Vaccines & Toxoids

Name Description Efficacy Adverse Effects Precautions & Contraindications Route, Site, Schedule
MMR Measles, Develops w/in 2-6 Mild: sore, red, swell, CI during pregnancy & immunocompromised SQ, 1st dose -12-15 mo;
mumps, rubella weeks rash, fever, stiff. Severe: child. Give to HIV pt if asymptomatic. PC –hx of 2nd dose – 4-6 y/o. (at
(German thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenia or rxn to eggs, gelatin, or least 4 wks btw 1st & 2nd
measles) anaphylaxis (allergy to neomycin. Postpone in children w/ mod-severe
Live virus gelatin) febrile illness.
DTaP Diphtheria and Begins after 3rd Mild: drowsy, anorexia, CI: if pt had immediate anaphylactic rxn or IM in deltoid or thigh. 5
Tetanus toxoids dose. 4-6 yrs (P) & pain, swell, red, fretful. encephalopathy. PC: if pt had shock-like state, injections: 1 @ 2mo, 2
& Pertussis 10 yrs (D&T) Mod: inconsolable crying fever 105 or higher, inconsolable crying lasting @ 4mo, 3 @6mo, 4@
Vaccine Severe: encephalopathy 3hr, convulsions w/in 3 days 15-18mo, 5@4-6yrs
(bacteria) (w/in 3 days of vaccine)
IPV Inactivated After 2 or more No serious AE. Contains SQ, anterolateral thigh;
Poliovirus doses trace amts of 4 doses: 1 @ 2mo, 2 @
streptomycin, neomycin, 4mo, 3 @6-18mo, 4 @
bacitracin 4-6 years.
Hib Haemophilus 1 wk after 1st dose. Safest among all vaccines IM –midthigh or outer
influenzae type If combined w/ D upper arm. 4 doses: 1 @
b; bacterial or T toxoid (Hib 2mo, 2 @ 4mo, 3 @ 6
TITER) – 1-2 wks mo, 4 @ 12-15 mo.
after 4th dose
Varicella Live attenuated Complete No serious AE CI: pregnant, leukemia, lymphoma, sensitive to SQ outer upper arm or
virus; protection 85-96% neomycin or gelatin, or pt is anterolateral thigh;
immunocompromised 12mo-12 y/o (single
dose); >13y/o 2 doses (4
wks apart)
Hep B Inactive viral 85% protected Very safe IM (thigh in infants);
antigen after 2nd dose; 90% deltoid in adults. 2nd
after 3rd; lasts 5-7 dose 1 mo after 1st, then
yrs. 3rd 4 mo later.
Hep A Inactive viral Near total No serious AE Recommended for all children at least 1 y/o and IM – deltoid; 1st dose-
antigen protection after 2nd adults with greater potential for contact –street 12mo; 2nd – 6-18mo
dose drugs, travel, liver dz, etc after 1st dose
PCV7 Bacterial; (S. pneumoniae) Recommended for all children under age 2 and IM – thigh (infants);
pneumococcal btw 2-5. deltoid (older); 4 doses:
2,4,6, 12-15mo
MCV4 Bacterial: People w/ Guillain Barre Recommended: college freshmen in dorms, IM - deltoid
meningococcal should NOT get vaccine military, travelers, spleen injuries, routine expos.