FLIR Systems DL004U-P

Advanced Thermal Solutions CIRRUS User Manual

CIRRUS
User Manual
 CIRRUS User Manual

1. Contents
1. Contents ...................................................................................... 2
2. List of figures .............................................................................. 3
3. License Agreement ...................................................................... 4
4. Introduction ................................................................................ 5
5. Notation ...................................................................................... 5
6. Electronic target Users ................................................................ 5
7. Hardware installation .................................................................. 6
8. User Interface ............................................................................. 7
8.1. Screens ............................................................................... 7
8.1.1. Standard Mode ..................................................................... 7
8.1.2. Advanced Mode .................................................................... 7
8.2. Features .............................................................................. 7
8.2.1. Non-Uniformity Correction (NUC) ............................................ 8
8.2.2. Frame Rate (F) ....................................................................16
8.2.3. Integration Time (It) ............................................................17
8.2.4. Auto Gain Control (AGC) .......................................................17
8.2.5. External Triggering...............................................................22
8.2.6. Sub-Windowing ...................................................................22
8.2.7. Image Information ...............................................................24
8.2.8. Freeze / Live Image .............................................................24
8.2.9. Save a single image .............................................................24
8.2.10. Toggle B&W palette ...........................................................25
8.2.11. Horizontal & Vertical Flip ....................................................25
8.2.12. Zoom & Reticule ...............................................................25
8.2.13. Color Palette ....................................................................25
8.2.14. Setup ..............................................................................26
8.2.15. Preferences ......................................................................28
8.2.16. Upload internal software ....................................................30
8.2.17. About ..............................................................................32
8.2.18. Status Bar .......................................................................33
8.3. Debug Mode ........................................................................34
8.3.1. Specific screen & menu .........................................................35
8.3.2. Command Line ....................................................................35
8.3.3. Protocol Tracer ....................................................................36
8.3.4. Debug Info ..........................................................................36
8.4. Options...............................................................................37
8.4.1. Filter Wheel .........................................................................37
8.4.2. Multiple integration time & Extended range .............................38

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2. List of figures
Figure 1: Standard User screen ................................................................. 7
Figure 2: Advanced User screen ................................................................ 7
Figure 3: NUC table selector ..................................................................... 8
Figure 4: NUC & BPR calculation ................................................................ 9
Figure 5: NUC & BPR Preferences .............................................................15
Figure 6: Frame Rate selector ..................................................................16
Figure 7: Integration Time editor ..............................................................17
Figure 8: AGC Preferences .......................................................................18
Figure 9: Gain & Offset controls ...............................................................22
Figure 10: Sub-Windowing editor .............................................................23
Figure 11: Statistics Image Information ....................................................24
Figure 12 : Set-up screen ........................................................................26
Figure 13: General Preferences ................................................................28
Figure 14: Temperature monitor ..............................................................28
Figure 15: Upload screen.........................................................................30
Figure 16: Status Bar ..............................................................................33
Figure 17: Debug main screen & menu .....................................................35
Figure 18: Command Line Screen .............................................................35
Figure 19: Protocol Tracer Screen .............................................................36
Figure 20: Filter Wheel screen..................................................................37
Figure 21: Filter Wheel screen without internal wheel on the camera ............37
Figure 22: Multiple Integration Time screen ...............................................38

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3. License Agreement
Cirrus Version 5
Copyright (C) 1989, 2008 FLIR Systems
All rights reserved

CIRRUS LICENSE

The CIRRUS program is protected by copyright law and international treaties as

well as by intellectual property laws and treaties. The CIRRUS program is
licensed, it cannot be sold.

LICENSE AGREEMENT

You are allowed to install one (1) copy of CIRRUS on a computer.

THE MAIN RIGHTS AND LIMITATIONS

Limitations relating to reverse engineering, decompiling and

disassembly.

You are not permitted to rebuild the program's logic, to decompile or

disassemble it.

Component separation

The Cirrus program must be considered as an integrated product. Its

components must not be separated for use on more than one computer.

The Cirrus program is an integral part of the computer it is supplied with. It can
only be used on this computer, except particular cases covered by agreement.

Rental

You are not allowed to rent or transfer the Cirrus program.

