CHAPTER I

The Problem

1.1 Introduction

As the 21st century took place in the society; caffeine broadens its entrance to the

present generation. Responsibilities and schedules gets every time every human lives,

school hours aren’t enough, overtime becomes all the time, coffee, tea, sodas, or any drinks

or drugs with caffeine, suffices the energy the person needs.

Caffeine is a chemical/drug mixed in tea, found in customer’s coffee in coffee

shops, sipped in everyone’s soda cans, some in skin cream, favorite of millions in soft

drinks and energy drinks. Caffeine is considered as “water pill” because it increases the

urine flow, contradict to this, it indicates that caffeine harms the voice quality. Caffeine is

a central nervous system stimulant of the methyl xanthine class. It is the world's most

widely consumed psychoactive drug. Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is

legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world. There are several known mechanisms

of action to explain the effects of caffeine. Caffeine is an alkaloid occurring naturally in

some 60 plant species, of which cocoa beans, kola nuts, tea leaves and coffee beans are the

most well-known. Other natural sources of caffeine include yerba maté, guarana berries,

guayusa, and the yaupon holly1.

Caffeine in every school is widespread, students consume mostly sodas, or energy

drinks. University of Northern Philippines particularly in Senior High School, is no

exception, amidst the quality of education the school offers, caffeine distribution is fairly

distributed. The school canteen sells soft drinks in plastic bottles, the stalls around the

1
school sells energy drinks and coffee shakes. Locality observed that the products which

caffeine is present, is a trend and is as sufficient as other decaffeinated products.

According to the International Coffee Organization, approximately 1.6 billion cups

of coffee are consumed worldwide every day. Caffeine is a natural stimulant, the main

ingredient in coffee is caffeine, and coffee comes in different packages, in bottles, in

sachets, even in cups.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

This study tends to find out the effects of caffeine intake to the mental health of Senior

High School students. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What are the most products, containing caffeine, consumed by the students of

Grade 11 STEM?

2. What are the reasons of the students on why they drink/take caffeine containing

products?

3. Are the students aware of the advantages and disadvantages of in taking caffeine?

4. What are the prevailing effects or diagnosed illnesses of the students after

consuming caffeine?

1.3 Scope and Delimitation

The general intent of this study is to know the effects of caffeine intake with the

focus on its effect to the mental health of the students.

The study is delimited in knowing how caffeine affects the Senior High School

students of University of Northern Philippines. The acquired sampling will be random

2
sampling of the probability distribution. The total respondents will be 28, randomly chosen

from the Grade 11 STEM students, Sections A-D.

This research is conducted in University of Northern Philippines in particular of

Senior High School. School Year 2018-2019.

1.4 Significance of the Study

This study will benefit the following:

STUDENTS. The results will provide the students with some knowledge about

caffeine; and the prevalence of caffeine.

PARENTS. Both the student and the parents will benefit from the study, considering

the health of the child, or to set a prevention in their houses. The awareness will be given

throughout the study.

SCHOOL. In coordination with the parents, will benefit in prevention, even during the

withdrawal from the caffeine. Guiding the student will ensure a betterment for the family

even the school itself.

3
 CHAPTER II
Theoretical Framework

2.1 Review of Related Literature

The review of literature provides the theoretical foundations, current background, and

research evidence related to the study of the Prevalence of Caffeine to the Senior High

School Students of University of Northern Philippines. This chapter presents both foreign

and local related literatures relevant to the study.

Caffeine Use Disorder: A Comprehensive Review and Research Agenda. According to

SE Meredith, 2013; Caffeine is the most commonly used drug in the world. Although

consumption of low to moderate doses of caffeine is generally safe, an increasing number

of clinical studies are showing that some caffeine users become dependent on the drug and

are unable to reduce consumption despite knowledge of recurrent health problems

associated with continued use. Thus, the World Health Organization and some health care

professionals recognize caffeine dependence as a clinical disorder. In this comprehensive

literature review, we summarize published research on the biological evidence for caffeine

dependence; we provide a systematic review of the prevalence of caffeine dependence and

rates of endorsement of clinically meaningful indicators of distress and functional

impairment among habitual caffeine users; we discuss the diagnostic criteria for Caffeine

Use Disorder—a condition for further study included in the Diagnostic and Statistical

Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.); and we outline a research agenda to help guide future

clinical, epidemiological, and genetic investigations of caffeine dependence. Numerous

controlled laboratory investigations reviewed in this article show that caffeine produces

4
behavioral and physiological effects similar to other drugs of dependence. Moreover,

several recent clinical studies indicate that caffeine dependence is a clinically meaningful

disorder that affects a nontrivial proportion of caffeine users. Nevertheless, more research

is needed to determine the reliability, validity, and prevalence of this clinically important

health problem (SE Meredith, 2013).

