, ee Tet i 145 on ie Ven Ug + Dean * Rs)» Aaa ~ Ru) 4) and pent pa gram 110A tun y Fig 1410 eng ii her aro Penna a nee fom Ba + Ona * Rl a4 a iets, ae aly i Rep comin ao ontario ia! Sloe eae dn yn Eo ao opr wh Gpeang en f Tee, foo oat: Vaan vhs Rl 4s) ‘Sopot yep Scns Sassen bl et, Reon tar pers fae meal age ee ey Sn te ugeteen Soo Mae pepe me ‘is wl cd faye, med by dae i Rp Yo Te ‘tin ot mgae smn oa phn Orpen Fete aed Trey Tesh fy Te Mg tei wn at ep cont et tiger prague bose tow opening emi er me alae io as et age sh wae Spas ne ed ‘snp ig Ts las oid tab Sono ed etl INDUCTION MOTOR CAPABILITY: BELOW AND ABOVE THE Spee cont y mens oe el eg) ations ow py 0 ‘ut the amt ty persia he nd ped ssh ae ed ‘fe Ts cay vey arte = my pcm, i en ‘i bee i ped acon, ene pe ee pec ‘Sou mechan pie, Howeer, oe fl oe ie hon reed eed bce i “he mer r-less a show ai 2s ig. 1128, Yo rtrd Tt pdm fateh aed or ee ie plot Fp Cite shot be aed anges Ho of Spi. to sce he oso, 13 al tt hn ett Cmte we mieten tsar roar eee ‘eg ram al ae om oe low ve oss mT reece emma rmermemnete petee enigma Gevernanwacner ne once peers ancora ee cen ere ys aman Howe pci, et Speen ewan italia naa era aetna 4.2 ent te Rae ped: Cnt Per Rein 2 oi a cy he ir ic ‘rn tema ify edge ot be eed ve ap Sos hemor sage it aes ened al, ot exh Secson 12444 Toy tcp oo, tse fey IS ing mee ante Ry Fo 1 Tes hich ets in meses cre whe pes propcin 1, shen Unie. Tet fr ger an as pene= Metetpmemiens pharma inouag, Water ce tow tall ys = const sy i et TED CONTROL WY YIN STATOR FERNS SB KOLTAGE ED ‘De sp een fy a0" are fat own Fg, He A ome oe cus ne ti et sn eg tp nen Setisrescmamt tana =a wan ye a's, eo Hews npn of te ld he sane ein ne 16128, ely ma ey pie Tn pai, nr a liver higer hn ied yoy mig ht 1) sec doen ms ef are ans ho, tlt "per aloo adhoc ge nd poe sn sda he ‘Sees eee an te sn un: Se er eka bs se 14443 Highspeed Operon: Cott Reson Wah Yul a ie, depenting oe mar ee, yond a cde te tango 5-7 uae Be rp oes 0 th he ee Zepaces plo tage own n Fig Atal per ena Be ‘ra neyo foes poo wis ely Fes a bus cmt Teie ee cpl ie Tears = bas 4a) camp i mt cen i wi dni i (lie wi geet showin ip 1125: rei ite ye main, ‘ee pode te meee LA Her Vat Operation umn ents mc igen he pci a ge Ste mete Tee, by eas ee slp some ioe ‘ely ate nn rd lage pts ae ie ed do em T ry ag mu, ets OO ‘ie abot cer crt ng. itt wr eds ‘orn this maar, he moto ance ough o be cones 145 BRAKING IN INDUCTION MOTORS nme lt, may pid yas aeun aonng ao pe se, wh we mt ‘Stra stch ecm er thin pe ne hb a {asco cheep ure ew pg he mabe ey ered cng eet owe he wy voce ge te ma © Mi cnteand bing mnt no ahd edt tute gun coe phi ey ny ite ‘Wet avr erin enema pe pec ant ete ap 1th erent coe o> ay show BT, ‘hte he ssa ue developed ho emp ad a8 an ‘needa eco” upstate stra, at ke machine wa ee oa 1° the smn nan duende pve ing ee Seger) inion meds igre Yet hows he moe oes ane ‘lsat ences unin ome yes cones a onl end ‘Seconcpong res pr, Cor amt sly peta eh Sonics pct yea et Todi eaves sce ne The ae Psa oped {Satu gry nf sno oe co ne ye ood ea ino pis eo gun egy cnt re yw aad ‘Sfoctrcamts tate vent soperccasessppcee Radic tare rule gen) ems arb cp se hadog Se ery pe ‘emu ne yo Fire 148 Goran mde 45 fren nd ap es Soca het ayes i IMPACT OF NONSINUSOIDAL. EXCITATION ON INDUCTION MOTORS Inte peeing seco, wa sed a te icon son a pd 8 ‘ieee, ble, tats et of age re es ‘ble an canoe ace ef oa we ea ‘Seah eee de 1 phe denen Unrate at py ‘nao ghee component we arn to aan tt equ ar cae Gaps Inte ewig awe wl sume at ‘he mar apie ye Pe vet shone os age se Inver Thana eee je cece cae 145.1 HARMOME MOTOR CURRENTS Asotin, ere ov ne ren hi 1 fom the per phase equvale crc of Fig. 16-2. Then the mor coe an be ‘ai y in be pape pera igh Ron a eh et "TAT harmon yn pict, lb a mt mip 3), rey ie ve compre (a rs nthe ap a pnd of Ian becany nena arte fo paddy ares hr Tae 1.213. husanapoie ps maton mpd wh dane Ton, ‘ec hs rant nat msn ese fer Meena oe tee = 2-3.) pose at aon tr sae deo thet Unser re ney open fo sed ae ea scm sil ae sips» Ss spain ne sect be ‘Sted beh san a dao ny nas 164s)Terre, a mi in hogan cl Pi 25 Bs 6 TEESE tre ibe pans pete hone ey see We cei si soni te etn of a gape wa in {ppt hee Be rs dinate, eee Rei Me oatic Tg a tsa sete ye eat te of Pp Ws Neca te mr ented fs secede eri pons ‘Pik n alge ate omen amon onere ibe mtr ence antsy aane te pc suppose de ae ‘advo hg Te och tame oe aie "ease hc hams ca cme ee eign ik secre ised and tron: maps pry Srey he ESGEEIES Tae nemo teeny whch donne oe FB me we, ‘Sriecirandanteps ea nang cig being SETA aot eth Este aac 145-2, ARMOMIE Losses “Tepe li pone on cope fn re winie ee siete canbe oposite cr and ise ea ae wi mon gs im WSEAS Sid wre nes ues rms ene cet a (act, Te nt rl ry lean one eth eee ‘Rea ws nton tse choy ae en pied he COE ee, soe, al etch en SEATS ore iirne rosa operate is. ae Bo geet rae mae 14538 TORQUE PULSATIONS Free trmic nt reckon lic pling om cnpnsH ‘ling qu aw epee hy en se ame ed Rat Sete oe ‘Cringe ao eis, shih we atv i ee those wars sre pc ce patagtne spec om feo ‘Npaaolbyseasoay Oe Memon xan os ie ini lo eve mon tn aa apo compen seg a ee uae Sern esa nee ae ‘suming or pr be eine ge ey at ee feiipaie coh of hence By eset, heen omen comonenBy asap of a ia i etek ya Umer ane sda ee, el ong tm The ae {ete imercton ytd By nbc nee fone pe Hower ee ‘ped een yo so, Sieve dewey By StS enc pe ape wr 0, th mc nin ols in i as et ba poate aver tere temmesger icone congo. at of whi pus a Sh mon teeny ‘eye sge pr he ey, Sn a ok etme oct sees xen eile fw io tee trea wien ss, Anise of pe le = by Oo) Fee) es ih stows ater pia re pl may ol ee peed le Shorea hegre Fire M16 Teli 0) nis [6th me146 VARIARL FREQUENCY CONVERTER CLASSIFICATIONS. stone daca he pv atin, hn nee ish 1, Ally asthe gy acing oe Sed ot et 3, Aiea td aon sine Dat at ay fey few ps cf ehh oer pny we doses a Te ey dem pr a ey Sy ‘map chr ety opt coed eam ter crt rat ‘Stitt tice en ene poviecepe gs a cre sii wm ny. ie mc on ca 2. Squmeunevlag soc essa ve VSD wi yr mee where ceteris mace oa Sec emo earmacmean antec innay Soar ae Sooecarec tender septa rEebicteies eras eet ‘is nae teeta emt monn cee crane Go eats {owe on erase motor coe ya of rl ey. Te fitsh Retheten ncn pe or aml Erte ommtenngre anomeric Sxhakagrstieeermorocam ss sex Rowe Mert Vale 47 -5 Tp - ely [A = pos a bia 21 y | mete mn ics Cpe ww cD ee ener wes yrsten, nme ed cere VARIABLE-FREQUENCY PWM-VSI DRIVES. Fee Le sho he hemi of FMVS, sing cre pie wy iar Aa even wba ealy ncn in hs PD srt ‘Seba ery al he agate oe vgs up. Teo oe ‘Soran coed de eect pen wa One pe ee ef eran the sere Sh cn sy canaries al ‘Stage te dn pa gun) and ppl OU gs ph foe tang seaton ce gee oe =F "A con Caper 8, ns FW verte enn te ue age soya cade te Sing sen nd emp Thee.» BhNo ea (i “LLL. . ~ “ ERAL atc nh conceit soe hat end ipa oe Se ee fer Tos uid owe ng rae en trl a fe (elt son rfc tb ily et on ee ct. bemly ees baling tree ing epee wi ae seek ne ge a on a ey of as 167-4 ADIUSTABLESPEED CONTROL OF PAM-ASE DRIVES ‘feed feck wet may oar ig frac hop tegh ‘feces cme ipa Chae 2: iu 6 bow sch ote. The Tarceva eae oe ye pate ace a ee ep sound wy me pi neve pr il eda! toe te ease col py asa he Fi cour in Fig 1e 21 we cota The POM conf a te ee ‘lg coment at en Cher ley F119 Te aes Speke rcs teente clued fom ef angel win Yo ‘As dacadin Caper gnu PHM mate eT pis hate sich any va) pop Toop enc ape et oration ad ah end cae wage ck may ployed Thee eure fv cpg oe ee, Eat a iy femme Fire 421 Seed an cine pd me te > VARA REQeENES Pu mS ip 1:2 Siig ye tn (he mama cen rth he dave dagen ery ‘Soom tt ote mania whe ln tin of ne ‘tr Became op. henner ot pe ower ha ey ‘Sori isp ompoumorty congener lip en, th rene ‘hc, mene ma pend Mee ae eae Sowers To mat ie ecient rs he de int Sage so Eten eed Tope eam te a 1. Syed com dea As own nF 1421 pl al a eps the ped eae splot nl he ees ten onpst vhs BY ap hth ma eee ‘ogc be ec! hee ems pment a at fasatchnge owed he sped wee sig Dai the tins tedson sae, meer len rar des seing wen ie teed muon oe ingen. be mre ingen ea ‘ogo mean on ip campesinos ini 1621 wd ened int 3 ew 2. Caren cece ng eat cea pnd ng Teneo nF 121 wiih nog mde eee ‘tmp te mo sed he ah, woe Toi ‘etna ecto 5a he me ae ys eo oe Ue ean mtr caren comp ih hare in, or ‘ough comico te et coe yet een fe tyme) Inte ig miei eed ate eee ap wel sr ‘sfc Torsna trees ta cove in drag ig ‘eal cre compare ihe nen ima eel ag ‘euler scr on 8 ood enol eat ydoceing dere incessp a} Dane tng beacause ap sina his ee king on essly tee cons se ha ots oop aris sen Eat Sat een, gs 5. Comyn rp Toa eye cota ed ‘ern st opty sa pp eon ‘Them nF 150 ied yep conpenon lack of Fi Har Onepionteings recs by emg power ot inde tea tence dent eat Volge Tote pp i by eta he eae eh {cindy oto Ta 835) ing Teh en ahve a koi eed votge can Sac np moyen shade me fei, ea eens menting tbe nl sed aly ng sa apn oe aga o g BY ‘Sowing tip stale nese om 107 ety og he 424 INDUCTION MOTOR SERVO DRIVES Inthe pv es, te empha a eno cmting he sed of indcon tae Rey nse of te ay iy of he dip igh fest {Os icer oneepanag ot er ne sree ‘Seve ieled ty mot Bo rons uy precy eo owas seh at ses oe te ce of ton mn oi ma de yr ‘iopmvcanckceonapatc weg Teed ne we commas pete ‘pending nese slo nt mate ee See Stocco nr SULT matey snes ates ear caet Tie eraty weal dy met pts Mt en me hen Be sebetre mine Ube aseunnecnia erica See ee ase ee ee tn 13 fe in ot ca ee a SHESUS GN Saran thar cn water ‘Segue ol up amy eo 14-8 VARIABLE-FREQUENCY SQUARE-WAVE VSI DRIVES SST ce mectemncoam gen soe he pening sure ve ete mine he mt gs» Cnr OY Sing by me of tiny heed ce she Yh hem ey pace ng Bic ‘eee err nc oe ed en) tooo ye ew apres"he tne eer nF 186 me tg paid ‘omer esr 2 Cher 6. Asning nots Roing cae ou he ‘ie an ean he ne nts he ic te orm ets 8, re E142 ad 165, m= Lasvucora= Vesa 4s Se ang sb pce POMLST ve ny samen “ohuge he mer at es gcc fe ‘esgaze nme sn, fun By 1 Stan sing Ve ome Fa eA dn peng ef ase nich shows ine ones ar a ne ee he a non ‘rsa ely ye Ie Alo ped. howe, hee pea 2 ‘ve ave cn becone ite ones fe 9 2-6 Tr ay eee ‘ecg tyr mr by Ge ce pe meson wh ‘pd dnc mer LVARIABLE-FREQUENCY CSI DRIVES. Spamaicincae yee tiemeneeee Se tn aon nie me i, eo ed ieee Sete ee Sea AS OF SERSFMGLEATY DNS APT Far 1:25 (Sie ne (i he scopes ensey aparece ly ‘only very age tosepowes pplication, 114-10 COMPARISON OF VAIIABLE-FREQUENCY DRIVES. senna inten ‘te Ale an pies oa i an, ‘Sele hr ig ah ni on sus teen cmp ie eh. oe" apne Sie dey maa rs ‘wa be aossacar nce ee —. Ge Shey Loa Sone pn cnet can made bn he ea oping hee nes. ae scent pcan, FH VST = pene er CSI wh ater» Ster mach om i en il fa pc ae, ‘Sesser tp ace of peng donolap, er fp, a oo. ‘V-11 LINE-FREQUENCY VARIABLE-V {tent an woe wey 1 coeliac es oe Seton cna bechaprac in te) ee as Tate eye cof i 12 wi fou at ag enya et arf te wera te ene pepe Tefow in TE EAE bequest bpp forse a ar ped ie yd T= bt cas ont 7 eye mr nie gece win aon ‘tala oreporp ype ae ine eo ee Tree ce rei i aa he he eo ‘pete mor eran ir camp enero hea! he me ‘Sapeseod saves iy Teas ewe Then pt nln ae {Feo and sn th ed Fors lane soon gi ge ee a ae wit s gher moter aan shone psp chances ae pF. ‘Noe nih high oe msn hase o sp whch be pou rae {dbo Su rw or pedsotecled versie np wet ‘en comune ed [tm net — Fire 14.26 Spec. Spe cnt by oi ester olga in pone ceny stow pen tc ohh rr loss ened eg spe et et the el ‘er tt tb cd a eb ewe be mes pai ‘eral ures om ee la) Assen on ips 0 ent 30, ‘sd cnt ing ese sage teins ap ops cen 2 pe ‘xyourlon mane oped Tee te mtr tp a ive hp soup ng nae ei etn rr st ‘Score yang hse Ths ior ety ee ca ae oseran erp tes Tse tac reper ne perl ape ase ‘Sine tat de wales pnd eer eeyoe mtr spe Tt ‘pend och ree a as ich ae eed Stage eS hay Bene prone nl114-12 REDUCED VOLTAGE STARTI A pasa fr cooling erage of the hinds ct ‘sion np er ens fee us fac ote eee yee Beem of be nce ef tpn at ak capers rhs tes Sos nthe ere pars Pe fhe mo ane reed yo sa tc ne i on fr Fe aera ce be coe most conpnon pig oe in pe pve ow cmp Nataipegenin Shu oie Theremin cre ao ow tae ay Stn Bena fhm ler, rene rcp pd eS ibe Roaepowe or rn lps (SOFT START”) OF INDUCTION MOTORS ‘Tee ceetotFig.17 cm sho ee in contend vee he not ‘olages asap hay acing ta ue Ia oui coe Ia esr tren abe sarge sa pee dae fees age sarin sense cn eed aed ages aes fry he ecto Fg Tee Pies te se deg a ae ‘afte ovecone eh eves pw Seow) an he met orien omg tenner yi i inna tobe bck cme ip ne poe s ‘ntettynn iets ac (2 cof ag pate peso “Te caf Fp estan sh be mda cna ce oe nor oes ton Gp ps ed he Pe) a3 Ben ee ‘Sip, mtr lost ge Ther age oh ‘imu poe ca eve th ecg Teco eee tec of ig. Shan ece Vy ee eee, He 408 sto ensaa a8 sy te rer NERY 4 The an of ney sae spice Compared wih Be ae es he ma a ee harms Sd he es facto ge Sip ny be moe pres ey Hd ob eo of ae tapes were gs ete omer ‘Seay none del oa or mun nee es bed Ieseh cab tn ope ay be nmi 14-13 SPEED CONTROL BY STATIC SLIP POWER RECOVERY Fst nto mor equi ca i ube sha ep een fervor veo ren In sana sve Pa HR epsom (Aan sano ne a hee Ft ‘Stet Tene racic Shoe. forse ‘tance fy tos somber natn mss 2 al estan te pee ‘She sary ang an eel ph sig Fite ange ped ane sows 14 i pea at ihespcd peten en cana ay eting ea ae theron fe ey se spend pen y emt ods Sees esse ano Se, Wr a ‘Np ton may be vac "Tati owe xn shoe pie sete te bt ‘cect cc por Ines power cays ae hfe ng ip pre’ rr eer ees essa oy (es faery toe fla ne oy mes images seer howe 9, ‘he ec te wi ping Sach or [te poe eins itches my compe vik oon gun Se he jn nsrar nn ftwf comee ee ag Le any 128 eect amet482 caneren ie noncraN woTOn es ewe 1429 Sie suMMaRy ebm et i fn a SE ere Saeco ae, Sear seateera area Tas Shoei Seetrorn eee prawn oeoe ony m clara we pr Sn cr Seca on Rerun aan pesateceeet ine 1 pang are emmy etm ner See erent arene trsmmrreemercs Ze ietercenneeremene Sioa s eevee Etivecroeesscemeter Slee Saree sae ae ey Eto yaaa oie ose 1s EET Thee edeeeieonertenrtegpr oe Eine eames ae Sinytteaafeer oe areesioeen ce Sige erence Seneca =o «ices mete ne tego Tosccasicieraar ee areata, Sareea Feet an atmeersmventine 1. The ahr mas fig nction mat, So of ee (astute peng ple mite mln nr ve oa a (si itgaey inn sip oro In ern eats, oo ‘oss carn sino tags epee PROBLEMS 1 Ades, fl, By, em) nn mb al ‘pel an eee ura ng me ie a ‘einen Bray atu any mm np hai a pra ‘Sey Pre pms fame an ‘eProps png ie alone ‘Serine rune tt cs ale pt, ee ee Pasig ately cae ae poe: a 13 ei aaa Si rth Aa ee Acochs mri gol ea ngure on Oe tig i ‘Sp pre ue nt ne ves oo ee ‘4 Tere en 0 i a a i un ny Sciatica pp ae STE tyetar ene of mm ere 6 ate in 0 Vinson f° R= Smee $00, Tema {tin Tp ee gps ee ae 14 Fens ge is ane tone dir ae See ae ska 208 tno soa ae er iim) ce ven a mone shh is Oo ‘my ge aa hn eye ma ea om Un Oo ne 145 fe Prine ints mnt vey PS he in man {Soir Daumgcay onan me y= 8 Caper pet eoSYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVES 151 INTRODUCTION REFERENCES,4446 cuten 5 srsamiyacs oro Bats guano ts in he yat as eng el i eo ha = ware teh By = ne wens pre af 18 er Ep 153 sgh 185 an 18:28 % 6 se Insysvnoe mr ine ar pd ith sto cd re se coven cht hen) coed wc om 8 ibe sn Pte tow athopp,whentasae yces spr The ange 65s pyr eps dane en comps Tire peo, inking ih pact grote ae sur cre hae nec 1,0 pra Tote Pe ou ‘Seog nine np» dato 6 Pom bg IS8.8| Aig he fen compe fe pl en oer pea te pwc dram el = Vdc +9) asin rom, 15, whe Bi eae ec ee ep Hel on be ‘reid pn wh at t= ene san Boe nth = alye® asin ‘Thera hh ait a ewe mf 88.0 bed) = b+ 80 asia om os Thee pag te eat po gpa edt) = NE » +o 116) fem 18 13,9, ad 18 co i Fae Bet Bet bh asi ‘erp en cvce conan se do a teh seot he str wining ems a eager ang cg apne yond ye erp tml Sge pew We Raga t+ le si ‘Te hor dren omegoning wo, 151 stow nig, 152, whee he {bere be con tne ri alge Pass Frees sf i te pe aa ‘pu cnr oe etl owe Pon a= Stans) asi te 0520) in Fa 1519, 1520. 