Geometry Problems

EGMO 2019 Training

March 13,2019

1 Problems
1.(EGMO 2012/1)Let ABC be a triangle with circumcentre O. The points
D, E, F lie in the interiors of the sides BC, CA, AB respectively, such that DE
is perpendicular to CO and DF is perpendicular to BO. (By interior we mean,
for example, that the point D lies on the line BC and D is between B and C
on that line.) Let K be the circumcentre of triangle AF E. Prove that the lines
DK and BC are perpendicular.

2.(EGMO 2013/1)The side BC of the triangle ABC is extended beyond

C to D so that CD = BC. The side CA is extended beyond A to E so that
AE = 2CA. Prove that, if AD = BE, then the triangle ABC is right-angled.

3.(EGMO 2015/1)Let 4ABC be an acute-angled triangle, and let D be

the foot of the altitude from C. The angle bisector of 6 ABC intersects CD at
E and meets the circumcircle ω of triangle 4ADE again at F. If 6 ADF = 45◦ ,
show that CF is tangent to ω.

4.(EGMO 2017/1)Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral with 6 DAB =

6 BCD = 90◦ and 6 ABC > 6 CDA. Let Q and R be points on segments BC
and CD, respectively, such that line QR intersects lines AB and AD at points
P and S, respectively. It is given that P Q = RS.Let the midpoint of BD be
M and the midpoint of QR be N .Prove that the points M, N, A and C lie on a
circle.

5.(EGMO 2018/1)Let ABC be a triangle with CA = CB and 6 ACB =

120◦ , and let M be the midpoint of AB. Let P be a variable point of the circum-
circle of ABC, and let Q be the point on the segment CP such that QP = 2QC.
It is given that the line through P and perpendicular to AB intersects the line
M Q at a unique point N . Prove that there exists a fixed circle such that N lies
on this circle for all possible positions of P .

6.(EGMO 2018/5)Let Γ be the circumcircle of triangle ABC. A circle Ω

is tangent to the line segment AB and is tangent to Γ at a point lying on the

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 EGMO 2019 Training Azerbaijan Geometry

same side of the line AB as C. The angle bisector of 6 BCA intersects Ω at

two different points P and Q. Prove that 6 ABP = 6 QBC.

7.(Serbia EGMO TST 2019)On sides BC, CA and AB of triangle ABC

points P, Q, R are taken such that quadrilateral AQP R is cyclic and BR =
CQ.Tangents to (ABC) at B and C intersect P R and P Q at points X and Y
, respectively.Prove that P X = P Y .

8.(Greece MO 2017)Let ABC be an acute angle triangle inscribed in the

circle c, with AB < AC < BC. The circumference of center A and radius AC
intersects c at point D and the line BC in point E. Let F be the intersection
of AE with c, finally let G be the symmetric of E with respect to B.Prove that
the quadrilateral DEF G is cyclic.

9.(Italy Camp)Let ABC triangle with M midpoint of BC.Let D be the

intersection of circles passing through M and tangent to AB at B and passing
through M and tangent to AC at C.Define D0 as symmetric point of D wrt
BC.Prove that points A, D0 , M are collinear.

10.(Italy Camp)Let ABC be a triangle with circumcenter O.Let D, EandF

be the foot of the altitudes from A, B, C , respectively and M the midpoint of
BC.Define X = AD ∩ EF and Y = AO ∩ BC. If Z is midpoint of XY then
prove that A, Z and M are collinear.

11.(Canada 2013)Let G be the centroid of a right-angled triangle ABC

with 6 BCA = 90◦ . Let P be the point on ray AG such that 6 CP A = 6 CAB,
and let Q be the point on ray BG such that 6 CQB = 6 ABC. Prove that the
circumcircles of triangles AQG and BP G meet at a point on side AB.

12.(Russia 2006) Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle with incenter I.

The lines BI and CI meet sides ACandAB at B1 andC1 , respectively. If the
line B1 C1 meets the circumcircle of ABC at M andN , prove that the circumra-
dius of triangle M IN is twice that of ABC.

13.(Italy Camp)Let PQ be the common tangent of circles with diameters

AB, AC(with P belonging to first circle and Q belonging to second circle).Let
X ∈ BC such that QX ⊥ BC.Given that 6 P BC is right,prove ABX is isosceles.

14.(IMO 1995)Let A, B, C, D be four distinct points on a line, in that order.

