A188 Pre-Gouging the Cane atign the Knife to cut one flat facet, rapping it smartly downwards with the age the other band. Turn the cane around and ‘plane’ the other edge flat, sasothing away any remaining irregularity. Remove excesive width testing diligently within calipers." 6B CHOOSING A GOUGER Machine and Blade Specifications anne Boano by Harvard Double Reeds, a metal jg thet may be addressed with a small custom plat {hed flat across to the edges.” ‘Many recommend a PL/ holds the cane so that its edges ‘Thick cane should emerge smoot The Pre-Gouger with a Curved Blade he design ofthe Ble prdetemines every axpect ofthe ree. prima ates tothe cane diameter, and must closely fellow the Guide fkeos which the ade protrudes: ony nininalvriaion i tlerated Before the cane tipped. The resulting sde-thick Jofthe machine. ness must generally be asked of the machin taker wth an elit ct ecommendaton becomes cxrtal wining surprising that a sea of eonfsion confronts the eboist making comparisons yy investing in an ‘One would greatly prolong the life of the Gouger blade by available Shernative clearly superior for EuRoPEaN techniques. A curved blade, ina choice of radi, pre-gouges the damp cane much more deeply ‘The Prr-Govceas by Willy Wetlstein and Kunibert Michel drive the cane under a flat blade before itis immediately offered to a curved one, ® Measunino neTH2 Conners: 4S 4 A SLONIFICANT VaRIABLE The gel rt emp the eal is wih hat st bind shaped piece It is rare toolmaker however, wh st what exe! with, le Ween gu with sin explicitly measures cD gua (he of many American Shaper Tips too), K. Michel and others Oboe othe | norm, while many players prefer muSMPREPcanes, So one mio ane wats of po 02 mat he es In easy thee ayy Sew of estes aan easly be compensated for wth the Ln ‘fenton mich pati pedo tol pectin One cl non “See he ane gg be aed aay aw sent to measte sme 1] mm above te tread the edge Tey wher te wedi tcl spre: Of ce te reed acts thr aot anemone ee might esse = 08 “The Reeds n Stuff model trims it doubly in one pass; the thickness setting may be adjusted with shims down from 1.1 mm, though for normal purposes 0.75 mnt leaves the true Gouger just three 10 five passes to complete the task Be sure to dry the underside of all blades ater use, to avoid rus. Some players prefer an alternative or SPARE GOUGER for the heavier preparatory work ‘Amenicaw players generally prefer a PLANING Board, since to flip’ thicker cane permits the requisite number of complete ‘Gouger shavings (chips) that ensure symmetry. Separate the prepared canes now into batches according to diameter ~ witht an accuracy of 4 millimetre, Caption each in pencil or ballpoint. Despite a recommendation frequent followed to store only pre-gouged ci = aaaeitane (hich eliminates any risk of worm damage), the cane wll age much nave rapidly this way. Unless has been marked up, by te time any one pie ie chocen, the oboist will unfortunately have forgotten its discovered qualities he Single le Rade Gouger uss lade of cca Pe ave The be ton at ae he repel wt he ae may Some Gi eee teen eB gig Specified in Ch Bch 5c varaa Gouging Machine Options 68-190 European Single-Radius Gougers 6e-191 When the cane is round, the blade sharp and centred” (and the Runway Other makers choose horizontal}, “any material coming away will indicate only that the cane atrive at diffeom eg has not been properly reinserted.” Kunibert Michel, the doyen of boss! Chapter nett a ‘toolmakers, strenuously recommended mot turning the cane. Instead, measure tem rex the side-thickness at symmetrical point, and, if necessary, nudge the cane Incidental the f ite sideways on the Shaper to re-centre any individually errant pice.’ gouged more dep re, rapertontly thinner a8 the cane i th of any central band of strength indeed need to turn the cane around. Thisis unlikely to respond syrametrcaly, CHANGING BLaDe Siz Mt broader edges "The unbalanced forces additionally skew the cane, so that the stronger edge Before they wil mis Posse o substitute Blades ofa difere 0 they naturally Private. (Explained in iectly before purchase, ‘Tir 10m Genaeaw German-Style Gougers: Many German player oa European and British Reeds (An International Merging) ‘he 11.0 mar blade usually 0.30 a into the corner, les invites collapse, so very thicker sides (or } ‘Te ‘StaNDARD' 10.5 MM BED AND MATCHING BLADE ‘ker sides (or to tolerate i Whereas American Gougers largely perpetuate or refine original French == Uesigne Kunibert Michels machines andthe simple pattern of Georg Rieger have long set European standard . stoneadil Unfortunately no formula exists “The majority of Europeans now choose @ BED oF 1045 mm, which offers ac Set wi vary i yy cnc in ratio by only one-third or so rewen range of eptons by offering a