Coffee and Caffeine Intake among Students of the Brazilian Northeast. A study of AG

Penafort, 2016; the purpose of this study was to evaluate the pattern of intake of coffee and

caffeine-containing food among students in a post-secondary institution in northeastern

Brazil. We interviewed 498 students. Among these students, 72.3% (n = 360) reported to

consume coffee, with a higher prevalence among women (68.3%) and students aged

between 18 and 25 years (82.8%). The student’s residence itself was the top location for

taking coffee (90.6%) and the most widely used method of preparation was brewing coffee

using a cloth filter (82.5%). The average intake of coffee was 199.0 ± 230.6 ml/day, with

a frequency of 1.6 ± 1.4 times a day and concentration between 4% - 12%. Coffee was the

main source of caffeine and the average daily intake of 147.3 ± 141.2 mg of caffeine was

low. The data showed that the intake of coffee and caffeine does not represent a risk factor

for the population studied. On the other hand, the scarcity of national studies on the subject

points to the need of similar research about customer profile and pattern of consumption of

coffee and caffeine, especially regarding the preparation technique of coffee, featuring

benefits or risks for the development of chronic diseases (AG Penafort, 2016).

Caffeine Intake from Food and Beverage Sources and Trends among Children and

Adolescents in the United States: Review of National Quantitative Studies from 1999 to

2011. According to N Ahluwalia, 2015; there is increasing concern about potential adverse
5
effects of caffeine in children. Our understanding of caffeine intake relies on studies dating

to the late 1990s. This article synthesizes information from national studies since then to

describe caffeine consumption, its association with sociodemographic factors, key dietary

sources including caffeine-containing energy drinks (CCEDs), and trends in caffeine intake

and sources among US children. Findings from the Kanter Worldpanel (KWP) Beverage

Consumption Panel and the NHANES showed that caffeine consumption prevalence was

generally consistent across studies and over time; more than one-half of 2- to 5-y-olds and

∼75% of older children (>5 y) consumed caffeine. The usual intakes of caffeine were 25

and 50 mg/d for children and adolescents aged 2–11 and 12–17 y, respectively (NHANES

2007–2010). Caffeine consumption correlated with age and was higher in non-Hispanic

white children. The key sources of caffeine were soda and tea as well as flavored dairy (for

children aged <12 y) and coffee (for those aged ≥12 y). The frequency of CCED use varied

(2–30%) depending on study setting, methods, and demographic characteristics. A

statistically significant but small decline in caffeine intake was noted in children overall

during the 10- to 12-y period examined; intakes remained stable among older children (≥12

y). A significant increasing trend in CCED and coffee consumption and a decline in soda

intake were noted (1999–2010). In 2009–2010, 10% of 12- to 19-y-olds and 10–25% of

caffeine consumers (aged 12–19 y) had intakes exceeding Canadian maximal guidelines.

Continued monitoring can help better understand changes in caffeine consumption patterns

of youth.

Drug properties. Caffeine also has the drug properties of tolerance, dependence,

and withdrawal. Tolerance occurs when the body has been repeatedly exposed to a drug

6
and the usual dose is no longer effective; the dose must be increased to give the desired

effect. Dependence occurs when the body requires a drug to maintain its function, and

withdrawal symptoms occur when the drug is no longer supplied to the dependent body

and the body must re-learn to function without it. Physical dependence may occur in adults

who consume as little as 100 milligrams of caffeine daily (Kee et al., 2012). According to

the DSM-V, caffeine withdrawal occurs when individuals with prolonged daily caffeine

consumption abruptly reduce or discontinue their caffeine use. Within 24 hours, these

individuals experience three or more of the following symptoms: headache, marked fatigue

or drowsiness, dysphoric mood, depressed mood, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and

flu-like symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain or stiffness (APA, 2013).

These symptoms have been confirmed in many other research studies, and additional

possible symptoms include transient depression and lethargy (Kee et al., 2012; Hering-

Hanit & Gadoth, 2003; FDA, 2007; Alpert, 2012). Withdrawal symptoms may also occur

after a short-term, high dose of caffeine (Seifert et al, 2011). The symptoms typically peak

twenty to fifty-one hours after abstinence, and can last anywhere from two to nine days

(Juliano & Griffiths, 2004). Within an hour of caffeine ingestion most withdrawal

symptoms will resolve, but unfortunately the quick fix only reinforces caffeine dependence

patterns. Gradual reduction of caffeine consumption can lessen the occurrence and severity

of withdrawal symptoms, but the best way to avoid caffeine dependence and withdrawal is

to either consume low amounts of caffeine daily or avoid consuming caffeine in moderate

amounts for more than two days in a row (APA, 2013). Apart from these side effects related

to intoxication and withdrawal, caffeine may also cause a number of physical and

psychological disturbances.

