SHORT ANSWER TYPE

QUESTION
Objective type questions

1. The gram-negative organisms is 5. The organisms that can be acid-fast stained

A. Actinomyces is
A. Nocardia
B. Bacillus
B. Tubercle bacilli
C. Clostridium
C. Lepra bacilli
D. None of these
Answer: D D. all of these
Answer: D
2. Catalase production is negative in which of
the following? 6. At what concentration of sulphuric acid,
A. Streptococcus Nocardia resists decolourization?
A. 0.5% sulphuric acid
B. Salmonella
B. 5% sulphuric acid
C. Proteus
C. 10% sulphuric acid
D. Staphylococcus
Answer: A D. 8% sulphuric acid
Answer: A
3. Which of the following is a substitute for
crystal violet used in gram-staining 7. Which of the following is commonly used
procedure? as Gram's decolouriser?
A. Methylene blue A. Ethyl alcohol

B. Bromocresol green B. Methyl alcohol

C. Safranin C. Acetone

D. Phenolpthalene A mixture of ethyl alcohol and

D.
Answer: A acetone
Answer: D
4. Which of the following inference(s)
indicate(s) the ability of an organism to 8. Production of acetoin can be detected by
utilize citrate as a sole source of carbon in which of the following tests?
Simmon's citrate medium?
A. Citrate test
A. Blue colour
B. Voges-Proskauer test
B. Appearance of growth
C. Methyl red test
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Indole test
D. None of these
Answer: B
Answer: C
9. What is the colour of gram -postive 13. Which of the following is not the
bacteria on a gram staining? characteristic of a growth curve?
A. Purple Shows development of microbial
A. population under relatively stable
B. Pink environmental conditions

C. Colourless B. Plotted with logarithmic numbers

D. Green Graphs numbers of microbes

C.
versus time
Answer: A
Each growth curve consists of four
10. What is the order of reagents used in the D.
Gram stain? distinct phases
Answer: D
Crystal violet, iodine, safranin,
A.
decolorizer
14. The organism which obtain their energy
from chemicals are designated as
Crystal violet, iodine, decolorizer,
B.
safranin A. prototrophs

Safranin, crystal violet, B. chemotrophs

C.
decolorizer, iodine
C. organotrophs
Crystal violet, safranin, iodine,
D.
decolorizer D. autotrophs
Answer: B Answer: B

11. For most bacteria, the optimum pH for 15. The organism which grows best above
growth lies between 45°C are called
A. 6.5-7.5 A. psychrophilic

B. 3.5-4.5 B. mesosphilic

C. 4.5-5.5 C. thermophilic

D. 5.5-6.5 D. any of these

Answer: A Answer: C

12 Which of the following is not an indirect 16. Lag phase is also known as
method for the measurement of cell mass?
A. period of initial adjustment
A. Nutrient composition
B. transitional period
B. Cell dry weight
C. generation time
C. Viscosity
D. none of these
D. Heat evolution
Answer: A
Answer: B
17. The growth is normally expressed as 21. The time required to kill 90% of the
__________ in turbidimetric measurement microorganisms in a sample at a specific
temperature is the
A. cells per ml
A. decimal reduction time
B. cfu/ml
B. thermal death point
C. optical density
C. F value
D. mg N2 /ml
D. D value
Answer: C
Answer: D
18. In the exponential phase, the cells and cell
mass 22. Milk is pasteurized in batch method by
keeping it at
A. first increases then decreases
A. 63°C for 30 minutes
B. decreases
B. 72°C for 60 seconds
C. are constant
C. 73°C for 30 minutes
D. double at a constant rate
D. 72°C for 6 minutes
Answer: D
Answer: A
19. Quantitative measurement of bacterial
growth can be carried out by measuring 23. Which of the following does not kill
endospores?
A. cell count
A. Autoclave
B. cell mass
B. Incineration
C. cell activity
C. Hot air sterilization
D. all of these
D. Pasteurization
Answer: D
Answer: D
20. Which of the following disinfectants act by
disrupting microbial membranes? 24. Bactericidal concentration of phenol is
A. Cationic detergents A. 0.25%

B. Halogens B. 0.5%

C. Heavy metals C. 0.75%

D. Aldehydes D. 1%
Answer: A Answer: D
25. Media containing spores and thermolabile 29. Cell size and cell number can be measured
constituents are sterilized by using
A. pasteurization A. hemocytometer

B. UV radiation B. coulter counter

C. dry heat C. petroff-hausser counting chamber

D. tyndalization D. none of these

Answer: B Answer: B

26. Which of the following is sterilized with 30. The concentration of agar to obtain semi
the help of glutaraldehyde? solid media is
A. Thermometers A. 1.5-20%

B. Bronchoscopes B. 0.5% or less

C. Cystoscopes C. >10%

D. All of these D. >10%but<20%

Answer: D Answer: B

27. Who was the inventor of the Petri dish?

A. R.J. Petri, an assistant of R. Koch

B. A famous French cook

Italian glass blower from Petri,

C.
Italy

D. None of the above

Answer: A

28. The foundation for the germ theory of

disease was set down by
A. Robert Koch

B. Ronald Ross

C. Louis Pasteur

D. Walter Reed

Answer: C