BANANA PEELINGS AS FLOORWAX

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION:
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Banana peelings are slippery. It is the covering of Banana fruit. It is use as food for humans and
animals, warer purification and also for comedy. Banana peelings have both highly beneficial
and highly dangerous constituents and can be manipulated to serve remedy and a poison. The
banana tree is the tallest herb in the world and can reach up to 9 m. The roots are rhizomatous
and adventitious, most developing in the top 15 cm soil layer. Suckers arise from the rhizome.
The stem (pseudostem) is cylindrical, made of overlapping leaf-sheaths, 20-50 cm diameter. The
leaves are broad blades, 1-4 m long x 0.7-1 m wide, with a pronounced supporting midrib, and
grow continuously from the center of the stem. The inflorescence (1 per tree) is horizontal or
pendulous. Flowers are unisexual: female flowers develop proximally, male flowers developing
at the distal end of the inflorescence. The inflorescence bears 5-15 nodes, each producing 12-20
female flowers. It develops into a 50-150 cm bunch where each node becomes a "hand" of fruits.
Fruits may be 6-35 cm long, green, yellow, red or brown, cylindrical or angled, straight or
curved, and seeded or seedless depending on the cultivars or landraces (Ecoport, 2010; Ecocrop,
2010; Espino et al., 1991). The banana plant usually blooms after 8-9 months and the fruits are
harvested unripe 10 to 14 weeks after flowering. Yields are very variable, ranging from 3 to 60
t/ha, depending on genetics (variety/cultivar, ploidy) and culture conditions (Espino et al., 1991).
Banana peeling are not poisonous and it is pack with nutrients. In this study, Banana peelings
will be use to make a floorwax. The idea is to compare the study to the commercials products if
there is a difference between the study and commercials ones.
The researcher use affordable materials such as Banana peelings, kerosene, and candles. The
methods will involve slicing, boiling, and melting the materials that will be use. And after this
process the product will be ready.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study will compare. Banana peelings, kerosene, and candles as floorwax to the
commercials one. Specifically, it aims to answer the following questions

1. Is banana peelings, kerosene, and candles is effective as floorwax in terms of shellac

compare to the commercials one.
2. Banana peelings, kerosene, and candles as floorwax is not effective in terms of shellac
compare to the commercials one.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This study will test the feasibility of Banana peelings mixed with kerosene and candles. It will
also tells if Banana peelings mixed with kerosene and candles is more effective in terms of shine
than the commercials one.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will benefit students in general because it is more affordable and students won't
spend more money in buying the commercials product. Futher, this study is eco friendly and in
terms of shine is more effective.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study will focus on Banana peelings mixed with kerosene and candles to produce floorwax.
Fresh Banana peelings are gathered in Barangay Kisolon which is abundant of Banana trees.

CHAPTER 2
Heuze V, Tran G
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

BANANA

The Musa genus is extremely diversified and currently divided into four identified sections
(Callimusa, Australimusa, Eumusa, Rhodochlamys) and an undetermined fifth section. Most
cultivated bananas arose from the Eumusa section which contains 11 wild species, including
Musa acuminata (A genome) and Musa balbisiana (B genome), which gave the main cultivars.
All modern varieties and cultivars are hybrids or polyploids of one, two or three Musa species.
Diploids or triploids of Musa acuminata (AA or AAA) result in edible fruits (Cavendish dessert
bananas) and are widespread in Southeast Asia. Natural hybridization of AA or AAA cultivars
with Musa balbisiana resulted in new cultivars of AB, AAB (mainly plantains types) or ABB
genome types. For further information on banana and plantain species, see Musalogue: a
catalogue of Musa germplasm (Daniells et al., 2001).
Banana (Musa sp.) is one of the major fruit crops, cultivated in all warm and humid tropical and
subtropical regions of Asia, America, Africa and Australia. While bananas are primarily grown
for food, 30-40% of the crop is considered unfit for human consumption and is potentially
available for animal feeding. Banana peels and the vegetative parts of the plants are also used in
animal feeding.
The banana tree is the tallest herb in the world and can reach up to 9 m. The roots are
rhizomatous and adventitious, most developing in the top 15 cm soil layer. Suckers arise from
the rhizome. The stem (pseudostem) is cylindrical, made of overlapping leaf-sheaths, 20-50 cm
diameter. The leaves are broad blades, 1-4 m long x 0.7-1 m wide, with a pronounced supporting
midrib, and grow continuously from the center of the stem. The inflorescence (1 per tree) is
horizontal or pendulous. Flowers are unisexual: female flowers develop proximally, male
flowers developing at the distal end of the inflorescence. The inflorescence bears 5-15 nodes,
each producing 12-20 female flowers. It develops into a 50-150 cm bunch where each node
becomes a "hand" of fruits. Fruits may be 6-35 cm long, green, yellow, red or brown, cylindrical
or angled, straight or curved, and seeded or seedless depending on the cultivars or landraces
(Ecoport, 2010; Ecocrop, 2010; Espino et al., 1991). The banana plant usually blooms after 8-9
months and the fruits are harvested unripe 10 to 14 weeks after flowering. Yields are very
variable, ranging from 3 to 60 t/ha, depending on genetics (variety/cultivar, ploidy) and culture
conditions (Espino et al., 1991).
Banana is usually grown for its edible fruits. World banana production was 102 million tons in
2010. Globally, it is one of the major fruits, ranking in economic importance after grapes,
tomatoes and apples (FAO, 2012).