154 Ta Molin «say sh a en un ne hem he oo Prine rn dg of i 182. VT aig power ac peson seman yen matt ap dive wi cree gh inveter escape mc elas ‘ent elo ins cing ee yn duct aur eanets tach eprint pterence eo Wi So's rae hn and ape fe se panes a Ey (stn be en 2 tt usa se ye mops ui Gag cei 8 = 98 BSAA eckson, 0! Ma ros eines ‘Same cunta eat wpe nb, w= = nt ‘Soret pane nr Ate oe ee Setar neopets oe 1563 19) SNCHMINOLS SERLINETOR DMRS EMH ESOONL EPONA te eins ass, ee ey ws pt. The fl of slesy ‘ae te meted yer peuvent at tit age ‘even der hl at ea rn Tt ttieqitave meu sil cee ge Cnc es Sct fete macanershe dun strep ly ett ei cpa ste cma se cone a SYNCHRONOUS SERVOMOTOR DRIVES WITH SINUSOIDAL WAVEFORMS. ‘Thea fa ey don teint eon lane a ase ‘ngs nc mcrae ey isl I eg Senn oa eta ped he vis eon Meee here ge 8 Fost eae met a tie tn hes ony is for epi stoweaRiI84 frst ecg (tei tropte moor of Pi 5. salt a pte pak ele ‘ua tea) say the eam chin om 6.182. Fea pe mt, ne 8 ‘SSC mecca snl mented on esac og 6 cle ta =Ban san Ape we 120 12a ih a we gy ad (40 = teu sa ‘a = Heb an ~ 120] us25 n= Fenton ~ 247] asa154 Hy) ae in een hr coe" ent {Bitte ioges ple bona x opal avo If ing eed Siempre pe shee ie om non om ‘:romaor ve piesa apg ane ie HO Eniemons gue 1 hohe oa bok im aetna crt ii ih sino ween: Theseus on espns ety sane se ‘ee iy ee we, ee! ine 1 by ming psn Sn he ean) ery THOM cone Fenton wed E1828 Isat egret te ee pe ‘Sins ita. can The on cot ample der ‘Scores ping 15.2 Oncethe feu ne a ae ee ines cand Eo esd gate Ae dace in Cher Seid gs siete ofa mcm eal SYNCHRONOUS SERVOMOTOR DRIVES WITH TRAPEZOIDAL WAVEFORMS, ete pm igre an Satierunri er serene: Sita cercerenen Sie nese mnremacaieee te Saige nore ce tesaaneemengiadataten iar crmtt pane megane knieerascerecnes uate Saisie menses te in mcm Sin oh ini pe ‘and c, displaced by 120" and 240", respectively. ™ "ope rea pve uh cr, pe cures supa ve tongs oro i oes eve h inte eae poner.) = esd won on nig 3 Sona 9p) PP 8 pene fe esa tseonaprts gue in pene of tine dot ly he set ool ren aty fg 1538 an 129 etd ee Pe 13 In pre, ‘ete fe ie eater he creas ane Toco ie eee we ere by meager on oe eh REISS on ce eo in ax neva of Cal ees ini Sahn te eon op ‘Ss ee bin te ca omc ie inmate tema one memton t hyemanng Beta ray re pci 15-5 LOAD-COMMUTATED INVERTER DRIVES Seapine hecoeatanponsl silane tonne Fore oS mo ym gr ee gue Aa Ll ive cr i ers -Acanovnio, Ll ivetes o hephncaebe er.The ‘qc a te Pe of se cae Seed te oe poston The nce i lt veer oly cen he cr es Sree ous pee yin sia ee The eee ‘lpi the ons cane by te pane one ine ore “nt ernie esther es ‘Spt nd vee ante he ner penn mr one sues Ne ht ene omen Pa se oe psec, Me ‘equ ener dace Charter coat ie spe of he ‘ore our gr sn ect cer nage ne ko ‘Sth mar car be cand Noo oe ecier me "he at veer teow of ay sey mma pri an ere The caret Santon {vie he nny need en pees tot The pce se ‘Schein ir ue commotion a tere et ‘pier ins ne ge ioe cee pening ne Te Asay and ow pr hn 10 of al pe) ind oe ‘pnceat sesso oe em oes at core. {hie ts cotton, cet ition pie yh oe sore ne See gt sg By "few av nny coal polis. Conde th ge bel th ed spt cis hn lect A et res wi prin oe eva og ens. She sutage mcr the em mee aie a ld Poss aft ine The mane pe alge eel ope {pal eyo the nnn pr Kee a come, ‘asc cord nh owe et, ws showein R14 Theaplid Sorgen he gene We salon ee es comer nen te ge ped the in ths cng sd ee ‘an Sunde msc fem be mand cca ole eer, ‘cag ite eps a nee ae ie ec feat{hd speed ol ate ae app enn be moe Fp stove ted eee re pty nes abe ie canta i power Ferra bv tt pee el es Me 2 ‘erat by eds, Thetre hsp cal ets ween a “Smee pra pops a ck es std aon 1 Wetton mi ey gone ing (10 pe om phe ha wane comple i he nce nt re aath Fare 1549 Tne ghee emer ‘he avencene C3 indecent es nang ep 4st dg ca iti te i rs ee int incon or emer: Oe eae p cst nh ‘tera sec, us malig Koper oyces es Beg ‘Bit ine sso tee ney per on ey {ee of even ae, whe He slags aa cep ne ‘non ea ve tah de weld per ly oe, 4 Te LC ves van ine epi ove eee ig by ‘king eons moet ene eng te mt serbian ct gee iy hy 15-6 CYCLOCONVERTERS Intonspnd an er le repo: post aie we ecco ‘outed cms nd con motes Ase laces tha an heey commutes come show Pig TT a se eines enue {tack cece Ine eeny so omen icone Cha 6 Te In (re angio he eens eh pee aly el eis tonsa pa Oe ee copes own ne ‘the the pring me een or ere fe pie a he ‘lene pdt ei ea loca “The cmon Site rel he ie een wit spice imi a gy dat SUMMARY n nectemenar met tate erm weer a tere eee pap eg ep ies Efe Sethe re Sey ee eee ea Rema aneerergipee tat Seaeeeeaeren Eisenia ataecemenas 2 Fee peepee nee cermenner tt Perrier cea eran atiempereecemcerre atten ieakcminwonineecmme‘Satay ae ey menue by se of nine tone fecerump trier Thee te he as esis Seeley be Sib aber ap my Sse a oe ne as chs Seon ye etn ees ee oy meng ‘hee ial age wane nro Sed Ta overs ur en equ seer cd Cher $n smi fo ope ey He 9 along dey aye reper ples, eccnere cb PROBLEMS 151 A tten pear mat oe pie sh eg ne one ne ete men ee {SS Se ge 0 on a pe 152 Ins oh man, et mo eb tr pra ae enc <08 Kran iow hae 0 Ctr Singh di ae 1 Ea a or beh cee 154 fen tm, permet ee me, ye a {lta pncogoe nas ae oust ence te outa se esa yc 800 pep = Sent RO ‘EStlicactemi ge acs rns Ampere aoe 155 Sie ye. 838 15.9 ei wer REFERENCES, A. nen. Kia a it Mai A, Mr Ma ER es Opa Cc “Se Co Be 5 i Costa Tra bs Pemne Magne Me Se nm cnay Ca DC et Do be erga Ray. Sarr Fn Ch, ye ek Gotz ed Maer Ceo a eoPART 5 OTHER APPLICATIONSCHAPTER 16 RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 16-1 INTRODUCTION‘Grime cchl pon bu snr etees dow, shown a Py erg ‘The mp andi lias chaste ig 16 ko an. The et [secon a he tw ares pr pig pt SEES icone a tn laa Fe hea ha Eereiisaisee ca ae pein Sects a har gi nt Seeing is sn cn coe ul spam vl Ee ‘te pinieyahe seedy tara wanting provide healt inate hee ocitennay soet vi cogitawenane Se EURSES Winrar mame ICHLMEQLENCY FLLORESCENT LIGHTING ning ams spony 195 of nes nen als nd 30 in “oy sng ih a 3 He. ret pene ms heme Th ees at c sn iepinetnercaayse =sind en sigh impinge an gel ap. Tee sat, ‘ce psn np hs a ee ‘Th ege pean scent wich es aang 8 Ten eso commiting itn in oe crc ro Tei ny den fl ve emp [en et ul rs one oft Te ck agama 8 Nh fs) cern at hows a p16 coms dence ‘idund in Chap nda dig eens te. Ten fo WNovtepans scene! noweofstea mye reanpe cin mat {are ace Chop 9 as ed poe sane Vlnge ‘Snes py a susan camer crap al ee ‘Sopa cada in Cher bt athe son sed Be pt ‘Sug supe AnEM he's edb ec meus mrp oid EMI atin tu poe cx pope ce ren als ot ae ‘ety spe ef conse spo! Moris snd hee he coe ball ‘pert power cr: The pole soca canbe tome fae ‘Ser oe sang cu dees Cape Saag en an he ta ‘ntti si bls A ang ntl exec el ‘SoCo Seah sang nett wpa ny siege tbe sec hn uments cote] T J ecm tg iow ck ap 169 serene gin Yor hrm fceny hse Be ied yee Speers eng mae le ace Seige cto once ict vdicne INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS, Indi spins ch incon ing ah wedge cide me te cots ca he rece ws tNoUe indo ein. he a ne del cnding wep roc by Seti rent ym aan ey 9 = test say rh the et se tice the petit at ih eet SSA ei eran de ey oer ‘nowy en they pny mye rant me ‘fit ip Hah fog, op 8 nee wd csi The mtn on tne sed enon ln be mpd yasini in tne ym oe ee Saat ems ome Ietrrmctaget nto 2c eee ig em ee aes ats tc a Ries hao 2 Cre soe paiement, seni 67 ‘The ete sere sere vn eer cefwsion ig 167a ima o ae chat ec cc et Teed th 0 oe int gi eed on 44 voltage and the outpl i » square-wave voltage at the desired frequency. W the ‘wa suitably lowe volage. Then, its convened oa colle de by means of one af the ‘reg tenn be a ogee cw Sinema oot Re ev noo sagan tem ete» Mog wy ia Sean Fethees Ptenereae Sra coe Steneamne pen enn tse ten Booked aust pelea oa ‘aoa eu sie cet opener a core oop be {toe sei The tor open ne ng a E-=1=— aac ‘Sioone esr bruni Se Sars gee eee eww nwccnenen {Si pur oer oe a ap se diel np in cost aan Sadat htop ean speaahine Siewert ee ‘Stein Sok sca rae fe be ee Saeed a end oe hey ee Seana Cape 1 Ont etc cits nap a Wed 248 Py Le = = ; i teu oe a caCHAPTER 17 ELECTRIC UTILITY APPLICATIONS 17-1 INTRODUCTION‘Ts Fer ani stows hat Be tins canes ans = IOC 1 (ote = an eg any sng pe cpt cmp wih 3 phe uo eh SRMSSTNE. 1 ers ltpae cone nou pope at Ione oer nd eles hur eh Coen lhe aa Te (ete desi hte waters md flr pe comer ae stosnnig 136 Tse to wags oncom se by Huh ope ch (ther Sethe oe pin come se comedn sre on ee ea Soh a= a ts [2 ape os eum Feet le Tb ‘rhe age aman thee in ee f= 1 = eines ws, snd wlth aman owes oer. Magi edie alge ‘mens ase th Sey a Tepe Lt tml bu fe aap dans of eam “Te gro dr tenn he ee races ens pee nascar nde on se oie te wo pacer per de ‘eel eto Howee ham mogies ped nim on ey ‘Scandal Teefot oh co eta aon a (SEencdin Capers aed nh devon apr 6 he erg evoke an writen wav, we Vy te ies ine ms olage pd ah he pe eee BSc nistnsofstric oman ett session cers > ogi a inane 2 REACTIVE POWER DRAWN BY CONVERTERS Assan en loam oeescee itn pw corm hn de sve row he a ym ee ‘ph hae cons sed ht ore eta eons (te tanec eure congener caren sha te {Seo sre ep abe cdo re oe peter eee Seem sea Tee Se ay ees ote ett be 17221. Reser Ma of Operon Win asurypion at, = 3812 Fe. 7 shm he pe seaa olage va anh caret onegning corer 3) wath) = gata angle Th ena gun caret cnet) hehe ia ion espimepne e ete pin ae pont he pi nh Spi ene ‘Sethe ph ots oh = V3 tutes na opti ie ent win A ot rion) genet Therefore, from Eg. 17-8 and 17-9 “me ” “val Son e fers es crn teen ot en hl id ‘Seite de waist To mine and tig ta, essen mnt 70m 170 esl che sola fray te es etait na emo oa Renna ‘These coments eevee shh EF a Se ee ep en mpi hs mie ey me a erm tae, er Ana whe ston at = sg 17s aes ren incase coe ey Sere rept aeha ohagaeae; allq)ie ll and) a i 6g in icon otc te come itn te ete omg of tein ume bese he Coe sph en a ely ee ‘Scan iin son heyy me. Ane ane nemeliponrincueterapocagcomdoetrncterme, |! RSE Pe gece ee tere src eed ope ooyingnge aos aed Pera Nc ey anesthe ene met Tips hoesinpenle nd lo iru tings nl re ret ec on esa coer pede ngs Mos ay ‘Toe primey ee pe ie scones se te inert cm sly of dan ny ign ih a0 wa» : 1. Thy cnaes nd TC) : “Stiny he Sheps bn 0" ae nen 7a 2 Ty sie capi CSC) ‘Thearangect 0-90 hen vt aa ei en : 3. Satcing coven ih ho ery rage mens aE Ayn antares of 2 TC with TSC minimies eat nes, organ ao 2 an 5 pet ay. Cay a eno ONTROLLED INDUCTORS saya, sine , os yi wh he ice pis ten way "easy Te em my ree ier cee acne ae ‘eee em ms Tae emp Ye ‘ey Foals ele 7.8) . crohns il Tho eke by cing Be er de t= Zoee- mtn) fesese any‘eo pig ece per ew by he pepe TC a he eae moe = hia = way “he nbc care nx psi wave > an bse by sect nc dA Fost mate he act cae wo ‘ines a feed Tee he ice a eh ‘sermons it steep scam ep TI at these mont ces ep eco ad ote te The ‘epee tn Sns cen Son 173-23 be sha sttnnRones we tet Ser ed Te se ed) oe epee ae Sry Ep Ta ir2 TINMISTOR SWITeHED cuPAcrTORS Fr 1-10shs bt arisen we ee ie fom cg Latte, issn ‘einer rece ene cat nh an he soe at onpe tt sl hs comes ha ews oe congo a SGroicing een componente plese el eur) St ete ‘inte siglo gs) Ke od Cape we Vn ashes eae ni lt nly hice thf coca lap the pe volage For cson ms ay et ft 60mry Sis ny he ih ihn any ct ows ep Co eal pa ae MINNESOTA RECTIFIER ‘ogy eit ms ety insolent at ny poe ff e2iasfdacwsnta noes oan le gies de ei eb ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE. ease of id chines in ele ance win x ting ove, poser fae onc E's emma oe edt nent Te eng oe sped bye pn paca cot a ae oe israel ee of nape ger an nd oe foe Src rs a bn coe ea ‘ind i shan ig. coi fo cpr com eon ste ten mas andr cami pe The enim te ae ‘cavctge mend haven nro ese hn ne la the Cane ea iT coma nesses eager messed ‘vce vr nan pr shar Bo renal mn ‘Sn meme porn bm he nae se i es. Sty raph eas tre wi of mae. 18-1 GENERATION OF BM Swing warm sh hi wn a Fi 1834 fr cg a nee Shoune ceo Besos aft al al ie, hte ween contin “than neg et at nese rene mo ene RF pe ‘Seti ve nana eu “he mnt of te ta ese ag beat e ly wml dvaph Se nwt edo owner Moe ‘ea tg ny Goes aS ih cane ome meen gh "a cy aot ny map Si Tse expects et bee mec shee cera rn cas he mp 1822 