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4. Introduction
This document describes the windows software interface. This software is
designed to drive and manage the internal configuration of the camera. It’s
fully compatible with all types of FLIR Systems ATS product. To use it, you
need a FLIR Systems ATS product such as a camera or engine and additional
software: VirtualCam.

5. Notation
AGC Auto Gain Control
BB Black Body
DL Digital Level
FPA Focal Plane Array
IR InfraRed
BPR Bad Pixel Replacement
NUC Non Uniformity Correction
PC Personal Computer
ROI Region Of Interest

6. Electronic target Users

This software is compatible with the Cassiopea (Large format array up to
640*512), Pegasus (320*240 uncooled), and Carthage targets.

When Cirrus is operated on one of these electronics, the title of the window
shows the automatically detected version of the electronics.

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7. Hardware installation
Connect the camera to one of the serial communication port of your PC
computer or USB 2.0 or Camlink or GigE connector, depending on the hardware
configuration of the camera and switch on the power supply of the engine or
the camera.

Notes:
1) You can select any Serial Com on your computer; the system will
automatically detect which one is connected to the camera.

2) Only one camera can be connected to the PC simultaneously.

3) You have to wait at least for 20s before launching Cirrus from the
computer. This duration is required by the boot-up procedure of the
Cirrus system.

4) When you operate the Cirrus cards as an engine, the main power for
the system is 5 Volts and 2 Amps minimum. The voltage on the
boards must not be under 4.75 Volts. Under this value, the flash
memory is subject to data loss.

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8. User Interface
8.1. Screens

8.1.1. Standard Mode

In order to launch the Cirrus front-end, from “Start” menu, select “Programs”
then “Cirrus” then “Cirrus” option. The following screen will prompt.

Figure 1: Standard User screen

8.1.2. Advanced Mode

The “Advanced” button will give you access to the additional

commands, the following screen will prompt:

Figure 2: Advanced User screen

8.2. Features

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8.2.1. Non-Uniformity Correction (NUC)

Figure 3: NUC table selector

Non Uniformity Correction tables selection. This field allows activation of one of
the NUC & BPR tables, which were pre-stored in the flash memory.

Note: When we talk about NUC, it includes BPR (Bad Pixel Replacement) as
well.

Non-Uniformity Correction is Gain & Offset matrix tables archived in the Cirrus
Electronics to correct the non-uniformity of the image. These tables are stored
in a non-volatile memory and can be updated by the user.

The above window gives you one more choice: the “None” table. This table is
to see the output of the detector without any process. The NUC tables are
appended with the setup of the system used to operate this NUC. Frame Rate
(Hz), Integration Time (µs) and Filter selection are documented.

Gives access to the non-uniformity correction and bad pixel

replacement procedure, the following screen will prompt:

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Figure 4: NUC & BPR calculation

The NUC calculation software module allows calculation of the gain and offset
coefficient images in order to perform non-uniformity correction of the images.

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Three hardware tables are available from CIRRUS for storing up to three NUC
tables. The default table is Table 1, when CIRRUS boots after power up. It is
possible to change the active table in the main screen. When updating a NUC
table, the table to be modified is the active table.

The mechanism for update of the NUC coefficients requires that one or two
uniform temperature targets are available. These targets shall be placed in
front of the lens or in front of the dewar.

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8.2.1.1. Non-Uniformity Correction

Check this option to proceed to NUC. This option will calculate the new NUC
tables based on the classical two-point method. Two uniform temperature
targets (cold and hot source) have to be placed consecutively in front of the
array or in front of the lens. The software will prompt for placing the first
uniform source and later the second one.

TYPE:

2 point (gain &offset): When this option is activated the NUC module
will use the two-point correction method
(creation of the NUC, gain and offset matrix).

1 point (offset only): When this option is activated the NUC module
will use the one point correction function
(update of the offset matrix).

Keep previous Gain: When this option is activated with 1-point

correction, the previous gain is kept. Otherwise
the gain is 1.0 for all pixels

METHOD:

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Integration Time: The two points needed for calculating the
correction are obtained by changing the
integration time.

+/- 5%: Enabled when Integration time method is

selected, Cirrus will use two integration times at
+/-5% from the current integration time.