There are two main groups of bananas:

Bananas whose ripe fruit is eaten as dessert. They represent 56% of world banana production
and 97% of exportations, and are mainly from the Cavendish group. They have the highest yields
(100 t/ha/year) (Lassoudière, 2007; Arias et al., 2003; Espino et al., 1991)
Bananas used for cooking or making beer. They include plantains and other sub-groups of
varieties such as Pisang Awak in Asia, and represent 44% of world banana production
(Lassoudière, 2007; Arias et al., 2003). Most plantains belong to the AAB genome group
(Lassoudière, 2007).
The ripe fruit is eaten fresh as dessert or baked, fried, dried or roasted. It can also be processed
into vinegar, chips, starch or beer. The underground stem and male flowers can be eaten as a
vegetable (Espino et al., 1991). The leaves are used for wrapping food for cooking, making
clothes and polishing floors. Ethno-medicinal uses of different parts of the banana are plentiful
(Espino et al., 1991). Young stalks and leaves, wasted fruits and banana peels are fed to livestock
(Ecocrop, 2010; Espino et al., 1991).

Though its exact origin is still uncertain, the Eumusa group of the Musa genus is thought to have
originated from the Indo-Malayan region. It spread eastward throughout Southeast Asia, the
Philippines and the Pacific Islands (Espino et al., 1991) and westward to Africa, the Carribean
and Central America (INRA, 2008; Daniells et al., 2001). It is now cultivated in all warm and
humid tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, America, Africa and Australia. Bananas grow
from sea level up to an altitude of 1600 m (Ecoport, 2010; Espino et al., 1991). Optimal growth
conditions are 27°C-38°C day-temperatures with 200-220 mm monthly rainfall, on friable loam
with good drainage and aeration. Soil pH ranging from 4.5 to 7.5 and soil moisture above 60%
are ideal. Banana does not stand temperatures below 15°C and chilling injuries occur at 13°C
(though some varieties can tolerate 0°C). It is sensitive to wind, which shreds leaves and blows
plants over (Espino et al., 1991).
It has been estimated that 30% to 40% of total banana production are rejected for failing to meet
quality standards, making them potentially available to livestock (Babatunde, 1992). Banana
wastes include small-sized, damaged or rotten fruits, banana peels, leaves, stalks and
pseudostems. There are many ways to feed livestock with banana products.

Banana and plantain whole fruits

Animals can be fed with fresh bananas, ripe or unripe, with or without peels. Fresh plantain and
banana fruits may be ensiled with a wide range of crops and additives, including molasses, grass,
legumes and rice bran. Green fruits are easier to ensile than ripe fruits. Bananas and plantains
may also be dehydrated, chopped, milled or cooked, etc. (Babatunde, 1992).

Banana and plantain peels

Dehydrated or fresh green and ripe peels are used as feeds (Babatunde, 1992).