EW styNDeNDS Tee at wats CISPR, TEC, VDE, FCC, ad lay snk he pect he ‘ton ao Se oie EMI Pe Ie tho te FO an VDE seas cia et al ome tal ee ‘Spf ced Ne pe San ero Sas 18.85 REDUCTION OF EME ovate Mt fog ea ev er gry aed wl center ee yn of Ss. Sg| | fe Are spac nang Ea pn ac a comener Cone cud Chaps 9 te atton ose ments ste ofl shad ‘eed ype meno, sg ict a ii ed ‘ile he ported cna fl ot mia AEP To tel ty cps, the es Seed tele siting ptt ut ne a om pm Foe pe ha ‘ee ret ore tn ya mc hc ot suuMARY ‘ep een pee ase ogo pone us, 2 Harmon ssn tne Fk hee ii 2. Ieper elctnc ume wit eg if perma eae ‘Sept une ase 5 Intl pae ad the ane ci, ids pve ow ne, ‘Senden hon cad nC esa ad ae [Re my yuem Te poe snl ky eens 3 Uy pom PROBLEMS SRG em a ee ee REFERENCES. © Pa wi Set “te rams ft Heron Cnn mE Poe Sytem" EEE) te Ga.PART 6 DEVICES SEMICONDUCTOR| Y CHAPTER 19 BASIC SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS 19-1 INTRODUCTION Inte pesos hp ths ns hl he seconde pone deve a eu et eeTf Far 13 Doping pa iia tac csi cy md i cco ee fs ei in Fi the ences ote sion tte) psn pedo Sa lees tow te mj carat ks emer ssn Be Satna The iy rl commeny won emit eis 10" eee ae tt ee wear hn ety abot 1" eine a ‘Tn he ace puis n umd wi ma a ra ch ‘Sua bnds okt tel ttn ae tty se ‘Sete erica Ths ent poe heal al ‘a cen doy oie ng td cd alin he ea ao ‘ered mt gu ws eb coseenaeta on ming opt ii 0 se Eases ah eomauoe enh aheaee md guts 182 at 13 cn eed Sanna ps a spy Inapoge meal inne ono 9 19 an 19am = aed mem a Sins eres can be dels seg np ate > m Ini ge eri tort cae est tpopralegue ee es Seriya. nd thn Sem ope ep Fas ne felon a ok ei ht chins xt the dp ‘Seta cen mane covle on he apg cay ps ‘sper he hry ua mnt ee ye Sea eae ertag ep ine a ae ee ae they re feecer oy of aap baie ex pp Spee ery aces esc hy oe as "arse gen by 0 ‘unig ha ee i een of ke cri Si hei nt wen ie ‘sein icin Win > 40 = ty pcos a ae ‘ees hese ie, ingran Ca mnyct eices emt cn cme co Nie 1 oo Se ‘cee sme enteral temper of device cesT le ‘eget sic ef we eis fe nya a eee hs BT, ua sn On Isp a ey aoe {romney Me aon een ne Pend he ae i dan Seco gt excel hc Hine eames eet hw a Av exes deme spas ahem ppm cl {510 ca lee mer mente Aap ott, Des ‘ipa and cen he iis Se Beas Ah lee cer eae he etn tgp ithe ein fe my Tis ene es cr ti il ece the ne oes some poe deer sph cot rt ha ie ane Inthe opersen oe ovis ny eer a ced pon pos Sots Laer sso eee sn rte ten ou Gn ets rat tc he isi arg aeons. coral et | etme coef et poping ee ec aa Gal ‘Spey mn deve tt a rt etn oT per epg Sot he Sern nes nate When ison ace fe gheeSaath deaeipttemner eee = rd i ty mr tr ee ‘een Sc ean Jan © en + aE van ‘The movement of aren yin will dices compet cre ety ee danni peer y SLRS any Seat room temper = 0.0264 na pias, eet tow il wly ‘ihe tomy in ng, acres os 19-8 pe JUNCTIONS ‘pinned ania aon yt co Eatliy Siting cep pation ints peso sol fr amp Te etn ee bo ng ae 8get of he een ed com ute, wi oe pion fg 18a 199 gent ere Pes tres map enn gimp tasty Streets meee Secrets sess och ef ‘BeNasemascne kent cay Secceaaeariet wlcrrser es Senne EnVaiu camera eo ania Sering wes e919 sd eigen fae 2 ny 1918 pg) = Me n= Ny nde al of fe sen eae Uo Tico pal nina wc nly wit one eae ed ‘ey etn rel con wig st print a stages nih Hib, =O 19942 FORWARD AND REVERSE BINS When ate age apie awe pad eps stowni 18, I apa eel ow he pce Shee ren De te age ese Apion net coop est mara. Hed pe eo Seperate st pt aos epee pat spe id ws he pe, ne Fg Teak had) be ypc nea oa et pot tre the gowns, Thymes Pease change onal ess huge nthe map! el nea of carpe ie efpcion Sine cg ety eal ny ey (cmon change sl cr fare on een ‘Sperm comune fre gel per emuander See ‘Uno is nis bes ncon enc 1b te otal ure hg ath eon ier paral i and aed Fig 6, wit 6 The wl esti cage 0 ep pe ean of Oe Sor mat i el oe ce ne eee shay ety cvs Seting E815 snl ith he male fy, 112 yl spie ‘ess fe nd, Comn te sep expen I ee ictal ep ncn peton yer ma ys ey = wy T= 7a 8 ‘se th petn tne wit aso BV he apd id vale (eeu anh eyes = ee osm Ho ae shee dee cont of moc 6 = 1. fr ean we So" Fe) Thee fd a amu he mar foto toasty 2, We 9m4 Ph tri wl pc hy Sel pene oV CHARGE CONTROL. DESCRIPTION OF _Pa-JUNCTION OPERATION fay cari difsng srs the jnctoe vanishighy al. Te ior lier Se siege ttt te ce enn le ‘Eiger a eon ep es Rls ete hg ‘tic dapamied ine eve sowa a Pp 9-2. Toten dp tte rane nt Tee wl he tn oe ae cay a rpm et svn ih econ ‘nine al eb Sen nea wah ne mony sar doy eg fe eon en rth a, 1910, i espana pnt easter A sin expen en 090). A 0 i, E1921 rats cast ‘Ses uy ye oem se slope sch yy sala0 195. Seem ete, ni opm ceamoncmgnm e let be mm coon of ee caret ef emg be ‘Siig enegeegced cena inp 10s gow wr cy ime eh agen thc ha a Fett tne tom he Son bate ox ep. They me npie (ecw cons th mio! me expt ye forties em Fyn ston ste mn camera tees! wet he Sel ‘Hic ale ote ee rn tm te i eee cn ut, ew 2 ‘ing hte ye etna ey be eg fn yd The eating xp 929 > eeu doe td in 1923 and 124 ees ini cae ei sce epee pf rity E1923 ad) HN {Se ed eran ea ny ner ey (0 1825) indy In24) Toate tae on vena exe ea ‘Si pear can isan ating eps ra. imo 103 gE 3 yl yon 1.2Sieglain Fi 192s the chan of be pion soa een an ee ge [SESS came opera cm ree pnd ee E11 ‘Ths pene sey athe ose nde pcos nO owas {Ton ent pnd eget co oer wage. The ie se 0 ‘Stein 10 aarheree age By cane ipetnaonond ete By 198 AVALANCHE BREAKDOWN “he pce ince! ei vg BY sown nF I ‘Chelan bedrest de neo el cua sa wy ty Oe roma Sesser cat bys nash eee ps! reid hon fob tei er an om re en a bn linge tin Th SESE SST Sma ose nbs ld ‘Senn’ prtielns ge namie ecto a hr rece sa te ase erga lq eso he eee vil eno “Loney fran aa Hl Eg eure’ wes Pp ‘cng te sg tpn eer Tae an ‘ee ems sl wns pie pra oat ‘Sheath ey aba hn Hy Sever ueeutioe tesa cane ht se sess at eel SEE. Scemesdty oe sce fede ert lion sl einen (Silesia of Ey npn aed fez f= aE lnc amie a at pag cn oe oes Tain on cme leo. type ena np thet pt bo et OD Ve Fay Th cine et scot tl lems ios ame egy ecto. Ab, Sean wi ea wie pe ine ees snc fot ema ery hee ncn sup hs ten Sone Hower he eve eve OS SUMS orden ce ote vaca nt reeng pees. Te ‘coc tbe sme pow opt ein sen a Fe {futon ye ag sun n perenne ee 4 IMPACT IONIZATION «25 19.52 BREAKDOWY VOLTAGE ESTIMATE “Themes vag ped ein ast epeon exo. er te ‘ots eager ec ne epee apc eae ‘Sowa inp nti eT eens Sar ape pine th ‘Sos aan aston med saint age BY SSE Senn og reg tony oid ine oe con ‘Saati eape of hips Semen Tako of tp cion Scere spn ure cme tly Sede woah uve Su fe compte pig poles ‘Sila smal shat Sing nn 118 8 By ane age2m sate aay SSAct i sautan nan na SUMMARY ‘auto thorn ben ve BV En be eteno 1 cre na ete cai yb ect nee in tf dt 48 hE 1 Get afta teat te Pe a ileal * Arava Sica te beac aaasar cee to SE a ae ees mtn eh PROBLEMS 1) Schnee tari em pi ih Se inCHAPTER 20 1 INTRODUCTION }2 BASIC STRUCTURE AND 7-1 CHARACTERISTICS POWER DIODES ‘mannan ob dsebe hry ral oie hs sn pele. eye ate ped ein won ape ese wanes ‘Senden ts rare asin a wl ary ad tynce in te Ges hy an rei he ec Sel esa ie om hn sa as of ava. Tepe oh i hs pps tt the el preteens aan Shs a "ttc nce ine tect, at 20-4 ON-STATE LOSSESe's ste ra cpt, Hon ns tne te te ees ned tered eur crs ome aco ae Bee See iy ow enn ‘te fore baned pn acon ny es noe ie Si een AL ow ton ince ip ne ol sqm lene mee err ee cir enn of Sa fea Sects ss nico ft ep in mn Pp mes Coconino Tide ditenoingh whe = yOvietsy id, per tin esi en ee en orn ota ep 8 ut eal ply 10ers al ply ae ‘hacen meh eel nen, The cot of be eo ths be eal eae ves non el, ‘econ ying chap hemline sch mie et Seti 24 eal 2012 ih Now a he age vey hi quo ie wie de a Sine ie a wie Bs SERS te Stoel ay eal i, To pat ‘lemma ey gogo ot 1 ce eee + ‘pis dare ease o Anger cami dct in Cage cE 186 Thelin enn cody ir mechani il te ea ps {teenie aay ae cure Sm ee ce ‘easy lnge Sed so he ume ceca my he ce? ‘ties bp deren nk ean accep, ig ares ropa om, sis thn Ey 3 ‘rer avy ech te ‘ec ie| wake er sine rein of he desde iime en by E16 in 2-19 is Imei of 2-1 eden mails i 2:1 a sing ( ‘Ae pach Yt a‘Thset ee cen tr Je she et ein og es tetas na sini Acceso Sees conutinstemagtere ez o mernenipe eer enermamudarens SSeS essa ss area gn ee alan hniosteu gy omunmea ve hla aanegeray mantennte ate uote in (ieapentece memos aaremeer Sica Sh ai eeenstrerasteeaee SESE e Bai Soencmencarant! ws ienemgpgeacoataaprecree ecermane Ista meuniere = oy Serre etn act nea Sonia tae eens eed Soe SE eer sco eens SESS ee ae tokeree as ERA eeeimaoees haecachnaeee danauetatemnrmenvoreeen on iam arenn ane eee Wace NgteMd oy it eI te nl don oh ig = Heel pn rahe ge = EE i= $B any as on fp pl eg eine Si Spot en ce [REFERENCES ee snare ss ee ee mee Ee TET — _ ==—serm ihemreecioten minim oe ue oo SU mise tore tr te PeSeecepecee ersten as Bx ES srs Ds Dorn pi Wie NYCHAPT 1 BIPOLAR JUNCTION “—< 2 TRANSISTORS oe 21-4 INTRODUCTION B= Ba * Bu * Bo ann se atc tah hn unis al et fc bee214 ‘EEStor ho sot a te emer net imi smi clr anes ape stanly led BY the et ‘ince cums e mm age etc ec ad emi! Bl be tls own tail Be eect er eksoen SSnk its nebo upes cou Tn le ge cen ed he mee {ata ing dt ny cy eal ee re “ge Bven ee ecmr-teteatown sae ene rte se © ncn sl st ap ow one epn e h Lp one de tas weoepnce pry tld is wtih histo, Te sigs seed ean een oh ane ‘Etloand wii cms eal ei che Bar cn ase ant foe tpn is he pn bed ua enn ce ome sr hace 215 Aveeno is 8 ‘Sips gust waist ft ity petal een nd Sof ssi Cocca Sar iocs te oer ‘Seta aho undo ane oie Seve PHYSICS OF BIT OPERATION 21-61 BASIC GAIN MECHANISM AND BETA se cnn the BF ie een nt gm i Laeehahinae tenuis gee be shegesoer meyer ‘Saran ooo mney cope denn ei of et ‘eh il bcm ni wo bet vote, oie st i IRs sora pemes te pi a coe oe ince vere BE neem con foward and i anita sree bed ecm! ontaeE e ieal es “inet tom bist ne pcs mir caer Seow 3 Two eae tyes cs ‘Sarthe BE mtn wilson enrol the sane Frjson etd Caper 19 Un theives pe cn oe ‘igre te cent mei epee BE ove ome D-E Frmtns ue wi meee ens ee ae ey Rie ts tema ream in in ete einer te he Eos iced ina has fa eee a ely se vie sci eed try Fe cece "pon le ate smal onpurd nh ecto ie gh or = Dara [Sth ts tye lay combine he So he mace ode mh er ae ho ected 2, ‘pai on ig rey Ser ch oi) eur ht omy een wtb ion ewray tha Infip 2-6 tem high ec fis in sane Set C28 jute ey Mie tag eheors tee te pce cag rp ao ee ‘ete oc pen The pe iy of ced ccm BE ton ‘Shey eo er ons thelr he wh ye ai sb, 21. Th eyscat facie een pa cn en ep ee Botacieu'guiacato wae Uiyos squat amen Ct escrow waar oe ‘Seems Setar ape Sho sin te le toon een Senay: 0 ‘Sree kein ra er Tae te wns an lnc ae nee SSaCotpelt miata tcp ete es ete ey Spe ce rote foo eco een ec ustion iets age ee 8 pce ‘That ones cre comp ce ee ane ra C8 Seittim tpes eats tree Scan pe esp Tete Gera emf in eens em fo el ens acorn gn andthe se caret sen eg ca be xr rm of se ite caret nr tn ae, en eh in 24 ee ‘arte ste idiot fae al E1923). oy — Eiiaeirec yee Racers wublichmrs couse pete Bsa cea ce Se ae mincerganas elon aan rae tA SSeS ceaescsacere Sipeceataitgin renee ce Ceaseeeremee revere 217. commences cuenta | Ain ope teases an ent eve Heiner son tener [itor eel the ane toa ain of ede ‘so cco nen mya aye ttc cae tbe monte png Sy. Fe xa ne BT Capa af P21 Nie econ be mould cr ees te eet et iy oes si 1G When econ dey ge lae ees note nie ‘Sect mot ao ec i eal oy oy roc ie phen. Th een mh or > Ercan cloning sxe mecha ht aes mn ea, Con ‘nt tc ie ow pate noen, smug T's nthe sie ‘ean of he evi geet 1 el vole dopa be or, inden fg, hich casey er Sow be ce Ti Sh ege p sti ome ery sp BE wala al hs mes see pai te BE pone int eu py Be ‘tayo iw te he ncn al he mite Se eth eal coped ‘Ste came eny be sen thee Te cece Cer ian a et of ihe rtd een tn sl at ‘Wigner came thf he oe yee spa one ie te hse eA need rer, modem ones Bs eee pad 21-b2 QUISLSATURATION Townend eprom mtr, eo nes eel of BST Sim pera seep en ni 19 Roeston so i 9” tion a mich es keane ae mach te mil sp of eee pct (ae ens td on te {alr "Teed nb peep ud et Pe [eee es psy ee se lage ae be Soe Sips he aos ge pon 3 ‘Sects a hn eens he eh fe ‘Sopot no dune Spumante charcries et F213. Te (jataumion ean ege compl Sted high ne ‘jae chron ste he eee cry ter Bake UU oy sunt imttede te fgwe, nai cote ec ae thats ppt uml enol bs ce go a ‘ein Sool edhe cha ted oon Fa 218, ee ‘hema eer no ssn sages cost ep ha. ‘esis ven E2016 rons pwe dt mau compares SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS 215-4 RIT TURN-ON {low ar nc use fea ow, ce me be 3c bse an mse ese tat, Samer ote ue Idol beeen conn whe doce nt enn eet ‘ewer can ces ea thar owt Seve nt To ae ce thcachw a car pnt, we sal oe ha he BT eed ‘Seclumpe cts Fig 310 a aren he ees Hee (Coen a sats ct nia ins he ei et ‘maained nthe BIT Wore ath ce The cent gam ce ac te Sti ann fi sete bee. ory be se ce ‘revi ope med a npr de oma sinh 3 reer cnaan Te ae inn card Blo at al ncn omens Dai stl ay ‘te conn fw ny BE wage Sage "Ae th yee the BE tn eat DS! e gow of se ne Pl 211 a se ore a Senate arate ue angie sa i tt ote sng to scnp nea caren pe) Ae ‘Reon sponte ieee be te it ‘agus stann Hida emecs wnt suecaries he compe ete 21.11 Grothe hel han essep se te a eon, wh ceca fer eine el med te ‘ethog nav The sed wes nel , nF 2 rps te ed hee a ot ube ante pe had aro, Toe ae lds TE Fn sce ted ei ep a 215-2 TRANSISTOR TURN.OFF Tumi he tne eg fe serch inte. Tt ou wold ty tech ang tb cree an cong ‘Stal stone pose tan eee ae. is ‘eal too pc pes he se cures ren mega ‘Shp geen yc seep pcenes The ps ned ‘Zovattaseta caren elaer sb fac fon oo le ‘ies Comat pa) chngdioneyne Sa a wind Fg 2118 Te rare tt eed sg ie i cli et remy hoe ae ithe Shem red che Oy tr i 219) ‘Sooed Are nanan ees terete eps oe sae ewe 2 oe ih nie Sttior sae. When he te ag abut ein ey whe Enea i a tami ee Sor van: win much epee tls ce ce hres oP Iteipe cre eptans eos CD acne we fp sere ‘ue sb ds hy ee aed ea ‘nove fm eons td he les caret come Te BF ec Tan eS ayes se a a “The wave sown in ag 213. selon hfe ume: king + = . Sele BREAKDOWN VOLTAGES When te BIT ee Sing se CB uncon mst