Suitable for age 10+ Seis Heine STRATEGIES AND PIRROGESSISIIEES WO DEVELOP MENTAL GAECUWATHION eT em ya Pee R-U mica: mlm comet liaa Vi lel-1e + Multiplying and Dividing up to 3-digit Numbers * Adding and Subtracting Fractions + Multiplying and Dividing Decimals + Squaring Numbers 52)Practice & Revision Papers (4) a) week!) oe isa ecg Over 500 Questions to sharpe arithmetic.MENTAL A HEM a STRATEGIES AND PROCESS SKILLS TO DEVELOP MENTAL CALCULATION BOOK Researched and Compiled by Ho Yoke Ying and Chelsea Cheh e@ Executive Editor Chelsea ChehMENTAL MATHEMATICS BOOK 4 First Edition 2007 © Singapore Asian Publications (S) Pte Ltd. teachers @work is an imprint of Singapore Asian Publications (S) Pte Lid Distributed by SINGAPORE (KELVIN YOO) ‘Singapore Asian Publications (S) Pte Lid 219 Henderson Road #10-04, Henderson Industrial Park Singapore 159556 Tel: (65) 6276 8280 Fax; (65) 6276 8292 E-mail: info@saperp.com For order enquiries: E-mail: kelvinyoo@sapgrp.com Website: www.saperp.com MALAYSIA (ANG WOO! KOK) ‘SAP Publications (M) Sdn Bhd 21, Jalan Industri USI 1/3 Taman Perindustrian USI 1 47600 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia ‘Tel: (603) 8024 9962. Fax: (603) 8024 8231 E-mail: cs@ sapgrp.com For order enquiries: E-mail: wkang@sapgrp.com HONG KONG (DENNY Ki) SAP Publications (HK) Lid Office: 23 Nam Long Shan Road, Aberdeen, Hong Kong ‘Tel: (852) 2553 9188 Fax: (852) 2553 0099 Warehouse Flat 5, 11th Floor, Luen Cheong Can Centre, 6-8 Yip Wong Road, Tuen Mun, N.T., Hong Kong. “Tel: (852) 2456 0233 Fax: (852) 2454 6148. E-mail: info@saperp.com For order enquiries: E-mail: dennyki@sapgrp.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers ISBN-13. 978-981-274-069-4 ISBN-10 981-274-0694 Printed in Singapore GOOD BOOKS - OUR BUSINESSae PREFACE MENTAL MATHEMATICS BOOK 4 has been designed to provide a comprehensive guide to mastering mental calculation. Each strategy illustrated in this book aims at performing mental calculation within the shortest possible time and, at the same time, obtaining accurate answers. sesrencccset This book consists of 52 Practice and Revision Papers. Each Practice Paper demonstrates a strategy with an example and includes 10 questions for the students to practise. Students can test their understanding by working on the Revision Papers, which-are available after every 4 or 5 Practice Papers. This series serves as an ideal guide to all students who are interested in acquiring mental calculation techniques. These techniques will benefit them as they learn about the handy tips to solving mathematical calculation effectively and at a faster pace. After acquiring such an invaluable skill, they can apply it in their real-life problems. It is thus a practical skill that all students should acquire. itis hoped that this series of books is indispensable to all students who wish to master the skill of mental calculation and excel in it. Ho Yoke Ying "ernieCONTENTS WEEK1 STRATEGY Addition — Breaking Up Numbers .. WEEK2 STRATEGY Addition — Rounding Numbers ... WEEK3 STRATEGY Subtraction — Breaking Up Numbers... WEEK4 STRATEGY Subtraction — Rounding Numbers WEEKS General Revision 1 .. WEEK6 STRATEGY Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers By 11 WEEK7 STRATEGY Multiplying 3-Digit Numbers By 11 WEEK8 STRATEGY Multiplication — Breaking Up Numbers (Part 1) WEEK9 STRATEGY Multiplication — Breaking Up Numbers (Part 2)... WEEK 10 General Revision 2 .. WEEK 11 STRATEGY Multiplication — Breaking Up Numbers (Part 3) WEEK 12 STRATEGY Multiplication — Rounding Numbers WEEK 13 STRATEGY Multiplication — Identical First Digits, Sum of Last Digits Is 10... WEEK 14 STRATEGY Multiplication — Identical Last Digits, Sum of First Digits Is 10... WEEK 15 General Revision 3. WEEK16 STRATEGY Multiplication — Identical First Digits For 2-Digit Numbers WEEK17 STRATEGY Multiplication — Identical First Digits, Sum Of Last Digits Is 5 ..... WEEK18 STRATEGY Multiplication — Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers By Hundreds WEEK19 STRATEGY Division — Breaking Up Numbers ... WEEK20 General Revision 4 ...... WEEK21 STRATEGY Division — Remainder When Divided By 3 WEEK22 STRATEGY Division — Remainder When Divided By 4 WEEK23 STRATEGY Addition of Fractions With Numerator 1 WEEK24 STRATEGY Addition of Fractions With The Same Numerator WEEK 25 General Revision 5...WEEK 26 STRATEGY WEEK27 STRATEGY WEEK 28 STRATEGY WEEK 29 STRATEGY WEEK30 WEEK31 STRATEGY WEEK32 STRATEGY WEEK33 STRATEGY WEEK34 STRATEGY WEEK35 WEEK36 STRATEGY WEEK37 STRATEGY WEEK38 STRATEGY WEEK39 STRATEGY WEEK40 WEEK41 STRATEGY WEEK 42 STRATEGY WEEK43 STRATEGY WEEK 44 STRATEGY WEEK4S STRATEGY WEEK46 WEEK47 WEEK48 WEEK49 WEEKS WEEKS1 WEEKS2 ANSWERS Subtraction Of Fractions with Numerator 1 .. Decimals — Multiplying By 10. Decimals — Multiplying By 100... Decimals — Multiplying 2-Digits Numbers By Decimals Ended with 9... General Revision 6 .. Decimals — Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers By 1.1 Decimals — Breaking Up Numbers To Multiply (Part 1)... Decimals — Breaking Up Numbers To Multiply (Part 2)..... Decimals — Dividing By 10... General Revision 7 .. Decimals — Dividing By 100 Decimals — Breaking Up Numbers To Divide ... Squaring — Numbers Ending With 0 ... Squaring — Even Numbers .... General Revision 8 . Squaring — Odd Numbers... Squaring — Last Digit Of Numbers Is 1 Squaring — Last Digit Of Numbers Is 2 Squaring — Last Digit Of Numbers Is 3 Squaring — First Digit Of Numbers Is 5 General Revision 9 .. General Revision 10.... General Revision 11 General Revision 12 General Revision 13 General Revision 14... General Revision 15 .......WEEK STRATEGY Addition — Breaking Up Numbers Find the value of 10 234 + 14567. STRATEGY 10 234 + 14 567 = 10 200 + 14 500 + 34+67 — [break up the numbers for easy = 24 700+ 101 addition] = 24801 Do these sums mentally. 