Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

Contents
Syllabus for 8th Semester .................................................................................................. 3
Paper 1 ~ Human Rights Law and Practice .................................................................. 3
Paper 2 ~ Interpretation of Statues and Principles of Legislation ............................... 3
Paper 3 ~ Environmental Law ....................................................................................... 4
Paper 4 ~ Labour and Industrial Law - I ....................................................................... 4
2018 | Human Rights Law and Practice .......................................................................... 7
2018 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation ...................................... 8
2018 | Environmental Law ............................................................................................... 9
2018 | Labour and Industrial Laws I.............................................................................. 11
2017 | Human Rights Law and Practice ........................................................................ 12
2017 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation .................................... 13
2017 | Environmental Law ............................................................................................. 14
2017 | Labour and Industrial Laws I.............................................................................. 15
2016 | Human Rights Law and Practice ........................................................................ 16
2016 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation .................................... 17
2016 | Environmental Law ............................................................................................. 18
2016 | Labour and Industrial Laws I.............................................................................. 19
2015 | Human Rights Law and Practice ........................................................................ 20
2015 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation .................................... 21
2015 | Environmental Law ............................................................................................. 22
2015 | Labour and Industrial Laws I.............................................................................. 24
2014 | Human Rights Law and Practice ........................................................................ 25
2014 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation .................................... 26
2014 | Environmental Law ............................................................................................. 27
2014 | Labour and Industrial Laws I.............................................................................. 29
2013 | Human Rights Law and Practice ........................................................................ 30
2013 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation .................................... 31
2013 | Environmental Law ............................................................................................. 33
2013 | Labour and Industrial Laws I.............................................................................. 35

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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

Syllabus for 8th Semester

 Paper 1 ~ Human Rights Law and Practice
 Paper 2 ~ Interpretation of Statues and Principles of Legislation
 Paper 3 ~ Environmental Law
 Paper 4 ~ Labour and Industrial Law - I

Paper 1 ~ Human Rights Law and Practice

1. Concept of Human Rights - National and International Insights.
2. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.
3. International Covenants on Political and Civil Rights, 1966.
4. International Covenants on Economics, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966.
5. Convention of Elimination of Discrimination against Women, 1979.
6. Convention on Rights of Child, 1989.
7. The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
8. Human Rights and Indian Constitution.

Paper 2 ~ Interpretation of Statues and Principles of Legislation

A. Principles of Interpretation.
1. Meaning of Interpretation and Construction of Statute.
2. Basic Rules of Interpretation.
a) Literal or Grammatical Rule of Interpretation.
b) Golden Rule of Interpretation.
c) Mischief Rule of Interpretation.
3. General principle of Interpretation.
a) Statute to be read as a while.
b) Intention of Legislature Predominates.
c) Statute to be construed to make it effective and workable.
4. Guiding Rules of Interpretation.
a) Causus Omissue.
5. Subsidiary Rules of Interpretation.
a) Mandatory and Directory Provisions.
b) Use of "Shall" and "May"
c) "It shall be lawful", "Shall have Power"
d) As be deems fit.
e) "or" and "and"
6. Maxims.
a) Nosciturus asociis.
b) Ejusdem Genesis.
c) Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius.
d) Reddendo Singula Singulis.

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

e) Generalia Specilibus non Derogant.

7. Internal Aids to Construction.
8. External Aids to Construction.
9. Interpretation of Taxing Statute.
10. Interpretation of Penal Statute.
11. Interpretation of Social and Beneficial Legislation.
12. Interpretation of Constitution.
B. General Clauses Act :
1. The General Clauses Act, 1987
C. Principles of Legislation :
1. Definition and Nature and scope of Legislation.
2. Criteria and Types of Legislations Individualism.
3. Collectivism and Marxism.

Paper 3 ~ Environmental Law

1. U. N. Stockholm Declaration 1972; Rio-Declaration 1992 kioto
Declaration.
2. The Meaning of 'Environment' as defined in the Environmental Protection
Act,1986 {Section 2(a) and 'Pollution' as defined in the said Act of 1986 and the
water Prevention and control of Pollution} Act, 1974, The concept of
environment in the Constitution - Article 21, 47, 48A, 49 and 51A (g).
3. Prevention, Control and Abatement of Environment Pollution.
a) For Human Being : Pertaining to Water, Air and Noise.
b) For Non-Human Being : Pertaining to Wildlife including Plants and
Forests.
4. Administration and functioning of Pollution Control Board with
reference to Water Act.
5. Laws relating to the role of courts to protect environment pollution.
6. punishments in Environmental Law.
7. Environment Policy in India.

Paper 4 ~ Labour and Industrial Law - I

1. The Factories Act, 1948
a) Preliminary
b) Inspecting Stuff
c) Health
d) Safety
e) Welfare
f) Employment of young Person.
2. The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 :

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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

a) Definitions - Minimum Wage, Fair Wage and Living Wage.

b) Fixing of Minimum Wages - Procedure and Payment.
c) Inspectors
d) Claims
e) Cognizance of Offences
f) Contracting Out.
3. Prevention, Control and Abatement of Environment Pollution.
a) For Human Beings : Pertaining to Water, Air and Noise.
b) For Non-Human Being : Pertaining to Wildlife including Plants and
Forests.
4. The Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 :
a) Definitions
b) Workmen's Compensation - Employee Liability
c) Commissioners - Their Power and Functions.
5. The Employee's State Insurance Act, 1948 :
a) Definitions.
b) E.S.I. Corporation, Standing Committee, and Medical Benefit Council
c) Contribution
6. The Fatal Accidents Act, 1855 :
Compensation to the Family of a person for loss occasioned to it by his death by
actionable working.