7
 Prevalence of caffeine consumption and its consequences among JU students (Cited by

Al Safadi, 2011; Sunna, 2011) OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the prevalence of caffeine

addiction and the caffeine consumption habit variation and its relations. METHODS: A

self-administered questionnaire was prepared for this study. The questionnaires have been

randomly distributed to 500 students inside the university campus for the purpose of

gathering information, 400 questionnaires were returned fully answered ‘222 females

(55.5%) and 178 males (44.5%) ‘, Distributed to 198 scientific (49.5%), 116 Humanities

(29%) and 86 medical (21.5%) faculties. Determination of caffeine addiction cases is

according to DSM-IV Criteria for caffeine intoxication (American Psychiatric Association)

and DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence. RESULTS: Among the participants 394

(98.5%) were consuming caffeine, Instant Coffee was the most reported source of caffeine

334 (84.7%), followed by tea 318 (80.7%) and soft drink 308 (78.1%). When the

participants were asked about the reasons for caffeine consumption, 80.4 % consume it as

a warm drink in winter, 74.4 % to feel alert and compact drowsiness, 73% for social

lifestyle, 63.7% to improve their alertness and performance, and 52.5 % to help in

relaxation. Difficulty in sleeping was the most symptom noticed after caffeine consumption

(46.2%), followed by increase in urination (38.8%), Gastrointestinal disturbances (29.4%),

Nervousness (28.7%), palpitations (25.6 %) , while 12.4% stated no side effect. 34

participants meet the DSM-IV criteria for caffeine intoxication & substance dependence

(8.6%), Academic performance for those sample according to their Grade Point Average

(GPA) is mostly within ‘ Good ‘ grade (44.1%) , Acceptable (17.6%) and insufficient

(11.8%) Most (85.3%) find it hard to quit, and only (14.7%) tried to stop consumption at

least one time in their life. CONCLUSION: The study showed that the majority of the

8
students have the habit of caffeine consumption from a different sources, they were aware

about the side effect of that habit. The prevalence of caffeine addiction between students

is (8.6%), which is related to low academic performance, negative health consequences,

withdrawal symptoms, inability to stop & behaviour changes. Presented in the 3rd

scientific day at Mu’tah university, Jordan (April 15, 2009) Arab Council for Training

Students of Arab Universities (ACTSAU) 18th Annual Publication, 2012 Presented in the

14th Student Conference for Research & Creativity, Egypt (October 2, 2011) Presented in

the 5th scientific day at Mu’tah university, Jordan (April 14, 2011)

2.2 Definition of Terms

Caffeine is a chemical/drug mixed in tea, found in customer’s coffee in coffee shop, sipped

in everyone’s soda cans, some in skin cream, soft drinks and energy drinks.

Psychoactive substances it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.

Alkaloid occurring naturally in some 60 plant species, of which cocoa beans, kola nut, and

coffee beans are most well-known.

Caffeine consumption are what you expect from students who struggles from finishing

load of tasks.

Coffee way of starting off the day energized for the mind and physically prepared for the

dizziness and sleepiness.

Milk-tea trend because of taste.

9
 CHAPTER III
Research Methodology

3.1 Research Design

The researcher acquired an interview research design because it is best served to

answer the questions in the questionnaire for the purposes of the study. The interview

research was prepared, organized, collected then analyzed from only a numbered or

limited people, only a small margin from the population. The strategy acquired was done

in a random sampling.

3.2 Respondents of the Study

The targeted population for this study were 28 of the University of Northern

Philippines. There were 7 respondents each Sections from A, B, C, and D, randomly

chosen. The data gathered were delimited to what are gathered by the instrument and

validated by the researchers. While the topic only discussed about the prevalence of

caffeine intake. This study is done inside the University of Northern Philippines’ campus.

3.3 Instrument of the Study

The researcher abided the interview schedule and distributed questionnaires as one

of the data collection instrument for this study. And during the schedule of the data

gathering, discussions for the awareness about caffeine were told by the researcher.

10
 CHAPTER IV
Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation

4.1 Presentation of Data

Coffee, Milk Tea,

High Consumption Energy Drinks,
Soft drinks, Skin
Caffeine Products
Cream, Ice Cream,
Chocolate, and
Food supplements.