10 522 + 12 260 = 35 290 + 20 312= 64 032 + 35 030 = 80 690 + 17 125 = 44 124 + 34770= 53 566 + 24 510= 74 820 + 15 799 = 22 313 + 54 230= 46 140 + 22 013 = 10 80599 + 13477 =~ STRATEGY Addition — Rounding Numbers * Find the value of 13 370+ 10598. STRATEGY 13 370 + 10 598 = 13 370 + 10600 [round up one of the numbers to the nearest =23970-2 hundred] = 23968 [subtract 2 from the result as 10 600 is 2 more than 10 598] Do these sums mentally. 4 13520+12519= 148984 13332= 16 432 + 13 008 = 22 689 + 25 700 = 7123 + 1588 = 5566 + 3529 = 1823 + 2799 = 4013 + 4539 = 5170 + 2568 = 10 6599 + 3077 =STRATEGY Subtraction — Breaking Up Numbers © Find the value of 83 450-20 460. STRATEGY 83 450—20 460 = 83 450-20450-10 [break 20 460 into 20 450 and 10] = 62990 Do these sums mentally. 33 555 - 13 655 = 68 110 — 43 210 = 50 432 — 20 932 = 46 690 — 15 700 = 91 018 — 60 068 = 84 900 — 39 900 = 27 637 - 11 837= 74 358 — 50 858 = 45 017 - 18 017 = 10 98 599 — 35 600 =‘qh Subtraction — Rounding Numbers * Find the value of 76 758 — 63 717. STRATEGY 76 758 — 63 717 = 76 758 — 63 720 [round up one of the numbers to the nearest ten] [add 3 to the result as 63 720 is 3 more than 63717) Do these sums mentally. 13 544 — 11528 = 16 898 — 14 816 = 25 432 — 15 408 = 34 669 — 10 594 = 67 124 — 21 083 = 45 570 — 32 366 = 83 893 — 60 469 = 12 850 — 9313 = 61 940 — 20 117= 10 73 600 — 52599 =WEEK 4 NERAL REVISION @ Do these sums mentally. 1° 88 139+ 10 339= 42 369 + 22 301 = 3 77 658 + 56 958 = 4 38 629+ 13 608 = 5 53558 + 34023 = 6 23 758-14723= 7 90 129-60 159= 8 38729-15929= 9 85940-44999 = 10 65 234 — 49 284 =WEEK STRATEGY Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers By 11 Find the value of 27 x 11. STRATEGY Step 1: 2+7=9 [add the two digits] Step 2: Place digit 9 in between digits, 2 and7. If the sum obtained in step (1) is more than 9, just increase the first digit of the answer by 1. 27x11 =297 Do these sums mentally. 45xll= 18x11l= 26x 11= 84x 1ll= 35x 1ll= 69x ll= 75x ll= 31x ll= 10 97x 11=STI GY Multiplying 3-Digit Numbers By 11 Find the value of 273 x 11. STRATEGY Step 1: 273 x 10 = 2730 [find the 10" multiple of the number] Step 2: 2730 + 273 = 3003 [add the number to the result obtained in step 1 to find the 11 multiple of the number] 273 x 11 = 3003 | Do these sums mentally. 41° 324x11l= 512x1ll= 2 232xi1ll= 671x1l= 3 166x1l= 764x 11= 4 859x111 586 x 11 = 5 443x111 10 493 x ll=Multiplication — Breaking Up Numbers (Part 1) © Find the value of 45 x 5. STRATEGY 45x 5=(40x5)+(5x5) [break up the number, 45, for easy multiplication] = 200 + 25 {add the two results] = 225 Do these sums mentally. 25x5= 85x 5= 65x 5= 35x5= 95x5= T4x8= 23x9= 69x8= 87x6= 10 5S7x7=WEEK STRATEGY Multiplication — Breaking Up Numbers (Part 2) 9 ‘© Find the value of 159x 4. STRATEGY 159 x 4 = (100 x 4) + (504) + (9x4) [break up the number, 159, for easy multiplication] = 400 + 200 +36 [add all results} = 636 Do these sums mentally. 4 132x3= 168 x 6 = 213x7= 279 x 6 = 312x9= 349 x 8= 512x5= 689 x 4= 881x9= 10 759x 8=GENERAL REVISION @ Do these sums mentally. 