ida he pid sel 4B he tne ae ce 9a at Indigo win psd voi bedi ieee ‘ng sere be non ech De oF Iie rh pene wl e pont onesie se re thee mfr A ec oS ge ao ey pee ‘Stisstai osm be ihe een ete ma is ‘clage wou hey wey Keg ih wo ante ese oe The {So hin mest epost apie hes of an eed. TAS at eas th iinet a ye C- pon ec be {© shown og 21-5 Ue emo ar sia nce by oe C= Septet matter shi eesti te Cf in iy ech ‘ops te execs mem of crn ne mite eb spp BI) wi {eae fm eee nen eae ec ells he pon er {Tsao upc ws edt eo se ee ae ower gato. To nod hap, eas hes mat age ee ome beget dep er emrencmat at pm et te ‘mou aa eth Le soracmen small Te keh et tage se el go {en moive ean nd comune bet i aro 10 "heen Secon 33, ith cmmm emi cnn te eskdoen sotige Ben amr dn Beg Th eee loa eee ‘esto pine wish pee Pv = BYE 16 Se Fe beh riue re ii wire oc 1a he inc tisermnes agen Benner cin [incon Ths exces are lee) nee te eee creme ey Inte commen emer satpro) lhe C= ncn oe the evan ene Teg aon wee ene pen ey eg ale eg ‘pred wah fg mea at me canoe aig he CB pre po {ny en vale of vue, Cnet, tp! oa mB agin ‘esenman ce me com helt es A ot SECOND BREAKDOWN Bite ncn rasa se Spe oe of ws sce ‘scr sine Asc uy Septet spat cee ‘tot core nfs ae epee apes Wt eae it ‘Sexo prey gra he BI he espe or any eed ‘ere ce vom fe eat ote hy eu pe Se{hese go oy eh omy es aoe ‘emote we snooty oe hw unas een he aan poet (Scipwin ad stunt han rm me nd on versed so An en e's! Ts ene at ge ‘Sonpans tc thio, sheet no ch Sup ceed ake be ‘See ric spe er combie ghee BIT py 0 specter my omc ce npr nae Mito ei eis ts npn ee tical of asi (Oe sine) Gos ete ens case Be ‘Scryer dont at pct he nite rey wh ‘Seu yom th pete el 99), mes he poet ‘Stun wince a ed ae age as coms. Wat of ste pment tegen pene a ar ts ‘cope fat meen secs pete, aed oy 4 SS inc en me nw at poe ia {th The on cms ete of ef nw te foes “pt pacilfr bem imey i me mach re dager he cet ‘Se he cave dey lye neu es) eed [eae heal rmay comes ey Cnr be stusttn Hsae Fi LT ae ie dey J eon Asse oe ee han he oy Js Ths power pat omy wegen an ch ‘itee'o on scene epee Ty compre Ts a i ao Reena pede eevee ri rien eeettsiaga tie eiekea amie Se ent rel ey ey. Te fem fhe ce ani al gin id ral ey tsutesot assur neces eat eat yet eo Fate dey ne are ment mn ies ase dp he ea ape {Sie dence ie el esse nee we deve pec, RS ee oe ene ar an ana ee one orm atom enero ee ace hens ta ian me See ape SSS aaiSeescine ere ate ane Separate Se ee SS tama an mnt Se ae ‘Seoul ee cine ihe meno wee he pry af ee eae ina hw of of hg foe ce ig te cv say sch eae an ewig Sa a he sono be ‘cig ty iin esl pein mes SO) bade» Sp 1 be Semel soy ON-STATE LOSSES, ‘ected nei ae ‘nie cremtance the power Gasp sven by (ignofing be caren: es) ‘Seen neal vege asin er itr emt 6 Vena Te ote tis dome gs nae haa he a st ‘Sime aa jowertssh show nF 218 Aang we ber mle ena = Vana ~ Vass * Hale $B) ap he ges Ys Van ee ge ar ce owed Bue mde tcions epcncy Me oan tomcat 91-02 ‘eects we int ie ome ahr Te Bunon isch ern rr uh BE nt a ep ss chow {SEC pwn comune BE con. Ts ge ens eae ‘npn of olen cure368 cman 24 men TIN TRUSTS Hp 21.2 Te ts pe I Ri etn in ty era nt of i tet of ese py ee ef gran sb nnd beara Tes pet say Geman riya of ie FUSOA exp 2 sda ne Rae Cy eng. ep he SOA ee remeron sts any i tes ‘econ wt esate FISON ceil oe ig ed seirin.m an eSO4 npc wr eg ek Sieeiag eugene mene ane Sins Se fb se inn els, fe RESOK sows Fe, 2129 cnr Tee cope byte ROA wa et ls Sa we ge sORane of eceemsne eiteperveer dey eter foc oni fe clea cae a eee coe ‘ibe tnt wit Se Keon net wrod Be es edicts, & stuMany ‘icc hs expe te ea pein aac f YT inten sr swacmale pions The impett ecne he ow |The power UT ely xo re wih igh ied BE ‘Screed else Si ah. 4. Tea tamale tony Oe ni ent fem tr ntrenpn Te cer ation ef Boe ca sa Be 4 Pon: BIT ew en pi, ges ne edo aig tin, rhe dc si Dep wo, wc be 5. Lan ces flow te he gf i IT perme ‘Sts as pick ead oct erent owing. hhh ‘Shr dues nc pa We ean ctowding cee, on! ea 4: Heyy minh enon mii ‘Sor hema the des othe IT eter sts oe Sten nes a ‘pune tu une eo ang xe ech be IT ‘ich neal atin exces hon od eso pepe ain” 5: The SOkr ofthe BIT ime snl ead The RBSOA aly 9. Anse pi er nin ty eat 213 Pg iene fe 0 bp pp SES ass eased ie ana Seeker sivas nbn Gory esis em tim eden ie ath = 6 St inn teenie (9 Er i pri tg ey 214 Th mr co Pe 1.3 en 2 a ery ‘Tee wi esac ao pes 27 ca ene Fons oa aoa ya pon pen an{Sgro ae gioel tjane son cae i ae “he = aD anise ~ ™ Sahai aise as Sareea TS Satiencnen Ss 119g ie ari nity ee ne Sect tata tg aa ae 28 A hed ie ith sw 0 Fu eu epg et SSeS ce tre te Tree a Set bt ts er nse sce supe cpacune. Cg 0 the eure deseriedn pte 71-6 Resumes ase Snares 200 Roshan antag tat reo ec SIE nriiecneaeees were Say eee REFERENCES, 1 RN tee Pao Po Aen. Yeh 4G Pho an Tc fSentn Dei Wi & So New 5. XE Sn csi. anaes Crt Rh Pe ra es Des tenn P th RCW Wt, Power Eimer Dente Deron agp. be Wik & em, 9 Sing nt Che i) Pn as De Dan yas tn MUS RMR 9 Gov. 8 doa Ban RA Ko, “Te Eta Poe CHAPTER 22 POWER MOSFETs 22-4 INTRODUCTION Meal-ons-tensndr Hl tt main (MOSFET) wh ppc o- ‘tec coe carn ply md ating vlag py hp silo ce apr yn sent i ey ‘eminently tone wre Nah eho gs ingore MOSFET ‘ne oie yl mer a IT sae nding of se ‘Moons escort ete vston sw Bs sn MOSER Tak ‘Sipe cme ce ysl mechs pve te opto MOSFET ihe a lin crea alg is he MOSFET, ays 22-2 BASIC STRUCTURE, ‘A poner MOSPET hs the vot avn fine sce fae pe Epp tanse amen np it aters ape clo he many miedo Scegatesve To prt seem acer ode han ‘MOSFET or eas Sa wl boon ara sh) A act hope Sep eens as son phen! MORE Teh icine gay oni “ [rane eee nce tana ply pes em The ne ‘ihe aa peat pe OPO em a gen Ea Sha ny i arc to ere Soa) ser pacino t-te tn a yp 1S ot we vege re te dc ad woe. Tie can Pe of ‘iy Sens Se bay eg he ute ee ue ed ews boi bya nr fino hie oy ere he ue a pay ‘Seu ig A gn tet wach ey el nae, ene he 99 Bir opin Howes a og tat bases ue se wth ipod une vil cnc ean acne poe ep Incr che, cng hme fhe in ad sow ew fp (Sco Te isso epee if ea apa =| | | | 23 at 4 a oo Stearman seme seh aie mereene sere e Sorteeneioenmemearnerates ‘Stier he Gn st of e MOMFET,oee y 21 Ts impute aren acacia earn Seerenies se octet ee seat ey nanan erga Satine eae oe ees Bieter iinet eaten Eeiaetei oer maneermcaae Reetioatracouees SU Hae ES an mses neha Ei Areas nats Grn Bk eeeeeeemte minterbonseeacome ts reat te Eoin rear ire eee aoe ae eo ee eS TF caaRACTERISTICS ‘ee MOSFET, te te BT, ia ee inl deve we he ap, en be {eof te MOSFET, coal te Bw of caret Bouter theo ema ‘ot tei Tc mds ly tn nt ‘lab oe wth steer volge ia « parame we shown in Fig 2-4 for ‘Dirtarad MOSFET Tsp Sesser pce! Sve ee sae ‘pint be coe dag reseed ote as ore gehen ne i ‘Mpowerclsmne pices, be MOSFET mdash col he ow potted natn augur the wage be I ee pee UHEMOSFE wave py carcino ugh te a pee The MORPET wc in ose rege hn Orel sot Von sb gly ew ss non ower MOSFET Th eat Spent mash ort vas pt ci Te at ‘Nise en ge BVgg ho 8 Pi 2 eae a be ‘pace ong ne msn a he Se ‘Wiehe ee deny ee eo ats neni bec spon hh eon et fs ig wh Oa ‘shes spied to BITS but another when pid fo MOSPETS) whee the dan-sourea er” Maen > 059 an late seein ed cae inp of te ra-—sc angand henson pester Tecan mee obese ‘Spor Nt illom spon ee gen woes aos to es {nie set pte cents nn sen IT, Sl con ey ‘pest wane pe rn oem ge so nhs cont dees om device roy. te ayes te {rep and anise tae ty” Ves = tb 20D eos om ky as) ch comes ay feng te dy ren 8 ex, ie Peat ‘he retonp egw yf 222 fone evombty ely hile! NOSE Homes tne rt MORE ee se Sree a pn ce i hel PHYSICS OF DEVICE OPERATION 22:41 INVERSION LAYERS AND THE FIELD ExTECT eect arene erent Sraeceetetatar aapestmerae ae eeTiuigtete onstage Seam Sees eae Eom cpeablgr nar cma Soe Bienen natearo ens Set reeoe nega eintcgenimm ee cmos ruse eters Seo eae Seecegne tarwrlewrreree aaares Seaceatratt rte Senge Sat int ocwaevmeerm maeranrags ves BK OER TE inPe. sk pote. ‘sation dre: The owt is Goon ithaper Are lagen nant dc hada es mace feces nt sso at gee eScie i ted nc sis eon eg. The ek ‘ete of hepa sxe ea 0) Ay The Sea oka one nin aes sw nt 2.62 GATE OONTHOL OF DRAIN CERRENE FLOW ints sree the Vena in oe cn ye rin ‘rats nmi ened a gery lo sgt nese Se nes DESK ENOTES T9 ches wala anon Baca iy ta dence say et mad ‘itn prot em eI ly emde hee ie a= Yas wipe eae Voge enn lene ape e rtSeamer ae eer sls he ia carats Se veg ‘aml re ey Schothoteneseeersesiene sane Eee aetaneeeantveeneraes Seniesa wiaioeeeepecomnes cehoeninaeuteneasmeremrss Seipereteeesceercese sii Sct eracterimesseese es ‘nce in Vg wl nese te elev el ine aon pet ofthe camel sok Bon gleccieceieerenicas SSEEporae So emreoy ste nates faa ras ay coi, 8 indeed Be hrc Ie er ie cr «nei en reels tert ee eee cmc Seen eey | as 25 i Dg te nein er may-caner milty he her ce e (ete wT eat ose ee pian ens ‘St tacnian MOSFETs arnt appeeale pa, Een ‘ete enh Wb mtn me gh est owe MOSFET ‘kop foe minum conse win ak voap ree ‘Ste he one hoes tpral cant egies oe ches he WE ‘a ropa Wr pee ln hve ing ay an al oe ‘pommel Fig 201 Tee pasa ito sts Feryen! dame nm oe enh Beige ein mien ee tr i ‘Reagents cat enya my 25 ts te ont tenes tet ard Sve ste ss fia he cn ser ‘nc hl wot cngeend i Fi 25a tenne ope ves WY Jecene the fe eearn dest im he camel Att eared mobil ‘Stone bvme of wh ete uur army 3, SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OSFET any ra vis cine ey em et SGOT enna Si en pcs uc oan. meen megan ee’ oo Se ne Hoshi pS chiecntegeds ‘rivers However oul be soared when deugag sutten. er exam [Cher ss ni cbr ata eons th Eyilees ced Tt Ct tv a el nr eth ott ostipg el fat" ag eerbesar nee elms ip si se me ma "he MOSFET Sete obi pe ei ee a ~ Fe inguin po plein ey Boge ee nena we ‘Sanam Tar eo Shi stad aero ices ‘penn ae mae i bag ac ein er ean pnd beset oe rete ly tis neal Tien pe eyTS dof ‘pi esos wh te ry nm a ip he Si Si at ceri dite en ie Nee ie capcaces Cy 2 yao cot at ay wh te alge sco thn tne he enn ici | Sng yap oh ck agua hg ose ge Se ie aso hi me. 0 ‘Bech ee, The case oan wl ean fe oa 2252 SWITUHING WAVEFORMS ‘mo a of MOSFET cin pd cet Pee ith de ys shonin Pig 2210 The MOSEE pie Fi 210 br cne gona ir Tears Sy eae, och ‘esses Ry. To hep expat simple we au hl ee eving es Fp ao ea wna sso evenerecne Soren nan nt ee ET, ee ee die nt Dante tr ely tne th mas al ge am oe Figs 2-10 MOSFET und wan ae gedse fh caren owing oa oes a osbe OSPET oie la cat at al i he ie en Seem ac wsrcune aig Heaeeo my ee ae (Rec aay ~ Ya ig iva i =) The dace ing ms ioe dit nla an Tet oe val sods ove gh she en ab yt Coy Te eed calc ‘lbimlancny ep uta dena wt te Sn ‘howe inthe motor of Pe 2 iron ee nd ee ym aonS86 tunis poeeR wars I SSE cen eos toms) MOSFET tron smn ‘hilt pin ttn ee yy th ey en in ine coe ee tht cad gn Te ee til a en cn ‘Excicline moms hown'a F221 fraud ay ange Bt ‘SSinaea's bonaVocwrs Tew onsets ae oy ee eos OPERATING LIMITATIONS AND SAFE OPERATING AREAS eer ier Soft ao er naire aero Wen Tk Soe chem thelr ere ean ep xe es er ae of dee’ Ne have sae Snorhviaerueusenencaaesee a aie cree een ent onc Sensei a seeuemenes sod ny re tars le eet a Tepes meemttenepanceons aie aetmarer ores pete peeps etter SEAS A te ge ae 9 ee ee eee Scifpeeeeeduanioyattnattaripteeneaate site! eee ee een Mab ptsen teeth tetneaatt ‘nigh ead a seo of BV py if oper comectine sep ar ot en. The extension ett tedinectycat Segura et nei enemras Socnccoe nes See eee ct i ie ec ey lof ee dn MOSFET ‘amar pus dn on sa oe MOSFET en ‘Teste estan hs ea cononey eed in Fig 2215. Aloe eatdowe ozge a feu hed ono lt es ue compen ovr eo cal he a esas ince ie ama ae ve ol@omae . lesa UES EEE sopping oe vies pn ‘for deaie eine posi ew wane mbar gery Been ‘te ae euteaon oe dat eo ne t eo ie aie ‘ever the poe ay pene. Tas onan te malo he pe ‘ousebaneahace he cola ofS eg ae mats eo bth Se ec aly a wt a ee ‘zc ate hh rane eo a Cee ne {SibeSvatdneauge WOSTET he ngucan pes tat har en nok ‘tinge ne in ve age MOSPEY sae ye at ‘Sept peti yt ce ne MOSFETs an ae over odo os ‘Ban Bear tesvn ag nas lw fo ne vo ress, ae fl yc pasos Dar well ays eae ‘cm nt ene cmpones ee Ys eb let Sew reaet eS 0 hese fee ne ‘age tpl nt wae cmt chp es own, Fe Bg pr ht eu oe he it hee sae Ry oninge th onsets. Ax Semen of he cher (item oe dit son rs hat of hesren vag rg cf sd tng 330 Tee Reh = 310-7 ay en we A the ces ae eh ie hed cen ons epee ‘eats moe cnt Seale nee epee aly Bz" Beco esp perce oc he teks tage og MOSHE: wil ve Ker sna Ise per Hesig vagy spa ar he nse reine ce ignicaty wih mening cn emer ‘non ns tes mc Sn il ene cap bmn cosh of ie me were wus Gta fe a fume he ngecanes map or loss prin ev a oe (ce cme eh ae storm gers son te ‘Se Try ppl ery pope mbes tine nant ph ery pope he ac 22.63 PARALLELING OF MOSFETS MOST ct ed oy eu en Fi 216 ee ‘opr. pay exces ht of Ty thn Sing ho 7 wl ae ‘iperstent anthsge pe is om sith ane og pe ‘Sonnanstine ane nta0 ; st i a te ne Tein ‘ee eit cpt pinch op! ‘Sig vihng ye agin eal een ing cig Hew See gent Sn ot nr an ‘in te paw Gnomes co at teed gary i “Senn ay nade tig MOSFET. at ee sl eet PARASITIC TT yeaa egre aa etre ees Bos mesien wickets Seta epee paca ae reap eben omy apeigiicnnmentratinean tiene ath Se ged eermmcte ate ee Eee ctiaes aca rae Euptsuesds Seapetare emia frghoes th eps raee eae Seale a pt wm et ne edamame cad 1 one ap hn ce nrg he ow dct ex he Ridongh be ody-nare tn gue ete i pve BIT ne 2 Sita he NOSE. The bs opr BT ced ny ey ayesha a ee MOSPET, Spent ent ‘hone en act ni To i I hg cag ‘ado ssl pte pie mitered tebe aed ‘nite eahows B22 ao Bs Ths pm esce et fren distin mre ft ne fin segs he a eae fe Schaap ts wwf on n oe on at ey gh vice eigen aed hs Bees aly he {oma ron cn ely hemotilysoing Uo tn nf Goes wg ins scr an Rs sf alae Ths ceed rice mo hl penn ig ssi cha hon in Fig 2 eth emer emda hae ct ep ‘imc peony heen Se Wend oh ‘ie gn et T-mcagtebaeuetArhe Salng e ‘Tr istamedon ane epi o Fok ene say de ee ‘Eon an es Cot There cy pet ‘combination of this placement cure pus the evese-secoery cre my be a sitet he ec Tso Se ae BFC et ge en we he ge bere pone md ge fos hy as ‘let es dine