IT1 / IT2: Enabled when Integration time method is

selected, Cirrus will use the two integration
times entered in the fields

Black Body: The two points needed for calculating the

correction are obtained by placing a black body
in font of the lens of the camera.

BACKUP:

Save the Nuc: When this option is activated the NUC table will
be saved in the flash memory; it can take a
couple of seconds depending on the image
format.
Save Current NUC: Use this button to save the current Nuc into
non-volatile memory. The save status indicates
whether or not it has already been saved.

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8.2.1.2. Bad Pixel Replacement

Check this option to proceed to BPR. The bad pixel list is associated to each
NUC table. This option allows determining the bad pixel list and the
replacement pixels each time a NUC update is performed. 3 bad pixel tables
are available. Switching from one table to another can be done from the main
screen.

Reset the current list: The BPR list will be erased before proceeding to
the new BPR detection.

Update the current list: The BPR list will be kept and all the new Bad
Pixel detected will be added to the list.

Responsivity method…: Click this option to detect bad pixel by the

responsivity method. In this case the system
will consider pixel as bad if the gain coefficient
from the NUC table is lower or higher the
predefined percentage. For instance if the
threshold is 25 %, the system will determine
pixel as bad if gain < 0.75 and gain > 1.25.

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Offset method…: Click this option to detect bad pixel by the offset
method. In this case the system will consider
pixel as bad if the offset coefficient from the
NUC table is lower or higher the predefined
threshold. For instance if the threshold is 30%
and if the range of digitization is 16384DL, the
system will determine pixel as bad if offset < -
4915DL and offset > 4915DL.

Noise method…: Click this option to detect bad pixel by the noisy
method. In this case the system will consider
pixel as bad if the RMS noise is lower or higher
the predefined threshold. For instance if the
threshold is 3.5 and the mean and standard-
deviation of the noise image are respectively
5.0 and 1.0, the system will determine pixel as
bad if RMS noise > 8.5.
Accumulated Frames: Amount of frames processed to calculate the
noise.

When the specific “Auto update” option is activated, the system will
automatically recall this opto-electronic setup associated with its NUC.

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This button will prompt the following screen:

Figure 5: NUC & BPR Preferences

This screen is dedicated to NUC & BPR options:

Table Label: One label can be associated per table (for

instance: 1: Hot, 2: Cold & 3: fog).

Synchronize Freq./… table: When this option is ON and after a NUC table
selection, the system will synchronize
automatically the following internal parameters:
Frequency, Integration Time, Multi-Focal Lens
and Filter.
Warning if … not saved: When a table has been updated it is marked
with an “*” when not saved within the non-
volatile memory of the electronics.

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Auto Update Offset…: When used with our Uncooled line of IR

Camera, the system is equipped with an internal
shutter for 1 point NUC correction. When
activated, the system will update the NUC every
5 min.

NUC Config File: Save the camera NUC Configuration into a .nuc
file used in SATIR systems.

BPR File: Downloads to the PC or Upload to the camera

the bad pixels list into the selected the filename.
This file can be read using the BPR Viewer
utility.

NUC File: Downloads to the PC or upload to the camera

the current NUC into the selected the filename.
This file can be read using the NUC Viewer
utility.

8.2.2. Frame Rate (F)

Figure 6: Frame Rate selector

Frame Rate of the camera is in Hz. This feature allows control of the FPA frame
rate, in Hz. The lower the image format is (in sub-windowing mode), the higher
the frame rate can be. This window suggests standard frequency (25, 50, 100,
etc.) + the maximum frequency available by the system annotated with
(Max.).

The frequency can be input directly from the keyboard + “Enter” to validate
and apply it.

The maximum frame rate of the system depends on the detector type, the
image size and the integration time.

The “Max.” button when activated is selecting automatically the maximal

possible frame rate based on the previous criteria.

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Note: The analog video image is always displayed at standard video rate
(50Hz or 25Hz if CCIR or 60Hz or 30HZ if RS170).

8.2.3. Integration Time (It)

Figure 7: Integration Time editor

Integration time is in µs. This feature allows setting up the exposure time (or
the integration time) of the FPA.

The figure can be input directly from the keyboard + “Enter” to validate and
apply it.

8.2.4. Auto Gain Control (AGC)

Auto Gain Control. When this option is activated then both the gain and
offset are calculated in real time and the analog video image is updated
accordingly.