37x6= 1 25x ll= 3 98xil= 4 127xl1l= 5 534xll= 6 224x9= 7 98xT= 8B 285xll= 9 43xll= 10 179x8=WEEK STRATEGY Multiplication — Breaking Up 9 Numbers (Part 3) ‘Find the value of 43 x 16. STRATEGY 43 x 16 = (43x 10)+(43x6) [break up the number, 16, for easy multiplication} = 430+ (40 x 6) +(3 x6) [break up the number, 43, for easy multiplication] = 430+ 240418 [add all results] = 688 | Do these sums mentally. }4 0 24x 12= | le 64x 32= Lo 2 68x 16= 3 80x29= 4 32x23= 5 21x17= 6 41x25= 7 53x35= 8 44x19= 9 72x33=STRATEGY Multiplication — Rounding Numbers Find the value of 81 x 19. STRATEGY: 81x 19= 81x20 [round up one of the numbers to the nearest ten] = 1620 {multiply to get the estimated answer] = 1620-81 [subtract 81 from the estimated answer] = 1539 Do these sums mentally. 1 12x19= 2 23x29= 3 89x49= 4 31x79= 5 91x69= 6 44x49= 7 53x89= 8 35x59= 9 71x39= 10 64x99=‘es Multiplication — Identical First Digits, 0 Sum of Last Digits is 10 © Find the value of 21 x 29. STRATEGY Step 1: To find the first digit of the answer, 2x (2+1)=2x3=6 [multiply the first digitby anumber 1 more than itself] Step 2: To find the last two digits of the answer, | 1x9 =9 {multiply the last digits of both numbers] i =09 [if the answer is one-digit, add a zero in front] | 21x 29 = 609 | | Do these sums mentally. }40 14x 16= 6 24x26= | )2 43x47= 7 12x 18= i 84x 86= 8B 83x87= 57x53 = 9 71x79= 15 31x39= 10 64x 66= -~ STRATEGY Multiplication — Identical Last Digits, Sum of First Digits is 10 Find the value of 36 x 76. STRATEGY Step 1: To find the last two digits of the answer, 6x6 =36 {multiply the common digit] Step 2: To find the first two digits of the answer, 6+(x7)=6+21 [add the common digit, 6, to the product of the first =27 digits of the two numbers] 36 x 76 = 2736 Do these sums mentally. 1 28x 88= 6 65x45= es 2 35x75= 7 #17x97= 3 71x31l= B 24x84= 4 42x62= 9 83x23= 96 x 16= 10 69x 49=‘TLE SOAS) Do these sums mentally. 1 37x33= 95 x12 3 59x22= 4 42x25= 5S 64x56= 6 25x85= 7. 12X69 8 78x 38= 9 14x29= 10 91x 99= |WEEK STRATEGY Multiplication — Identical First Digits for 2-Digit Numbers ) Find the value of 24 x 27. STRATEGY Step 1: To find the last digit of the answer, 4x7= [multiply the last digits of the two numbers] [carry 2 to the next step] Step 2: To find the second last digit of the answer, (2x4) +(2x7)=22 [multiply the last digits of the two numbers by the common digit, 2, and add the product] 224+2=2@ [add 2 from step 1] [carry 2 to the next step] Step 3: To find the first few digits of the answer, 2x2=4 [multiply the common digit] 44+2=© [add 2 from step 2] 24 x 27 = 648 Do these sums mentally. 4° 13x19= 6 42x45= 2 9x95= 7 S7x58= 3 25x26= B 66Ox67= 4 54x52= 9 78x7T4= 31x32= 10 89x 83=/ STRATEGY Multiplication — Identical First Digits, Sum of Last Digits is 5 Find the value of 42 x 43. STRATEGY Step 1: To find the last digit of the answer, 2x3=© [multiply the last digits of the two numbers] Step 2: To find the second last digit of the answer, 243=5 [add the last digits of the two numbers] 5x4=20 [multiply the sum by the common digit, 4] [carry 2 to the next step] To find the first few digits of the answer, 4x4=16 [multiply the common digits] 16+2=(3 [add 2 from step 2] 42 x 43 = 1806 Do these sums mentally. 