RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF AREATOR & FLASH MIXER

MULTI VILLAGE WATER SUPPLY SCHEME TO HANDIGANUR & OTHER

19 VILLAGES IN BELGAUM TALUKA OF BELGAUM DISTRICT
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF AREATOR

MULTI VILLAGE WATER SUPPLY SCHEME TO HANDIGANUR & OTHER
19 VILLAGES IN BELGAUM TALUKA OF BELGAUM DISTRICT

Structural design of areator ,Circular Beam ,Slab

1 DATA
Design of floor slab Areator grade σst
15 5
Permissible stress in steel 20 7
25 8.5

Grade of concrete = M 25
Grade of steel = = Fe415

Permissible stress in concrete s cbc = = 8.5 N/mm2

Permissible stress in steel sst = = 230 N/mm2
m= 230/(3* s cbc) = 280/(3* 8.5) = 10.98
k=m s cbc)/(mσcbc+σst) = 10.98* 8.5/(10.98* 8.5+ 230) = 0.29
j=1-k/3 = 1-0.29/3 = 0.90
Q=1/2*σcbc*k*j = 0.5* 8.5*0.29*0.90 = 1.11

1 slab of Areator
Diameter of Areator = = 3600 mm
Thickness of Beam Below the Slab = = 250 mm
Thickness of slab = = 150 mm
Effective depth =D-clear cover = 150-20 = 130 mm
c/c of supports = 3600+ 250 = 3850 mm
depth of the slab= 1/40 x span = (1/40)* 3850 = 96.25 mm
say 100 = 100 mm
Effective depth = 100-20 = 80 mm
clear span+effective depth = 3600+ 80 = 3680 mm
radius = 3680/2 = 1840 mm

load calculations:
live load = 1000 N/m2
self weight = ( 100/1000)*1*1*25000 = 2500 N/m2
finishing load = 250 N/m2

The Dia Shaft 600 mm

Thickness of the Shaft 150 mm
3.142/4*(( 900/1000* 900/1000-
600/1000* 600/1000))*
Wt of the Shaft 1.20000000000005*2500 1060.43 Kg/m

2 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

Weght of Cascade
1St Cascade
External Diameter of cascade = 1.5 m
Internal Dia of Cascade = 0.9 m
lip of the Areator Level = 779.558
Top Level of Bottom Slab = 778.358
Thickness of cascade = 779.558- 778.358 1.2 m
3.142/4*( 1.5* 1.5- .9* .9)*(
st
Wt of I cascade = 1.2)*2400 3257.63 Kg

Weght of 2nd Cascade

2St Cascade
External Diameter of cascade = 2.1 m
Internal Dia of Cascade = 1.5 m
Top Level of Cascade = 779.258
Top Level of Bottom Slab = 778.358
Thickness of cascade = 779.258-778.358 0.9 m
3.142/4*( 2.1* 2.1- 1.5* 1.5)*(
st
Wt of II cascade = .9)*2400 3664.83 Kg

Weght of 3rd Cascade

3St Cascade
External Diameter of cascade = 3.9 m
Internal Dia of Cascade = 2.7 m
lip of the Areator Level = 778.958
Top Level of Bottom Slab = 778.358
Thickness of cascade = 778.958-778.358 0.6 m
3.142/4*( 3.9* 3.9- 2.7* 2.7)*(
Wt of III cascade = .6)*2400 8958.47 Kg

Weight of Water
External Dia 3.90 m
Internal Dia 2.70 m
3.142/4*(3.90*3.90-
Weight of the Water = 2.70*2.70)*0.075*1000 466.59 Kg

Thickness of the Slab = 1/40 x span 3600/40 90 mm

Say 130.000 mm
Weight of Slab 3308.53 kg

1000+ 2500+
Total load = 250+3308.53+466.59+8958.47+3 = 24466.463 KG
664.83+3257.63+1060.43
2
Load per meter 24033.66 N/m

Bending Moments:

3 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

Positive Radial Moment at the centre

(((3/16)*24033.66* 1840*
3/16 *Total load * r2 = 15256.57 N-m
1840/(1000*1000)))

Positive circumferential Moment at the centre

(((3/(16*1000*1000))*24033.66*
3/16 *Total load * r2
= 1840* 1840)) 15256.57 N-mt