Note: it affects only the analog video output independently of the digital one.

The AGC hardware module from Cirrus uses a real time histogram chip to get
at each frame the scene parameters of interest. The output from the histogram
chip is read by the DSP processor to calculate the digital gain and offset values
for each frame.

The digital gain and offset features allows display of the image in live mode
with optimized contrast. The input digital data before digital gain and offset is
14 bits wide; it is transformed into 8 bits for display. The relation between
input pixel levels and output pixel levels is made according to the following
relation:

Output = Gain x (Input – Offset) where:

The gain parameter is comprised between 1 and 100 in arbitrary units.

The offset parameter is comprised between +8191 and –8192.
Remark: The digital pixel data (digital video RS422) are not affected by the
gain and offset change and are always full 14 bit dynamic range.

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This button prompt the following screen:

Figure 8: AGC Preferences

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Method:
Several algorithms can be used for AGC, the
default one is the “Min/Max” algorithm, which
use the minimum and maximum values of the
scene and recalculates the output value of the
image prior to display. The parameters in
percentage is to determinate the percentage of
the histogram used. For example, 98% means
that 98% of the histogram is used or the
system rejects 1% on the upper and 1% on the
bottom of the histogram to compute the
minimum and maximum values. For each frame,
an histogram is computed
The alternative “Mean & Std” uses the average
and standard deviation within the image to
adjust contrast. The mean value of the data is
the offset value and the gain is equal to the
standard deviation multiply with the coefficient
(3 in the example)
In both cases, there is some threshold in order
to adjust the level of contrast.

Hysteresis:
This parameter plays with the reaction time of
the AGC: 0.1 % is typical. If the Gain and offset
change less than the percentage, the system
doesn’t change the value. If you increase to
much this percentage, the offset and gain will
change by step.

Smooth:
This parameter applies a smoothing algorithm
to the AGC in order to limit contrast flickering
on the image. The available parameters are

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none, slow, median, and fast. It’s a temporal
filter on the gain and offset values

Enable Gamma Correction:

Enable the AGC gamma correction. The gamma
parameter is adjustable. If the coefficient is
equal to 1.00, then the gamma correction is not
modifying (median value).

Type of control:
Select the type of AGC. There are three types of
AGC
• AGOC: Gain and offset are controlled. It is
possible to apply a limitation on both.
• AGC: Gain is controlled, offset is fixed. It is
possible to apply limitation only on gain.
• AOC: Offset is controlled, gain is fixed. It is
possible to apply limitation only on offset.

Gain Parameters:
In order to limit the contrast, the gain can be
limited: 100 is the maximum. The more the
gain is, the more contrasted the image will be.
This limitation can be activated or not. In AOC
mode, this selects the fixed value of the gain.

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Offset Parameters:
In order to limit the brightness of the image,
the offset can be limited between minimum and
maximum values.
This limitation can be activated or not. In AGC
mode, this selects the fixed value of the offset.

ROI:
It is possible to calculate AGC on a specific area
of the image. When selected, it is possible to
select the rectangular area used for the ROI.
Full, Half and Quarter are presets.

Auto Hide…:
The following window can be automatically
hidden when AGC is ON.

This window is prompted when AGC is OFF and gives access to a manual
control of Gain & Offset.

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Figure 9: Gain & Offset controls

Only when AGC is ON, the Gain & Offset data can be recovered from the
internal electronics and refreshed every 1s.

8.2.5. External Triggering

This feature allows setting the type of trigger for the FPA, Internal with
the frame rate or external with an external signal.

The external trigger can be TTL (standard) or video genlock (option).

8.2.6. Sub-Windowing

Some detectors allow Sub-windowing capability, the following screen will

prompt.

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Figure 10: Sub-Windowing editor

This field allows setting the image size. Several formats can be available
depending on the detector type.

The following array size can be available:

• Full frame mode (320*240 for instance)

• ½ Frame (160*120)
• ¼ Frame (80*60) may not be exactly ¼ for some detectors (SCD for
instance).
• Random windowing for some particular detectors or 64*8 in case of
Gemini detector.