21x 24=} 41 x44= 84 x 81 22x 23= 62 x 63 = 91x 94= 51x 54= 72x73 = 13x 12= 10 33 x32=STRATEGY Multiplication — Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers By Hundreds Find the value of 29 x 400. STRATEGY 29 x 400 = 29x 4x 100 [break up the hundreds} 16x 100 [multiply the first two numbers and add two zeros to the = 11.600 result] Do these sums mentally. 1 38x 600= 2 92x 200= 3 15x 500= 4 77x700= 5 23x 400= 6 62x 900= 7 99x 300= 8 57x500= 9 43x 800= 10 84x 700=WEEK STRATEGY Division — Breaking Up Numbers ‘Find the value of 720+ 3. STRATEGY 720 = 600+120 [break the numbers into numbers that can be divisible by 3] 720 +3 = (600 + 3) + (120 + 3) = 200+ 40 = 240 Do these sums mentally. 1 9600+6= 8400 +7= 5250+ 3= 3960 +6 = 7900 +5 = 4860+ 9= 6480+4= 2985 +5= 10 8750+7=GENERAL REVISION @ Do these sums mentally. 4° 30x35= 2 16x72= 3 19x 500= 4 64x63= 5 86x 300= 6 52x53= 7 82x83= 8B 5970+6= 9 6525+9= 10 4740+5= ameWEEK 4 STRATEGY 9 Division — Remainder When Divided By 3 * Find the remainder when 9613 + 3. STRATEGY 9+64+14+3=19 [add all the four digits] 1+9=10 [continue to add until it becomes a single digit] 1+0=1 1+3=0R1 [divide the single digit by 3 to get the remainder] i The remainder when 9613 = 3 is 1. | Do these sums mentally. | Find the remainder when |1 2299 +3 R= 6 5855+3 R= 1 |e 4276 +3 R= 7 6289+3 R= | 13 8240 +3 R= 8 7432+3 R= | 3785 R= iS (2328 9019 +3 R= 10 4561+3Division — Remainder When Divided By 4 Find the remainder when 3450 + 4. STRATEGY 50+4=12R2 [divide the last two digits by 4 to find the remainder] ‘The remainder when 3450 + 4 is 2. Do these sums mentally. Find the remainder when 1826 +4 4554+4 8659 +4 2089 +4 S791 +4 9283 +4 6518 +4 7367+ 4 338144 10 5673 +4WEEK ‘esa 9 Addition of Fractions With Numerator 1 Find the value of $ + 4 STRATEGY 12+ 17 [add both denominators to find the numerator of the answer] 12x5=60 — [multiply both denominators to find the denominator of the answer] bod 12 Si Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. I gy Le int =‘STRATEGY 9+7=16 16x4=64 9x7=63 ul Es Paes N why + + oojus u b In Ale + Ja i Je 5 soloo A S " , STRATEGY Addition of Fractions With The “Find the value of + Do these sums mentally. Same Numerator xe [add both denominators] [multiply the sum by the common numerator to find the numerator of the answer] [multiply both denominators to find the denominator of the answer] Es 64 g) 63 ee ss | Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms.WEEK GENERAL REVISION Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms.a) Subtraction of Fractions with Numerator 1 : aot ind the value of = - 70° STRATEGY 10-5=5 [subtract both denominators to find the numerator of the answer] 10x5=50 [multiply both denominators to find the denominator of the answer] 1 > 10 ~ 50 Ly oI Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. del 3°77 dite 4-127 Low K 2-9 > Je 6 10- tot a + lech toe acim a 56 11 — 7 97 de 3° 8 tate 2-12 ~/ STRATEGY 9 Decimals — Multiplying By 10 Find the value of 0.69 x 10. STRATEGY 0.69 x 10= 0,69 — [move the decimal point one place to the right as the number, 10, has one zero] =69 Do these sums mentally. 