litle lata, Mics standard Blade Bo cane diomerers a Populaysupred. Cenc to hich its compressed dani ged 10 by the ex fea diference of QA mm nig ress daring shaping. ee to thecorners),ieground to daieter Inreevarionat ArPRoacis of ea mt (hen working at 3°). Ties so Bap wren Brawn on na Be 5 OF CincoLAR Seerion oe ; any peters eed sealedup madcatony nt en to ge genly Sonn og anh Se Thi ce | 1 nenure eee n Britain now udev : cen interesting ty at Across Europe BETES MT while to regain ah (225-735 mm, ec bse) A wider Shope mim). produces more leh relxed and ditertnee en ory drawing ieee cet wing err «uty ofc oe. ven eed nad from tub sey " "a change of roughly 0.1 mm for every side-reduction of 0.01 mm chee aA > 208 seeGS, gouge "Chap66-192 Gouging Machine Options (ovhere it becomes relevant), for 14 a4 CANE. An older machine cutting at 40° produces more sonorous and pliable results: a blade of around 12.20 ~ 12.25 ow should give aside fall of 0.18 sta oso. Too often neglected, perhaps through a lack of comparison or experience, is the transition of the curve, for even this design produces a result of far less subtlety than a smaller blade (40° / 12.10 ~ 22.15 ma) set to cut eecentricall, offset by ‘£0.04 ~.06 mm in a suitable machine, to give moderate edges of 0.43 MM at a ‘width around 7.25 mm, The chapter returns finally to this exceptional design ‘American ‘Single-Radius’ Symmetrical Gougers Single-radius machines, mostly using curves of a circular section, are less sensitive to set up and use. Consider, though, that ultimate quality should be more important than convenience. If the particular result does not suit, one Could try a different Shaper-Tip! before ordering a fresh blade. Very litle ‘ivergence will be tolerated, however, before the Guide and Bed themselves need to be adapted to match, “American gouging ratios vary between 0.60:0.45 mm and 0.60:0.50 mm, with (0.48 mm now a generally favoured side-thickness in the corners. Most blades fare designed to cut at 45°, unlike German designs. As explained finaly,” this = in itself should lead to thicker sides (with a blade of identical radius). At 45 ‘and 11 mm, an American 60:45 ratio is achieved with a blade (of circu Scction) of around 11.8 st diameter. (See ED/LS recommendations in Chapter 5) Since most players choose a small blade, this is primarily to gouge tube ane as small as 10.25 MM in @ Bed of 11.0 oF even 11.2 ma, Even though the tdamp cane flexes outwards, the sides must tend to emerge, of course, thinnet than they would if the cane fited accurately. Consistency becomes paramount Coxrustox Souven Single-radius Gougers are designed to work centrally, the initial intention bei to gouge cane that fits the Bed. One such is the RDG machine, whose normal model is supplied with an 13 soe BED. (Customised versions are available f0F to and 10.5 uxt) Its puzzling specification has created widespread confusill that stringently requires clarification. For helping to provide the solution are indebted to Sarah Beck of RDG. Their ‘standard’ blade, in an 11 wat BE ‘which produces a ratio of 60:45 in 11 MM CANE, Is quoted as "11 mm" Se 2 curve could not produce sides thinner than the centre ~ unless of cous small cane is substituted. This is now finally proved to be an ERROR past down over decades from the late designer inthe time of Bob Gilbert, the ime chap | Forrest offer a choice of single snd double-radiu B Hehtycomplexcurvethatisneiticratrveradin ee American Single-Radius Options 68-19: 193 explanation being thatthe engrai 4 "Philadelphia specication tn an ft mn Rel Py sre nor tread “This blade produces et gua RD Tigres 's~ but the listing is offered to help, “ts RDG Blade Numbers pd oa 60:45 30 Cane / Bed diameter, mm no Blade NAME W a 5 Gane Red deter mm Gams 10s m7 Blade NAME. 10.5 : 70 Gane ed ance idence wo [0 | ME a a ar llr wih tre blade specication, sake be 8 and 116 mn Alternate 468 and 116 Mn Almaty Bap oF town mee Se of 4073 of 1085 8 The pnts of Don Rose Seg eae st adjustments posible. The lade (iat tte cote ra parabolic curve. A design 5050 mm be eichange ono juitea different principle, Ym that produces a ratio of 0.58 0.50 mm can be custom tapers.! The innova Aescribed below, works on 4 | John Ferrillo offers this opinion ‘A single-radius gouging blade leads to Phenomenon observed by lon but my coy ene radius blade shape (which, " bcomer api aimee levation in pitch, Nor does it ness of theaidens {caning ts sag o spread. The eet becomes more nated sre aoe he pray nth Side ete mes ner ines iis case, the relative thicknes ofthe cane at the ede oe i a * said to be an irrelevant consideration, in cor sone ae ‘ential transition of that elliptical curve." pron with especially haa er68-194 Gouging Machine Options American ‘Double-Radius’ Gougers