Negative circumferential Moment at the support

(((2/(16*1000*1000))*24033.66*
3/16 *Total load * r2
= 1840* 1840)) 10171.05 N-mt
((SQRT((MAX(15256.57,15256.
57,10171.05))*1000/(1000*0.90)
D required = ))) 129.93 mm
say overall depth = 150 mm
Effective depth (de) = 150-20 130 mm
Adopt Depth as = 150 mm
de = 150-20 130 mm
Reinforcement details
Main steel for Radial moment ((15256.57*1000)/( 230*0.90*
2
Ast =M*1000/(σst*j*d) = 130)) 564.58 mm
using bar diam = 12 mm
2
c/s area of bar=22/7*d*d = (((22/7)* 12* 12/4)) 113.143 mm
spacing of mm bars =ast*1000/(Ast) = ((113.143*1000/564.58)) 200.40 mm
say = 150 mm
Maximum spacing
1 3*de = 3* 130 390 mm
2 450 = 450 mm
So adopt a spacing = 150 mm

Hence adopt 12mm bars at 150mm c/c in the form of mesh in each of the two layers at right angles to each other.

secondary steel:
Main steel used in the either direction is greater than 0.12% of the concrete section. Therefore no need of secondary steel.

2
Minimum steel=0.12 x1000 xd = 0.12* 150*1000/100 180 mm

Main steel for circumferential ((10171.05*1000/( 230*0.90*

2
momentat the supports = 130))) 376.38 mm
using bar diam = 10 mm
c/s area of bar=22/7*d*d = (22/7)* 10* 10/4 78.572 mm2
spacing of bars = ( 78.572*1000/376.38) 208.755 mm
adopt spacing as = 200 mm
Development length for M15 & Fe415 Combination=57*bar diameter
since the circumferential moment is 2/3 of maximum moment at the centre, the circumferential steel
is to be provided for a length=(2/3)*57*bar diameter
= (2/3)*57* 10 380 mm
No of rings = 3.000 nos.
SAY 4.000
Hence provide 4 rings of 10mm diameter at 200mm c/c

4 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

Assume Dimension of the Ring Beam

L = 250 mm
B = 380 mm

3.142* 3600/1000* 250/1000*

Self Weight of the Ring Beam = 380/1000*2500 2686.41 Kgs
Load From Slab = 24466.463 24466.46 Kgs
Total Load = (2686.41+24466.46)*10 271528.73 N

Let us provide = 6 No of Column

No Of Columns Bending M BM @ Center Torsion

4 0.0342 0.0176 0.053
6 0.0143 0.0075 0.0015
8 0.0083 0.00416 0.0006
10 0.0054 0.0023 0.0003

Bending M BM @ Center Torsion

6 No of column = 0.0143 0.0075 0.0015

Maximum negative bending moment 0.0143 x W x R

.0143*271528.73* 3600/2/1000 6989.15 N-m

Maximum positive bending moment 0.0075 x W x R

.0075*271528.73* 3600/2/1000 3665.64 N-m

Torsion 0.0015 x W x R
.0015*271528.73* 3600/2/1000 733.13 N-m
Shear force at support
= W/2 x No. of column
271528.73/(2*4) 33941.09
Design at support section
M = 6989.149
T = 733.13
S = 33941.09

Depth of the beamequating

requiredmoment
= of resistance to Bending Moment

SQRT((6989.15*1000/(118*
d=√(BM/(118*B] = 250)))*10 153.92 CM
Provided Depth 400 mm
Effective Depth = 365.00 mm
Equivalent shear force
Se = S + 1.6 (T / b)
33941.09+1.6*(733.13/ 250) 33945.78

5 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

Equivalent nominal shear stress

q ve = Se / bd
33945.78/( 250* 380) 0.36 N/mm2
Longitudinal reinforcement
Equivalent bending moment
Me1 = M + Mt
Mt = T (1 + (D/b)) 1060.88 N/mm2
1.70

Me1 = 6989.149+1060.88 8050.0 N/mm2

Required Reinforcement
Ast = ME1/ σst x Q x d = 8050.0/(150*1.11*365.00/1000) 132.61 mm2

using bar diam = 10 mm

c/s area of bar=22/7*d*d = (((22/7)* 10* 10/4)) 78.571 mm2
No of Bar Requred = 132.61/78.571 1.69 Nos
say = 3 Nos

Transverse reinforcement
Fig shows the section of beam showing position of reinforcement
Distance between C/C of bars parallel to width b1= 250-40*2 = 170 mm
Distance between C/C of bars parallel to depth d1= 300 mm