The circles with diameters AC and BD intersect at X and Y . The line XY
meets BC at Z. Let P be a point on the line XY other than Z. The line CP
intersects the circle with diameter AC at C and M , and the line BP intersects
the circle with diameter BD at B and N . Prove that the lines AM, DN, XY
are concurrent.

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 EGMO 2019 Training Azerbaijan Geometry

15.(IMO 2008/1)Let H be the orthocenter of an acute-angled triangle

ABC. The circle ΓA centered at the midpoint of BC and passing through
H intersects the sideline BC at points A1 and A2 . Similarly, define the points
B1 , B2 , C1 and C2 .
Prove that the six points A1 , A2 , B1 , B2 , C1 and C2 are concyclic.

16.(Iran TST 2011)In acute triangle ABC angle B is greater thanC. Let
M is midpoint of BC. D and E are the feet of the altitude from C and B re-
spectively. K and L are midpoint of M E and M D respectively. If KL intersect
the line through A parallel to BC in T , prove that T A = T M .

17.(Iran TST 2015)Point A is outside of a given circle ω. Let the tangents

from A to ω meet ω at S, T points X, Y are midpoints of AT, AS let the tan-
gent from X to ω meet ω at R 6= T . points P, Q are midpoints of XT, XR let
XY ∩ P Q = K, SX ∩ T K = L prove that quadrilateral KRLQ is cyclic.

18.(Iran 2017 3rd round)Let ABC be an acute-angle triangle. Sup-

pose that M be the midpoint of BC and H be the orthocenter of ABC. Let
F ≡ BH ∩ AC and E ≡ CH ∩ AB. Suppose that X be a point on EF such
that 6 XM H = 6 HAM and A, X are in the distinct side of M H. Prove that
AH bisects M X.

19.(AoPs)In 4ABC with centroid G , M and N are the midpoints of AB

and AC, and the tangents from M and N to the circumcircle of 4AM N meet
BC at R and S , respectively.Show that G lies on the radical axis of the cir-
cumcircles of 4BM S and 4CN R.

20.(Turkey EGMO TST 2018)Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral and w

be its circumcircle. For a given point E inside w, DE intersects AB at F inside
w. Let l be a line passes through E and tangent to circle AEF . Let G be any
point on l and inside the quadrilateral ABCD. Show that if 6 GAD = 6 BAE
and 6 GCB + 6 GAB = 6 EAD + 6 AGD + 6 ABE then BC, AD and EG are
concurrent.

21.(ARMO 2009)Let be given a parallelogram ABCD and two points A1 ,

C1 on its sides AB, BC, respectively. Lines AC1 and CA1 meet at P . Assume
that the circumcircles of triangles AA1 P and CC1 P intersect at the second
point Q inside triangle ACD. Prove that 6 P DA = 6 QBA.

22.(IMO 2016 SL/G4)Let ABC be a triangle with AB = AC 6= BC and

let I be its incentre. The line BI meets AC at D, and the line through D
perpendicular to AC meets AI at E. Prove that the reflection of I in AC lies
on the circumcircle of triangle BDE.

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23.(Romania TST 2016)Two circles, ω1 and ω2 , centered at O1 and O2 ,

respectively, meet at points A and B. A line through B meet ω1 again at C,
and ω2 again at D. The tangents to ω1 and ω2 at C and D, respectively, meet
at E, and the line AE meets the circle ω through A, O1 , O2 again at F . Prove
that the length of the segment EF is equal to the diameter of ω.

24.(EGMO 2012/5)Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle with circumcir-

cle Γ and orthocentre H. Let K be a point of Γ on the other side of BC from A.
Let L be the reflection of K in the line AB, and let M be the reflection of K in
the line BC. Let E be the second point of intersection of Γ with the circumcircle
of triangle BLM . Show that the lines KH, EM and BC are concurrent. (The
orthocentre of a triangle is the point on all three of its altitudes.)

25.(EGMO 2016/2)Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral, and let diagonals

AC and BD intersect at X.Let C1 , D1 and M be the midpoints of segments
CX, DX and CD, respecctively. Lines AD1 and BC1 intersect at Y , and line
M Y intersects diagonals AC and BD at different points E and F , respectively.
Prove that line XY is tangent to the circle through E, F and X.

26.(IMO 2012 SL/G2)Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral whose diago-

nals AC and BD meet at E. The extensions of the sides AD and BC beyond
A and B meet at F . Let G be the point such that ECGD is a parallelogram,
and let H be the image of E under reflection in AD. Prove that D, H, F, G are
concyclic