and Blades Many poyersenoy the restr fines ofthis more complex design Thebes Tooltalers fer a personal apy. fen ged with exeaordna prion, Stews ade origaly Ron sharpened by some singled player ‘hone muhpe carves led working a) can ony be pected by nae which compounds the calnge in omporing rea Many are special Aestgnedocuumalcanese Lovo anemia or wider A we stcap guge con handle sneha nee ection)> Hollywood oboist William Criss (1921 ~ 1984) reported that Tabuteau would keep his gouged thickness uniform across the centre, the ellipse dropping away only after the cane extended beyond the diameter of the Tube opening = “afall rom 0.61 to 0.47, or from 0.57 to 0.42 mm ~ measured across a [puzzling] span of 7.5mm. chines difer in every way however, from German mode ‘Double rads” gogers ae prinary ended wa oct oct Hk the specialist German options described om the next page, rather, the peak of the blade travels down, the middle of the cane. The renting conic Section i asymmetrical, ifferent on each se ofthe blade, hence the mame The complex curve cus aivaye on the Inside edge (here abo Beas rete compression). or accuracy, the cane has tobe ‘ied’ every few stroke to eave an el imp on cach side rather than the shape of the blade, This alo mia ings the unequal forces on sds offering thickness. (Cares requied i Teplacng the eane centrally each te) Thus the domfhan inside edge pe ‘inmetry even athe blade dle Several machine ofr the adaltonal option oth the Cage that can ralph ene (ven the ae Inaddton), to achieve a more personal res ~ aways ctng on the de iment Sten This offset may be adjusted with some kind of sidewall Adj Opus 1 gouger shows “Thicker ~ Thinner” engraved on the ate tothe! he niin pos rats tn wl le ts both sides bl fais blade Bian more quickly sce jst one edge oft cts Both fi stve curves becomestMatened ithe the mechan can be ste Study outwards in compensation, Results must reward the effort expeine tmaybe undertaken and corrected) to suit the taste ofthe player - slong i thectrutral requiemens of the Shope! : 2 Seepage 205 | results are completely differen “Fh Europe, a richer-sounding ti Anthin i. Side dimensions become restored: as the resultin Moved further ulf-cente, “More Complex American and European Gougers 68-195 SoM INDIVIDUAL SpEctFIcaTIONS. HDR offers a choice of three subtle options for oboe Gouger blades of conical section, and four for English horn. John Ferrillo's developments of traditional machines, including a Side-Adjustment Slide, are optimised to ensure depth of tone and pitch stability. These are refinements of the early Wohlcld gougers and of the Emest Graf production now continued by grandson Robert Graf. (E.G. developed the specification alongside Marcel Tabuteas) Graf's double-radius machines offer an ‘adjustable brass eccentric’ and can be ordered to any dimension, bst, curiously, the blade needs to be pre-sharpened elsewhere: John Symer, Chikao Inomato, Robert Driscoll, David. Weber, Robert Weiner and Robert Sorton produce individual blades The Ridilla model by Reeds 'n Stuffin conjunction with Prof, Andrea Ridilla of Miami University isan innovsive double-radius machine that uses an eliptial blade in an 11 mm Bed, and includes a dial indicator to ensure precision when that blade is offset. (A 10 mm Bed is also an option.) ‘The Jeanné gouger was developed by Valarie Anderson in consultation with John Mack. Like all others “in the know’, the producers reiterate that “with the correct interior properties ofthe gouge, the serape becomes secondary in importance.” The blade, with « modified curvature of 12 mm, may be adjusted sideways; but so may the Bed in addition. “Both methods are necessary, as the Teo other highly refined and adjustable gougers that may be customised, ach of them both single and double-radius, ae the Opus 1 gouger of Robert Driscoll and the Westwind gouger of Bob Hubbard. These are discussed below Furopean ‘Offset’ or ‘Eccentric’ Gouging Machines ransition into the sides from a cental band, or pound: may be obtained from a reduced blade (of circular section, designed. {Bi give thicker sides), working in a Carriage offset minutely - but not the bade elliptical cut is the thickness drops away increasingly. (An extreme tng would begin to suggest an internel ‘W") 7 blade will blunt most where it cuts most - always atthe edges, especially Ta Strved Pre-Gouger has not been used. Within its likspon thee tion will grow highly significant. The inestimable bonus of all eccentric Ger I that one can offset the Carriage increasingly to restore the degree thinness required atthe sides.Gouging Machine Options Innovative Gouging Machines a ce ues te 7 Ts th eles hops eat i eta a ect ne in suri fn ota ne nde curetre, though once red. thee aca BY compressing the ‘on designs of any width. and both European and American iMack models are offered, °° ‘A screw mechanism to each side of Seam eee ey as tabich ffs the Caringe by 2 carted deliberately restrict the number of formal en Fe tng doublecutisiklythatthecene elf willbe thinned MME locked permanent so tat iecaeee Genet Particula,« Bed at around +0.03 mm). 