Banana and plantain leaves, stalks or pseudostems

Whole, fresh leaves, stalks and pseudostems can be chopped and directly fed or ensiled with
molasses (Babatunde, 1992).
Industrial banana plantations are dedicated to export markets. They are intensive monocultures
that require land, irrigation and high levels of fertilizer. These characteristics are deleterious to
biodiversity, soil fertility and water quality. In South America, banana monocultures are
responsible for deforestation, soil erosion, soil fertility losses and water pollution (Harari, 2005).
As bananas are particularly susceptible to disease (Black Sigatoka: black leaf streak), nematodes
(with subsequent viruses), pests (banana weevil) and fungi, they require high levels of pesticides
and fungicides (Astorga, 1998), resulting in water contamination, fish mortality in waterways
surrounding banana plantations, and health and fertility problems in workers (Harari, 2005).

Conventional breeding programs and genetic engineering programs aim at creating

fungi/pest/disease-resistant cultivars that do not require pesticides. Genetically modified bananas
are currently under development but not yet on the market (as of 2012).

In less industrial conditions, banana may be intercropped with legumes or other crops, thus
enhancing land productivity and returns to smallholders. Intercropping may improve banana
pests and disease control (Ouma, 2009).

REFERENCES
Arias, P. ; Dankers, C. ; Liu, P. ; Pilkauskas, P., 2003. The world banana economy: 1985-2002.
FAO Commodity studies 1, FAO, Roma

Astorga, Y., 1998. The environmental impact of the banana industry: a case study of Costa Rica.
1st International Banana Conference - May 1998. EUROBAN: The european banana action
network

Babatunde, G. M., 1992. Availability of banana and plantain products for animal feeding. In:
Roots, tubers, plantains and bananas in animal feeding. (Editors: Machin, D.; Nyvold, S.)
Proceedings of the FAO Expert Consultation held in CIAT, Cali, Colombia FAO ANIMAL
PRODUCTION AND HEALTH PAPER 95, FAO, Roma

Bioversity International, 2010. Improving Musa diversity. Banana and Plantain Section.
Bioversity International

Buragohain, R. ; Kalita, G. ; Sarma, K., 2010. Nutritional significance of banana as swine feed.
Indian Vet. J., 87 (3): 301-302

Daniells, J. ; Jenny, C. ; Karamura, D. ; Tomekpe, K., 2001. Musalogue: a catalogue of Musa

germplasm. Diversity in the genus Musa. International Network for the Improvement of Banana
and Plantain, Montpellier, France (E. Arnaud and S. Sharrock, compil.)

Ecocrop, 2010. Ecocrop database. FAO

Ecoport, 2010. Ecoport database. Ecoport

Espino, R. R. C. ; Jamaluddin, S. H. ; Silayoi, B. ; Nasution, R. E., 1991. Musa L. (edible

cultivars). Record from Proseabase. Verheij, E.W.M. and Coronel, R.E. (Editors). PROSEA
(Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia

FAO, 2012. FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Göhl, B., 1982. Les aliments du bétail sous les tropiques. FAO, Division de Production et Santé
Animale, Roma, Italy

Harari, R., 2005. The environmental and health impacts of banana production in Latin America.
In: Second International Banana Conference - April 2005. Euroban: European Banana Action
Network
INRA, 2008. La banane plantain. INRA, Antilles

Lassoudière, A., 2007. La bananier et sa culture. Quae Editions

Ly, J., 2004. Bananas and plantains for feeding pigs: some aspects of the chemical composition
of the fruits and of its palatability. Revista Computadorizada de Producción Porcina, 11 (3)

Machin, D. ; Nyvold, S., 1992. Roots, tubers, plantains and bananas in animal feeding.
Proceedings of the FAO Expert Consultation held in CIAT, Cali, Colombia 21–25 January 1991;
FAO Animal Production and Health Paper - 95

MacLachlan, D., 2006. Pesticide risk profile for the feeding of banana fruit and stalks to cattle
and sheep. Chemical Residues Unit, Market Maintenance. Australian Quarantine and Instruction
Service, Canberra

Morton, J. F., 1987. Banana. In: Fruits of warm climates. Florida Flair Books, Miami

Ouma, G., 2009. Intercropping and its application to banana production in East Africa: A review.
J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci., 1 (2): 13-15

Swamy, H. V. L. N., 2009. Masked Mycotoxins: The Hidden Killers in Feed. Pork Magazine,
November 1, 2009

Ralph Rodriguez

Musa paradisiaca (​banana) as source of fiber

Banana is one of the most important fruit crop plants and belongs to the genus ​Musa​.