oa of oe ily a eS ow i i 22.4 ne (MOSFET. as indcmed inte higie Te Dy aes even any cre owing ough the psc dwn the MOSPET ete bad sal ef he seat eto amherst af sa sd SGV rs heen, ee ‘BV to hn about 20 Ve ow sae ute th veneer cae th Siuewostciertec een at one 2465. SAFE OPERATING ARES ‘eS tap MOSFET hati 1. Tenn ei SOA See gmc ye er ean Se ve, ry a ‘2p tote ane esrShe tatop of MOSEET me ey oar be et PROBLEM Pat oe Vanes Ves DA Ney = 78s Cy HO pC TSOP 1) mae eer ip tng gy 391 225 The tg i of MOSFET We ogy = ¥en ‘stdin hd saat ip pone Sees Vachs ane stonae sar eet igen ‘SRA Gat eine wen a ur eg mee ott sen 5 he = tad = DV) messing hn 225 Tne MSPS nh oo? int Aba ey HEINE Kemer s ens s SOET co poe ST Suis een oat Sh anes aa Sey SEN aiaSnaae ee 1 Bab EG 228) 0h = ae comes neut Vong eset ci i tite ps CSS eae rage oes 3 te meaty wh Since Te ait a 20 fhe wpucoms mt emia 2g to tien of Sry atn Bete ee peer er a os ee Setiom aes oracle home Spopnieentaeemtioaean: Spomeereeesie anne: connec Lie REFERENCES: 1 pte tc ow i ta te 2 ERS eran tra mca 4 REA wane, Per Bcc, rie, ant Apis, Wiley, New Yn 2 EES San navn ra Ee coc eaerentermarnee Sey each Bar arCHAPTER 23 THYRISTORS 23-1 INTRODUCTION ‘Tis tins me SCR, ming emir nel ee) ae (oo a oa (957 Goma Eos Resear Ltt) te we ree dence ete be pert psy Tey hve ae Tepe cnn au shy sh he ame yet ‘seam asm ey epi cio ae ‘Spm perenne Sse so power oie (Scr ete te weg Kae See dens 25.2 BASIC STRUCTURE, stare wend a el apoio pin dees he of cise we i ey ee a ae PEE Me tanned ne ech rt pene yee et a he ue ance of stn ner ey een ne ae saan cee del ge ef nee, adn ie whet il, e a Theeae nd aa so vont yo sea era eT acai {Ste entree BF so he vine gu nani tie ve of [at Ther gi of yee ste eon ref he jcion Dks ‘edn inl eo man ep non sl of rir ee fe yar sti swede BI. Te ede ger ss be hve hres oe J sane yo i pee Ba LF CHARACTEISTICS Te wee fe yt scp a hte se ent nao sa is se ni 2 ‘Soking voiage ered Vy (eves ith vals of Vy ea 7000 Vat ‘ali othe wa in str sw ter ma op ‘tare em ery ane nde aaron eege 28. Caesar hin ‘on he Hs cunt The ow cet, lng reine wad cig Ste tie ee iw tage phere ae hee ste, Bah fest ‘ier oe incl on ter cust Ine nate sp power tit ‘Nc neg cur sage 300-300 Awaba se ap 2 Scie vote ad cet a in te owes qf he har tes i met the eral pet cae Se Th ng ae (eres minum sue aa Bow gh ior a al ase oS mec osm Th cunet ae ao be camping age to te ‘oie med lig mage Vp, met he ween exesn of ‘ites pre fer chante re owed Sek te, ues (Soe he aren alge Vay omens med ere age ‘herr re eg otaw pe ae pon a “The beshover wag an eure we dfn fo eo gate caret tht is ie gate ‘genial sp a tn, en ein “asin ig, 232 As indeed gue, be ose wl sich be O Se Nectar aie ete Nuh nae oe scot vig ioe Sao Ty toch yee {iy ena cunt eben cb of we aps Be evita Th yop naif Se sal fo ‘She up dees beet beg cre reno psd et. Spc deg of ris ered GO ate diese en de {Sips thee prone ono eve. Te es il edad ieet cape PHYSICS OF DEVICE OPERATION 25-41 BLOCKING STATES {ede now etn ee fo thi ie cnt ‘epee bree etisalat ‘Binning Dah whch ey Sete on te mci ‘scons gon reves vg eee sow besos ee ‘cosmo tending a of ean amie i251) The ‘ne king cp of unin wut eg ee w=) "om ppm ty eas nt pes E25, ‘eve Hd The doping ns i ech of bere ach ate er (ae eee pn ee eevee be json pe, a tl ete again dees he Hecke pb hs tow are oa Sgt Cele yr es heii gs Is fe nt Mee 28, sini sm ons a"Ot fa abt oni ce ncn inte wi eg suet ne oer ad ye i ar thn eno, es bn aoe eel = a oy $SeCutne Sic rae wate = = Btls A ropeche, oe a Shes ervuacstautmeremccmeasyS Sesame ly rence tate Tinsmet eine fees Seon nitestee fe ipreeee yeaan 2-42 TUNNON PHOCESS Egat 24 inca af, +0, a wt, aa at al trim thesgste wane ne ee ore un) fects eee Secchi eit on eas Th ms er air oo he The exenson of thes depletion lye ao the prepicw (he tase eno ape ‘smb ek aon oe BT ‘hee tom nie cs i ned pe come eh Pas fice ep ana sc ys ie Sone ies atis ar ips ements Slimane eet peer wcchanin {im wl go ag ene et ree lt B49 ONSTATE OPERATION aioe 4 lal « [> =‘edt te se hag an sei 24. Tne tela enero Sore eee = aa i eset howe 3 whe ie asi cep we chore che se a ce srtdie ig nt etn cate ond ude oer oe ede epee 28-3. SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS 235-1 TURN-ON TRANSIENT AND ddr LIMITATIONS Torarsmown nig 3? ote Tuite BS mins = ~none ae test ie nea ary mac tne Fe, 25-2 TURNOFF TRANSIENT Tee of eye mig a en Hedy eee et ‘Feirumat ohh wl dot when he lag apse Bs gen tt Beep Pg en wae on ayo ‘Eteori pon Cd doing Cher Ae are Sr, Bee ‘Sn nh fr vp of yee deem ety ie aes ‘ftv ine cae dean oi yn of al ‘acl care ic sn pe eh ‘ese reve ahd ee ht Jct ot cru he ence cae esi he Bee spt te any eco al tt a ‘esa mone nye oe lng eph ten eve powig pe meee ca at ‘Bren ae pn wey eA re ‘Siew Fan = tsa al apy bea on hse By Srey ecco oe a ly Ta 2215.3, TURNOFF TIME AND REAPPLIED de LIMITATIONS PS pane of ead ae set cai pe of ee cur Ihe fare vey caret ae ese ‘Stuumte yrtr on ren onp une ara mrt Soe the ip ee Sale ea mya lta nn temeen ‘om ‘Ge et csc bk ce a ee 8 Ble E Leena eee ee Sa Shnsscaoe 233 1 CHARACTERISTICS ‘tein ey ae ln) sarin eo Doeoa IT eg a e ‘Sept cance os pebt ISBT ead tne ep a Be les oh lager ad canes woe vee pn hie ro fr ng en eT 24 Sica tng Spy silane pe tee ‘mina nly ow ri curentswhee p source woe ape he te ne a el fe sale oe sc eis ay PHYSICS OF DEVICE OPERATION Sine ihe GT sel MOSFET he tes vhue can het oe ii etn of sin inal in he et zon Tie kann eee age ps sma he po eo at ‘ni ry dc cee ep eT onentl a asced pcs ace ir a te ‘Stat hele etd tesows vse cc ee. Sele dey tow pega acing on ek Seto Ms Sima poh he re nee soe ch pm we es "ee ey ne MOET ceca io mnst hlnionin F253, inate poy mah ne Serhan Sm pens Ss ‘ie wabSan ing Sn Frc ee ‘he NOSPET forum of be sqm rat ao apm 25a Sot Se HOE Ka aT omen Se 5-5 LATCHUP IN IGBTs ie isaac owl ep‘alu of ein curr hat wil ae a large enoug eral Olage So ative ae $s ies ce macarons Sa “hg as fo a ssa SE, Scar esi ecutive te Sonne "Ts expo to pst aed ak pe ae Ss Tens cmepng aon gs ead This ean nara expo ofthe dept ler bec of ts ow apg. Tis ine ie te ryan bch es omits pci, Te ms nce ‘at tees ng bret uo epee 2 pn a pcm wih oh et Soh pe ‘Sng dem. tt fi 25Sn The che en ‘Saeed dpe ts ert eo ctr af Pn ate oh ‘Srprepon mnt ach pt sma Th hr no ey ips sa eps eee oe eS rnc cn hy pe stn i 28 newoe colby ee seo hs ie eset i red Ta SSS cnr aan art ore Seeman oT tne dete wih hb 3s tion ahi GT en yn sw ING CHARACTERISTICS 1. The urea pat ft nee per sa he ower MOS Ft anwnin ye Soil oer) he slay wenbeepece!, see BT Srey NOSE ring mon neon mel ee 262 TURNOFF TRANSIENT ‘et ca ce he OT ee one teapot a jy mp ots‘roared 4 i al ne “Tc oly way atthe exci cn be remove 8 "ctinin wo comespontingy Tong Hawever. Ting fj ner is wadsble Beane Be poet ‘Haine nr i eg een nure ape ecat $s seco buss sna ie eines ea ‘Syn rand he Me Elcwon talon oe TOBY fen ed ete ‘cup OTs tem inte eee ling pe sesng the den tlie Ti oe byt oe rier re hin ons he pr tS th es {Dnt amp dig at aoe ae of ngs ‘Ste bute mer ap ness sth GTO. To ely ‘thces beers te ele Fr het eo hs se he eh ‘he erie ay hin nd ny gs ate sh hose stipe abe csi wen ree Bowing hath RT. Tew So Ste ner alows or it pon he po fcr to alr a Sehnert ne ae pan of tenet og i ing ace Ta Se pg ROT (o'hue MOSFET seca ar ho ee canes mp’ When ‘Gott the MOSFET see nthe caren cei tte Ring ‘a Sel cn el ca oi sem analyte MOSFET mot te een ecole yee tc NP ‘Stentoreean an sus ao beat cid The ese sw een Te einen nom ee 22663, NPP VERSUS PY STRUCTURES See ceeciy ewig i ea ‘Stl stance pee 1ORTs i tg mags of 30. "Wie soni ing epee amet he pets ate Seow in schon doce hen oe i ogee hetow ox PAP canst prensa ng de led ‘hyo oer be Lon emer icon ec. hc be tebe! Se pg oo Png ee ws ig ie sine cs cmd he pe ‘hag nig ness Te onsen of iphone HBTs we me y fe ‘MosFEt cue! nas ma exo oes ahh soy mks sal ers nthe omic sisi o ep se all opi ve “Ate ime ele re 0-300 nner pe ay sein ns Sop ie ehh eke “Sino RP ars oft siege lag ngs ‘Stcucd at he poche sl hve me sce patie ath Ite evn se volgen nos en eT Ws eat IT ea dei hr a ea bec he tr tn sale campus sed PT ome. Lr te ed ‘ced aden ge pases el he acne a Chap eng ‘cen o BV compel Bley sete BIT feu see Sal es Bev evar tas serenely nly stot) he le os Soule nar NP omy. Aes ee per oe sees he age Sperm hcl elie aria wl eh aku aps es Peco or ces theca rr as Fo ring nd ae pas ome PT goment oie He eget DEVICE LIMITS AND SOAs ‘ee mato i ct ng 0 hy edo pies wi SepSrcrig ont heen nectar oe set by ge aude teakdown cess. The IGT esened otha wen his ‘ot cose soar #1 10 ge mind a on Uni a ‘Sedo 1OBT wil be nti ve ene wd ares vag elo he Sttte tge Rear menue nese at Sie on ric th Fenfr 10s dpenting oh le na et of “he atimam dense ve fs the Geko ge of ep ‘anisor Tete be rer te snl ots alos ape esc ‘ess ig ci aig a ec a ae Sor wih ager age ing a came “Te mins pre jn curr ely wu ORT 17 The GBT cane degen se wap change etch ‘oom erent a he mim pte sgn The eae i Sonia ponte ne ctie soe MOSFETs a be ane orc ict eed Sean amperes TORTS are easy pres eae af te go cea oer he ationseo scm "as may ‘rT cn pri peng aston mip. np er sing tne el te FBSO8 ofthe poe MOSFET oven 2-19 fr ton ts she tha 5 Sarloger sug 8 BT thal town te FSO. ‘Sethe a ine POR bee MOET ‘Stout OA bcos ero ewe Cage ape dase “cigs siy tron ge The rs fe vein 9 he RBSDA at ‘etn of mapped taal aap. Toole ao gt ie ‘io wil eich a te BT excl ean yess ad GO. Fra ‘i hee on a ot ap pe ace a oats 409 SUMMARY ‘hse hui esc cater iy es pot ee, ‘eld pate ame BT Te ipa asses "eter day nce be noe 2, The pena ofthe BT ste miay bows hl of» MOSFET a IT Is eth soap) a sua as MOSFET, Mase oes ‘uch sar han ow os MOSFET. ma we conan wi eo BF Te LGBT src are yr cm be allowed rae ep wl ee i toe he Sere ‘Som ot sy Se es neat ate ‘he wn ged of Be IGT a cn yh ne ngs fhe sor roge 6 The GUT ht angle SOA rice pon sir he MOS FETs hh minal no rac PROBLEMS Serr mn into Hen, ">chna IGT be ceo eae 1 thea iene athe dh mpon oe oe ant Quattor Sao sees 20 Cen Tae sar nt en Stee mar wees ree ge 1 bine tretcaret etme tae eee 2s eae nari taint i ain Ee ment te mn aca ese ‘each 2 Fogger ear ng urea! apy feck Svc aig a tu es ae sme Sie age ees a ee atari fe tost boos es eeeREFERENCES, 1 Tema A ign, 1 pe. TM. td, Str Ca Le erm «Ee Se iran 5 tee eae CHAPTER 26 -2 POWER JUNCTION EMERGING DEVICES AND CIRCUITS IxtRopUcTION ‘aed wi ot fw jr Te tc ey impel come ‘Dont Dring, MOSFET, thts, CTOs and BTS Reseach eon Seinen heise ei ching ge cbs, eas ore ‘ei wich ec ‘Oe ev ogre fa nc cael ig enh at stow sine pal ae pot cet pee Tes coe at ict nn cme ew ce cy poe Ci ies sn cn can rn, the apt we hey smart bart of oe emerge an ‘cos ety pcp of persion depron is, We cone ‘her emer tra tay ose ar mag ne EFFECT TRANSISTORS 262-1 SIC STRUCTURE AND F-7 CHARACTERISTICS ak geome ing Sot eed tte sce en of the mare JET The spies cu quaney he gue we nar te Cad on3 meena trier be anbeeectanme cr }-CONTROLLED THYRISTOR, Morse ME ae nen orm a termed oid cr FT, elcome od, mai s,s pt SSS eae Siemon es aware Sateen Serena eae eects ra a ie nr yi ae eee eee 26:42 FISICA. DESCRIPTION OF FCT OPERATION ‘Ae wa epi inthe resi ei, eFC basal) 3 power JPET sect ie ts ale ST The in stmt ry ‘ee Copan ets mala saee nce compe wi SET ‘Sion low al oss age, ten st ge a ens Pte 266 omar‘wc apa. te male FCT eal acomelaied by mesying =p SSO Is cee ep fn cn ch en pc fo ne Rec be Tim ey, eat a (fees FE hao tee Sey ope eesti che Acad he, at heron es eo ig ee cpt gn, ea eo of em IFET-BASED DEVICES VERSUS OTHER POWER DEVICES, ‘ci dnc ay ond pr On secu tcp sn en ech are SP Reason to ypeot de bevy eee wal ete FETs a MOSFET, odSibist es tne wages nt ofate sol ae be ae onsale 26.5 rs ting no may IPE we pty men Swe Se cece ne coe i pas ‘oe ie wT See sa ch sy a ‘cmt concen mStar hoy ove ta ny her men, mma. hac te FET ‘Zien soya nes he soe ee ae, ‘Aten pore ave wal TEL deve: yen ‘mie psi tray des, Ra a ‘ett rece npn oe opens orange tht mde cue a ’ MOS-CONTROLLED THYRISTORS ‘pn i of Ng itn wen ene The OPT a PeNfhee MOSFET. we ote ound the me othe MCT, 5 sows in iacing sot te eet sin tp tan ae aap, ‘Sti rin ew ane te FE, Toe scree eset, Ou eS ‘MOSPET ia he che whem ONSET ein Oe hn ay oe ing eer pe MCT eat ine a e ‘Seve art oma be MCT arc nes fy me of can. Wht (SCOPE FEE s mantel fe MCT, ms a mt oe re cece gana eee eg dp sci he MT wa oceania ‘tet reian = em ye moh tes ncn Og oa he SIT ORE he ings oA chy ate ‘hissy ce OFF FET den ao hig ste Be fei hinges tgs mal fl of ung a Se en ses mags ht jst ec fer Be PCT, SUTURE : : Inert ff rier. aig cnn ay #5 ~ Lm be ken by ‘alingay yc Tes sop rye ooo ee ‘Erinn seat cone The tut ees BI one by shor Sean in OFF ha pai a serena ity dp Sd coi en [GHFFE shal te caterer hee ste BT hc se ‘apc sp-somn convene shown in Fig. 26a, The came cces proeed The MCT: ct ich gute iy fem to a om 1 th pe sii it iy a Fe 20st te pate CT Sg stern ME than api spent hn hte ye {icine Typ 20. we eedse ly ae [CT ee eae ain of i ste {nalsomatl ying ache $ peat aratureon sie Uo at Seo wes Hs) 18, ‘army umn emcee da he gece wot itn 0 al este ea py 3 CFS mows te tov tioned tee mt he savers a haraents by eat i core a i (Geant tage eh fut ae Te cet lie led [hor fet he ces crise te epost sc eo ‘ype carat fl nese 0ST 265-5 DEVICE LIMITS AND SAFE OPERATING AEN ‘espe SON MCT ov gal ig 2 Am ove ae dco wags th i vey no Seed, tem ements Th ‘us acene ody mca ev Sehr ee ‘Oe we ey oer eerie Tey wl ee ey ne MET deve corny male sf. ‘Seca ngs of sie MCT wl ice awh gens never ASE Se Go Sc, hn Met wy ee ics matte achive devi area in MCT. Cae trons hee nh tee ys ae Cm a TO ‘7odcomete cone ly. a ae i en yng er MCT Me Te MCT. atk bt oi a i stom, The hast of he etic pares mrp mT, oar Sra te hte MCT Tampa si mt he of arcmin em, She OX Fen tor npn wl nome be dit ngs Cue26-6 POWER 1 EGRATED CIRCUI 2-6. TYPES OF POWER INTEGRATED caRCUITS ‘iSopoceuts Tce oh cone ale cy om he Se hp SESE ee Sena pty ey tne ced cal foc cyan Ov hr wa be secton becom epee re inleen pela amar oath td VIGe wed ea es sed ce iat mr goes po 1S well as pons of dive ccs are examples of tings ut can be acide. A ‘Sota ypc emp fest nace marine 361 Thepesice hit vera over MOSFET ee wp sue ieee cp ii VG) tr grt ee ‘fnato te abcd on he ney wh ow ag esa se Syme ein He ern ae es. ie om ‘ort moda aCe f psc eae commen ng su nt etal ee to ge age. The sige le Fanconi nd sty cei stgh spas ese lyme io nt, ne eo ed es ‘ide! ean cpa soma waco Cs 22 CHALLENGES FACE ese mariner res oe dc ani i el hi 1 Beal olin ef igh olap conn om bw age compe. 