To be active, to
THE PREVALENCE OF Reasons of Consumption stay awake and
CAFFEINE INTAKE alert.
AMONG SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL STUDENTS OF
UNIVERSITY OF
NORTHERN PHILIPPINES Advantages are
Advantages and it keeps them
Disadvantages awake and
active.
Disadvantages
are Palpitation
and insomnia.

It can be
Side effects anxiety,
insomnia,
palpitation,
hypertension,
nausea,
hyperactivity.

Figure 1 “Flowchart of Presentation of Data”

11
Question 1. What are the most products, containing caffeine, consumed by the students of

Grade 11 STEM?

Coffee top-billed the responds of the students. There were 21 respondents that

answered Coffee. 4 from 21 of them, while 6 also chose Soft drinks as their other option.

The least answers, were Energy drinks, it had 2 responds, 3 responds for milk tea, and one

respond for chocolate. Total of 28 caffeine consumers in all.

These were some of the responses, from each sections:

“Coffee, soft-drinks and energy drinks.”

“Nescafe”

“The prevailing products I consumed regularly that contains caffeine is coffee.”

“Kopiko, nescafe.”

Question 2. What are the reasons of the students on why they drink/take caffeine

containing products?

On student’s daily task for school requirements

Caffeine consumption are what to expect from students who struggles from

finishing loads of task. Adjusting the body’s sleeping pattern is what caffeine do during

late nights even early mornings’ work for academic build ups. The prevalence of school

activities are also the increasing rate of in taking or applying caffeine. Reasons are it keeps

the body stimulated or provided with enough energy to delay sleep, to feel active and hyper.

Also, simply it serves as refreshment during stress of school loads, or after an activity that

12
required energy to give out. This is accordance to the responds of some of the following

respondents:

“I consume products that contains caffeine because for me it serves as refreshment.”

“Because of course, it taste good and keeps me energized.”

“It keeps me to stay awake especially when I’m making my requirements/assignments at

night.”

“I like the taste, and it keeps me be active and avoid sleepiness during night time.”

Question 3. Are the students aware of the advantages and disadvantages of in taking

caffeine?

On the sightings of experiences of the respondents

Drinking coffee for breakfast is a way of starting off the day energized for the mind

and physically prepared for the dizziness or sleepiness. Tea also relaxes the mood, give

pleasure and sensation. Milk-tea in the similar sightings, is a trend because of its taste.

According to them, topical applications of caffeine can temporarily constrict blood vessels,

giving skin a firmer appearance. But some experts believe these results are temporary if

present at all. Despite those given advantages, there are contradictions or disadvantages.

One is restlessness or insomnia itself, or 400 mg of caffeine in 4 cups of coffee is the

maximum amount required for the body to intake, so drinking this amount could unable

sleep temporarily or if it becomes excessive, it may take to serious medication. To present

proof, here are some of the responds formulated by the respondents:

13
“Sometimes consuming these products makes us/helps us relieved from stress but if we

consume it without limitation it is bad to our health.

“Advantages are most of caffeine consumption is for pleasure. Disadvantages, maybe if

there is too much consumption, it develops illnesses.

“Advantages: it helps you start your day. Disadvantages: High blood (Nakakahigh-

blood).”

“Advantages: It keeps me focused on to what I do even though I’m tired or sleepy (para

maging focus sa mga ginagawa ko kahit pagod o inaantok na). Disadvantage:

not immediately able to sleep; can be harmful to health (hindi agad makakatulog maaring

makasama sa kalusugan).”

Question 4. What are the prevailing effects or diagnosed illnesses of the students after

consuming caffeine?

On students’ after consumption effect to their body

The maximum amount to the excessiveness may be both an issue. The body could

only come up with a small amount; even natural green tea still contains 25 mg per 8 oz.

of serving. Students may have or may just ignored the feelings they had. To provide

proof here are some of the respondents’ answers:

“No, I haven’t.”

“No I haven’t. Not yet.”

“Then until now, I have not experienced any form of sickness that is caused from

consumption of caffeine.”

14
 CHAPTER V
Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

5.1 Summary of Findings

Subsequent to the analysis and interpretation of data, the researchers abridged the

findings as follows:

1. What are the prevailing products you consumed regularly that contains

caffeine?

According to the data gathered, the students of Grade 11 STEM of the Senior High

School take coffee as their most consumed caffeine product. Soft drinks, milk tea, and

energy drinks also resulted as their other options.

2. Why do you consume products that contains caffeine?

18 out of 28 respondents reasoned out that caffeine consumption restores, gives, or

keeps you energized, active and awake. The remaining 10 each answered differently,

one said “It’s delicious”, or “It’s my favorite.”

3. What are the dominating advantages and disadvantages of caffeine

consumption?