After harvesting the fruit, the plant is cut down and thrown away, mostly as waste. The banana

plant is largely divided into three parts- pseudostem, peduncle and leaf. The pseudo stem portion

of the plant fiber is suitable for making ropes and twines (Saikia ​et al​., 1997).
 In 135 countries and territories across the tropics and subtropics, Bananas are being

produced. The majority producers are farmers who grow the crop for either home consumption

or for local markets (Bergh, Picq, & Vézina, 2013) .Banana is the second most produced fruit

after citrus. It has 16% contribution in the world’s total fruit production. It has also stated that

India is the most or the largest producer of banana in the world estimating up to 27% of banana’s

production. According to them the banana is useful in every part just like food, feed,

pharmaceutical, packaging, and many other industrial applications (Debabandya Mohapatra,

2010).

As stated by Vigneswara, Pavithra, Gayathri, and Mythili (2015), banana fibers have a

huge contribution for textile and packaging industry. However, the banana stem forms a major

source of waste material. But today, most of banana fibers are used for making ropes and

cordage. They have compositions, properties, and structures that are suitable for using in

industrial applications (Vigneswara, 2015).

Banana (​Musa paradisiaca,​ family Musaceae) is a central fruit crop of the tropical and

subtropical regions of the world grown on about 8.8 million hectares (Mohapatra, Mishra, &

Sutar, 2010). It is possibly the world's oldest cultivated crop (Bhowmik, Duraveil, Kumar, &

Umadevi, 2012). It is one of the tallest herbaceous plants with a pseudostem. Its tough treelike

pliable stem is composed of the sheathing twisting leaf bases, which contains fibers of sufficient

strengths to keep the tree upright. In different countries, about 300 varieties of bananas are

grown, of which a vast majority are grown in tropical Asia (Simmonds, 1962).
 Banana is one of most important fruit crops grown in India. With continuous increase of

production, huge quantity of waste biomass from Pseudo stem, burnt or left situ causing

detrimental impact on environment. They have available technologies for extraction of fibers and

paper making from Pseudo stem, but it is not being adopted in industries due to lack of

awareness (Ravindran, 2016).

In the study of Mohiuddin, Saha, Hossian, and Ferdoushi (2013), Banana is one of the

most important fruit crops grown everywhere in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, pseudo stem is

abandoned and is a hazardous waste while other countries used it to make different products. The

study provided the usefulness of banana, not only the fruit itself, but also the benefits of

recreation through banana pseudostem. They concluded that the research information they

gathered will be of immense help to the farmers, entrepreneurs, planners, scientists as well as the

Bangladesh government to take proper initiatives for the betterment of their nation.

The banana plant has a very juicy aerial stem, properly denoted as the pseudostem, which

is a clustered, cylindrical aggregation comprised of leaf stalk bases of leaf-petiole sheaths

(Fanquiero, Mukhopadhyay, Senturk, & Yusuf, 2008). There is also a subterranean stem, known

as the corm, as well as the part that supports the banana fruit, peduncle, stalk, or rachis. The

leaves and stalk of the pseudostem are disposed of after the fruit has been harvested.

Collectively, the waste of banana production is an estimated 220 tons of byproduct per hectare

annually (Padam ​et al​., 2012).

Banana has long been considered a food, fruit and fodder crop. In addition to this, now a

day, it is also gaining importance as a source of fiber. Annually about 1.5 million tons of dry
banana fibers can be produced from the outer sheath of pseudostem. Being a rich source of

natural fibers, the pseudostem can be profitably utilized for numerous applications and

preparation of various products (Bhowmik, Duraveil, Kumar, & Umadevi, 2012).

Banana pseudostem is a large biomass resource that is usually wasted, inspite of the

possibility that it can be used as a source of organic compounds such as cellulose and

hemicellulose (Pereira ​et al.​ , 2014).The banana fiber spin ability and weaving performance were

invested, so that it can be used as a good substitute for jute in making of sacks and packaging

materials (Sinha, 1973).