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

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Previous Years' Question Papers for 8th semester

Anchor Page

 1st Paper ~ Human Rights Law and Practice.

2018* 2017* 2016* 2015* 2014*

2013*

 2nd Paper ~ Interpretation of Statutes & Principles of Legislation.

2018* 2017* 2016* 2015* 2014*

2013*

 3rd Paper ~ Environmental Law.

2018* 2017* 2016* 2015* 2014*

2013*

 4th Paper ~ Labour and Industrial Law I.

2018* 2017* 2016* 2015* 2014*

2013*
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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2018 | Human Rights Law and Practice

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 1st Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Discuss the concept of Human Rights with special reference to the National and
International Rights. [16]
2. Write a note on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948. [16]
3. Discuss object of the International Covenants on Political and Civil Rights, 1966
highlighting its important provisions. [16]
4. Examine the protection of Rights of Child in National and International scenario.
[16]
5. Write a note on the International Covenants on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights, 1966. [16]
6. Critically analyse protection of rights on women with reference to Indian Judicial
decisions and the Convention on Elimination of Discrimination against women,
1979. [16]
7. Discuss working of the National Human Rights Commission and its powers as
well as functions under the Human Rights Act, 1993. [16]
8. Examine the relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles
of State Policy in Indian perspectives. [16]
9. Discuss Enforcement of Human Rights in India with reference to suitable
Judicial Decisions. [16]
10. Write notes on any two of the following: [8×2]
(a) Working of the West Bengal Human Rights Commission.
(b) Public Interest Litigation.
(c) Freedom of Speech and Expression.
(d) Rights to Equality.
↑

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2018 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 2nd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Group - A
Answer any three Questions
1. What do you understand by the term 'Interpretation of Statutes'? Explain the
'Literal or Grammatical Rule of Interpretation' with case law. [4+12]
2. (a) Discuss the 'Golden Rule of Interpretation' with relevant case laws. [9]
(b) Discuss the rule of Interpretation of Penal Statutes. [7]
3. (a) Discuss the rule of Harmonious Construction of Statute. [8]
(b) 'Statutes to be read as a whole' - Explain in a statute with Judicial
Pronouncement. [8]
4. Explain any two of the following : [8×2]
(a) Noscitur a Sociis. (c) Generalia Specialibus Non Derogant.
(b) Ejusdem Generis. (d) Rule of Pith and Substance.
5. (a) What do you mean by Internal and External aids to Construction? Discuss
any two aids from each group. [10]
(b) Explain the rule of Interpretation of Taxing Statutes. [6]
6. Discuss in brief, the different rules of Interpretation of Constitution with case
laws. [16]
Group - B
Answer any one Questions
7. (a) Discuss the salient features of the General Clauses Act, 1897. [8]
(b) What is the effect of repeal of an enactment? [8]
8. Write short notes on any four of the following: [4×4]
(a) Affidavit.
(b) Enactment.
(c) Offence.
(d) India.
(e) Property.
(f) Document.
Group - C
Answer any one Questions
9. (a) Discuss the nature and scope of Legislation. [6]
(b) What do you mean by 'Delegated Legislation'? Signify the reason for Growth
of Delegated Legislation. [10]
10. Explain the Bentham's Theory of Utilitarianism. [16]
↑

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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2018 | Environmental Law

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 3rd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. "Rio Declaration is the reaffirmation of Stockholm Declaration with the object to
establishment global partnership to protect Human Environment" - Explain. [16]
2. (a) Discuss the purpose and object of enacting the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986. [6]
(b) Briefly narrate the concept of 'Polluter Pays Principle' and explain it with
the help of the decision given by the Supreme Court in the 'Oleum Gas Leak
Case'. [4+6]
3. (a) Briefly discuss the emergency measures that the State Board may take to
mitigate air pollution under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981. [8]
(b) Discuss the significance of the 'Taz Trapezium' case as decided by the Apex
Court in the area of air pollution. [8]
4. (a) Discuss the concept of 'Consent Mechanism' in respect of the State Board as
a safeguard against air pollution as provided in the Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. [8]
(b) Briefly discuss 'Absolute Liability' and its development in India with
reference to decided cases. [8]
5. (a) Define the term 'Hazardous Substance' according to the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986. [2]
(b) What kind of restrictions have been imposed by the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 for emission or discharge of Environmental
Pollutants? [6]
(c) Discuss the power of the Central Government to take measures to protect
and improve the environment as laid down under the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986. [8]
6. Explain how 'Public Interest Litigation' has emerged as a weapon to redress the
grievances of the people suffering from the hazardous effect of the pollution on
environment and ecology. [16]
7. (a) Discuss the relevant provisions with regard to collection of sample of water
under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. [8]
(b) Write a brief note on the wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. [8]
8. "The Directive Principles under the Constitution of India are directed towards
ideals of building welfare State". - Elucidate with relevant constitutional
provisions and case laws." [16]
9. (a) How does the State Government constitute an area as 'National Park' under
the provision of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972? [10]
(b) Write a note on Noise Pollution. [6]

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

10. Write short notes on any four of the following: [4×4]

(a) Strict Liability.
(b) Kyoto Protocol.
(c) Sustainable Development.
(d) Sanctuary.
(e) Green Bench.
(f) Analysts.
↑

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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2018 | Labour and Industrial Laws I