14 answered similar to the expected answer which is “It keeps you energized” and

disadvantages, a few answered Hypertension risk, Palpitation, Diabetes, and Affecting

Sleeping Pattern.

15
 4. Have you been diagnosed of any illness because of products containing

caffeine?

According to the data gathered, the expected answer weren’t the respondents’

answers, only 3 answered “yes”, and “no” prevailed as the answer of the remaining 25.

5.2 Conclusion

Based from the findings, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The most prevailing caffeine containing products that students consume is coffee.

Some of them consume milk tea, soft drinks, energy drinks and chocolate.

2. The main reason why they consume those products is to stay awake and energized

especially when doing their assigned tasks at school. Some said because “it taste

good”.

3. The students said that the advantages of consuming those products keeps them stay

awake, active, energized, be productive and it relieve stress and keeps you relaxed.

The disadvantage is it can because negative effects to the health such as hyper

acidity, heart burn, palpitation, high and low blood pressure, diabetes, and not being

dole to sleep on time.

4. Out of 28 respondents, 24 of them said that they are not diagnosed of any illness

because of products containing caffeine but one of them said that he/she gets angry

and gets irritated easily. And the rest they’ve said yes, and they’ve suffer from UTI,

hypertension, and have an allergy in coffee.

16
5.3 Recommendation

The Researchers offer the following recommendation:

1. Eat high energy foods like apple, pumpkin seeds, dried fruits or a healthy body.

Beverages like coconut juice or pineapple juice cleanses the body. Or by drinking

minimal amount of caffeine won’t be a restriction but still limit and look after the

dosage.

2. Switch your coffee to herbal tea. Ginseng teas and natural herbs still contain

caffeine but in a small amount than the coffee, these drinks also come with good

and may benefit the body more, the taste are almost similar to the other drinks.

3. Listen to upbeat tracks to lift up your mood and energy. Instead of skin creams that

may glow the skin, listening to relaxing videos or music is a way of maintaining

good and relaxing lifestyle.

4. Drink enough amount of water to help your body parts function well. Water also

suffices the energy even though it doesn’t contain any caffeine. It also

rehydrates/flushes caffeine out of the body; in a one cup of coffee, one glass of

water could cleanse it.

17
BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. ONLINE RESOURCES

1. Lara DR (2010); Faculdade de Biociências, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

drlara@pucrs.br; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20164571

2. Steven E. Meredith, Laura M. Juliano, John R. Hughes,, and Roland R. Griffiths

(2010); https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3777290/

3. By Mayo Clinic Staff (2017); https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-

lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/caffeine/art-20045678

4. M Al Safadi, M Sunna (2011); https://www.

researchgate.net/publication/283510156_Prevalence

_of_caffeine_consumption_and_its_consequences_among_JU_students

B. BOOKS

1. Namanjeet Ahluwalia Kirsten Herrick; Caffeine Intake from Food and Beverage

Sources and Trends among Children and Adolescents in the United States:

Review of National Quantitative Studies from 1999 to 2011;

Advances in Nutrition, Volume 6, Issue 1, 1 January 2015, Pages 102–

111,https://doi.org/10.3945/an.114.007401; Published: 07 January 2015

18
2. Holly Kreis (2015); Exploring Caffeine Consumption Factors for College

Students; from the Malone University Honors Program Adviser: Dr. Debra Lee

November 17, 2015.

3. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2016, 7, 30-36 Published Online January 2016 in

SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/fns http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2016.71004

Andreza Gomes Penafort1, Isabella Barbosa Pereira Carneiro2, Antônio Augusto

Ferreira Carioca2, Maria Olganê Dantas Sabry2, Francisco José Maia Pinto2,

Helena Alves de Carvalho Sampaio2* 1 University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil

2 State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil Received 25 November 2015;

19
DOCUMENTATION

 First respondents from Grade 11 STEM A answering the questionnaires

peacefully and organizely.

20
 Another 7 respondents from Grade 11 STEM B giving out their answers actively.

21
 Grade 11 STEM C answering the questionnaires honestly.

22
*The remaining 7 respondents from Grade 11 STEM D maintaining order and honesty in

answering the questionnaire.