1.25 x 10= 45.16 x 10 = 96.55 x 10 = 107.42 x 10= 28.359 x 10 = 580.31 x 10 = 63.746 x 10 = 391.592 x 10 = 6.253 x 10 = 10 808.88 x 10 =Decimals — Multiplying By 100 Find the value of 43.861 x 100. STRATEGY 43,861 x 100 = 43,861 [move the decimal point two places to the right as the number, 100, has two zeros] = 4386.1 Do these sums mentally. 4° 4.25 x 100= 62.23 x 100 = 82.151 x 100 = 485.202 x 100= 9.359 x 100 = 70.71 x 100 = 52.446 x 100 = 394.62 x 100 = 8.285 x 100 = 10 21.753 x 100 =WEEK yr ck e Decimals — Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers G By Decimals Ended With .9 Find the value of 45 x 2.9. STRATEGY 45x3=135 135 - 4.5 = 130.5 {subtract the product of 45 and 0.1 from 135] 45x 2.9=1305 [multiply 45 by the nearest whole number] Do these sums mentally. 23x3.9= 12x29= 33x49= 4 69x19= 5 46x69= 6 S8x89= 7 85x09= 8B 92x5.9= 9 71x79= 10 52x9.9=ENERAL REVISION Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. | | 7 = 79.421x 100 = 8B 45.383 x 100 = nie cof 10 50x 5.9=WEEK , STRATEGY Decimals — Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers By 1.1 ‘Find the value of 88 x 1.1. STRATEGY Step 1: 88 x 11 =(88 x 10) + (88x 1) [multiply the number by 11] = 880 +88 = 968 Step 2: 968+ 10=96.8 [move the decimal point one place to the lefi] 88x 11=968 Do these sums mentally. 4 xill= 84x11 = 90x 11= 12x1l= 53x 1L1l= 76x 11= 6lxll= 45x 11l= 38x 11= 10 59x11=STRATEGY Decimals — Breaking Up Numbers To Multiply (Part 1) Find the value of 25 x 4.3. STRATEGY Step 1: 25 x 43 = (25 x 40)+(25x3) [multiply the number by 43] = 1000 +75 = 1075 Step2: 1075 + 10=1075,= 107.5 [move the decimal point one place to the Jeff] 25x 4.3 = 107.5 Do these sums mentally. 4 28x15= 6 39x4.1= 2 54x34= 7 83x19= 3 16x0.7= 8B 56x58= 4 45x81= 9 97x63= 10 66 x7.4= 70x 2.8 = rts ee estherSTRATEGY Decimals — Breaking Up Numbers To Multiply (Part 2) © Find the value of 20 x 7.43. STRATEGY Step 1: 20 x 743 =(2 x 743) x 10 = 1486 x 10 = 14 860 Step 2: 14 860 = 100 = 14 860 = 148.6 [multiply the number by 743] [move the decimal point two places to the left] 20 x 7.43 = 148.6 Do these sums mentally. 1 40x 125= 6 50x 6.05 = 2 30x2.65= 7 20x 1.02= 3 20x 8.02= 8 90x 4.23 = 4 80x047= 9 70x357= 5 60x5.21= 10 40x 8.82=— LLSTRATEGY Decimals — Dividing By 10 Find the value of 67 + 10. STRATEGY 67+10 =67, [move the decimal point one place to the left as the number, 10, has one zero] =6.7 Do these sums mentally. 121+10= 34.23 + 10= 205.18 + 10 = 437.05 + 10= 825.64 + 10= 0.655 + 10 = 70.09 + 10= 552.13 +10 = 6.123 + 10= 10 9483 + 10=WEEK [= GENERAL REVISION @ Do these sums mentally. 1 42.13+10= 2 31x1ll= 3 66x2.9= 4 49x58= 5 69xll= 42x3.2= 54+10= 71x 76= 9 60x 235= 10 20x 4.87= Lo essing races esa ee haere o N aDecimals — Dividing By 100 Find the value of 34 + 100. STRATEGY 34+100 = [move the decimal point two places to the left as the number, & 100, has two zeros} = 0. Do these sums mentally. 