Chem

This document provides background, requirements, procedures, and conclusions for determining the saponification value of a given oil or fat. The saponification value is defined as the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) needed to saponify one gram of the oil or fat. The procedure involves refluxing a known amount of the oil or fat with excess alcoholic KOH solution, then titrating the unused KOH against hydrochloric acid and calculating the saponification value based on the results.

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Chem

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Home (https://labmonk.com) / Determination of saponi cation value of the given oil/fat.

Determination of Background
Requirements

saponification value of the Procedure

Conclusion

given oil/fat.
References

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REQUIREMENTS
Sample: Oil or fat

Apparatus: Conical ﬂask

Reﬂux and condenser

Water bath

Burette and Pipette

Chemical: 0.5 N HCl
phenolphthalein

0.5 N alcoholic potassium-hydroxide solution

PROCEDURE
About 2 g of the given oil or fat is taken in a conical ﬂask
but weighed accurately (w g). The oil/fat is dissolved in 25
ml of 0.5 N alcoholic potassium-hydroxide solution. Then
the reaction mixture is reﬂuxed using a water condenser
on a water-bath for half an hour. The resulting solution is
cooled and titrated against a 0.5 N HCl solution adding 1
ml of phenolphthalein. The number of ml of acid
required is noted (a). An exactly identical blank
experiment (leaving the fat or oil) is performed. Number
of ml of hydrochloric acid required is noted (b).
Observation

Initial Final
Samples Burette Burette Di erence Average
No. Reading Reading (ml) (ml)
(ml) (ml)

For Excess 1
KOH a=
remaining 2

1
For Blank b=
2

Calculation

CONCLUSION
Saponiﬁcation value of the given oil/fat is …….

REFERENCES
1. Advanced Practical Organic Chemistry by O. P. Agarwal; Published
by Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd; Page No. 275
2. Indian Pharmacoepia 2010, Part I; Page No. 93
3. Practical Pharmacognosy by Saroja Joshi and Vidhu Aeri;
Published by Frank Bros . & Co. (Publishers) Ltd.; First Edition:
2009; Page No. 296