Area of section of stirrups

Aw = __ _T x p______ + ___S x p_____
B1 x d1 x σst 2.5 x d1 x σst

Provide 8 mm 2 LVS stirrups

Area 50.27 mm2
Spacing require = 255.4180
Say 200 mm

6 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

DESIGN OF COLUMN

Data
1 Total Load from the slab = 271528.73 N

2 Dimension of the Column

L = 230 mm
B = 300 mm
H = 3000 mm
Load of the Column 5175 N
Nos 6
Total Load due to coumn 5175* 6 31050 N

Total Load = 31050+271528.73 302578.73 N

Load Coming on single column = 302578.73/ 6 50429.79 N

50.43 KN

7 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

X
Design of braced column
COLUMN MEMBER: Column A1 Y Y XD
Member Properties
X
UNSUPPORTED LENGTH OF COLUMN ABOUT X 2700 mm YD
UNSUPPORTED LENGTH OF COLUMN ABOUT Y 2700 mm
DEPTH OF COLUMN SECTION (YD) 250 mm
WIDTH OF COLUMN SECTION (XD) 250 mm
CLEAR COVER TO SEC. REINFORCEMENT 25 mm >=30, for moderate exposure condition
BAR DIA (stirrup) 8 mm >=6mm
BAR DIA (main steel) 12 mm >=12mm
EFFECTIVE COVER 31.00 mm
LOAD FACTOR 1.50
Forces Forces - factored
Axial force 50.43 KN 75.6447 KN
Moment about Major axis (Mx) 1.00 KN-m 1.5 KN-m
Moment about Minor axis (My) 2.00 KN-m 3 KN-m
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
CONCRETE M 25
STEEL Fy 415
CALCULATION OF AXIAL LOAD AT BALANCE POINT (Pb) nos dia p
PERCENTAGE STEEL P 1.09 >=0.8 6 12 1.08518
p/fck 0.043
d'/D 0.124
(k1)z 0.196
(k2)z 0.203
d'/b 0.124
(k1)y 0.196 equal reft on four sides

(k2)y 0.203
Puz 906.60 KN
(Pb)z 320.02 KN
(Pb)y 320.02 KN
CALCULATION OF TOTAL DESIGN FORCES (KN-m)
DESIGN AXIAL LOAD ON COLUMN (KN) 75.64
About X About Y

INITIAL MOMENTS 1.500 3.000

MIN. ECCENTRICITY (mm) 20.000 20.000
MOMENTS DUE TO MIN. ECCENTICITY 1.513 1.513
SLENDERNESS RATIOS 10.800 10.800
MOMENTS DUE TO SLENDERNESS EFFECTS 0.000 0.000
MOMENT REDUCTION FACTORS 1.000 1.000 Short column about both
ADDITIONAL MOMENTS 0.000 0.000 axis

DESIGN MOMENTS 1.513 3.000

CHECK FOR ADEQUACY OF SECTION
Pu/Puz 0.083
px/fck 0.043
Pu/fckbD 0.048
d'/D 0.124 Muz1/fckbD2 0.08
Muz1 31.25
py/fck 0.043
d'/b 0.124 Muy1/fckDb2 0.075
Muy1 29.2969 Mux/Mux1 0.048
an 1.000
(Muz/Muz1)an 0.048 Muy/Muy1 0.102
(Muy/Muy1)an 0.102
(Muz/Muz1)an+(Muy/Muy1)an 0.151
<1.0, SAFE
AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED= 678.24 mm^2 Spacing of stirrups
Provide 8 Y 20 2513.28 mm^2 16*db 192
4.02125 % b 250 <=300
Provide Y 8 192 c/c

8 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

DESIGN OF BI-AXIAL ISOLATED RCC FOOTING (IS 456, 2000)

Building Name
Footing Number: C1
Node number 1
;;
COLUMN
Length (l, dim. || Z axis ) = 250 mm
global
Breadth (b, dim. || X axis) = 250 mm X
Breadth 1.4 m
FOOTING
Foot length (L, dim. || Z axis) = 1.4 m global
global
Z
Foot Breadth (B, dim. || X axis) = 1.4 m Z
Thickness of footing (t) = 230 mm
global
Clear cover of footing = 50 mm
X
Main bar dia of footing = 10 mm
Effective depth of footing = 175 mm Length 1.4 m
Selfweight of the footing = 11.27 KN Footing Dimensions
2
Area of Footing(A) = 1.96 m
3
Sect mod of foot about Z axis (Zz) = 0.46 m
3
Sec mod of foot about X axis (Zx) = 0.46 m

MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
2
Grade of concrete fck = 25 N/mm
2
Grade of steel fy = 415 N/mm