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 4th Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Define 'Worker'. Discuss various provisions relating to safety and health of the
workers under the Factories Act, 1948. [4+12]
2. Discuss the law relating to appointment, power and duties of Inspector as
enumerated in the Factories Act, 1948. [16]
3. State the provisions regarding the employment of Young Persons in factories in
relation to Factories Act. Discuss the provisions for the welfare of the workers
under the Factories Act, 1948. [6+10]
4. (a) Define the term 'Employer' under the Minimum Wages Act. [4]
(b) Write the remedies available to the workers who have been paid less than
the minimum rate of wages. [4]
(c) State briefly the general procedure for final determination of disputes. [8]
5. Distinguish between 'Fair Wages' and 'Living Wages'. Discuss elaborately the
numerous powers and functions of Inspectors under the Minimum Wages Act.
[6+10]
6. (a) Define Workmen under the Workmen Compensation Act, 1923. [4]
(b) State the conditions under which an employer is liable to pay compensation
under this Act. [12]
7. (a) Explain the constitution of the 'Corporation' under the Employees State
Insurance Act, 1948. [4]
(b) State the law relating to registration, cessation and disqualifications of the
membership of the Corporation. [12]
8. Discuss elaborately the salient features of the Fatal Accident Act, 1855. [16]
9. State the liabilities of 'Principal' and 'Contractor' in respect of compensation
payable under the Workmen Compensation Act. Mention the situations under
which compensation be suspended or extinguished. [8+8]
10. Write short notes on any four of the following: [4×4]
(a) Certifying Surgeon.
(b) Notice by Occupier.
(c) Minimum Wages.
(d) Insured Person.
(e) Factory.
(f) Partial and Total Disablement.
(g) Dependent.
↑

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2017 | Human Rights Law and Practice

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 1st Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Define the term "Human Right" and explain the scope and ambit of it in National
and International Perspectives. [16]
2. Discuss various rights as enumerated in the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, 1948. [16]
3. Critically explain the utility of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948
with reference to Indian scenario. [16]
4. Discuss the National and International legal provisions and cases relating to
protection of the rights of women. [16]
5. Explain and examine the legal provisions relating to protection of rights of child
and prevention and control of child abuse. [16]
6. Write a critical note on Reservation Policy in Human Rights Perspective. [16]
7. Write a note on Right to Life and Personal Liberty with reference to the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Indian Constitution. [16]
8. Discuss Right to Religion with reference to the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights and Indian Constitution. [16]
9. Critically evaluate Social Economic and Cultural Rights as guaranteed under the
International Convention and Indian Constitution. [16]
10. Write short notes on any two from the following : [8×2]
(a) Enforcement of Human Rights in India.
(b) 'Due Process of Law' - with reference to suitable cases.
(c) Civil and Political Rights.
(d) Fundamental Duties.
(e) Working of National Human Rights Commission.
↑

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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2017 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 2nd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Group - A
Answer any three Questions
1. (a) What do you mean by the term "Interpretation of Statute"? discuss. [10]
(b) Is there any difference between Construction of Statute and Interpretation of
Statutes? [6]
2. (a) What is 'Golden Rule of Interpretation'? Explain with case laws. [8]
(b) Discuss the Rule of Harmonious Construction of Statute. [8]
3. "Intention of the legislature is a common but slippery phrase" - (Watson). Explain
the relevance of Judicial interpretation of the intention of the legislature. [16]
4. (a) Discuss the Mischief Rule and state the reason why is it often termed as
'Heydon's Rule'. [8]
(b) Discuss the Doctrine of Severability and Doctrine of Colourable Legislation.
[8]
5. What is meant by Internal Aids to Construction of Statutes? Explain how
Preamble and Proviso are Internal Aids. [16]
6. Explain on (any two) : [8×2]
(a) Rule of Ejusdem Generis.
(b) Mutatis Mutandis.
(c) Noscitur a Sociis.
(d) Generalia Specialibus Non-Derogant.
Group - B
Answer any one Questions
7. Write short notes on (any four) : [4×4]
(a) Union Territory. (d) District Judge.
(b) Collector. (e) Service by Post.
(c) India. (f) Month and Year.
8. Discuss the salient features of the General Clauses Act, 1897 in brief. [16]
Group - C
Answer any one Questions
9. (a) Discuss the nature and scope of Legislation. [8]
(b) What do you understand the term 'Delegated Legislation'? [8]
10. Briefly discuss the different types of Legislative Instruments. [16]
↑

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2017 | Environmental Law

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 3rd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Why is the Human Environment and Development Conference at Stockholm of
1972, regarded as the 'Magna Carta' of environment and sustainable
development? Discuss its main principles. [16]
2. (a) Define the term 'Environment' and 'Pollution' as defined in Environment
Protection Act 1986. [2+2]
(b) Discuss the various constitutional mandates which deal with protection of
environment in our country. [12]
3. (a) State the composition of the Central Pollution Control Board under The
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. [6]
(b) Discuss few important functions of the Central Board for Prevention and
Control of Water Pollution. [10]
4. 'The judicial grammar of interpretation has broadened the scope and ambit of
Article 21 and now it includes. Right to Live in healthy environment under Right
to Life' - Discuss. [16]
5. (a) Discuss the various legislative measures available in India to control Noise
Pollution. [10]
(b) Discuss the judicial attitude towards control of Noise Pollution through a
landmark judgement in this regard. [6]
6. Define any four of the following : [4×4]
(a) Silence Zone. (d) Reserve Forest.
(b) Precautionary Principle. (e) Climate Change.
(c) Hazardous Substance. (f) Protected Areas.
7. What is a Sanctuary? What restrictions have been placed on the entry in a
Sanctuary? What are the duties of a person residing in a Sanctuary? What acts
are prohibited in a Sanctuary? [3+5+4+4]
8. (a) Discuss the power of State Government to declare 'Air Pollution Control
Areas' and give instructions for ensuring Standards for emission from
automobiles. [8]
(b) What is the power of State Board to take samples of air or emission? [8]
9. Discuss how PIL has played an important role in environmental protection in
India and how the judiciary has applied the principles of sustainable
development while deciding the cases. [16]
10. Discuss the important of the Kyoto Protocol and state its important provisions.
[16]
↑