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8.2.7. Image Information

The button gives access to statistical information from the live image.
The information is then refreshed every 10s within the following window:

Figure 11: Statistics Image Information

This option allows updating and displaying on the main screen the mean and
standard deviation value of the image. These values are to be used by the AGC
module for contrast optimization. The refreshing rate of this information is 10
seconds when the option is activated under the “Preferences” menu (See
chapter 8.2.15).

8.2.8. Freeze / Live Image

Allows freezing or unfreezing the image.

Note: it affects only the analog video output independently of the digital one.

8.2.9. Save a single image

Allows transferring the current image from Cirrus to the PC through the
RS 232 line. For faster downloading performance, please activate the option in
“Preferences” to turn on the serial link speed at 57 KBds (See chapter
8.2.15).

Notes:
1. This option can be disabled when the high speed FLIR SYSTEMS
digital frame grabber (FG9800) is detected within the computer.
2. The image is saved in a Sapphire ® compatible IR file format.

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8.2.10. Toggle B&W palette

Swap black & white colors palette.

Note: it affects only the analog video output independently of the digital one.

8.2.11. Horizontal & Vertical Flip

This feature allows flipping the image horizontally. If this icon appears
pushed on the screen, it means the feature is activated.

This feature allows flipping the image vertically. If this icon appears
pushed on the screen, it means the feature is activated.

8.2.12. Zoom & Reticule

Zoom On or Off. This field allows setting the zoom mode. This option is
only available on the Analog video output, i.e. the digital output is still
compatible with the detector window.

Activate the reticule. Only the analog video output is affected.

Note: These features affect only the analog video output independently of the
digital one.

8.2.13. Color Palette

Change the color palette for the analog output. This option is only
available for Cassiopea electronics. It does not affect the digital output.

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8.2.14. Setup

Gives access to the set-up of the software, this screen is password

protected. Please consult FLIR SYSTEMS for particular access and the
following screen will prompt:

Figure 12 : Set-up screen

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Detector: This option allows setting the manufacturer of
the detector. When you change this option all
the parameters of Cirrus are reset to default
parameters.

Image Format: This option allows setting the dimension of the

FPA in pixel.

Low Res. Option: This is a low cost option to limit the resolution
of the FPA to ½ Frame mode.

FPA Temperature: For some particular detectors, this option allows

setting the calibration of the analog input for
the digitalization of the sensor temperature (V1-
>DL1 and V2->DL2).

Wait for …: This option is only available for some particular

types of detector and allows not launching
automatically the application software from the
flash memory while the detector is not cooled.

Detector Timing: Oscillator and Pixel clock frequency in MHz.

Video Standard: Type of video output: can be CCIR/PAL (50 Hz)

or RS170/NTSC (60 Hz).
Note: This is not a programmable option of the
electronics itself (i.e. the choice of the video
type is made in factory). The only purpose of
this option is to indicate the software what kind
of video to program in term of timing.

Remark: Please refer to your Cirrus Card Characterization Form delivered

with your system in order to fill in these parameters.

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8.2.15. Preferences

Gives access to the preferences options of the software. The following

window will prompt :

Figure 13: General Preferences

Automatically connect …: This option allows connecting automatically to

VirtualCam without displaying the setup screen
of VirtualCam. This setup allows fixing the type
of connection between the PC and the camera.

Display Temperature …: This option displays the camera temperature

monitor. This option can be activated depending
on the type of detector currently used.

Figure 14: Temperature monitor

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FPA:If the hardware option is available, then the temperature of the FPA is
read out through a diode and displayed onto the screen. The refreshing rate of
this information is 10s.
Enable Monitoring… will scan the FPA
temperature and indicate whether or not the
detector temperature is stable. It is possible to
automatically close this window when the
detector temperature is stable.

Camera: If the hardware option is available,

then the internal temperature of the camera is
read out through a diode and displayed onto the
screen. The refreshing rate of this information is
10s.

Can disable video …: When this option is activated, the system is

potentially able to run at a faster frame rate.

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8.2.16. Upload internal software

Upload a new code into flash memory, this screen is password

protected. Please consult FLIR SYSTEMS for particular access and the
following screen will prompt:

Figure 15: Upload screen

These features allow updating the CIRRUS DSP software from the host PC
computer. Two different software codes are resident in the CIRRUS flash
memory:

Boot Loader: This is the default software that is automatically

called when the camera is switched on. There is
normally no need for updating this software
code.

