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168 views61 pagesPull Off Adhesion Test
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
168 views61 pagesPull Off Adhesion Test
PAINTING DEFECTS
Uploaded by
Natarajan MurugesanCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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=
Coating Adhesion Testing Methods
and Equipment
© Webinar Content:
Why Measure Adhesion Properties?
AV ayslan sm sc—lfaoal\Y cree re Pa
Selecting an Adhesion Testing Method
NV [cre a ale aie) ada |e a
NYS gi awNe |g —clelan ala a acme
Measuring Pull-off Adhesion
_ Fixed Alignment - Mechanical
__ Self-Aligning - Hydraulic (3 devices)
ese Talla ean s(t
Special Requirements for Testing Concrete Coating Adhesion
Common Pitfalls When Testing Coating Adhesion
Reporting Learning Outcomes
©@ Completion of this webinar will enable the participant
to:
Explain the purpose of testing the adhesion properties of coatings
Describe the two types of adhesion testing mechanisms
List four standard test methods used to test the adhesion of coating
Syn
Describe the difference between shear adhesion and tensile adhesion
LV [crectUIg MU alR-(e]atoss(0 lao meCoy=lN a aKa MU IIa Me aRE LM nari pele]
Measure the adhesion of coating systems using the knife method Learning Outcomes, continued
@Describe the difference between fixed alignment and self aligning
adhesion testers
P= soE the differences between testing the pull-off strength of
coatings applied to steel and concrete surfaces
Peco eR SASL (pull-off) strength of coating systems using
mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatically-operated testing devices
__ List common pitfalls associated with adhesion testing of coatings
— Eval uate potential locations of break, including adhesion, cohesion
Flaten) maa VAN cCSUlnet\cla-slela an
Properties?
© Determine specification
compliance
Common in-process
inspection of TSC
© Determine maintenance
strategy for existing
coating systems
_ Adhesion data is not
typically a predictor of
coating performance What is Being Measured?
@ Measuring Coating Strength at Different Planes
Adhesion Strength
_ Bond strength between the substrate and the coating and/or
the coating layers to one another
Cohesion Strength
_ Inner-strength of a coating layer
~ Adhesion strength is highly variable
~ No industry-wide adhesion acceptance value
_ Minimum adhesion values may be ona PDS or ina
specification Selecting a Test Method
D 3359-09
D 6677-07
D4541-09
D 7234-05
Adhesion By Tape Test
Knife Adhesion
Pull-off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion
Testers
Pull-off Strength of Coatings on Concrete Using Portable Pull
-off Adhesion Testers Selecting a Test Method
©@ Tape and Knife Adhesion require minimal equipment
and can be conducted quickly
Evaluate “shear” or “peel” strength (peel-back)
© Pull-off adhesion requires specialized equipment and
the testing takes comparatively longer to perform
Evaluates pull-off strength (resistance to perpendicular
pull)
~ Cannot compare data, since testing mechanisms are
different
_ Adhesion testing is destructive to the coating film Measuring Adhesion By Tape
es
@ Equipment
© Steel ruler or guide
© Utility knife
Cassa 0a)
© Adhesive tape
© Magnifier
~ ASTM Test Method
BG reso aa K-oe-le
(alternative to knife
and guide) sii
‘Measuring Adhesion By ape.
Test
@ Step 1: Select test area(s) and conduct triplicate tests
per area
© Step 2: Determine the thickness of the coating system
© Step 3: Select the test method based on the coating
thickness
Method A (X-cut): Coating thickness > 5 mils
Method B (Cross-cut): Coating thickness < 5 mils
Up to2mils: Use 1mm spacing between incisions (11 cuts)
From 2-5 mils: Use 2mm spacing between incisions (6 cuts) a
~ Measuring Adhesion By Tape Test
Method A (X-cut)
© Make a single 1.5” cut
through the coating
. a
system. Avoid multiple = S :
eee et .
© Make a second cut to ,
icolgank- lah. @
ie) 0a atoll
intersection of the “X” __Measuring Adhesion By. a
Res
Method A (X-cut)
@ Remove cutting debris
@ Remove 2 laps of tape
(discard)
© Apply 3” piece of tape to
ei
© Cover all of X-cut
© Assure good tape contact
~ Remove tape within 90
+/- 30 seconds
~ Remove tape 180° back
across X-cut (do not pull
upwards) Measuring Adhesion By Fape— —_
es
Method A (X-cut)
No peeling or removal
Trace peeling or removal along the incisions
Jagged removal along the incisions up to 1/16” on either side
Jagged removal along the incisions up to 1/8" on either side
Removal of most of the coating from the area of the “X” under
the tape
Removal of coating beyond the area of the “X” AV ec laays Adhesion By Tape Test
Method B (Cross-cut)
© Make series of 6 or 11
fey le-) Cc aeii(e) as) “A
through the coating ‘e.
system. Avoid multiple .
[eye cioc
~ Make a second series of
incisions perpendicular
oh esas) _Measuring Adhesion By Tape—
Res
Method B (Cross-cut)
@ Remove cutting debris
CBN lanle) WA] 00m t-] 91)
(discard) Sy 97)
© Apply 3” piece of tape to eH |
grid ae E
© Cover all of grid
© Assure good tape contact
4
~ Remove tape within 90 4
+/- 30 seconds | _
~ Remove tape 180° back re il a
across cross-cut (do not
pull upwards) Measuring Adhesion By Tape
Test
Method B (Cross-cut)
Rating % Description
5B 0% — Edges of cuts completely
smooth
Small flakes of coating detached
at intersections
Small flakes of coating detached
along edges & at intersections
Coating flaked along edges and
parts of squares
Coating flaked along edges in
large ribbons and whole squares
detached
Flaking & detaching worse than
1B oe
Measuring Adhesion By Knife Test
@ Equipment
Steel ruler or guide
Utility knife
ASTM Test Method iad
f Measuring Adhesion By Knife Test
© Select test area
Ae)