2, Grate hg cinder i oem og eat , REYten tenestpnt ingen eae its Te 1, Lag wp eeogen cons pry point 5. Ned otigh lame pein 9 eet ge deepen epee,shea gating ee il win Tete sng al as oe eh Sait eg ee eo oe a SL Sateen ep ote so er tet pre Seve ant sap soa coy vee The bax ity a eb ent tm on en a Sorcery rei rnc lee oe Sota muir) The pole of owt ma he wlage ‘ioc ‘ino ie cept ca mon wee hc ang teem ey ete of Piet ‘Sear igh rages ve + ponsig fama wil ewe i. Tne Seo he te pps hi nnn Sheen, cmc Sm poner he nm aS, ee 5 FOR POWER. es pis, Unoanay, hey tte eh coup ty ae si snk ah mG seal el ‘Sono Gant eof egal press fa rg od cet pony as bre so al eHPRRFORMANCE USING OTHER MATERIALS A cn gcse te mail goes Ine in Tite 61 es er compe Slot mh power prema snl penal goes [EGvsoge MOSPET sed choy dine can se he pee ce fetes Roy nb een it Pb al Rast Eehtee ty ietace wie ton tak et sit dog tales gia in ale Slt tyson vg chen vatag oO. Eq Bb aed este Stipa 3st st pte ae ‘hte pion ngs that ar eu as we go tom sicos toward damon clear ints er pp ee mt pe ig 20 in oy. 2D 2 Toe il ot aE 30H ‘lhe he a har air is ng spat ee oe et ‘ere Senso Vol eb comp, Tea aie comer 247-3, CHALLENGES USING NEW SEMICONDUCTON SIATERUALS May bins ein ore fie mai a Table 261 wl te se Tee cpe oe Loge cme tr oe a ‘Grea pr igenting tvs es ns ep nine re cs Se) ie a Se rion nr ein ot sey ent sae Seu i acm came een en tht of As Te ape see Since ica ree mci con ao smart ag STs sm eto brag Seg cn ai ind Tema an fa a ee 6-74 FUTURE TRENDS: Sree iyo sa mah st‘ace Dun eh 9 Y Shy SHG poe denen ‘scene impevements eS por Svs he ives nic lon nd he geal her palpi ace Sie deco at wl at pen eae Sel i i open eh il summary ts inant a of pac ao dan eae ‘Sh see ail op re a SB omy ane yh at om i save marie pane ce orton pum. hey ma aha hi bt ‘san an wh pty i tym ‘een of 4: hts me crs ep of ne ne! 7. Oe sce il an anode pope ache ‘cw lc and ese we he smc poe eve Po PROBLEMS (SIS Sc oct arcane or mn eg tn et pe * select et Gary uc apnea 244 ge ee tino 298 At Mi he FE nes ee ne a canada Ce {Fe bs of came arcana cg Be pc an uti ee ple to nase 2 203 ey at En md {ted nes ccs he Sas co oe 8 ee jc ee grin 2 gh nd N= a pcPART 7 PRACTICAL CONVERTER DESIGN CONSIDERATIONSCHAPTER 2 SNUBBER CIRCUITSsues es cole Wy ig ad cl of pone ne Sates ye oe So cane peg se rete As iy Sepa oa hme is ea DIODE SNUBBERS imeem suite topaven ome ies ip lea ta oop Sst an che tcp le cr ‘ite tact a in np ene eat wc fee sy cae {em ay emer wi de ae At Rea omy ad SEE ae emg: cn i ows Fol to pin is = mel np rn i ‘Sse dae at ep on my of Be £52 nt a om a of CtADDING § SNURBER RESISTANCE“he try ine it gen yf nih ov om Se em traps (sh cny srin anan w= leh ey cs dpe i nd a en en of ,Aeig mtn ‘ice en Meee Wit We Ua, + HE os (r+ corpnttetrnmten soaring cS eroeee strc asec SiGe keen erage swe Sibentestats iinet erste peti. This scoot teal cit 7.2 ig 27-23 IMPLEMENTATION eget arsine map oft te Deere nema suet Sree ee ces ca nemer erga mee Sich csatiedsmentntaamect ianytioss scien Sent nanan pons ganvacsecmece map cance reramarriatione ‘Ta, wich was cael fo eed coer eat of Fg, 2a selected a sue ee cect Sa mentees Seetieeeemnet weaknerenieterse Ecpieop eae gee eee Samra ete rete ee Ts ore2 SNUBBER CIRCUITS POR THYRISTORS Terme ce ra tii wen ey we er SoreuSislnchge@Thewsce ntti ae 29 Ta en te ahh in Shoe eemtin pie.) dyn, oon ea pti ne peo et and og cca Taga ig te a Ras Vib wea neg by 28 Bo he ey meats mgeafa esse Rete oraWe hee 5 Be 9h pie Pai aa) = 0-5 nay [NEED FOR SNUBBERS WITH TRANSISTORS “Tain ce rhe ten, sep dove wt ye, ‘tonne Fr pars of ison ip cio poe as ‘ee MOMFES t,t mer de oh MC. (Se tam alge poe eb tes ne rcs po ‘nun be se wll then he ewig te begs These ‘nected, ade nt ee sty fe ‘Sanpete xed he by = y+ Tee sence ny nds ss in an nae Sere in it gr be in it T ew 2211 Spon ne eh ee Penn cei pono the device ropes ‘18h ds ee ing eee a ee. tg iy srt ay cs ep ‘otag se caret weg mmo a aig» hy aa pe ‘Suse ver ty nn en eg yd ad sat enemy en Hs, eo ‘pert ump tt snifite sther aa ea he tase cee ie wi ct we eye ‘Sumpioe pve ea or nl sgn pose ube ponte “etl egn may ses te peng a eee yy ‘serena co ee cet“oop te vgn cea cue emir tae se eye Fl era ney ‘ronal ceo cpr a huge snr Tag ‘truce oor of isinctemn a Fi Ete ning te cee esha oe utter pert tsi age wd he als “Sisson (che geal se aly gute al vn SARIS nie 2 ele Se sep Suen amc ng ‘gee woud br al Te pec a pes alge a ne ew 27-14 fh ul aes pase Ge) al (nether enh canned he ee 4 talon cag dsp ie wane. The alee esa ine wusser deg be cpt cae me canbe xen = sie [ot ‘Sets scene cnn 379k eget ‘Sintec cory npn te gn beagle ef anor arse wars athe mcs fe es 2 ai ee he marca the uma The cpr Stipe nt meee gm fovea + fi toe erm, eg 27-1), smb ence Houle nen 0 a tet tegen than emer ey coe, the etl ee “eect ge aly gt, 0.21 te td. 77-31 es Sc ne sane mpi te inp Fig 27.49 nd 27.08 nie ttt ssn fhe foe al Tees Sao ear 1. Alle cancion spud ie es, hich ce an 2 Real edition ne amit a ding ie i fC ey at fn ae pled afte of Cn Pls Bad one prvi, thse iste nent of and he ool enc sic te ‘ac Stag ton dae pach a beeen sme Clee Seton ei ete way wn ein them hows te ded ine in Fi 7-15) Feuer et ey spar ing del los, on. 7.32 and elon te een raf dae deer a eo a capac lie ee ‘cape dwn = bw wlan te mon cesta ie the6 ge no a. ee Ss i on = tne > BRE, 30 Se mening ;~ Cy unin. 2720s he ig 2h OVERVOLTAGE SNUBBER Thea wamin'y ameter wou cite seeker Fe io. scnte tape Okina aoa ope na Sig TSS he ete engl leat es “owt tay wn smh erg tteconent hops cently whe he at canes eee ‘Siamarpn veel ce cue tg ak Bo : B Me “AY i bas om $ ee 1) eran) pn i ng reli Be ni ig in it pc Cy ate SN tye rege nee Genta bl? Ths eatin hows al a of Cy wil imi neg na 5B ano nti onde no cea oY, ape snare ‘he at cag ne cnt oC Sab eal enough at eS ‘onrtaay hn eepl pins rw pe eral of ew “uta cum spp itt Go becomes siete sn ae en a nr eeeAan as re Sh 9 ae en i (a¥ere = 0179 em ote gen by 2737, Cy fom Ea 27-7 erie mpuctn be nr a aetna is, ch meester iit vn aig of, asin Ho ane TURN-ON SNUBBER, caso ee FRSON foot ot ins a BF, MOSES Sisucthine ent fray matimun ode ee ee ae: “Tora snes wort yg voape beso ai a he Sth, Anant ae mn 7 ‘Hevedn ti eget ane Sn rr ose ease Sp rset, Thareicon gen sth te ane iin sown 2.1 fr sel ae, sch Tin optimus ee pervee ener ne canbe ive sige tar of a show yo see np 3M Howe cet (anus = Ve tage se ame ams se ge ‘So mie olin hs leo ro 30.07 fr ye i PE “Vr cece be a yf wi did esr st Soke coe oer ¥ L fe] | | ae Se ent of te nt en eye cam aan 23 way 4 wil eae urns dig tegen the itn ued at ‘es a ger ns nese Ter et led Soe ae de eh tig ce ew dr ecieoee fern ilar penton sz gin at el re abn "having eed ponta9 cit fat i aes an ei is nan, are ‘Shot yeoman sted Wont he RC mira pm re 2796 ‘TovsiiNcgcame neuen win tones fe iy fa teues tn metre ans EM pots "Foran ib ype Sct eter a wil ec bth esr soe teovteing cab nln be ogee own Fi Pra ewe RC wont ntbercar abo ed Te reason ay cn ee ict cure pe hewn wheat fant Dy, es eis on-air eas epee Rec ume nee sibs vu ae Te wo trod sto og FIM Ge oamines nears btomn ip 2720), hes ape ter of Pi 7-308 Tee ice F730 ey pene oer poesin by scenic Cpa sb nd Ry eh Ry le eae att fewisng Sed As rs sun cas rt eo ‘Soa comin sh ge cgi hich wal tae ie oes a won ‘puedo ten er op 2720 Ale ser los ae oat FREE Se cee acy GTO SNUBBER CONSIDERATIONS. ‘uy pinot inh TO caper (her 20a bea ae sens ‘ots in spc. Nhe err GTOr ive hese ein ‘icone ac pve ares ann GTO cee pie ‘sea reco eo cs Sof tox owas ‘NTO wap unig of cat get cet compe 88 snenge ane! oasin saab saree er GTO he ‘Se hi 2¢5 dois on fe nl ster apse CTs pene Se Se STi a ce et eae GrO bac no eon sue ue ore Span Ses, Nw dg a ner fropmandto crass by, 4 shen pven di eg. et [Sane Thins asst nu ese sem ence ScGTO spon anand Ale, meer tulsa otal ‘Sisto ves als lupe caret phe GTO omen Tae, he ‘Sct sh heat he ata cet ete te ‘ag ec, my see prin of se apc eae se "sip lf bed D, edo cay te care fr aco ie aussi oc ue: ean ab ‘ee emt suites wesc He be se don ie tee ‘sin sia Sucre amen he 0 ston heen he ‘Sinmun et too be GTO dc C0 ean pop pera drag Be ‘ner tn ee ny igo a Sk Tar abe ee why hs nta te e aer unesk psi te sl abe To sche hs heme mpc be ie i sora fr tone He GTO Wi “freon cme: eb in wt min 203 ‘ic higher power vel of person wher sober les ue soa ge Cay Mecfod psc wig 27306 van nl-msney coer i SUMMARY i hh Sd in a opr ce oe cet ‘gr The impr sn fw 1, Suter se poten devie dig an and rf aes ‘Satin ote sn caret psa ew an Hang Seng ay oft Sve tam oo 2. Te we tsp me cnn epalaaed RC mabe, pl {rol Rate nd pied RL sabes 2. Une Ramer pet de and ses fom eas rey ‘tcmnersnoney ce apf een yes cane Te 4 Ryerson tot aero est ype of coal ‘kde, MOSHE, GTO, IGBTs MSCs ey pontng 0 lap “Seow te sh whl the cme ne oft Ta mel cng acy ‘veers low poner dino orion 9 opt! pie nde le ef 5 (hays vagy mos te ve Sto et coed 5 Aol AC cee le! lg an eh bec Be ed Ecce tarot ene eens ys (6. Apltad Rte pects led Sir by eng ete ‘dete he cares eg alu ing eno rane. The ‘tr ah tit ewes Bei 1 Sib araneeen fg ces Sera et ru eer ogi oreo pots Ss ‘Meron deg of suber eat Sor pein he GTO.PROBLEMS Sate cee caeieti ce as Fe ee a a hrmwganmae te 20v alr ecaney ao OF 218 Rap bon 7b me i, er shown 2 574 stipe slp nny Sse te Oy men te Ss Su teach sg ty noua ene une tot ne SEE volte gear ena ‘Sit lane ns se ey i {0 cantor spe ees RCo bi wi ene ember Stearate 274 ct mn compa ih win cay be mde ithe ei REFERENCES 2 ¥en. “Opie Ste ee Senn EAS 19 A 5 HARE se pn, ma SS easing eRe 4 W Mtns pve er es pins, Ne 1 Eh or FE ot pn, ee a Ege NS Rees pion en Ar ns GT 9 PMNS ar Sam Ro Men, "A sate ae nee Inara eins Sy Conran 2.88 i 12 wine ne Ta ia ates Can”CHAPTER 28 me GATE AND BASE DRIVE CIRCUITS PRELIMINARY DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS ‘vena at sn or ed elf ae er eve goat ti nen wrvcrng eve eon wet aarancn we cg lige Ine ose eve ema mt proviso pt fe se ‘Soro AT rp su voug ts MONPET ony he power sec io ‘Ete deve ema the of sean tigen BY Sant nal ea he ehins of ter poe dee “Til pcg coma tt ee te jee eat sett oe enh an tooo ote ee odes Ceca lan when rare ewer pow Sch ae peeve ‘pulpecesmpomn cc Ofc one soar ste per cpebiss ‘Sopot ote pce snip pcg ca Fr ease per It ‘Sttibe was obey $10, 0 he be en ppd ye re “The pln te cca dy te nis conto. Fete st sie pred bye ve ec pl ta Upoae Sie sper ive ccs, bp pale ede er pea ‘tot pr Seca re wi ay ae ero, Ta eat a oc el a he stg gain cs, Perse ed eS ‘toe th ine cic nd the Cor! ewe Tn eas the ne atm fen poe Make tes fr poe ohana se ‘yperer ancy ous en nea be ve cat ng ening he cro pe sm ee a ‘edo povie a lng coe Se feet a ft te ‘etal Foes ie eae eg tn cet eels ies ode tconrhw ee de cat ced oe rea et ct tn ein nec oc a Shovel apy fr be ae et e-COUPLED DRIVE CIRCUITS 202-1 de-COUPLED DRIVE CIRCUITS WITH UNIPOLAR OUTPCT ‘orator he maa over BT tan td by mange aces Da rams he weary se cre doesn Vance {te pwede Seay he Vey fF ee SS ib ch eso wld eo opt se Te typ deg rs sh Bow Baton ein pad ese ce 2 Kepig eid nse be Tt oe Hy 2. Twonlaown ean 261, Vr andy Theos line ine tee hs a282.2 de COUPLED DRIVE CIRCLITS WITH BIPOLAR OUTPLT Ince pete pont semicotct dev a igh useing ec, ve Scns debt mst Sc sw eee ‘Syn es i ae abe pad the emi ik Spa cea ape a ‘Soca een mst ee cet be nd tne port sr accent pave nts 701 = = ee Soma ane a fe at se oho te reader reek eee cr ‘ eS a ee Fa aril pee rere rd ScLgiee remenntse siee Re eee rer ‘ete tx sity ore tin a Vn “Thi can be sen i Fig. 24-50 ‘Staion tetany ee BIT hho eee ppc ee al ar tema niin ce ‘otage Veo be they pring ne rte ie sa wih, CER Set edn el pee ie ‘wap ino te BT Macnee enews ag mt el Sad eto ef eo 2S sow in 28 whee lone se rn af ee re or oe compare ‘i wth tation he is be caret oe te ey SEAS, octets mt st coe en an ge aary ec fr MOSFET ht prose poste gt wos hm st scp pe otage a am oy mets ot owe spt treo he OSHS sane shown Fis. tanh Bete the cen pale apes ‘yee itt andesite ote MOSFET bet ICALLY ISOLATED DRIVE CIRCUITS ‘ep, ed clin een ep et an Inne cose hing se ase spl See ee poset ‘Sea nlm Re ie er oe oe ad ‘Sate ss omy feed wih aye lage pend co se ipo pcemeceep cn ate ey ea eb ays novi tl lion eter ypc, eo, cxdytmlcTheruope wn ni Soman a ghey se {Ly te oper ans an buon Seat wpe Sia fm be ‘Sing esc LED tes pr har oe oe open Sst oe ‘Spun ao uo Tei fang oben mre get inborn urs nh base ames tro ‘hcg dn wag a potas or cme Shen geo Sector cee, Te pcan en OLED we[S2h CASCODE-CONNECTED DRIVE CIRCUITS Penrice hve cic mcm fe woe (Sy sal tn) cae cy he power sei bo {eves cee wes sty wets ogo pee ope he Se cca cesses omen wpe eho at Be 2o-41 OPEN-EMITTEN BIT DRIVE cIRCLTT Sour aeins ge or sees oe zileeamma tape se Siiecost perce cary cee Baris Shee eaves Soagieer cee eres ieee genous tena gratenacen SS Suen aenaratante sat Serenata BIT being wed ding tof 2 spe Ge compas ofthe C now. The RSMISGuSAG eticecvamne nas 4 Sa WT ch woud be cbven othe asf Bay xt te a pid ‘asd coment moc ern le de en "eae omg acre ie pre bce pe Serena ne cr anaes iSemrcbe se cate 28-42 CASCODE DRIVE CIRCLIFS FOR NOR Cuzco ive os a peas fr roman eis ch ‘Suowe te cas tpy, Ceres vee esa FCT sos ESE eee Mont sh et ht FT) Cathe voltage ofthe FET drops to 2 very low valu ine cose wolage ofthe OSTE td he ct oem i FE ae inp rs eG ts Ee we ah mnieotarureag set eres a musta ates setae trio's Eeiiereeirnwencttastycerane ‘Naot FE sever el MOSFET cn be raed wo each he dese ie a goer cna ‘ica ccnapped emma desing GOs Same sty re bce See iien ergs ‘THYRISTOR DRIVE CIRCUITS ‘5-1 GATE CURRENT PULSE REQUIREMENTS ‘st be wed, Fora gen yiser