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Flexible Retaining Wall

This document discusses different types of flexible retaining walls including soldier piles, sheet piles, column piles, and diaphragm walls. It provides details on analyzing cantilever sheet pile walls using the factored moment method where the unknown depth of penetration (d0) is determined by satisfying moment equilibrium. An example problem is included to illustrate determining the required depth of penetration (d0) and total depth (d) for a cantilever sheet pile wall in homogeneous soil without a groundwater level.

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Taufik Hidayat
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371 views23 pages

Flexible Retaining Wall

This document discusses different types of flexible retaining walls including soldier piles, sheet piles, column piles, and diaphragm walls. It provides details on analyzing cantilever sheet pile walls using the factored moment method where the unknown depth of penetration (d0) is determined by satisfying moment equilibrium. An example problem is included to illustrate determining the required depth of penetration (d0) and total depth (d) for a cantilever sheet pile wall in homogeneous soil without a groundwater level.

Uploaded by

Taufik Hidayat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Flexible Retaining Wall

1
Flexible Wall: Cantilever and Anchored

2
Bowles, J.E. (1997). Foundation Analysis and Design, 5th Ed. McGraw-Hill
Types of Flexible Walls
• Soldier Piles
• Sheet Piles
• Column Piles
• Diapraghm Walls

3
Soldier Piles

4
Soldier Piles

5
Soldier Piles

6
Soldier Piles

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Sheet Piles

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Sheet Piles

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Column Piles
a. Independent pattern
b. S pattern / tangent piles
c. Line pattern
d. Overlapping pattern / secant piles
e. Mixed pattern

10
Column Piles

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Column Piles

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Diaphragm Wall

13
Diaphragm Wall

14
Diaphragm Wall

15
Diaphragm Wall

16
Method of Analysis
According Budhu (2002):
• Factored Moment Method (FMM) determine an embedment depth
to satisfy moment equilibrium by applying a factor of safety (FS)p on
the passive resistance, usually between 1.5 and 2.0.
• Factored Strength Method (FSM) reduction factors are applied to the
shear strength parameters
• Net Passive Pressure Method (NPPM) utilizes a net available passive
resistance (Burland et al., 1981)

17
Cantilever Sheet Pile (1)
• Cantilever sheet pile walls are analyzed by assuming that rotation
occurs at some point, O, just above the base of the wall

18
Cantilever Sheet Pile (2)
• Assume rotation occurs at point O.

• Below the rotation point, passive


and active pressure are reversed

19
Cantilever Sheet Pile (3)
• Force R is introduced at point O to
approximate the net passive
pressure
• By taking moments about O,
unknown R is eliminated, and the
d d0
equation is left with one unknown:
d0
• The total depth d is 1.2 or 1.3 d0.

20
Cantilever Sheet Pile (4)
Factored Moment Method (FMM):
• Select point O at a distance d0 from excavation level
• Calculate Ka and Kp
• Draw lateral stress diagram and calculate the active and passive forces
(Pa & Pp)
• Determine moments about point O, for moment equilibrium, the
resisting moment (Mr) should be equal to the driving moment (Md)
• Using the moment equilibrium, find d0.
• The total penetration depth, d = 1.2 d0.
21
Cantilever Sheet Pile (5)
• Check the resultant of lateral forces R at the depth d0.
• Calculate the net passive pressure over d0 to d as Ppnet.
• R should be less than Ppnet, if not then extend the depth d

22
Example 1:
Cantilever Wall, Homogen Soil, no G.W.L.
What is the required
depth of penetration
3m
(d0) for this sheet pile?
 = 18 kN/m3
’ = 30° What is the total
required depth of
d0
penetration?

23

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