CHECK FOR GROSS BEARING PRESSURE

2
Safe NET bearing pressure = 150 KN/m
3
Safe gross bearing pr. = 173.37 KN/m (net pr. + depth of foot * soil unit wt)
Unfactored load case number = 2
Axial load from output (P1) = 50.43 KN
Moment about Z axis (Mz) = 1 KN-m
Moment about X axis (Mx) = 1.2 KN-m
Depth of top of foot. from ground = 1 m
3
Unit wt of soil = 19 KN/m
Weight of soil retained above foot = 36.05 KN
P = (P1+soil+foot self wt) = 97.75 KN
2 P My Mx
Maximum bearing pressure = 54.68 KN/m ± ±
Minimum bearing pressure = 45.06 KN/m
2 A Zy Zx
Hence footing is safe against max gross bearing pr.

DESIGN FORCES
Factored load comb. no. 1
Axial load:(Pu) = 50.43 KN
Moment about Z axis (Muz) = 1.2 KN-m
Moment about X axis (Mux) = 1 KN-m
Maximum effective soil pressure pe max
2
( Pu/Area+ Muz/Zz + Mux/Zx) = 30.54 KN/m
Minimum effective soil pressure pe min
2
( Pu/Area - Muz/Zz - Mux/Zx) = 20.92 KN/m
Design of footing is done using above maximum effective soil pressure

HANDIGANUR OTHER
9 19 VILLAGES
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

CALCULATION FOR BOTTOM STEEL

Mu about X1 X1 = ( pe max x length2/2)= 5.05 KN-m per meter
Mulimit =
0.5 f ck é 4 .6 M u ù
105.73 KN-m per meter
Ast = ê1 - 1 - úbd The section is singly reinforced
fy êë f ck bd 2 úû

Hence, Ast = 80.560 mm

2

Min Ast = 210.000 mm (0.12 % for slab, cl 26.5.2.1)

2

Spacing = 374.00 mm (considering max of above two calculated values of Ast)

pt provided = 0.12 %
Hence provide 10 mm dia bar @ 373 mm c/c parellel to length of footing ( || to Z)

Mu about N1 N1 = ( pe max x length2/2)= 5.05 KN-m per meter

Calc. Ast = 80.560 mm The section is singly reinforced
2

Min Ast = 210 mm (0.12 % for slab, cl 26.5.2.1)

2

Spacing = 374.00 mm (considering max of above two calculated values of Ast)

pt provided = 0.12 %
Hence provide 10 mm dia bar @ 373 mm c/c parellel to breadth of footing ( || to X)
Arrangement of bottom reinforcement as per above design is shown below

10 mm dia bar @ 373 mm c/c

10 mm dia bar @ 373 mm c/c

1 1

Footing Length 1400 mm Breadth 1400 mm

HANDIGANUR OTHER
10 19 VILLAGES
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

Sec 1-1

425 250
425
L1 X1 X

a a

Z Z
N1 N1
a a

L2 L2

400 X1 X
L1 Breadth 1400 mm
250
Footing Length 1400 mm 400
PLAN

X- Direction 10 mm dia bar @ 373 mm c/c Say 150 10 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c
Y -Direction 10 mm dia bar @ 373 mm c/c Say 150 10 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c
CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR :
One way shear at critical section L1- L1
Distance of critical sec. from edge of footing = 0.4 m
Shear force Vs =pe max x 0.4 x 1m width of footing = 12.216 KN
2
Shear stresstv = Vs/bd = 0.070 N/mm
2
tc = 0.26 N/mm
tv < tc hence O.K.

One way shear at critical section L2- L2

Distance of critical sec. from edge of footing = 0.4 m
Shear force Vs =pe max x 0.4 x 1m width of footing = 12.216 KN
2
Shear stresstv = Vs/bd = 0.070 N/mm
2
tc = 0.26 N/mm
tv < tc hence O.K.