It was concluded that banana fiber can replace certain percentage of Mesta, a cellulosic

fiber in the composition of agricultural ropes. The Mesta or allied fibers thus saved could be

more profitably be used for packaging textiles and other materials fiber yarn makes the cloth

brighter, impart better dyeing properties and can also be bleached. This additional outlet for the

products of banana plantations would benefit the farmer, but a prerequisite for economic use of

banana fiber will be a steady bulk supply, initially at a somewhat lower price than that of the

existing comparable fibers. The fibers are 1.5-2.7m long have a tensile strength and are

traditionally used for making ropes (Karolia, 2005).

Many authors, who have studied the utilization of banana pseudostem as a bioresource,

even using a biorefinery, usually consider the whole trunk as a uniform material (Akpabio ​et al​.,

2012). However, the pseudostem can be separated into several sheaths. The physicochemical

properties of each sheath may be different, because they have different physiological ages and

functions. So, it could be possible to fractionate the same pseudostem in several sheaths, as a
simple physical pretreatment, and each group of sheaths can be used for the most suitable

application in accordance to its properties instead of using a mixture of all the fractions and

performing chemical treatments to separate each organic fraction (Gabhane ​et al.​ , 2014).

Pseudostem and peduncle are the major source of fibre for banana. These fibers can be

used as raw material for making paper, cardboards, tea bags, and etc. The strong property of

pseudostem as a fiber is an advantage for it to be a main product for making a rope since it

contains a massive amount of cellulose. And cellulose contains an indigestible or insoluble

substance, making it hard (Preethl, 2013).

According to M.K.V Karthikeyan, A.N. D. Balaji and V. Vignesh ( 2016 ) Banana ribbon

is a new natural fiber, it has a polyester composites and have more improvement than a regular

fiber, they studied about the fiber and use electron microscope to probe the fiber matrix

interaction, and they learned that mat composites are used to fabricate windshield of cars and

mudguard of two wheelers.

Banana fibers are completely biodegradable, recyclable and are more environment

friendly than synthetic fibers both in terms of production and their disposal (Fanquiero,

Mukhopadhyay, Senturk, & Yusuf, 2008). Therefore, the banana products have export potential.

Unlike synthetic fibers which are largely produced from non-renewable resources, banana fibers

are made of renewable resources.

Rope Making and Production

 Rope making from extracted banana fiber is called Banana fiber yarn. Rope making is

one of the most basic skills for converting any linear material into a usable stage (Manandhar,

2010). Rope is a length of fibers, twisted or braided together to improve strength, for pulling and

connecting. It has tensile strength but is too flexible to provide compressive strength (Maleque ​et

al​., 2007). There are actually three layers in the decaying bark of the banana tree. The outer layer

is the toughest and usually used for weaving items. The middle layer produces rope that is used

for thick cloth making and the inner layer which is the silkiest fibers is used for spinning yarns

and making fine clothing (Mohapatra, Mishra, & Sutar, 2010).

Early ropes were made of natural fibers twisted together by the hand or a machine

invented on earlier years called “spinner”. Spinner made rope making easy on early ages unlike

the old twisting method which could be done by braid or twisting the strands of the fibers which

could consume much time and effort. As early as 17,000 BC, the use of ropes from natural fibers

is evident because of the fossils found in Egypt. On the other hand, in Europe, they used the

ropewalk method in producing ropes. The fibers they used were hemp. But due to the shortage of

it, they tried another fiber coming from manila and sisal. The quality of manila fiber is as much

of sisal’s because sisal could withstand salt water. Recent years, ropes made from natural fibers

are not that popular to be used, since there are already stronger and lighter ropes made from

metal or nylon. These ropes are synthetic ropes. Ropes are effective depending on its usage and

characteristics. It could be used as climbing rope or suspension ropes/cables. Climbing rope does

not really need much strength but it must be flexible, and stretchable. Unlike the climbing ropes,

suspension cables must be strong because it is use to suspend bridges and other infrastructures

and flexibility is not that much required (Fronzaglia, 2006).

 Ropes are made of fibers either naturally or synthetically. These fibers will be held

together to form yarns, the yarns will be twisted to each other to form strands, and those strands

will be rotated to each other to form a rope. Natural fibers are usually coming from twigs or parts

of plants, while the synthetic materials are usually coming from oil. Samples of natural fibers are

manila which come from the leaf stems of abaca plant which is the family of the banana; sisal

rope which is made from two different plants which are the sisalana and henequen; moreover

there are a lot of plants that are being used to make natural ropes, to make it to its highest quality,

chemicals are being added. Manila fiber is relatively strong and elastic. Based on Maleque,

Belal, Sapuan (2007)’s Mechanical properties of study of pseudo stem banana fiber reinforced

epoxy composite, there are high source of banana fibers in the waste banana trunks or stems

which aren’t used in places around the world. Therefore, composites of high-strength pseudo

stem banana woven fabric reinforcement polymer can be used in a broad range of applications.