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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2017 | Labour and Industrial Laws I

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 4th Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Discuss, the duties and functions of the Inspector under the Factories Act, 1948.
[16]
2. Explain the various measures regarding the protection of the health of workers
under the Factories Act, 1948. [16]
3. (a) Define the term 'Factory' under the Factories Act, 1948. [6]
(b) Discuss the general duties of Occupier of a Factory. [10]
4. (a) Define the term 'Employer' and 'Wages' under the Minimum Wages Act,
1948. [5]
(b) Discuss the procedure to be followed in fixing the minimum rate of Wages in
an Industry. [5]
5. (a) Explain 'Fair Wages' and 'Living Wages' under the Minimum Wages Act,
1948. [8]
(b) Who will be appointed as an 'Inspector' under the Minimum Wages Act? [8]
6. Discuss the liability of the Employer to pay compensation under the Workmen's
Compensation Act, 1923. [16]
7. Discuss the Rights of a Workman in respect of compensation for personal injury
caused to him in an accident arisen out in the course of employment. [16]
8. Discuss the constitution of the Corporation under the Employees State Insurance
Act, 1948. What types of establishment come within the purview of the above
Act? [16]
9. Explain the following terms under the Employee's State Insurance Act. [4×4]
(a) Wages.
(b) Standing Committee.
(c) Employee.
(d) Disablement .
10. Discuss, in brief, the salient features of the Fatal Accident Act, 1885. [16]
↑

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2016 | Human Rights Law and Practice

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 1st Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) Define the term 'Human Rights'. [4]
(b) What are the instruments that constitute the International Ball of Human
Rights? (explain in Details) [12]
2. Discuss the origin and development of Human Rights with special reference to
International Insights. [16]
3. Examine the role of UN. High Commissioner in the protection and promotion of
Human rights. [16]
4. Discuss the role of Indian Judiciary in the Protection and Promotion of Human
Rights in India. [16]
5. Discuss the concept of Human Rights with special reference to National and
International Insights. [16]
6. Discuss the scope and ambit of the protection of Human Rights Act of 1993. [16]
7. Write a critical note on the convention on Rights of Child, 1989. [16]
8. Discuss about the various rights recognised under International Convention on
Elimination of Discrimination against women, 1979. [16]
9. Explain the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 and its utility. [16]
10. Write short notes on any two : [8×2]
(a) Human Rights Courts.
(b) Human Rights and Environment.
(c) National Human Rights Commission.
(d) Human Rights and United Nation Charter.
↑

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 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2016 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 2nd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Group - A
Answer any three Questions
1. (a) What do you mean by Interpretation of Statute? [4]
(b) Discuss the 'Literal Rule of Interpretation' with decided case law. [12]
2. (a) Discuss the Rule or 'Harmonious Construction of Statute'. [8]
(b) Discuss the 'External Aids' to Construction of Statute. [8]
3. Explain (any two) : [8+8]
(a) Utres Majis Valeat Quam Parent.
(b) Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius.
(c) Reddendo Singula Singulis.
(d) Ejusdem Generis.
4. (a) Explain the Rule of Interpretation of Penal Statute with Case Laws. [8]
(b) Explain the Rule of Interpretation of Taxing Statute with case laws. [8]
5. (a) Explain the nature of 'Consolidating Statute' and 'Amending Statute'. [10]
(b) 'Statute to be read as a whole' - Explain. [6]
6. Discuss in Brief the different rule of Interpretation of Constitution with case
laws. [16]
Group - B
Answer any one Questions
7. Discuss the following provisions of the General Clause Act, 1897 : [4×4]
(a) Effect of Repeal. (c) Measurement of Distance.
(b) Computation of Time. (d) Revival of Repealed Enactment.
8. Write short notes (any four) : [4×4]
(a) Central Act. (d) Immovable Property.
(b) Affidavit. (e) Offence.
(c) Document. (f) Month and Year.
Group - C
Answer any one Questions
9. (a) What is the difference between Bail and an Act? [6]
(b) Discuss the importance of 'Delegated Legislation'. [10]
10. Discuss the Bentham's Theory of Utilitarianism. [16]
↑

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 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2016 | Environmental Law

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 3rd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. "Rio declaration reaffirmed the Stockholm declaration with the object to establish
global partnership to protect human environment" - Explain. [16]
2. (a) State the salient features of Kyoto Protocol 1997. [8]
(b) Write a brief note on Rio-declaration 1992. [8]
3. "The Directive principles under The Constitution of India directed towards ideals
of building welfare state. Healthy environment is also one of the elements of
welfare state" - Explain. [16]
4. Discuss the Fundamental Rights contemplated in Art. 14 and 19(1)(g) of The
Constitution of India in the context of Environmental Protection. [16]
5. Explain the objects, reasons and background of passing The Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986. [16]
6. Examine the power of Central Government to take measures to protect and
improve environment under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, Also explain
'Hazardous Substance' as defined in The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
[10+6]
7. (a) Discuss the power of the Central Government to take measures to protect
and improve the environment as laid down under The Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 for emission or discharge of Environmental Pollutants.
(b) Write brief note on The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the Constitutional vision of the Indian Courts regarding the Right to
Environmental under Article 21. [8]
(b) Write a note on Writs as remedies to enforce the Right to Environment. [8]
9. (a) How can an area be declared as 'Air Pollution Control Area' by the State
Government? [8]
(b) What are the essential qualifications to be member of the Pollution Control
Board as laid down in the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1974? [8]
10. Write short notes on any four of the following : [4×4]
(a) Polluter Pays Principle.
(b) Sustainable Development.
(c) Strict Liability.
(d) Green Bench.
(e) Precautionary Principle.
(f) National Park.
↑

