PRACTICE

TEST 5
SECTION TWO

STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

Time –25 minutes

(including the reading of the directions for each part)

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for
standard written English. There are two types of question in this section, with special directions for
each type.

Structure
Directions: Question 1 – 15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four
words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes
the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space
that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen. Fill in the space so that the letter
inside the oval cannot be seen.

Example 1 Sample Answer

Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes ______ they both emit
hold liquids from below the Earth’s surface.
(A) due to
(B) because
(C) in spite of
(D) regardless of

The sentence should read, “Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes because they both
emit hold liquids from below the Earth’s surface.” Therefore, you should choose (B).

Example 2 Sample Answer

During the early period of ocean navigation, ______ any need for
sophisticated instruments and techniques.

(A) so that hardly

(B) when there hardly was
(C) hardly was
(D) there was hardly

The sentence should read, “During the early period of ocean navigation, there was hardly any need
for sophisticated instruments and techniques.” Therefore, you should choose (D).

Now begin work on the questions.

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1. Fingerprints form an unchangeable 5. Historical linguists study _______ over
signature, and _______ for identification, time.
despite changes in the individual’s (A) languages evolve
appearance or age. (B) whether language evolution
(A) the use of fingerprint records (C) how languages evolve
(B) with the use of fingerprint records (D) evolution that languages
(C) when fingerprint records are used
6. Tennis star Chris Evert, who retired from
(D) fingerprint records can be used
the game after eighteen years, perhaps
2. Animals obtain their energy from _______. _______ more than anyone else to make
women’s professional tennis a widely
(A) eat their food
respected career.
(B) their food to eat
(C) the food they eat (A) who did
(D) they eat the food (B) has done
(C) and doing
3. Liquid water has fewer hydrogen bonds (D) to do
than ice, so more molecules can occupy
the same space, making liquid water 7. The daytime _______ bright because the
_______ than ice. Earth’s atmosphere scatters sunlight.

(A) more dense (A) while sky is

(B) is more dense (B) has a sky
(C) more than dense (C) sky is
(D) as more dense (D) for the sky

4. It is difficult for present-day readers 8. Edward Hopper’s paintings portray the

_______ Sister Carrie was withdrawn from loneliness and isolation of the individual
circulation at the turn of the century. _______.

(A) to understand the novel (A) is in an urbanized society

(B) why to understand the novel (B) in society is urbanized
(C) the novel to understand why (C) who in an urbanized society
(D) to understand why the novel (D) in an urbanized society

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9. Braille, _______ printing reading materials 12. Until the eighteenth century, charcoal was
for use by people who are blind, consists _______ used in blast furnaces, as well as
of a system of raised points or dots that in glassmaking, blacksmithing, and
are read by touch. metalworking.

(A) is a method of (A) what the chief fuel

(B) a method of (B) the chief fuel that
(C) which a method of (C) the chief fuel was
(D) a method is of (D) the chief fuel

10. The art of landscape architecture is almost 13. Pure iron cannot be hardened by heating
as old _______ of architecture itself. and cooling, as _______, because iron
lacks the necessary carbon.
(A) as that
(B) that (A) steel it can
(C) as (B) can steel
(D) than that (C) with steel can
(D) so can steel
11. The development of synthetic fibers after
1940 led to the production of new types of 14. Rapids and waterfalls, _______ along
fabrics _______ more durable and easier virtually all Massachusetts waterways,
to care for. provided power in colonial times for grist
and saw mills and later for textile mills.
(A) that they were
(B) that were (A) common
(C) were (B) were common
(D) and were (C) which, being common
(D) being common, were

15. Airsickness is produced by a disturbance of

the inner car, _______ psychogenic
factors, such as fear, also play a part.

(A) in spite of
(B) neither
(C) nor
(D) although

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 Written Expression

Directions: In questions 16 – 40, each sentence has four underlined words or phrases. The four
underlined parts of the sentences are marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Identify the one underlined
word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer
sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the
answer you have chosen.

Look at the following examples.

Example 1 Sample Answer

Guppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of
A B C
the male’s bright colors.
D

The sentence should read, “Guppies are sometimes called rainbow fish because of the males’
bright colors.” Therefore, you should choose (A).

Example 1 Sample Answer

Serving several term in Congress, Shirley Chisholm

A B
became an important United States politician.
C D
The sentence should read, “Serving several terms in Congress, Shirley Chisholm became an
important United States politician. Therefore, you should choose (B).

Now begin work on the questions.

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16. A large collections of materials focused on Louisiana’s history and culture is provided
A B C D
by the Williams Research Center in New Orleans.

17. Mary Austin’s first book, The Land of Little Rain, a description of desert life in the western
A B
United States, won she immediate fame in 1903.
C D

18. The most abundant phosphate mineral, appetite, includes several type that vary in
A B C
their content of fluorine, chlorine, or hydroxyl ions.
D

19. Having gained a reputation as a daring, intrepid journalist, Nellie Bly became
A
the first female report assigned to the Eastern front during the First World War.
B C D

20. In 1862 Abraham Lincoln signed the Homestead Act, allows settlers 160 acres of free land
A B C
after they had worked it for five years.
D

21. Along with the other physical sciences, meteorology has developed in the past three
A B
centuries from myth and folklore to rigorous observation, computation, and analyze.
C D

22. In 1973 the United States armed forces were placed on an all-volunteer basis for a
A B C
first time since 1948.
D

23. Because lions do not have exceptional speedy, they must rely on the element of surprise
A B C
for the hunt.
D

24. The position of the Earth’s magnetic poles is not constant but shows an appreciable
A B C
change after year to year.
D

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25. Grassland vegetation reduces competition for water among species by concentrates
A B C
roots at different levels.
D

26. Like the giant reptiles, most lineage’s of organisms have eventually become
A B
extinct; still, some exist that have changed very little in millions of year.
C D

27. Demonstrations public are an effective means by which advocacy groups can bring
A B
inequalities to the attention of local, state, and federal officials.
C D

28. Methods used in preparing articles for an encyclopedia differs, depending on

A B C
the length of the article.
D

29. Since the advent of rock music in the 1950’s, the popular music of the United States
A B
has become a significant musical influence around world.
C D

30. Cloud droplets and ice crystals first form on certain types of small particles of
A B C
dust or another airborne materials.
D

31. Male fiddler crabs have huge claws that move back and forth similar violinists move
A B
their arms when playing the violin.
C D

32. Daylight saving time came into useful in the United States in an effort to conserve
A B
electricity by having business hours correspond to the hours of natural daylight.
C D

33. Almost every fruits and vegetables contain riboflavin; the richest sources are leafy
A B C
green vegetables such as spinach, kale, or turnip greens.
D

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34. Gold lends itself to the making of decorative articles because of its great resistant
A B C D
to corrosion and tarnish and its ease of working.

35. Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the values of life in a coherent,
A B
systematic, and science manner.
C D

36. Indiscriminately dumping of waste materials and inadequate sewage treatment are two
A B
serious causes of environmental pollution.
C D

37. The builders of the variety ancient cliff ruins scattered throughout the canyons and mesas
A B C
of the arid Southwest of the United States are known as the cliff dwellers.
D

38. A fragrant plant has tiny sacs that makes and stores the substances that give it
A B C D
a pleasant odor.

39. Nomadic hunter and gatherer societies have access to only a limited amount of
A
food in an area and moved on when they have exhausted each locality.
B C D

40. Collagen, a strong rubbery protein, supports the ear flaps and the tip of nose in humans.
A B C D

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