They have concluded that with the use of epoxy material the flexural strength of banana woven

fabric is increased and the tensile strength is increased 90% compared to virgin epoxy. Sample of

synthetic fibers are nylon and Polypropylene which are made up of refined oil and are stronger

than natural fibers and lighter. Nowadays threads, wires and metals are being used to make

stronger ropes which are lighter and the diameter is smaller. Fiber ropes can be characterized

depending on its size, weight, and strength. Mostly, fiber ropes have a diameter of 5/8 inch and

12 inches circumference. The weight of the rope varies upon the use of it and depending also

upon the weather conditions it will be use. The strength of the rope is calculated based on the

stress it could handle without breaking. Fiber rope will last if it was carefully handled. Unlike the
synthetic ropes, fiber ropes must be used with extra care and must be keep on dry, cool and

clean places so it will not easily distort.

Potential of Varnish in Increasing Durability of Material

Varnish is often and generally used as a top coat for finished products. It is mainly

composed of oil, resin, solvent, dryers and ultraviolet additives. It is widely used because of its

durability which is due to the higher ratio of solids as its component (Hill, 2013).

In the study made by Kaygin and Akgun (2008), different types of varnish (cellulosic,

polyurethane, polyester, synthetic and Nanolacke ultraviolet) were used to apply on beech (Fagus

orientalis L.) and oak (Quercus robur L.) wood as samples for experimentation. It was concluded

that the use of different types of wood does not have any significant effect on varnish hardness

and resistance, but there are significant differences about the types of varnish that they used.

The components of varnish represent the effect of the properties like for example the

brightness, toughness and lastly the fastness of the surface sticking resistance of the varnish

(Mehta, 2012). Adequate adhesion of the varnish layer on the wood surface may not be attained

if the moisture content is too high. This puts the banana leaf at risk because the pseudostem of a

banana stem consists of water. It is claimed in the literature that, in some cases, the presence of

excess moisture in the wood creates layer defects in polyester, polyurethane and some other

reaction curing varnishes. It is also stated that, especially in polyurethane varnish applications
which is cured by allophone formation, high moisture content inhibits the drying and reacting of

varnish (Budacki, 2009).

The varnish oil is responsible for longer effect of the varnish through the wood or fiber.

The oil helps the varnish to penetrate easily into the wood, thus the color of the wood or the

varnish will remain the same even on high exposure to sunlight and changes in weather for quite

longer time. The phenolic resin is responsible for water and chemical resistance due to its effect

of dry and hard coating to the wood. For the right blending of the color, right thickness and

leveling of the varnish, solvents are being used. The resin content is not affected even though

solvents are being mixed. Varnish has a property of drying in quite short time due to the driers,

which are being added for the varnish to dry easily, maintain the color, and be stable for quite

longer time. Lastly, additives are being mixed together with the main components of varnish

such as the ultraviolet absorber, surface stabilizer and anti-oxidants for added protection (Yacht

Paint, 2008).

The above mentioned materials will be used in creating binding ropes which are tested to

determine if the product can also be used as an alternative to commercially made binding ropes.

Each rope will be tested to determine if there is a significant difference between the effects of

different varnish solutions.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

Materials

● 5 BANANA PEELINGS

● A BOTTLE OF KEROSENE
 ● 2 CANDLES

● A CAN

● PLASTIC BOTTLE

● KNIFE

● A HANDKERCHIEF

PROCEDURE

1. PREPARE ALL THE MATERIALS

2. SLICE THE BANANA PEELS

3. Boil the candles until it gets melted

4. Put the kerosene in the can together with the melted candles

5. Put the sliced banana peelings in the can together with the melted candles and kerosene

6. Mix them every 5 minutes

7. After 15 minutes, get some bottle and a handkerchief and start to put the mixed ingredients in

the handkerchief and squeeze it

8. Wait until it became firm

9. Put it in the Tupperware or any container

10. Flatten the floorwax

11. Your product is ready to use