23
APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

Transcription of Data

Q1: What are the prevailing products you Q2: Why do you consume products
consumed regularly that contains caffeine? that contains caffeine?
Expected Answer: Coffee Expected Answer: To stay Active
Respondent # Similar Others Similar Others
1 Coffee To energize my brain Keeps me
awake
2 Coffee To be energized
3 Cola It’s delicious
4 Soft drinks, It tastes
energy drinks good,
refreshing
5 Coffee Keeps me awake
6 Coffee Tea Keeps me awake
7 Soft drinks Stay energized
8 Soft drinks To gain energy
9 Coffee To be active I like the
taste
10 Coffee To make me awake
11 Coffee Avoid
fatigue
12 Coffee Stay active
13 Coffee Keep me awake
14 Coffee Stay awake
15 Coffee Boost your energy
16 Coffee Soft drinks, Taste good
energy drinks
17 Milk tea, soft Refreshment
drinks
18 Coffee Keeps you Hyper
19 Coffee Makes you energized
20 Coffee Keeps you awake
21 Coffee It’s nice
22 Coffee Soft drinks Satisfy
cravings
23 Coffee Addicted
24 Coffee Soft drinks Boosts your energy
25 Coffee Soft drinks Boost energy

24
 26 Milk tea, soft My favorite
drinks
27 Energy drinks For energy
28 Coffee Milk tea refreshing
Figure 4 Table of Transcription of Data
Q3: What are the dominating advantages and Q4: Have you been diagnosed
disadvantages of caffeine consumption? of any illness because of
products containing caffeine?
Expected Answer: Advantage: to be energized Expected Answer: Yes
Disadvantage: anxiety
Respondent # Similar Others Similar Others
1 Mental No
stimulation,
heart burn
2 To be energized Palpitation Yes
3 It makes me None
strong
4 Makes you alert No
and productive,
insomnia
5 Diabetes, low No
blood pressure
makes you calm
6 Makes you No
hyper
7 Affects your No
sleeping
pattern.
8 Could lead to Yes
some illness
9 To be active, Palpitation, No
keeps me awake sickness
10 Help me focus No
11 Keeping you None
energized
12 Stay awake Hypertensive Yes, blood
risks hypertension
13 Makes you Blood No
awake hypertension
14 Helps you start No
your day
15 Palpitation, No
increases
hormones

25
 16 For pleasure No
Develops illness
17 Stress reliever No
18 Diabetes No
19 Keeps you No
awake
20 To be energized No
21 Keeps you Palpitate No
awake
22 Keeps you Can affect our No
awake body
23 Energize the May cause None
body illness
24 Keeps you Relieves stress Yes, allergic to
awake Palpitation coffee
25 Keeps you No
relaxed, makes
you nervous
26 Helps to gain No
weight, blood
sugar increase
27 Restores energy Unable to sleep No
28 Keeps you Increases No
awake energy
Figure 5

26
APPENDIX B

Narrative Analysis

1. What are the prevailing products you consumed regularly that contains

caffeine?

Respondent #1: Coffee

Respondent #2: Coffee

Respondent #3: Soft-drinks

Respondent #4: Soft-drinks, energy drink

Respondent #5: Coffee

Respondent #6: Coffee

Respondent #7: Soft-drinks

Respondent #8: Soft-drinks

Respondent #9: Coffee

Respondent #10: Coffee

Respondent #11: Coffee

Respondent #12: Coffee

Respondent #13: Coffee

Respondent #14: Coffee

27
Respondent #15: Coffee

Respondent #16: Coffee, Soft-drinks and Energy-drinks

Respondent #17: Milk tea, Soft-drinks

Respondent #18: Coffee

Respondent #19: Coffee

Respondent #20: Coffee

Respondent #21: Coffee

Respondent #22: Coffee, Soft-drinks

Respondent #23: Coffee

Respondent #24: Coffee, Soft-drinks

Respondent #25: Coffee, Soft-drinks

Respondent #26: Milk tea, Soft-drinks

Respondent #27: Energy-drinks

Respondent #28: Coffee, Milk-tea, Chocolates

28
 2. Why do you consume products that contains caffeine?

Respondent #1: To energize my brain and for me to keep awake especially when I’m

doing my assigned tasks in school.

Respondent #2: I consume products containing caffeine to keep to a wake and energize.

Respondent #3: It’s delicious

Respondent #4: Because it tastes good and refreshing

Respondent #5: To keep me energized and awake all the time.

Respondent #6: To keep me awake and energized

Respondent #7: To stay energized

Respondent #8: To gain energy

Respondent #9: I like the taste and it helps me to be active and to avoid sleepiness

during night time.

Respondent #10: To make me stay awake

Respondent #11: To avoid fatigue and to keep me awake

Respondent #12: To keep me awake and active

Respondent #13: Dahil nakakatulong ito upang hindi tayo antukin sa paggawa ng mga

takdang aralin o mga proyekto. (Because it helps us to stay awake when doing

homeworks and projects)

29
Respondent #14: It helps me to stay awake especially when I am making my

requirements/assignments at night.

Respondent #15: For me to stay awake when doing school stuffs and also to boost our

energy

Respondent #16: Because of course, it tastes good an keeps me energized

Respondent #17: I consume products that contains caffeine because for me it serves as

refreshment.