18 2016 | Environmental Law | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2016 | Labour and Industrial Laws I

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 4th Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Define 'Worker'. Discuss various provisions relating to 'Safety' and 'Health' of the
Workers under the Factories Act, 1948. [4+12]
2. Discuss the law relating to appointment, power and duties of Inspector under the
Factories Act, 1948. [4+6+6]
3. Write short notes on any four : [4×4]
(a) Certifying Surgeon. (d) Factory.
(b) Working hours of adults. (e) Notice by Occupier.
(c) Employment of young persons. (f) Certificate of Fitness.
4. Discuss suit for compensation to the family of a person for loss caused to it by his
death by actionable wrong under the Fatal Accidents Act, 1885. What relief may
be given by court and to whom and in what manner? [10+6]
5. Discuss the powers and functions of 'Standing Committee' under the Employee's
State Insurance Act, 1948. Examine the procedure for supersession of the
'Corporation' and 'Standing Committee'. [8+8]
6. Distinguish between 'Fair Wage' and 'Living Wage'. Discuss the power and
functions of Inspector under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. [6+10]
7. Define 'Wages'. Describe the principles and procedure to be followed in fixing the
Minimum Rate of Wages in an Industry. [6+10]
8. What is the time of payment of wages to the persons employed under the
Payment of Wages Act, 1936? Briefly discuss the statutory provision relating to
payment of undisbursed wages in cases of death of employed person. [6+10]
9. Define 'Workman' under the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923. What are the
conditions under which an employer is liable to pay compensation under this Act?
[6+10]
10. Write short notes on any four : [4×4]
(a) Partial Disablement. (e) Industrial or Other Establishment.
(b) Total Disablement. (f) Insured Person.
(c) Qualification Medical Practitioner. (g) Dependent.
(d) Minimum Wages.
↑

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2016 | Labour and Industrial Laws I 19

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2015 | Human Rights Law and Practice

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 1st Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Define 'Human Rights' and trace out the history of development of 'Human
Rights' to India. [16]
2. Compare and contrast between International Covenants of Civil and Political
Rights and Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966. [16]
3. Discuss the scope and ambit of the Protection of Human Rights Act of 1993.
Discuss its important features relating to the protection of Women. [16]
4. Write a critical note on International Convention on Elimination of
Discrimination against Women, 1979. [16]
5. Discuss about various rights recognised under the International Convention on
the Rights of Child, 1989. [16]
6. Discuss the powers and functions of National and State Human Rights
Commissions established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. [16]
7. Compare between Human Rights recognised under the Universal Declaration of
Human Right 1948 and Fundamental Rights under the Constitution of India. [16]
8. Discuss the origin and development of Human Rights with reference to
International Insights. [16]
9. Discuss in detail the role of the Indian Apex Court in the enforcement of Human
Rights. [16]
10. Write short notes on any two of the following : [8×2]
(a) Right to Life.
(b) Equality and Non-discrimination.
(c) Human Rights Courts.
(d) Rights of Women in India.
(e) Human Rights and Environment Protection.
↑

20 2015 | Human Rights Law and Practice | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2015 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 2nd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Group - A
Answer any three Questions
1. (a) What do you mean by the term "Interpretation of Statute"? Discuss. [10]
(b) Is there any difference between Constitution of Statutes and Interpretation
of Statute? [6]
2. (a) What is 'Golden Rule of Interpretation'? Explain with case laws. [8]
(b) Discuss the Rule of Harmonious Construction of Statute. [8]
3. (a) Discuss the Mischief Rule of Interpretation with decided case Laws. [8]
(b) Discuss the role of Interpretation of Penal Statutes. [8]
4. Explain the different parts of a Statute with illustrations. [16]
5. Explain on (any two) : [8×2]
(a) Rule of Ejusdem Generis.
(b) Statute to be read as a whole.
(c) Noscitur a Sociis.
(d) Reddendo Singula Singulis.
6. Discuss the following (any two) : [8×2]
(a) Rule of Pith and Substance
(b) Doctrine of Severability
(c) Doctrine of Colourable Legislation
Group - B
Answer any one Questions
7. Write short notes on (any four) : [4×4]
(a) Offence.
(b) Collector.
(c) India.
(d) District Judge.
(e) Document.
(f) Service by Post.
8. Discuss the salient feature of the General Clause Act, 1897 in brief. [16]
Group - C
Answer any one Questions
9. (a) Discuss the nature and scope of Legislation. [10]
(b) What do you understand by the term 'Delegated legislation'? [6]
10. Discuss the Bentham's Theory of 'Utilitarianism'. [16]
↑

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2015 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation 21

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2015 | Environmental Law

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 3rd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) State the objects behind enacting the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. [6]
(b) Discuss the salient feature of Rio-Declaration. [10]
2. (a) Discuss 'Polluter Plays Principle'. [8]
(b) Explain the principles laid down by the Supreme Court of India in the
Oleum Gas leak case. [8]
3. (a) How is the Central Pollution Control Board constituted under the Water
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974? [8]
(b) What are the essential qualification to be a member of the Pollution Control
Board, as laid down in the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1974? [8]
4. (a) Discuss the concept of 'Consent Mechanism' in respect of the State Board as
a safeguard against Air Pollution as provided in the Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981? [8]
(b) What steps should be taken by the State Board under the Air (Prevention
and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, in case of an accidental emission of any
Air Pollutant in excess of the standards as laid down by the State Board? [8]
5. (a) Explain the Constitutional vision of the Indian Courts regarding the right to
Environment under article 21. [8]
(b) Write a note on Writs as remedies to enforce the Right to Environment'. [8]
6. (a) Discuss the significance of the 'Taj Trapezium Case' as decided by the
Hon'ble Supreme Court in the field of Air Pollution. [8]
(b) Explain the restrictions on the use of loud speaker system under the Noise
Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rule, 2000. [8]
7. (a) Briefly discuss the emergency measures that the State Board may take to
mitigate Air Pollution under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981? [8]
(b) Discuss the briefly the Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991. [8]
8. (a) Discuss briefly the administrative machinery for Protection and Sanctuaries
in the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. [8]
(b) Write a brief note on 'National Park'. [8]
9. Explain how 'Public Interest Litigation' has emerged as a weapon to redress the
grievances of the people suffering from the hazardous effect of pollution on
environment and ecology. [16]
10. Write Short notes on any four of the following : [4×4]
(a) Strict Liability.
(b) Absolute Liability.
(c) Silence Zone.