1 7.64 100= 2 12.23 +100= 3 82.5+100= 4 654.12 + 100= 5 996.55 + 100= 6 50.67 + 100 = 7 98.35 + 100= 8B 412.96 + 100 = 9 327.23 + 100= sr astute tn pit tise eee 10 24.87 + 100=WEEK STRATEGY Decimals — Breaking Up Numbers To Divide Find the value of 30.15 +5. STRATEGY Step 1: 30+5= Step2: 15+5 [divide the whole number first] 6 3. [divide the decimal] 03. [place azero in front as there are two digits in the decimal, 15] 30.15 + 5=6.03 Do these sums mentally. 48.24+6= 63.14+7 = | 1 2 55.25+5= 56.96 + 8= 3 38.60 +2= 18.45+9= 10 2440+4=‘eZ Squaring — Numbers Ending With O Find the value of 30 x 30. STRATEGY Step 1: 3x3=9 [multiply the identical first digits of both numbers] Step 2: 900 [add two zeros] 30 x 30 = 900 * Note: To square means to multiply the number by itself. Do these sums mentally. 1 20x 20= 2 60x 60= 3 90x90= rcs eisai 4 50xS50= 5 80x80= 6 10x 10= 7 70x70= 8 40x40= 9 110x110= 10 100 x 100=WEEK STRATEGY Squaring — Even Numbers 9) ‘Find the value of 18 x 18. STRATEGY Step 1: 18+2=9 {divide the number by 2) Step 2: 9x9=81 [square the result obtained in step 1] Step 3: 81x 4=324 [multiply the result obtained in step 2 by 4] 18 x 18 = 324 Do these sums mentally. 5 20x20= 6 16x 16= 7 4x4= 8 22x22= 19 14x14= 10 24x24= Ll,cmc, GENERAL REVISION @ Do these sums mentally. 1 379.06 + 100 = 2 56.84+7= 3 60x 60= 4 35.35+5= 5 90x 90= 6 28x 28= 7 5499+9= 8 6458+ 100= 9 40x 40= 10 96.51+3=STRATEGY Squaring — Odd Numbers ® Find the value 13 x 13. STRATEGY Step 1: 12x 12=144 [find the square of the number one less than 13] Step 2: 144+ 13+ 12= 169 [add the number, 13, and the number one Jess than. 13 to the result obtained in step 1] 13 x 13 = 169 1 9x9= bo Do these sums mentally. 2 (3 7x7T= 17x17= 5x5= 19x 19= 15 x 15= llx1l= 9 21x21= 10 23x 23=0 Squaring — Last Digit of Numbers Is 1 { Find the value of 21 x 21. STRATEGY Step 1: 21-1=20 [subtract 1 from the number] Step 2: 20x2=40 [multiply the result obtained in step 1 by 2] Step 3: 20 x 20 = 400 [square the result obtained in step 1] Step 4: 400+ 40+ 1=441 [add the results obtained in steps 2 and 3 and the number, 1, together] 21x21=441 Do these sums mentally. 1 31x31l= 2 81x8l= 3 lixll= 4 91x91l= 5 S51x51= 6 71x7l= 7 41x4i= 8 61x6l= 9 111x1lll= 10 101 x 101 =| | STRATEGY Step 1: 32-2=30 Step 2: 30x 4= 120 Step 3: 30 x 30 = 900 Step 4: 900+ 120 +4 = 1024 Ry 7 che Squaring — Last Digit Of Numbers Is 2 Find the value of 32 x 32. Do these sums mentally. 92 x 92 = 52x 52= 12x 125 72x72= 122 x 122 = 62 x 62= 42 x 42= 82x 82= 22x 22= 410 102 x 102= [subtract 2 from the number] [multiply the result obtained in step 1 by 4] {square the result obtained in step 1] [add the results obtained in steps 1 and 2 and the number, 4, together] 32 x 32 = 1024STRATEGY Squaring — Last Digit Of Numbers Is3 Find the value of 63 x 63. STRATEGY i Step 1: 63-3 =60 [subtract 3 from the number] Step 2: 60 x 6 = 360 [multiply the result obtained in step 1 by 6] Step 3: 60 x 60 = 3600 ~ [square the result obtained in step 1] Step 4: 3600 + 360 +9 = 3969 [add the results obtained in steps 2 and 3 and the number, 9, together] 63 x 63 = 3969 Do these sums mentally. 