Application Code: This is the DSP software that is run when the
camera is turned in image display mode. This is
the main software from CIRRUS.

Upload: This option allows selecting a file name that is a

DSP software code and loading it permanently
to the internal flash memory from CIRRUS.
When delivered by FLIR SYSTEMS, the file name
has an extension name of .C31.

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Run: This option allows running the DSP software
once it is stored in the flash. Use this option for
going from the bootstrap mode to the live
image mode.

Exit: This option allows rebooting the DSP software

from the start of the program.

Warning: The upload function can load a corrupted software code or a

corrupted file into the flash memory, by error or accident. It is highly
recommended to always keep a file version of the last software version that
was installed successfully in the flash memory, prior to any update. If a
corrupted file is installed in the flash memory, you have to re-install the
previous running software code from a backup file.

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8.2.17. About

General information

The following important information can be recovered from the embedded

software:

Software version number + ultimate date of compilation,

Number of power cycle,

Elapsed time in hours.

Important: The “Backup” button allows the making of a safety copy of the
current setup inside the flash memory of the camera.

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8.2.18. Status Bar

Figure 16: Status Bar

On the status bottom line, the following indications are displayed from left to
right:

Status of the software version compatibility, the 5 last digits of the
embedded software inside the camera and the windows front-end must
be the same in order to be fully compatible.

: Are not compatible

: Are compatible

Version of embedded software.

FPA or Camera temperature.

# of serial link RS232 and serial speed in Baud

Video type either CCIR/PAL 50 Hz or RS170/NTSC 60 Hz

Master clock of the FPA in MHz

Detector Size: Horz * Vert

Detector name

Backup Status

: Backup is not performed, go under option.

: Backup is performed

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8.3. Debug Mode

Warning: Only expert and advanced users should use this option.

When running Cirrus with the specific option on the command line “Cirrus
/Debug” as illustrated in the following shortcut properties, some particular
options will prompt:

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8.3.1. Specific screen & menu

This a screen copy of the dedicated screen with the specific menu:

Figure 17: Debug main screen & menu

8.3.2. Command Line

This menu will prompt the following screen:

Figure 18: Command Line Screen

This advanced window allows the user to send commands directly to the
electronics. This window will also report the status of the command interpreted
by the electronics.

Note: please refer to “Cirrus Electronics Communication Protocol” manual

for a list of commands available.

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8.3.3. Protocol Tracer

This menu will prompt the following screen:

Figure 19: Protocol Tracer Screen

This advanced window allows the user to follow and diagnose all the commands
driven by the Windows Cirrus front-end.

8.3.4. Debug Info

When activated, this option will display additional information on the external
video monitor overlaid on the top part of the image.

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8.4. Options

8.4.1. Filter Wheel

When the camera is equipped with the internal motorized filter wheel, the
following window prompts:

Figure 20: Filter Wheel screen

Otherwise, the following window prompts allowing naming of the filter mounted
directly on the detector.

Figure 21: Filter Wheel screen without internal wheel on the camera

This wheel is equipped with several slots, 4 or 5.

 1 of them is always empty and is designated as Open. It can be
renamed in case of a filter on that position.
 2 to 3 are free for filter mount (1” diameter without fixture holding and
1mm width)

When the user selects one of the wheel position (Open to 3rd filter), the wheels
rotate immediately and place in front of the detector the filter option.

For each filter, a label can be documented. This information will be then saved
within the non-volatile memory of the camera. In order to validate and
transmit theses labels to the camera the user must hit “Enter”.

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 CIRRUS User Manual
8.4.2. Multiple integration time & Extended range

When the camera is equipped with the Multiple Integration Time option, the
following window prompts:

Figure 22: Multiple Integration Time screen

The “Multiple Integration Time” can turn on or off this option.

The features dedicated to this module are:

• Drive the camera with up to 3 or 4 different integration times in a
cyclic process depending on the type of camera.
• 1 dedicated NUC & BPR table is linked to each integration time.
• 1 out of 3 or 4 integration times can be displayed synchronously on
the analog video output.
• All the integrated images are available on the digital video output

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