22 2015 | Environmental Law | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

(d) Hazardous Substance.

(e) Reserved Forest.
(f) Sustainable Development.
↑

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2015 | Environmental Law 23

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2015 | Labour and Industrial Laws I

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 4th Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) Define 'Factory' as laid down under the Factories Act, 1948. [6]
(b) What are the general duties of occupier of a Factory? [10]
2. (a) How is the Inspector under Factories Act Appointed? [6]
(b) What are the powers of an inspector as provided under the Factories Act,
1948? [10]
3. (a) What are the provisions regarding Employment of Young Persons in
Factories? [6]
(b) Describe the provisions for the welfare of workers under the Factories Act,
1948. [10]
4. (a) Define the term 'Employer' under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. [4]
(b) What is the remedy available to the worker who has been paid less the
Minimum Rates of Wages? State the procedure for the final determination of
the dispute? [12]
5. What are the conditions under which as employer is liable to pay compensation
under the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923? When compensation will be
suspended or extinguished? [16]
6. (a) What shall be the amount of compensations to be paid to the worker or his
dependent? [8]
(b) What is the liability of the Principal and the Contractor in respect of
compensation payable under the workmen's Compensation Act, 1923? [8]
7. What are the procedures for determination of period of wages and how the wages
of the employee will be disbursed? [16]
8. Explain the following terms under the Employee's State Insurance Act, 1948.
[4×4]
(a) Employee.
(b) Standing Committee.
(c) Contribution.
(d) Disablement.
↑

24 2015 | Labour and Industrial Laws I | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2014 | Human Rights Law and Practice

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 1st Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. Discuss the concept of Human Rights with special reference to National and
International Insights. [16]
2. Write a critical note on Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948. [16]
3. Discuss the various principles adopted in the International Convention on
Elimination of Discrimination against Women, 1979. [16]
4. Compare and contrast between Civil and Political Rights and Economic, Social
and Cultural Rights as recognised in the Covenants 1966. [16]
5. Write in brief what are the rights incorporated in the Convention on Rights of
Child 1989? [16]
6. Discuss the power and functions of the National Human Rights Commission
established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. [16]
7. Discuss the role of the Supreme court and High Courts in implementing Human
Rights in India. [16]
8. Discuss the relation between Human Rights and Rights guaranteed under the
Constitution of Indian and compare between them. [16]
9. "Human Rights means rights relating to life, liberty, equality and human dignity
of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the international
covenants and enforceable by court in India". Critically discuss. [16]
10. Write short notes on any two of the following : [8+8]
(a) Human Rights Courts.
(b) Human Rights and Environment.
(c) Human rights and UN Charter.
(d) State Human Rights Commission.
↑

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2014 | Human Rights Law and Practice 25

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2014 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 2nd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Group - A
Answer any three Questions
1. What do you understand by the term 'Interpretation of Statute'? Explain the
Literal or Grammatical Rule of Interpretation with case law. [4+12]
2. (a) Discuss the 'Golden Rule of Interpretation' with relevant case laws. [9]
(b) Discuss the Rule of Interpretation of Penal Statutes. [7]
3. What do you understand by the term 'Internal and External Aids' to
construction? Discuss. [16]
4. (a) Discuss the Rule of Harmonious Construction of Statute. [8]
(b) 'Statutes to be read as a whole' - Explain. [8]
5. Explain in (any two) : [8×2]
(a) Noscitur a Sociis.
(b) Utres Majis Valeat Quam Parent.
(c) Expressio Unius Est Exclusio Alterius.
(d) Contemporanea Expositio.
6. Discuss the rules of Interpretation of Constitution. [16]
Group - B
Answer any one Questions
7. (a) Discuss the object of general Clauses Act, 1897. [8]
(b) What is the effect of repeal of an enactment? [8]
8. Write short notes on (any four) : [4×4]
(a) Affidavit
(b) Immovable Property
(c) Document
(d) Central Act
(e) District Judge
(f) Union Territory
Group - C
Answer any one Questions
9. Explain the Bentham's Theory of Utilitarianism. [16]
10. (a) State the nature of 'Delegated Legislation'. [10]
(b) What do you mean by the term 'Sub-delegation of Legislative Power'? [6]
↑

26 2014 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2014 | Environmental Law