eee fran sie ee ‘Bi cere eng ae cee "Steinem pest coins ae oe ats eet Salcombe fu open at el ge Erect moupersisuest cy se nl peace secre erage Seem errs in eps et eset ems cea pe ye sf een Same “pd see ane ere oer disque Amino ipernity Te Te pn ow sg id Ging wn of yer, o tp ga curt sa md dn tl te i, Ae ‘Str eanndunvond notte cee Saha spet econ pb 283 mamron ORME CML Tag f sen aye oy oe eee eget onl at age te need he eg aon he per owes ore, thee mse meson foe ane en the ace volgen ec nd setae comme hyn cnet. sk ‘ose ney lg er econo es nso eg A enc os dra te a cn fr ump so a fret sutra wip op rnd ws incon ‘Rta sw cg Sn eo ne pn a oe {e powe spy refed wih pect loi ond pia This vos can we Spyro te ots he eg trnentin Core Sow ae 28 ri be i) ce ean ig core isure ih his cam, my en oe 25.3 CoMMUTATION caNcLITS (cece nso we be magne esp ped PVG ced un ff yi. Bsa fe oe compet os commis sis eed cae hgh cndcing ttre sect ests ee ea err yb, ome cus Cager 9S rs og cen ie a or 28-6 POWER DEVICE PROTECTION IN DRIVE CIRCUTTS nme pn ri my ia fe Soho yn ey Osa ae cee ne oby speci ewe nee ‘esac ouvert ‘Stage BUT the cscs vatge of MOSFET F268 shows Spe onSng he tt Ci one frets Se pe Ve Ts ‘tg ans at he vee pots Beck Ha pe he ‘Seis ame een eos ne ee ak {Eig atte pci bk canes he sede or the BIT of Depecig SE yak mrs evecare cane sana retn care n Fereunlcnie tte [is clay sh. The tren ere sret egh OB on ‘hat pl ye a ra St gn athe Sebo tegen an Ts Fe 28-62 BLANKING TIMES FOR BRIDGE CIRCUITS Inn hv nt ea a ‘near gate dha vere ne oconnt cps re ce ach Te cna Pag en ete em eet Paani tgp Se Ws Setanta apie Spek ‘As ws nine greviowiy, he simple base dive crt of Fig 28-1 cance be ,rr”rt—~—— sad Si ia etter ear Bib ine — sa mone cn Te ig wil Bo ‘Shag Oy eon eo Macefp oven wale slpoee cai ae ‘mally detoy Tard mak ica shor cca an intr, wil be dextayed. Bie de SS LhLULrr——C ‘omnes ct Nae yon so SA St a npgfree cee ee ety oer atch ae ee “se ere ive cit wyotin be envisioned ht wil perform ae eee ite cps cot pont Sse oer ARCLIT LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS ager} MINIMIZING STRAY INDUCTANGE IN DRIVE: CIRCUITS SENT SRST aE ms ts mca an stoop ers + BT Sree ge pec mn a eras tel va ay cove on ens cle covet acee rid. The sey indonesia i SESS TUES Freie tri wo ere he coe sen as Sinn Sh nate mg my Ting ey nhc, ous vie icy BITS, MOSFET, ayn GTO IGBTs. nd efor be eed ore evs shee elt Scie Say anne hee ‘ay, rales pre peta er omen he ie Ra: Pie ge Seo apr ono mils ae a dc Syne Tor we 24:12 SMELDING AND PARTITIONING OF DRIVE. cIRCLTTS Sey acim mat vo iii in he ph cre pve po hh ‘Sear teco pwe re comet An tea ah x Hop acaty soeumete cnuperi Toco of eer i, a nes ac fay ‘yee oa ec se oe Tet sae twee ce nch toni 24 hole pat che spin os me dc a piglet ited com he be pten pede ser fod wh eae ee at sq bc ai lpr oe ulect dm sid ay meen ih eo he is de eco 27-3. REDUCTION OF STRAY INDUCTANCE IN HUS BARS tg yan yen tne tien ct ‘Sci sn thy eh aed en egy mate at ‘ea ‘omic a rammision Ing and rovies an excel eat 0 eigen) ‘ ® ~— en Tame mp oto pa me ase bt ch neg cise eer Sep A yeni ty a tea bn tre se espe onion sy cpr a aed e im at 1P (CURRENT MEASUREMENTS Beigua. gee he et cn ee a ‘isos mp ae pees a Sa 248, tame a enoy and deceig inl oie nominate tors pl te {207-52 METALLIZED POLYPROPYLENE CAPACITORS AND Sct capes ose sue ma’ Mise eyepiece [Bos inks fr sch scone do ey Sal fs nce ey. Props dlc maa Te nue opr he uo Shue een). Se he nage mar ce pep 9 ‘Shen anduncoc opro gun.e eer: poweT oper ‘Seats gare tecren ant ineoey pperinloeRee. Theo, {Gra sted wget he ce ng iy xen pay th ‘Camis inca Thy ed a es, fr sano ind eat a ee Spee ya SUMMARY ive tes pserd oll wr ef nceg pve ev pce aes ne ‘Souaignel te ave cea Tinea ps lb Te ake of ve cae tig ccd y sete aes cing Eke eo it, be ‘real weg pt iil sol Sy ae et ‘ceo ive at tun ous ee singe ve sia tae ai soa fr deine pol pe Svs eae) ow soi fe ‘Bcd dines wih ipa outs maui ph Se possi ad ate ato ving pues Svs sf apy ae sre or gh ‘lclng fenton wig pind pov vce 4 Hoa lion five cea cam be teed by mam of stores pocaen a rep ces Sect i in min i i te re fea oot oe [tied up hg nd opi xp ane ing. nt Shy yoni uene lege teens + Ne Sn sews cmt ih rn ‘sar pe fe pecs cn Scand ig fe ae ‘Gf aeons he aot of ive ca canon he pie cet Stiri maa ysis tan wii ona PROBLEMS ‘See ot cote ee 282 Te pane i lp nF ch ee ay 2 hs ce REFERENCES PSone enonne, gn C, Ses De, 17% SC wit hn ey, Wa or Sn ee ¥en i) Panne Be eee EBS oT int eect mie han Oot rio ae ee ce tas ear rn soe Sa Pe st Se esCHAPTER 29 29.1 COMPONENT TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND HEAT SINKS “shaper dices ened oo en temper of power crc inde wt comer irig pee conor meng eee eral ons aaj pao Oe en CONTROL. OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE. TEMPERATURES. ‘he era peri on heer pei temic deve i te ‘Dated wae eer, Fs hn te enperachei caet (Ship newt ily dpe pf hema Seve qn be my ‘Sie drs oy erp Fo cue, iy sp tne ere. i onus oe sino ibe fect ena cu Seay pny tt he pg Seay nd be rpc pn pes He he ocala shone ey BE hs ee min tra een ah ‘eel eet ins as ey en ne etna tc ors cnn op iting eo aco ‘peed tim pe ich aes fom oe Vea ase Tne sgn pce, on of he dein ina nrc econ Asya ei yw ed won nn Tew comme wt oe wortcue dingy pe Ax cpt oe be ‘nian cn mp fy, wie sl hee eo 2. Ty wa Some special apleatons wi equ opera nextel ih ant emper ieiistoco nat. ‘icc ‘it opesing yore maine amb empezar os ah aly ihn ener im te pniny easing yn ce a po cpt nnd ibe fe ne for ston ve ati HEAT TRANSFER BY CONDUCTION Sg ieptnine natepeefig 204 emer hon 1 Pao 201 one mien nh shown 2 wh = tempest W nt epee hte T= SC PT * wneaTooH f Example 292. A ints me mee amine ae ving Fetes immer dca acces oer msn pome O SSE at Saas Sie es ernbewhepepes tare conin inti, tet Manali pa gt empha Me ermal ce sco ow wpe Tse cg te eng a et ow as S'S pcan ihe pce of ean vt chor frit ect seb ds St, hah “he al lof mail i igh eral ody, nie ‘Semen, Rb fe dee cei ehower case te junction empresa pes ie ‘Epes tc mpc anf ee se aad te hema eerie Se ie amet cn a ay of ae id ng (icf fer enry deny Dips mac ene in source, 6 see Cte hea pty peri one a Mt nen of oe eu ‘ohne edge Kear ustmgsr tt of mer of cession ¢ {nlite Goth dcton oh Rw Bho cacy fe hk Cy orcas en Terai evr he aston enpre nee e ne epent Sin a, A Sei tn cn nv ee Bovey a seca nay Sess aon oan laters 47, om ni ren 4209 ‘te tans seme mle tee an op (se an rand te ne sole compe Fp 236 De ‘Sc tf hep, Tl eat ema se, siesta nn. el oncom tin doesn lest by mop exponen ine fees sao he pene et ‘Soe eon sae ear ecto aml smpemenry enn A poe ‘Sher cipnin ft ovr fn fe es nal compar Me (Shen she fg Dee ane ne ec a le eso eral ine reece wa Be nv event et at ow phate cee ig. 240. theese ie mre compe hwy F398. te hea ‘sinc itt ur of inl corto per ie san Pode ta 0) vers ae sown aig. 8 Caner mth eee et ea spect hes yore is i ef Zp em oe Yo ee) 1 he poner) now Hun = Pon +7, oo) Fe eanple he owe eng dip angle Sing) = O sed Soaps then nie eal aen Ty = Pea — 2400+ on ures of 2) sh ose oe ng 2.4 eo gpl eat de ‘heal ngs ang 21H) me gulps te prc Itoi cui be eden qin egal ae fede se ‘Coie aie ove how = F395, Te retangsa wet iia ty a he ae a pwede ame sey cnn an ory Tyo = Rede 18 — 240-3) + Te ae ei epee is cin te way 0 re he am pone cy en vce wo sone hema tie Contes Re, Coruna. ‘Sprache eect wy Eg, 93 and 3b) See caiet om Seba osenrsieer eta ec devi eh we perme ae State ode each moe fe ahoa qT. } 28 eet by sey ty he al tn ig wy ‘vera ore ns itm nr of agate opt bing cmmon att ‘Sy ec re ig on Tec ro ah be wigs pn doe HEAT SINKS Keep ejuncon tmpeo oue deve thie Dum he ie (Seip festa af ce cle dove. Te ie net pt ‘Teweriron yo trene eee he ec snd eet era ‘ee Ray beers caw ti he st sre at enced ee ‘enon wi vey te Sipe) & mabe tne mane "hat yh mac ty td a ‘Shun own he 2st 0-1 wm. A Cig of oe Tatoos mann te ermal wasaneb 2%, tt cast my be herby {Se Si rh ine Ss oe canon ‘Sti The serie conn roel a te maha an fat cnectrt erat Typ er roe toe int SSSA id og a ne che of i proper nk pends ont lone cnn gre Be eve cnr. aoe eg te smu is ete a ‘iambic cor ue oi eg a SSIS ty si oa oem mo ‘th 32) ante cima ‘ndooks sch sa efeece 3 adi data hess om eppir such ies. Asangs Pt ant TO agi Ser 12'S whew we oy ea ahead Screw smcnpens oan td Sor pace ‘Sms pid by Be ink misc ess Shum seo o-oo vata ages mie nr ney gh ac ‘Rosen ev ie yout inc ol beter a Sn 1 Eaample 29 for 3 ncn tmp of 125, 5 TO omit he 2 ove nspn of 26 W. Te snr mau pit ake OTC ft 204 ie conbinin 0°. Te at abit gern he ait ee fags BES 9-041 = 39-0 ote? 2 are tC wipe ‘ar pein. ct gi a sit le te jc geste {gC chi sghy cole tn col Te rer deat a ile nent nate se ants lowe el co per Simewta wl pt ota omen ates hex a 19°C sew igh ar th amen 286 EAT TRANSFER BY RADIATION AND CONVECTION en sbi al isan yt ried by mares ohn kt ‘Sid by i 36. Theses we ni a rt eet fet Sa nd {tes tempos conn To une! Sw tema aw 2-41 THERMAL, RESISTANCE DLE TO RADIATIVE MEAT THANSEER 10" eat oo) icmp 7 ene pre eapertf song ‘eosin a sir oer cee cng as ocean gt ‘te fe pen nt rae] eis les Frances sh a Sie nan le 20 Fa pt i, ay Be a Fo bck ones bet ak, 315 a be etn a am sul) oo Combining E292 16s fae oan eG1 Fsample 294 Fad Ry ft ce fk ed unio 10 emo sitetaoume T= 150°C and f= 90°C Uses Bg IN he Fas = eae Pom 7 {2-42 THERMAL RESISTANCE DLE TO CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANS a veil re a eri ght ees hm a 1 es ee a ‘evo he sarong a ts i tae pe by Pow = 1304 SP ow pow = 134 7 cc he ethyl ming Spe ae Shek nthe tes he esl an ral sare en fa Sern dg bh ym Cog 22 1 Example 205 hn pl siete of 127 wie ew reesgarenperue 3 The ps Tos ph neal eo) anc Tamaene (ia) . see em eas 2 Cae 23 Se arn afte iw ee om ‘ia hm 292 my eal ny Th mine Fn ose coed te peg gg see et he erm ress deed on Ty sa Usay sha ec i cet sto ia pina n,n 2h a i 29-43 EXAMPLE HEAT SINK=AMBIENT CALCULATION hich sng 2 gos The pacing ween hcg es pointy 9m Te ey se na te ce Egon 2-0 ul runs () em pet in Fig 2981). Foe 297.28 ponte oe oe 0759092) + (440.0890) = 0.09 ioe a0 nt ei.cn i pa sun aris SUMMARY “Dscaperhs expe vari ech el eal a eit ep Tecnu fu ow cane compen ee pner nd "or dens its manta The nga nh oo 1 The mina ate empre f eiont eves ie oe a het ait eel der ene persion Tempe cel gid he ‘esa ere ray fe dene Sys ses commen hers iat ower dpa of or Sao ho compe 0 he Gamal ine emt) ‘lsh ie temper oe by soar anna peed be ‘tml rstce don Taf tha cere rei fest) {he compen Ashe om ini. mad sow Cal Sethe ingens {Re tanfr fhe tom een keh ane come by fe a ner PROBLEMS Stone akc” meee [i ae Pavel es alti imi, WPCA = Wel = a a 194 Aino wn asp inet on ao 50 ihn en res sng enya pon ea Sheers cua be mae sate fe ERENCES rete Sn" RSet pe Sling 5 Fre Pre ad psn, Bars, ini,CHAPTER 30 on DESIGN OF MAGNETIC COMPONENTS Mace coe, al emf ini fn fg popes bel ese sal coset or ae psi In hc sso be yer econ up see mse towieete ‘how eg an eb ef ase opens in wey oe ee Frey en apni, niche ea act dei ines {Sdmmtomen epee wep phe ey te MH) Piece non cece che a at MAGNETIC MATERIALS AND CORES ‘The ever of mati evs Chae ane hat ea mai ‘ie mu he ne nd amen Tn pale ms ase tht ‘tie mop tr we i ve Te amp et ied ‘remand hc sem psa eo he es ‘camo dnc aloe nce naoome dn pee ‘motu ce es acuta he dep mt hae ad oa ‘Sern popes. Ths soa cee ee sae opens an. MAGNETIC CORE MATERIALS ‘he dency ao nt ee ys ness code ‘he compered nih ated pe er eo Bey cy wry nc oe. at ewes si Cis is mde oon a ponte foe Sj Poder wee ces canst oul es Wan» st eth bps “rem ena mere ps regen eles ely oll fw {Sth and th he scm fan mid co, TO Wher fees "armament ay fi doktor itl ‘ncn theo a fh st ae ‘eanicon meal cemest ad apotintly 30 amar pove! toon and ct Imig cae Ale conpostns comune ca ht METGLAS oy 7041 ‘ar uaa ial rp eqn spleen T soy har asin Eicmera 1st amon eng nde 66 1190, shh se (Fico lnge canbe sunnier vad eng ‘eco restty ef METOLAS tls pe some ae an te ‘mgm eis The MELAS saya pd unt ce at {hy tae to eye er th Saco The ed aye ee ‘Spe ske me hb ented ng Soo mc ch ae {hi ply 0-80 ious = tno. sa Ite oe i eget ‘ees mot pete tr nae pon ye ves cn ce ‘ca org eu pas “he cond bs af maria: ne co ees, Frit mara sea coe tsa fon snd othr ope lena Te he te hare ‘Sere eniy brie een ot emcee ply sexo ems fv oy hte om No pt eb coe iss bcs fe gk ‘Scovel eae fees wee asl cee So a prt fewest 0M) cn te oe ees. S012 HYSTERESIS Loss ‘mages exh me ep f sees B= cance A SpsalScM cheater Oc Mop rena Sse Teds yee Eitan nt canetyarar oat mote coment cae an ‘Ste ts, Tews mile he op enw eo mca) tlt Te wt nrg) Spc oe mera. ete aed ‘telat near es nce wie nox cep mln eon) ep ome Paap Wa? von Tyson tte gre any ry et of a bg ‘Sle erations tonne xd wer sa ene ‘Wiese doy wat arsine serge ts ni 3 en {moe ne oe 6901 Ws = B= Boe Cine mntaowers pone (Eilon str lye frm gh fp Pot SSSI Oh eras enact 8 Ey. Pg 1S 10°71? e020 woh ag nie? when flan iad METGLAS aos, (Sete Beso computes, pt et ate ee lscoe lee oe pty Pap = 32 PB com ‘The i 3028 sane in 2028 gc of 10 ad Ba Soar of i. eect 2h Py = Teton extn il owe he wamp (VA) igo eer ernie prot io Kae Semana peeieseinereeeomeere fifi athansaninanse et ctenrge SESE ctateatece tat wnat oe Spey Power its caenrcegcle icy tome ee Te pemennepett hnrr on nies toe eres eee cee Pade meabee ne aeaceeeeer Seay sina ese acces see anid otter gee ‘Swen The suc lef Py Sl dyn on bw een eat +HB oA 9 DEES OF HSE CONES soe sons mh ie re ps yy ct im te [ML SKIN EFFECE LIMITATIONS ‘Wena mene ce made frm otcig al ah mage se ie ‘ain opt sped be oe wl cae Caine (pore nig Wt Ug tr spin ot nt ar ee coe, ected ey sie fw esos hat enya Bl ‘Seco na eco tom pl ewe ee ape ne ‘ot cup enrly wh dua ns te ca owen a3 "pe han ety tog ne expensed ea de a sventy see 2 th fey nerf api magn fll we mpc ee fe mar cant te es aa {iecrmnstn dns of ce we age earl sin ep en te ert cosa se pid gets apie a Fig sob alt com nce eel mle sf ong now ce snp ped mane, pivot ira at ‘Sonaton uate sna Ha ae perme ‘rile un Sp bcos me of» rose he pid se “Th meni os rind atone atin cntaing mage ima an tcf many mien sw i. Ech ween “Fiore ee Noa tage serine aul ih ene Anat ‘Easy soe ta tens th esiy Hee em compo fr Sen fin an hy 9 a 0-14 EDDY CURRENT 105 IN LAMINATED CORES. ‘Te iy cars ened te ence ite Sipe owe, ey tea ‘iy cmt cee and ase epee Cond he pe oc ‘Gouna Be. 304¢ ehihtimened ns tiie arn ee BA ig ‘tere Bi) = Suntan ress artes tte hn gh ‘etn aos sun dee sh ape el ne ‘trl The snc, wih con ees sin dn soe ee ‘ine ote andr sho Fis ecg sa 19 = 29 v0 Using Fay aw 3.6), gents og. nt inp hich Sporty vo 10 un ce aos‘The ane fie in np, ig cei ef wih Lan ie Te inns pomer piped inp 9 tn 0 ging ve il incon sn a ie eg ey at poner dosed te mao et = fs) [eto 0-15 CORE SHAPES AND OPTIMEM DIMENSIONS om eae ty aps x pps lige Lonmin enc A tet 0 sl fe i vied with os, tlie cn ‘tomes ai rte wn ein en Siete bes con pose te ce meas hin’ Tp ‘lntsn of te re dines il in ent by te of Some ‘on rpm The cme for he pumice eat ee oe ole ‘repr per ng or lowe tT utc wl aed he Sot peo ond oc asi a ds A prder poe crs qugmen l por bayoxeand ine 1 samc of ese cmp I ug he ge ames te oe inact Fri ccin y fi ing et ae opr i a Te he ole cof Pe 3b xen hs sown hc opin st iments cube by =.