Respondent #18: It helps me to stay awake during review. It makes me hyper

Respondent #19: it keeps me awake and energized.

Respondent #20: Because it keeps me awake.

Respondent #21: Because it’s so nice.

Respondent #22: To satisfy cravings.

Respondent #23: Because I’m addicted to the taste.

Respondent #24: Because it boosts my energy.

Respondent #25: I don’t know, maybe it boosts my energy and to keep me awake and

alert the whole day.

Respondent #26: Because it’s my favorite and it gives me energy.

Respondent #27: For energy.

30
Respondent #28: Because the coffee keeps me awake, milk-tea keeps me refresh and

chocolates makes me energized.

3. What are the dominating advantages and disadvantages of caffeine

consumption?

Respondent #1: Advantages are mental stimulation and brain awakening. Disadvantages

are, sugar-rush, heart burn, hyper acidity and palpitation

Respondent #2: Advantage is that it helps me stay awake. Disadvantage is palpitation.

Respondent #3: Advantage is it makes me strong.

Respondent #4: Advantages are, it makes me awake and productive and the

disadvantage is that too much caffeine can cause sleep disorder.

Respondent #5: Advantage is it makes me calm. Disadvantages are it causes diabetes

and can lower blood pressure.

Respondent #6: Advantages are it keeps me awake and hyper. Disadvantages are, it can

cause diabetes and can lower blood pressure.

Respondent #7: Advantage is it can keep you awake but it can also cause insomnia.

Respondent #8: Disadvantage is it can lead to some illnesses.

Respondent #9: Advantages are it keeps me awake and active. Disadvantages are, it

causes palpitations and some sickness.

Respondent #10: Advantage ay para maging focus sa mga ginagawa ko kahit pagod at

inaantok na ako. Disadvantage ay hindi agad nakakatulog at maaring makasama sa

31
kalusugan. (Advantage is to be focus in anything I do even when I,m tired and sleepy.

Disadvantage is that I can’t sleep and it’s kinda bad for our health.)

Respondent #11: Advantage is it makes me energized and the disadvantage is it can

cause some complications.

Respondent #12: Advantage is it keeps me awake and the disadvantages are

hypertensive risks.

Respondent #13: Advantage is it keeps me awake. Disadvantage is it causes high blood

pressure

Respondent #14: Advantage is it helps me start my day active. Disadvantage is it causes

hypertension

Respondent #15: Advantages are, it can boost our energy. Disadvantage is palpitation.

Respondent #16: Advantages are most of caffeine consumption is for pleasure.

Disadvantages maybe if there is too much consumption it develops illnesses.

Respondent #17: Sometimes consuming these products makes us/helps us relieved from

stress but if we consume it without limitation it is bad to our health.

Respondent #18: The advantages of these are it helps me to finish my assignments,

activities and requirements. It helps me not to sleep early. The disadvantages are ruining

or destroying my health. It gives me or we bind of sickness like diabetes, high blood and

etc.

Respondent #19: the advantage is it keeps you awake if you consume a product with

caffeine. The disadvantages are, it affects some of the function of your heart.

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Respondent #20: The advantages of it is, it keeps me energize and active but it gives

negative effect to your body after consuming too much caffeine.

Respondent #21: The advantage is it keeps you awake and the disadvantage is it can

palpitate you.

Respondent #22: It can keep you awake and the disadvantage is that consuming too

much caffeine can affect some parts of our body.

Respondent #23: Advantage is that I have energy to do activity. Disadvantage may cause

illness.

Respondent #24: Pros are it relieves stress, keeps you awake. And the con is palpitation.

Respondent #25: Pros are it relieves stress, it keeps you relaxed, keeps you awake or

alert. The cons are palpitation it makes me you more nervous, and diabetes.

Respondent #26: It helps to gain weight, and blood sugar increase.

Respondent #27: Advantage is it will restore energy. Disadvantage is you cannot slip.

Respondent #28: The dominating advantage is it keeps you awake and when you’re

sleepy and the disadvantages is sugar high or super active that it’s so hard to control.

4. Have you been diagnosed of any illness because of products containing

caffeine?

Respondent #1: No

Respondent #2: Yes, specifically UTI (urinary tract infection)

Respondent #3: None so far.

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Respondent #4: No

Respondent #5: No

Respondent #6: No

Respondent #7: No

Respondent #8: Yes

Respondent #9: No

Respondent #10: No, not yet

Respondent #11: None

Respondent #12: Yes. Hypertension

Respondent #13: No

Respondent #14: No. I haven’t, not yet

Respondent #15: Not yet

Respondent #16: No, I haven’t.