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 3rd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) Discuss the salient features of Rio Declaration, 1992. [10]
(b) Discuss - 'Polluter Pays Principle'. [6]
2. (a) Discuss the power of the Central Government to take measures to protect
and improve the environment as laid down under the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986. [10]
(b) What are the restrictions as imposed by the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986 for emission or discharge of Environmental Pollutants? [6]
3. (a) How can an area be declared as 'Air Pollution Control Area' by the State
Government? [8]
(b) Write a note on 'Noise Pollution'. [8]
4. (a) Discuss the Rule of Strict Liability. [8]
(b) What are the exceptions to the above rule? [8]
5. (a) Define the term 'Hazardous Substance' as laid down under the Environment
(Protection Act), 1986. [4]
(b) Trace the relationship between the 'Public Nuisance' and 'Environment
Pollution'. Answer in the light of the various Court decisions. [12]
6. (a) What is the meaning of 'Silence Zone' as laid down under the Noise Pollution
(Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000? [4]
(b) How does the State Government constitute an area as 'National Park' under
the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. [12]
7. (a) Examine the environmental concerns directly addressed by the Constitution
of India. [8]
(b) Can you discuss a case law in which Hon'ble Supreme Court issued
directions under Article 48A of the Constitution to protect environment? [8]
8. "Protection of environment is not only the duty of the citizens but is also the
obligation of the State and all other State organs including the Court" - Justify
the comment in the Indian Context with special reference to the Judicial
Activism. [16]
9. (a) How is the 'Central Pollution Board' Constituted under the Water
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974? [10]
(b) What are the essential qualifications to be a member of the Pollution Control
Board, as laid down in the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1974? [6]
10. Write short notes (any four) : [4×4]
(a) Green Bench.
(b) Environment Pollutant.
(c) Sanctuary.

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2014 | Environmental Law 27

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

(d) Precautionary Principle.

(e) Village Forests.
(f) Absolute Liability.
↑

28 2014 | Environmental Law | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2014 | Labour and Industrial Laws I

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 4th Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) Define 'Factory' under the Factories Act - 1948. [3]
(b) What notice an occupier is required to give before he occupies the premises as to
Factory? [5]
(c) What are the general duties of Manufacturer as regards articles and substances for
use in factories? [8]
2. Enumerate the various measures contemplated by the factories Act - 1948 regarding
protection of the health of workers. [16]
3. (a) What are the previous regarding employment of young persons in factories?
(b) Describe the provisions for the welfare for workers under the Factories Act, 1948?
[6+10]
4. (a) Define the term 'Employer' under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. [4]
(b) What is the remedy available to the worker who has been paid less than the
minimum rates of wages? State the procedure for the final determination of the
dispute? [8]
(c) When court will not entertain any complaint? [4]
5. (a) Define the term 'Wages' under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948. [4]
(b) Describe the principles and procedure to be followed in fixing the Minimum Rate of
Wages in an Industry. [12]
6. (a) What is the time of payment of wages to the persons employed under the Payment
of Wages Act, 1936? [7]
(b) How Inspector are appointed under this Act? Describe the powers and functions of
Inspector. [9]
7. (a) What are the conditions under which an Employer is liable to pay compensation
under the Workmen's Compensation act, 1923? [8]
(b) What shall be the amount of compensation to be paid to the worker or his
dependent? [8]
8. (a) Explain the constitution of the corporation under the Employees State Insurance
Act, 1948. [7]
(b) What are the provisions of law as to resignation, cessation and disqualification of
the membership of corporation? [9]
9. (a) What is meant by Contribution? How the Payment of Employers and Employees are
made? [4+6]
(b) Discuss the procedure for calculation of average daily wages. [6]
10. (a) Under what circumstances, a suit for compensation to be family of a person for loss
occasioned to it by his death by actionable wrong may be filed under the final
accident Act, 1885? [9]
(b) What relief may be given by court and to whom and in what manner? [7]
↑

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2014 | Labour and Industrial Laws I 29

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

2013 | Human Rights Law and Practice

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 1st Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) What is meant by 'Human Rights'? [6]
(b) What are the instruments that constitute the International Bill of Human
Rights? Explain in detail. [10]
2. Discuss the salient feature of Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Examine
the binding effect of the Declaration on domestic system of laws. [8+8]
3. Trace out the provision of Human Rights contained in the Constitution of India?
[16]
4. Explain the relationship between "Human Rights" and "Fundamental Rights"
under the Constitution of India. Write a note on "Human Rights of Women".
[12+4]
5. (a) Write a note on International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1996.
(b) Discuss its legal effects in India. [12+4]
6. Examine the role of the Indian Judiciary in the protection and promotion of
Human Rights in India. [16]
7. (a) What is the role of the UN High Commissioner in the protection of Human
Rights? [8]
(b) Discuss the function of the office of the High Commission for Human Rights.
[8]
8. Discuss the power and function of National Human Rights Commission as laid
down in the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. [16]
9. (a) Discuss the constitution and jurisdiction of the State Human Rights
Commission. [10]
(b) Is there any limitation laid down in the Protection of Human Rights Act,
1993, on the power of the Commission relating to inquiries? [6]
10. Write short notes on any two of the following : [8+8]
(a) Rights of Child.
(b) Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
(c) Right to compensation for wrongful arrest, detention and torture.
(d) Human Right Court
↑

30 2013 | Human Rights Law and Practice | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2013 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 2nd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Group - A
Answer any three Questions
1. (a) What do you mean by Interpretation of Statute? What is the object of
Interpretation? [10]
(b) Is there any difference between Constitution of Statute and Interpretation of
Statutes? [6]
2. (a) What is 'Golden Rule of Interpretation'? It is really so golden? [8]
(b) Discuss the Mischief Rule and state the reason why is it often termed as
'Haydon's Rule'. [8]
3. 'Intention of the Legislature is a common but slippery phrase' -(Watson). Explain
the relevance of judicial interpretation of the intention of the Legislature. [16]
4. What is meant by Internal Aids to Construction of Statutes? Explain how
Preamble and Proviso are Internal Aids. [16]
5. (a) Discuss the what type of Rule of Construction of Statutes? Explain how
preamble and Proviso are Internal Aids. [16]
(b) Explain the Rule of Interpretation of Penal Statutes. [6]
6. Write short notes on (any four) : [4×4]
(a) Rule of Ejusdem Generis.
(b) Reddendo Singula Singulis.
(c) Generalia Specialibus Non-Derogant.
(d) Mutatis Mutandis.
(e) Consolidating Statutes.
Group - B
Answer any one Questions
7. Write short notes on (any four) : [4×4]
(a) Central Act.
(b) Union Territory.
(c) Collector.
(d) India.
(e) Month and Year.
(f) Offence.
(g) District Judge.
(h) Service Post.
8. (a) Discuss the nature and object of the general Clauses Act, 1897. [10]
(b) What is the effect of repeal of an enactment? [6]
Group - C
Answer any one Questions