4 73x73= 5 33x33= 6 43x43= 7 13x13= 8B 93x93= 9 103 x 103= 10 113x 113=ee sa g Squaring — First Digit Of Numbers Is 5 *Find the value of 59 x 59. STRATEGY Step 1: 9+ 25 =34 [add the second digit of the number to 25] Step 2: 9x 9=81 [square the second digit] 59x 59 = 3481 Do these sums mentally. 56 x 56= SIx51= 53 x 53 = 58x 58 = 50 x 50= 52x52= 59x 59= 57x 57=GENERAL REVISION (9) Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. 1 = 5827 + 33 209 = 2 63 289-41 290= 3 189x11= 4 92x21= 5S 493.65 x 100 = 6 2005.39 + 100 = 7 45.99+9= 10 82x11=WEEK GENERAL REVISION Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. 1 89643 + 11 726= 19x 11= 6719 +3 i 4 71323-51324= f | 5 42x48= 6 33x75= 7 17x17= | 8 38x700= 9 3885+7=WEEK GENERAL REVISION €) Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. 4 28 193+ 45 197 = snare neem i 6 723x77= 7 91x91= 8 100.36x10= 9 34x34= 40 13 491 — 10599 =WEEK “gg TF VT AA RY eo) (72) Do these sums mentally. 41 79 102-31 239= 9671 + 13 928 = 812x ll= 4 13x17= 5S 36.18+3= | | | 6 27x27= 7 506x8— 8 48x1l= | | \ 9 5424+8= 10 42x42=WEEK GENERAL REVISION €©) Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. 41° 79120-31320= 2 41236 + 36 256= i | 3 701.3x 100= i | 5 16x59= 6 93x93= ' 7 672xi11l= B 24x21l= 9 5404-45 40 125 x 125=A ENERAL REVISION Do th sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. 4 35719+41 003 = 16 263 — 6209 = 419x 11= x= 5 51x6= 6 6960+3= N Bi ~ ule i 8 412x10= 9 96.3 +100= 10 33x 33=j GENERAL REVISION Do these sums mentally. Do not reduce the answers to the lowest terms. 2423. 85.731 x 100 = 468 x 11 = 350.49 +7 = 5S 86xll= 6 56025+41110= 7 61x64= 8 3xB= 9 95x19= 410 58x 58=A N Ss WE R Ss Mental Mathematics Book 4 WEEK 1 WEEK 5 | WEEK 9 week 13 1 98478 4 396 : 1° 24 | | 2) 64670 2 108 | 2) 200 3 134616 3 1491 3) m4 | f 4 52937 t 4 1674 a 3021 5 5 87581 5 2808 Ss 120 6 9035 6 22 6 64 7 29970 7 2560 7 | 216 i 8 22800 8 2756 ' 8 7221 9 40941 9 79 ; 9 5609 10° 15950 10. 6072 , 10°. 4224 WEEK 6 week 10 weekK14 1 495, 4 22 F a 2464 2 198 2° 75 2 | 265 3 286 3 1078 f [3 | 20 4 605 4 1397 4 2604 8 924 5 5874 5 1536 6 385 6 2016 6 2925 7 759 7 686 7 «1649 8 825 8 3135 8 2016 9 3a 9 4B - | 9 1909 | 10 1067 40 1432 10 3381i = N x Ny ey BOeeNanraene BeeVoursune wk Nn Nn 125 451.6 965.5 10742 283.59 5803.1 637.46 391592 62.53 8088.8. Ip ee reesun poerannens 4 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 WEEK 28 425 6223 | 8215.1 48 520.2 9359 / ton | 5244.6 39.462 » 8285 5 8 8 R56 5k SE al > awaronauna ‘als glo &ls ale Sle Sl (ga Zly Blei BOON OMERENS 3 aoervonauns neg g RESPSEG © RS 4 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 3 aearvonu 28 aeovouauna 3 pOeVaoununs 3| |Get these to improve your studies! ee (Maths Olympiad = al re at SC) To Your Learning. scant $10.00 Entrepreneur ‘OENTRA of the year HO1S-0000 — STEP-ONE BOOKS LIMITED — CS“ srerarvas nano www.sapgrp.com Isan-12 ora-cet-274068-4 BN 981-274-0694, Fe IM) Ill $4.90 SGHPORE 100 An imprint of Singapore Asian Publications 9