Respondent #17: Not yet.

Respondent #18: No, but I can sense myself. Sometimes I’ve become angry just because

of small things. Being irritated.

Respondent #19: Not yet.

Respondent #20: Not yet.

Respondent #21: No
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Respondent #22: No

Respondent #23: None

Respondent #24: Yes, because I’m allergic to coffee.

Respondent #25: No

Respondent #26: Not yet, No

Respondent #27: No

Respondent #28: No!

35
APPENDIX C

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES
Vigan City

Office of the Laboratory Schools-Senior High School

Website: www.unp.edu.ph Mail: unpseniorhighschoolaffairs@gmail.com
Mobile Phone Number: 0917-816-46-00

November 08, 2018

Dear Respondent,

Greetings!

We are the students of the Grade 12 Science, Technology, Engineering and

Mathematics who is presently conducting a study entitled “THE PREVALENCE OF

CAFFEINE INTAKE AMONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF

UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES”.

In this regard, may we humbly solicit your cooperation and honest assessment in

accomplishing the attached questionnaire. Your response will definitely contribute to the

success of this endeavor. Rest assured that all data gathered in the said study will be treated

with utmost confidentiality.

We hope for your favorable response on this matter. Thank You.

Very yours truly,

JENINNA MARIE LANGGAM

36
JESSY BAÑAGA

EZMAVETH GAMBALA

KRISTENE ANNE DULA

Researchers

Noted:

RAINALDA T. RAMBUYON, Ed. D.

Research Adviser

37
APPENDIX D

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES
Vigan City

Office of the Laboratory Schools-Senior High School

Website: www.unp.edu.ph Mail: unpseniorhighschoolaffairs@gmail.com
Mobile Phone Number: 0917-816-46-00

Name (optional): ________________________ Age: _________

Grade & Section: ____________________ Sex: _________

Directions: Answer the following questions:

1. What are the prevailing products you consumed regularly that contains caffeine?

2. Why do you consume products that contains caffeine?

3. What are the dominating advantages and disadvantages of caffeine consumption?

4. Have you been diagnosed of any illness because of products containing caffeine?

38
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL BACKGROUND

Name: Jessy A. Bañaga

Address: Tamag, Vigan City Ilocos Sur 2700

Age: 17

Birthdate: November 27, 2000

Sex: Male

Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Citizenship: Filipino

II. FAMILY BACKGROUND

Father: Juanito B. Bañaga

Mother: Teresa A. Bañaga

Siblings: Juester A. Bañaga, Jaybjay A. Bañaga, Jeoffrey A. Bañaga

III. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary Level: Laboratory Schools

Tamag, Vigan City Ilocos Sur

Primary Level: Vigan Central School

Cuta, Vigan City Ilocos Sur

39
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL BACKGROUND

Name: Kristene Anne T. Dula

Address: Namalpalan, Magsingal Ilocos Sur

Age: 17

Birthdate: December 1, 2000

Sex: Female

Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Citizenship: Filipino

II. FAMILY BACKGROUND

Father: Joel Dula

Mother: Louvell Dula

Siblings: Joedel Dula

III. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary Level: The Magsingal Institute

San Lucas Magsingal Ilocos Sur

Primary Level: Namalpalan Elementary School

Namalpalan Magsingal Ilocos Sur

40
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL BACKGROUND

Name: Ezmaveth G. Gambala

Address: Balidbid, Salcedo, Ilocos Sur 2711

Age: 17

Birthdate: May 26, 2001

Sex: Female

Status: Single

Religion: Pentecostal Free Will Baptist Church Inc.

Citizenship: Filipino

II. FAMILY BACKGROUND

Father: Roberto G. Gambala

Mother: Vinia G. Gambala

Sibling: Abigail G. Gambala

III. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary Level: Salcedo National High School

Poblacion Norte, Salcedo, Ilocos Sur

Primary Level: Salcedo Central School

Poblacion Sur, Salcedo, Ilocos Sur

41
CURRICULUM VITAE

I. PERSONAL BACKGROUND

Name: Jeninna Marie R. Langgam

Address: Naglaoa-an Sto. Domingo Ilocos Sur

Age: 17

Birthdate: December 25, 2000

Sex: Female

Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Citizenship: Filipino

II. FAMILY BACKGROUND

Father: Jenor M. Langgam

Mother: Rosemarie R. Ramos

Siblings: Lenard Ross R. Gamutan

III. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Secondary Level: Naglaoa-an National High School

Naglaoa-an, Sto. Domingo Ilocos Sur.

Primary Level: Naglaoa-an Elementary School

Naglaoa-an, Sto. Domingo Ilocos Sur

42