CHECK FOR TWO WAY SHEAR

Ref. cl 34.2.4 and cl.31.6.3 of IS 456 : 2000
Allowable shear stress tv allowable = kstc
ks = ( 0.5 + bc) = 1.5 >1
Hence, ks= 1
2
tc = 0.25 (fck)0.5 = 1.25 N/mm
2
tv allowable = ks x tc = 1.25 N/mm

HANDIGANUR OTHER
11 19 VILLAGES
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

Shear force Vs = 30.539 ( 1.4 x 1.4 - 0.425 x 0.425) = 54.34 KN

Length of critical section = 2 x ( 425 + 425) = 1700 mm
2
Area of the critical section (length of critical sec x eff. d ) = 297500 mm
2
Hence shear stress tv = 0.183 N/mm
tv < allowable hence O.K.

along Yaxis

72.5

72

71.5
pressure

71

70.5

70

69.5

69

68.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

y = 1.2734x + 68.87 length

along Xaxis

73
72.5
72
pressure

71.5
71
70.5
70
69.5
69
68.5
68
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

breadth

y = -1.6686x + 72.631

HANDIGANUR OTHER
12 19 VILLAGES
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

DESIGN SUMMARY
1 Design of Slab
Thickness Required 150 mm
2 Steel Required Hence adopt 12mm bars at 150mm c/c in the form of mesh in
each of the two layers at right angles to each other.

3 Circumferential Steel = Hence provide 4 rings of 10mm diameter at 200mm

c/c

2 Ring Beam
Size
B = 250 mm
D = 380 mm
Main Steel
Dia of Bars = 10 mm
No of Bars = 3 Nos
Stirrups
Bar Dia = 8 mm
Spacing = 200 mm

3 Column
Size Of Column
B = 250 mm
D = 250 mm
Main Reinforcement
Bar Dia = 12 mm
No Of Bars = 6 Nos
Stirrups
Bar Dia = 8 mm
Spacing = 192 mm C/C

4 Footing
Size
L = 1.4 m
B = 1.4 m
D = 230 mm

Bars required X- Direction = 10 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c

Bars required Y- Direction = 10 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c

13 AEC BGM
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF FLASH MIXER

14
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF FLASH MIXER

Design of circular wall:

Materials used
Concrete = M25
Steel = Fe 415
Permissible stresses
1 Tensile stress in steel = 130 N/mm2
2 In concrete relating to resistance to cracking
a)Direct tension = 1.3 N/mm2
b)Tension due to bending = 1.8 N/mm2
c)Shear = 1.8 N/mm2
3 In concrete in compression
a)bending = 8.5 N/mm2
b)Direct = 6 N/mm2

m = (280/(3* 8.5)) = 10.981

10.981* 8.5/( 10.981* 8.5+
k = 130) 0.42
j = 1-0.42/3 0.86
Q = 0.5* 8.5*0.42*0.86 1.53
Thickness of wall:
This shall not be less than the following:
1 150mm (minimum)
2 30mm per metre depth+50mm
3 to limit the tensile stress in concrete
Adopt thickness as = 0.2 m
Depth of the FLASH MIXER = 5.133 m
Internal Diamtere of the sum = 1.1 m

For height of 5.133

H /Dt
2
= ( 5.133* 5.133/( 1.1* .2)) 119.76

The coefficients for moments in cylindrical walls with fixed base, free top and subjected to traingular
load are given in the IS-3370(partIV):1967 upto a value of 16 only. For values beyond 16 no
coefficients are given.

So, it is assumed that walls cantilever up from the floor for the bottom H/4 or 1 metre whichever is
greater.
cantilevering height (H/4) = 5.133/4 1.28 m
Maximum hoop tension at this level per metre height (when tank is full and there is no soil outside )
10000*( 5.133-1.28)*0.5* 1.1
T= whD/2 = 21173.63 N

Maximum hoop tension steel = 21173.63/ 130 162.87404 mm2

0.22/100*(1000* .2)*1000
Minimum reinforcement required = 440 mm2
Minimum reinforcement on ach face 440/2 220
using bar diam = 8 mm
c/s area of bars = 3.14* 8* 8/4 50.24 mm2

15 AEC BGM
RWS & SD STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
HANDIGANUR OTHER
19 VILLAGES

( 50.24*1000/ 440)
spacing of 10mm bars(distribution steel) = 228.364 mm
( 228.364+10)
= Say 238.36 mm
Say 200
the tension steel is to be split in 2 faces
steel at each face = 162.874038461538/2 = 81.44 mm2
using bar diam = 10.00 mm
((22/7)*10.00*10.00/4)
c/s area of bars = 78.57 mm2
78.57*1000/81.44
spacing of bars = = 964.82 mm
say = 200 mm
Provide10 dia bars at 200mm c/c

Steel provided per metre height at each face = (201*1000/ 200) 1005 mm2

(21173.63/(1000*
Tensile stress in concrete : = 0.052 N/mm2
.2*1000+(13.33-1)* 1005))

As 0.052 N/mm2 < 1.2N/mm2.

hence provide a thickness of = 0.2 m

HENCE SAFE

16 AEC BGM