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2013 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation 31

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

9. (a) State the nature and scope of Legislation. [8]

(b) What is the difference between Bill and an Act? [8]
10. Briefly discuss the Bentham's Theory of Utilitarianism. [16]
Or,
Briefly discuss the different types of Legislative Instruments.
↑

32 2013 | Interpretation of Statutes and Principles of Legislation | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2013 | Environmental Law

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 3rd Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) What do you mean by the term 'Environment' and 'Environmental Pollution'
under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986? [4]
(b) What are the objects behind the enactment of the Environment (Protection)
Act, 1986? [4]
(c) Discuss the salient features of Rio Declaration. [8]
2. (a) Define the term 'Board' as laid down under the Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. [4]
(b) How is the Central Pollution Control Board constituted under the Water
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. [6]
(c) What are the essential qualifications to be a member of the Pollution Control
Board, as laid down in the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1974. [6]
3. (a) Define the term 'Air Pollution' as laid down under the Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. [4]
(b) Discuss the concept of 'Consent Mechanism' in respect of the state Board as
a safeguard against Air Pollution as provided in the Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. [8]
(c) What steps should be taken by the State Board under the Air (Prevention
and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, in case of an accidental emission of any
Air Pollution is excess of the standards as laid down by the State Board? [4]
4. (a) What is the constitutional vision of the Indian Courts regarding the Right to
Environment under Article 21 of the Constitution. [8]
(b) Are Constitutional Writs available as remedies to enforce the Right to
Environment? [8]
5. (a) What do you understand by the Concept of 'Absolute Liability'? Trace its
development in our country with reference to decided cases. [6+6]
(b) Distinguish between 'Strict and Absolute Liability'. [4]
6. (a) Define the term 'Hazardous Substance' as laid down under the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986. [4]
(b) What are the restrictions as imposed by the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986 for emission or discharge of Environmental Pollution? [4]
(c) Discuss the power of the Central Government to take measures to protect
and improve the environment as laid down under the Environmental
(Protection) Act, 1986. [8]
7. (a) What do you mean by the term 'Wild Life' and 'Wild Animal' as defined
under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972? [4]
(b) What are the restrictions on entry in a Sanctuary? What are the purpose for

instamojo.com/infinitybookstore | 2013 | Environmental Law 33

 Question Bank Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester

which visit may be allowed to the Sanctuary? [8]

(c) Distinguish between National Parks and Sanctuaries under Wild Life
(Protection) Act, 1972. [4]
8. Discuss the Role of Public Interest Litigation in development of Environment
Jurisprudence in the country. Cite relevant case laws. [16]
9. (a) Discuss the power of the State Pollution Control Board to take samples of
any sewage or trade effluent for the purpose of its analysis and the
procedure to be followed in connection therewith as laid down under the
Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act, 1974. [12]
(b) How is the report of the result of analysis of such sample prepared by the
analyst? [4]
10. Write short notes (any four) :
(a) Sustainable Development.
(b) Polluter Pays Principle.
(c) State Water Laboratory.
(d) National Park.
(e) Reserved Forests.
(f) Government Analyst.
(g) Ganga Pollution.
(h) Air Pollution Control Area.
↑

34 2013 | Environmental Law | instamojo.com/infinitybookstore

 Previous Years' Question Papers & Syllabus - 8th Semester Question Bank

2013 | Labour and Industrial Laws I

Full Marks - 80 8th Semester 4th Paper
The figures in the margin indicate full marks, Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.

Answer any five Questions

1. (a) Define 'Factory' as laid down under the Factories Act, 1948. [6]
(b) What are the general duties of occupier of a Factory? [10]
2. (a) How is the Inspector under Factories Act appointed? [6]
(b) What are the power of an Inspector, as provided under the Factories Act,
1948? [10]
3. (a) What procedure is followed for granting certificate of fitness by Certifying
Surgeon? [10]
(b) What is the period of work of children employed in Factory? [6]
4. Which types of safety measures will be taken in favour of workers during working
hours under the Factories Act, 1948? explain. [16]
5. (a) Discuss the power of commissioner under the Workman's Compensation Act,
1923 for awarding of compensation. [6]
(b) Discuss the rights of a workman in respect of compensation for personal
injury caused to him in an accident arisen out and in the course of
employment. [10]
6. What is the liability of the principal and the contactor in respect of compensation
payable under the Workman's Compensation Act, 1923 and when compensation
will be suspended or extinguished? [16]
7. (a) What are the power of Standing Committee under E.S.I. Act, 1948? [8]
(b) What are the procedure for supersession of the corporation and Standing
Committee? [8]
8. What are the procedure for determination of period of wages and how the wages
of the employee will be disbursed? [16]
9. (a) Define 'Fair Wages' and 'Living Wages' under the Minimum Wages Act,
1948. [8]
(b) Who will be appointed as an 'Inspector' under the Minimum Wages Act,
1948. [8]
10. Explain the following terms under the Employee's State Insurance Act, 1948 :
[4×4]
(a) Employee.
(b) Dependant.
(c) Disablement.
(d) Wage .
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