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Transistor As A Switch

Transistors can act as switches by controlling the flow of current between the collector and emitter terminals. When a voltage above 0.7V is applied to the base, the transistor is switched on, allowing current to flow from the collector to the emitter. With no base voltage, the transistor acts as an open switch, blocking current flow. The document provides an example circuit using an NPN transistor as a switch to light an LED, explaining how varying the base voltage controls whether the transistor is on or off.

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Seva Gloria
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1K views3 pages

Transistor As A Switch

Transistors can act as switches by controlling the flow of current between the collector and emitter terminals. When a voltage above 0.7V is applied to the base, the transistor is switched on, allowing current to flow from the collector to the emitter. With no base voltage, the transistor acts as an open switch, blocking current flow. The document provides an example circuit using an NPN transistor as a switch to light an LED, explaining how varying the base voltage controls whether the transistor is on or off.

Uploaded by

Seva Gloria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transistor as a Switch

I. Basic Theory
Transistor as a Switch
Based on the voltage applied at the base terminal of a transistor switching operation is
performed. When a sufficient voltage  (Vin > 0.7 V) is applied between the base and emitter,
collector to emitter voltage is approximately equal to 0. Therefore, the transistor acts as a short
circuit. The collector current Vcc/Rc flows through the transistor.
Similarly, when no voltage or zero voltage is applied at the input, transistor operates in
cutoff region and acts as an open circuit. In this type of switching connection, load (here LED
lamp) is connected to the switching output with a reference point. Thus, when the transistor is
switched ON, current will flow from source to ground through the load.

Example of NPN Transistor as a Switch

Consider the below example where base resistance Rb = 50 k ohm, collector resistance Rc
= 0.7k ohm, Vcc is 5V and the beta value is 125. At the base input a signal varying between 0 and
5V is given so we are going to see the output at the collector by varying the Vi at two states that
is 0 and 5V as shown in figure.
II. Tools and Materials
1. Resistor 1KΩ
2. LED Diode
3. Potensiometer 50K, 10K
4. Transistor BD135
5. Power Supply
6. Jumper Cable
7. Project Board
8. Analog Multimeter

III. Circuit Image


IV. Experiment Data

No Parameter Voltage
1 Vcc 6V
2 VLed 1.8 V
3 VR 1.26 V
4 Vce 18.6 mV
5 Vin/Vbase 3.6 V

V. Data Anlysis

From the data above, the transistor is worked / ON because the base triggered
with positive voltage from Vcc. The value of Vin or Vbase from the circuit above is
3.6 V. Then the voltage devided by LED and resistor, so that LED have 1.8 V and
the resistor have 1.26 V.

VI. Conclusion
From the experiment we can conlude that the transistor can be a switch.
When the base triggered by the positive voltage transistor is ON or active, so the
collector and emitter will be connected. Then the LED will be ON. The transistor
will be turn of or unactive when the base doesn’t triggerred by the positive voltage
from the Vcc. In this situation the transistor like switch in off position. The transistor
will be active when the base triggered by the positive voltage because we use a NPN
transistor.

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