= 1S re Seb, Oar snd = te Te ‘Sie ancton se oPgab rv ve ose Tae ‘Son howing ernie se Grated ec eee 2) se als eo ee cones ow = Tem Acs oan a pet msn 1 ces eas pret cepmaton sacl es asl a fo ‘Song ndacotanomc egn pss Sachse Sa ‘hr dhe ran smped ye af ese ‘cuales tr mm eect ere Sapersteinoy 30-2 COPPER WINDINGS ‘he and ings nan nner mie am ope bce ‘ibghconlcty The ph dna a opr mae sey oe em {i ag wing ent gc on aise neat pe ‘ste i iin te ney er» mii he ‘nA camoeSenses elin iden ad rms. ee “pico sn af ate ght samy oop pe. The eae ‘med abs hepsi ie ining ie ap i et {in swan gle iy tase Sage Uta wnt eS Eom witews ne 307, A png ie ‘ining iis a coe ss eh ons my be emporedo ‘thet imines acer fs orton Lae ‘Mita sere ein et nul pn tee "hcl mer oa he wing wi of oe ste cndcar ss foes ape ei ewig ww Tel epee wt SPAS /ES een off wig win fr en em. Pe pean ‘Sipe cn, wy eu an ewe proces pees eV co ‘tne coma ing ww, Sed, Seb ee ‘to lars hace ohne ac eT ein ‘LENpse oe wing ninow eT of he slipper a ‘Sg winow wast copper i cr, ad en Oy fae con 32-2 WINDING 1085 DUE TD de RESISTANCE OF WINDINGS ‘The owe Pa il if copper volume x ops wining es sore Bn Pep = Bo p01) he dp =I A te care ene on ln 8 cen ‘ely Hci norco nent eps oy per dupa ‘sintig ve Ps Te al ame Vr a bec en Yon he Pose Hen ou Me ay ope C21 201 ad i ‘expressed in Atm? the value of Py becomes - Pog Bh a? wien!) cons 30.2.3. SKIN EFFECT IN COPPER WINDINGS [Scat se oe dere fre mp ee Coe ge apt Sect shown ni 80a, ch sca eager fh can the mage Ges Fig dy ery pte ey See te ry OTe ce rn ec ‘Seto fm he id crs vung Mae Ac ea i ad Sse iy lg ate oe nt cect Sneath merorat he cosatrar ownage Thence oy eg ein every B03 Tate 362th Sep pe ‘otal fet rene pee of 1FC Te cose dene af cnr a he wide ae ei any age an he i poms fe cre ad by dc a ‘Sul on nine tae yr ee we spo in Sp ‘omega arin co (9 cae302 sn hin ap i es ‘ch a sted 30: Thee ithe ine sce ‘Site ee fr cane flow sal omg whe proanectscon 9 ‘Sescne Th wl we wp ether nr the of esi ep eth de Sane ft ud snr (Seve of hen ef ae eed. Sc ey Hate ee deve. ‘Sher oncbene ele Li ts a Sed arn ee a ‘et wnt Eh ore sn wigs we wean gee ba seme lekechpe Th et se of has bors wee fie ane oe ‘Sete eve Re This mois by 30122 2h Ul am) ‘THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS rns inthe eet eo windng mae ere Be eso cura cel apc Tey ot per mere ‘Sop nd wily ees ie ope, soar» nat ‘moe deni la be map mera thee os es Wit eat err stows apemay 10°C sonny ec) a ut cy en ‘Soe vie fhe tate on ety est oe nih eer ‘oye "Flap perma dean wii ene nga eco ad vinings ma epee seu ie, Woy ee ‘eter nee, nr bho oe asm ae, Tas Scone’ Seon, hr wasn te Ss {cen ining) a engerte ne meras™ ‘in wae te sano po sy Hd 10-125 by eet cents Te aby of he ino om crews, wal an lier ash dees ly wih epee mh above TOG to ‘ny map mater ec eos nnn we 00 ‘tn compen ch 8 pe omer en Yer! ne pit ons, une wl te vad pros ew ral poet ‘Sion Sit be be amend enn snes se py ‘Shion comes ie syste pe of compe opal ‘Sa omon rae shea he oe anu empereo e over exon mil be Sct pe compen wih he oe SN “ea pete de ener of no nee cml tuned nuthin. Ths spon be Sane pet ‘Sst sap noel Ss eh elne oh C ‘Stang Ts noses ea ht can ie ‘iin et a onc mc es pet 29 Ea 22.3 wih ued fe sat oo sae The ‘Sr fg s pale cow ae winding it spre essen wa ae aa ibe doves pte cape sc ec the cha Fran, etl nd sng oe a oa tn ae Boh Ay ah en By Ey 2017 ky fing at a> ~ sent Timi vain he, win BS 30] Een Fons or sure wee Semicon el oe Se ifence 37 Heme Ry E2922. wa inenlypreopeion te fe 200 pd yey eso Sian ooo as ee fan oy We hnacimit Soe 7 fl ene in T= Ry PoP TaN nani, an eed bl Pa Fle Poe + Peak ons eb cot. a opal SO Pg ~ Pag = Pp a ing i ‘Rome dng we scan te Sean Wag anes bth {oral oe of each cron ES ee sept soma ge On, Dineen Sa a ome ee ee Sesame SRietniyieaaee Bree ieee coin etd304 uso 2 53017 me ptt en ey owe aout miei mrcam ameter Thy se ee ndacersfr These ogni can be pated ction quately for pce coe ses sch me dobleE creo Fig 30-6 Tle Sie E es Rien rucnte siete Pi Somes ote ar Tear ANALYSIS OF A SPECIFIC INDUCTOR DESIGN ‘The pen he cnc Secon 1 togh 303 prvi eb ale peta for Spay fa anders Hove te sctrs ‘nos tt ray Seon ets hy cn aso vod ‘Ste uiae eagn pst Sirsa ala sens pi © ede Senet ptm eta (Eqns ill ale etree eg rs Jn dean comin won ee Es fF. 20 dT Cleat of # Arbor of he high eqs sl ad see age Toon 4A Liew separ ota of n= tm The io {iat ean tethinicompoy les encore pp Gu es 507 ad 305), 3 mm nd congener a gus to ms ah Hh ‘Sc Aur lp ue The ao ck eh an eatvy = 08 ae ‘seeetenpertue = aC ore Thence ad a. peri {Ste sina To hn eal pi cen ses ee prot el ge 20424 Caper FU Fer bee eg £4309 ih = 66 dey = 4 a A, 0-422. Cera Deny J and Winding Las 7, Th cae enya he wide he mas ae ey = 4 tm A” a” 800 Ug Ey, 90 and gH = 12. fo Ta 31), ht winding i a Po Pape Mes Una? Ye* 2240318297023) = 3.17} 20423 la Dene and Cae Lees The wots ence aa = Vg = $48 Ad = (6) (46) 3A Frm Eq. 8 srg Hn = he Bld ep My 4 oP Bh scone ing Bp 355.056, diy 8, = 410° = 15 wa ee en en i ham se nh Ta Inte arp spel catego nea oer usta ey be cre Td ppl ine ey isles smn oon ‘Seto weston hr spd nan sh ae eloTB cron ae ons War cas 7 Mle oe ‘2 he cpl Hck so a ig 0 ing ga enh ant FRc wend sent Pererary con ‘Then eane 39 we ot Be cos) sighing wi eae nin a3 a = 15 sseckan Bars anhis a3 Ta. Tae ante ve of dew de on * Baw Ao Spee rita chores eerie ‘volume = 13.5 en! fom Table 30-1) . ant INDLETANCE FL “Asin ine ath tee he ae cae. E37 and 3.47 an = su op aster nasi at ee ‘Tove nh tel onan pp Sy} Pee cmeence of meee Shou nrc wth L = OSI AL Yeo Ba wl el 17 20-44 TEMPERATURES 1N THE INDUCTOR ‘utr ae toma winner arb eters ee pee 30 Unga qmin se a er ec ef OO ee Sir Bote eC we eke ‘Tesh esis hacen Aa ey 289 eine ‘Riercmscrn be pa th pcan wy Soe dogg = 5:80 = 3.5 em, AT = GPC, and surface ares A = 0.006 0 ‘ingest Prom = TOT | ‘Tse ohm stances in pul ad be a ema es, nce nay uahen we Fry = HOC =H wy Soy enperieTy Se wr a fn. 2S Tey 8) 174 3:3) 4 40= 1 1 een Sena areca Seca Ehnvoincniongroqenetiecn aca Reith ee ekcanetnats Satie ae pac tn pt ont te Snr Sas ‘the design ca be changed asantingy. ae 49-45 EFFECT OF aw OVERCLRENT ON THE HOT SPOT ‘TEMPERATURE Teco of ovum be maf Od, peyote ‘um byt enpetarSnt inen ar oc os oes Sa tung Peppers acon, ecu oS ht ite mmm cepning Be" 828 Who ang be mecca een sa iin apc ae oe tion me wing nce yt tna Oe SOR te ony eos ig ned ay esa By es ff ‘tie cy of emg 0, i im mene Brees Poe GIMLS) FOALS = 09 Ha wma at ye Siew (ced ag = HOPE and =) canea ofSA Thieme ee mcg mot ig. Toe iscaTinnedw uC gene of be meme Ry mae tess SOW ‘his coe ced yer ace cong ih 6 8H ok Teeicy treme spn telemetry tet sl Bee ‘2 conton expec INDUCTOR DESIGN PROCEDURES Inte pes seo dee sy ci ince esp as oe in or AE fet mort spe of mbatrtanomer Sig To ts tt Sapte peo of ony ot magna ces om Chae 3 and Term cote nage. Hower, os Sse comet Bin Stutm,be no tng he Se one mas opi ct ee ‘Sim ie nes map eerie sae hw, ae the fob eoe even of etna xp te peal ep scm {Medio amps pees thei a elle bet oe ‘teapot nce eet front excl od eral spcatos. ee oeshpate 5p apo sme ppc nce! awe ce ‘gnc is ur of cone herons Sein Yad ef sy Sh 1 aSiee pened penn had ath secton, Sethe sino wets Sater erm! omartaes a eg ee operat e Sian fines uc put eign ps Ine sty Be a set fhe dngh posse ey eae med te OE ‘Eon fr ects wi edad nan :m.5-4 INDUCTOR DESIGN FOUNDATION: THE STORED ENERGY RRLXTION ‘hn ean cmmoy eed he dey iio he sari it 6 ‘Srp’ We bg eden yng ons Cape (6 ‘imc nis oat Sr uns con “he mer fae en Eg, 3090 = AA) The i he (neg 3S # = Au. Th gar cper Sc 8 ie Jag Tne Cig wan e303 pats gs = edna e025 nee in Wt Ag 8 Hg 8 As A a Bn Ta espoucr AP. gnc AP Aa 020 ss 30-28 an 24 ae eb on nce ds pei cme thy ie gn pt oo) oe poe a al es ne 2 ee ce igs a com abc. ‘stone e901 3024 desc Be made eh eP, ie 517 ee en tii en le Stet ha ne ES os ease er a oy 8 Ong Sand 57 we af sn 8 02 nd og ee pe Peneonlwiaf neces onmo! ie = Vas 025 ‘Te sumptions et in aig hi gain a) psig» Hen epee cae ree he uti of he masa te ie 1) A be geome ‘Siycomero aw be pny cs spe he focuses {M.5-2SINGLE-PASS INDLCTOM DFSIGN PROCEDERE OUTLINE “To py ti of ings nc ese cee i seu Rey eile ep an et ey Be ‘mpi mason ont Sesh hen dias be cee ‘ed The moo Gxt uo Tg paste ‘Sti ote per inges en two of co Ss Feng ‘at we cpr Te ed to dash wl Sete ‘Ndnwct sae shown 501 secs he pce’ Arce ke ‘oan fe pos wi per se te alo epee I = =e ——, wiveoves | Fe 2011 Pgh se yn deinen heSep see en np ‘he design pet cami of te lowing pres ie peak cae Opin fen) 7 = : ‘nnn ine sew ee pre tos of eat mah ‘Sep 2 Compt re nr vl ‘Desens pt comp ie mine ek Sep 3 Che cre al se, sae te tency opening ego. The maa eran chet Sor a, Ss i hm a espe She che ove pet Ee, Use ti, am forth, wl depend pall fa of olin wong oe a “fevers tout ret Ee copay pt nay Sr ea ed at end 5s tn ge Thea pees ob enc ta Kee Ace ct suring ut ne ped ee ‘ech Sum 32) tha cm power pce ensity lsh gest vale openbaar ae on Do tht vale of te soe ney gen by Bx 3023 o eae e uae, Nae BA Ae, ets pp Str A ace tee fa neon 0 La i mpi fr eden et Iie wings te ae rd ee encores ay amet ‘orc? Depenig ont ne oa fe py ah oe ‘eri aor of tty 2 ce iy cs een ng Lt ne might Sag fics wt ving iter ls ec Ie ‘ttc Seg ses dace tow ru on cpa ep, en ee ep ‘ies slept pI mele pn spe. en wl besa ope nigh ree = epson ie ‘Spe hag pe coe ce Step + ld Re and Py Teter esse Ro rcetoanto Be comin sd ag {hear st cor be eed eepent T, n , The owas Scie, wc sgn be oh be ee. P= Panay = Pa 029 aslo * Step 5 Spectator on diy ‘ose a end tng elon va opie poe ey Sie ‘in, Pas sid Sp Sm enc wt as mh Fig 90 HE ‘Soy Se pomiedoy ece manct Sep 6 Caen fhe pe cre dey 8 spin sepa ures de dca ae fe ve fo BE Soham enemas ei Ba Pu eps se Pe we hee te com 11,3027 ve a> ug em Be eae a Be < Bay oe, Sep 7 Spending parameters Ure Ac) toni pete Sper act tawn Soon of he ote ‘Si sipento opening ene nthe peace yee ne Sout Te sonable wren Sen an sow er! ug eo eae “Tonle 305 erty veriag Ey 312. Te me tet ope eae a Begs he Ted sae fd onSep Cae fa of ce re ‘The maximise see wih esc cei ven by {5 tweety nly mr ee sn be conte Tee Sette leap pseu wl ower amd se copper ninog meg te irre eiiypee an t eaptaue ot e naie Shes ‘eal nd eden sce pea Siep 9 Spectiatn of te -zpeth tig mu ed ge bea Be te intr oe "ce a fe mast a uh Fe ae ao Kan a he i te mas x ata nh ore ara he ap A, Prony Ex 3 rsdn cea mas tae 028 tam E> haan sot peg try fave wi on erties to ‘Tse ent wy iu a nd bv ep a on tsetse 0 not page nen 30 tributed tend te magne ar poh there ae sch dstble’ ae Bap ec neg bh Seo oan iting PE top fees bn Canto ‘nding sige re a up wold ve Ege tpt ut Pt at pene ‘th aero te cpp soar ow pre mech oper ay ees ‘Sno dob ae pp Seeing Ee 10 8a 3031 la by 500 ae cos ana of. 23 Yo tn gio a ee eae 2 fps dts ye pp ea pop eng <9 Teeminaeny Sy rand Erte ns mb ssc Sncsmpuc te ine tos hp an anand el ‘uh 2032 ede ines ete ceed ‘Sky 10 Adie finda ae ane savings ara cp con ei co sae ye Slade. 303 two al mae rt ‘Gee iol sae Teco sch an lnc an Py ‘he at dest pt Sa yang pg. 505.3, ITERATIVE INDUCTOR DESICN PROCEDURE 53023 and ypc vale of Jt Bore il eine ress al Frmunttaigfcn ns sch S02 BS Maton Ihe ly yf conse vn yee an Ll hes 30654 INDECTON DESION EXAMPLE ‘ea tpl of he dein prose, hinted nS 34 wi fe erred ge ge ne Step Deg pas Maine pets 7, 107Can 7, = 7 Sp} Core mater hae and ae Sab, abe 308 owe aaer fuk a = ow bs eyesSS [Terese — = = =o] cones | aa Saat, — 73 Lf sree cnr 4.018 VIG. Te go ol 0 005 re a ne Is ny Sader pe ap eens e100 Sep $scre a deety Sep? Winding paramere dos Aa From the cr te Jos = 3.3.V03 ~ 6 Are Tita on (ANG Ain) = 08 mt. 0 Germs Om S98 bon a, 3528 S49 Argan ine Bs. 2058, : sot §= To wae The eg of ch feo dite peg = 29244 ~ 073 Siep 10 Adee f La The eign vale of Li ao theo a 0 asin ae ede ANALYSIS OF A SPECIFIC TRANS ‘tanneries me eat winding on he mage compa Ss ik Ee et ee ‘incor To esac conpcton, ve if ays ess tao ‘sin bet vlog the Spo te ante ese ren ORMER DES! 046-1 TRANSFORMER PARAMETERS ‘Themes wo die shai. 3. These wi = [seeder eeitceecam py SA = 32 Bec he gh Enc adage pay an Sey are ome nay and ny atu wi i oo, Te ton ‘teste windg ne wsg wes sit een Se inary a iy Stati 0 Tone wh emmy E08 leur, and hotspot taper te 0 be estates a| WWV\ SS-memnen [7], reno = ‘0-2 ‘TRANSFORMER ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS “The wo ae ys asaned oe ip cpl ye wings. wish a it vse de xe coped he pomzy an! tha Spey escola Te ea pnt he nteto, Hater 0a we hay, pan Ho tig py ny ‘Emin ne pu an ssa be ane ht he a gered wd hs ‘Sete sc cn duced ogee waging, 3012 8 tase =to fe)! vo fa teom. Me osm) sean tg onm Fete snrmer being hy = 03, 4 = MD Ng = 32,28 N= sng neon 305 an 509 ks. 50622 Winding Le F, ‘Te ure detente ia decoy wining ee se ween yep 3037 Eat oy 30a wettest 62 Amt ‘Secret ees te sae te ay ae cont 30-2

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