4 rust be safer to offset the Carriage alone. gouged on the diagonal Michel and Georg Rieger) Fi a a tue bya ealated kn erounding Opus Gouger pert “Lied Deen a ee hgh sophisticated hot centred, Draw stripes with a soft pencil (0 see exactly where it is cutting by turning a single screw for each, ABI and experiment, {once the Carriage has been centred) it should achieve four identical edges. 9 The last is the result of a lifetime of a toolmakers, Robert Hubbard of West eons ele nes . bulletin boards, incidentally, is of unsurpass pete and on some innovative Gouging Machines Sperm) masini nay tle ed on ng iscussed shortly. The depth of cutis adjusted, not by movie the Kee ‘omission to overlook numerous traditional machines which preserve curves thickness remains constant as, protrudes: thus the cane {not sharpen), tat aes an tings honed cylinder simple to replace (but moto sharpen), that rotates age may be replaced with ger element Siero rsh cttngsrfces-A ge variety of lads and Bed diameters man otegee Paced with mets designed forthe abe rene Te ed eed sere. (Th : lsh horn, agin avoiding the need for multiple machine {vailable. The Bed is centred, or adjusted, by a locked offset hex: ‘Cane must be therefore turned around for an eccentric cut.) The assembly ci be exchanged for a larger cor anglais Bed, Blade and Guide. R'ns also fe 2 Passin’ model with e traditional blade Usat gives a sice-fall of 0.18 m “The widely favoured Innoledy machine works like a highly developed Gouger. Each cane is pushed up to four times under the blade by a geatt rod, after a zero setting has been secured on the mounted Dial Micromet 1 chooToGouge Dry, Damp or Wet? 6c-199 be ioe te ong cana he Clap, Gino heat of the cane, or shavings under it, will of course rae then rds the blade, which results in a thinner cut than intended, Simy ‘ can alo te Bed casonay se sane towards the ply slide one end of the 6C THE GOUGING MACHINE Before sing an unknown Gou the Carag sally fom end wend belareisrgenne will gouge metal out ofthe End Stops Take eet Site Her Dias ulok ai move inthe“ estan es sf reduce the sting in contled sages perhaps to whee ea ene TECHNIQUE '8¢h, PROTECT 115 BLADE, Prove that you can slide ‘fe 0 low.the blade secunry Imperfect or resistant cane can jump dangerously out of the Gouger Bed ‘Catting witha light touch encourages the Gouger not to slip as should the layer of ft ged underneath. Choose a table with a somewhat rough surface, A Small G-clamp, o «supporting screw or Block, should be unnecessary. (Some “American obolsts prefer to hold the machine in their lap, which scarcely invites precision.) Soaking the Cane Leave the various screws alone until you know exactly what they do." Place Why Gouging Damp Cane May Be Best 4 drop of light machine oil periodically along the steel Bar, on the Roller an ‘on ts Runway, and occasionally on the blade too, (Note that the HDR govger uses self lubricating bearing along the Stel. Remove oil except for storage) | Govaine Dry Cane Opinions vary. A smooth inner surface o Pte thea 2 met nner urface offerte least resistance tothe srflow ame effect.) Without doubt the glossi ae cus dry cane - bat that nae eth quite unorgiving, nM" Bt prety, (Never use '3-inI’ oll on the Oboe. It contains graphite which rapidly creates wear between the Steel, the softer keywork and the pillars. Choose light motor oll or thick “key il’ in preference.) which rave. Th + Any imperfections ¢ ' imperfections can be ripped out by the blade, tolerant of damp cane that flexes better. MNS more 5 tee under a mapntyny len z,,Retuing inyperections ick Sortesponding fibres standin, 7 Sesoying ation, MME Amos in the metal will leave bly proud on the surface, When the a Span 8 cme next eked, the smouth sue wil ul |"110 Slip sc_200 Gouging Technique Gouging Technique nish when the final thickness The Actions of Gougit + Any resis imperfections wil vanish when the Se Action of Gouging ispefetedandpolshedsmooth when dry) withahand-Sersper eh pee of Many red-makers keto pace @pno® of on on each ret p thy cane. This docs smooth the Interaction. especialy te blade {ows lanter and will polog ts le Keep sec oy fom the ‘THe ANGLE oF Traver The most even cut, as recommended by toolmakers, is wi vs Produced by gouging from right to left across the body This er final surface necessary delicate ‘ouch, but can become tiring Especalh nl Wercane ress extremely light, Cane that is aly wet gouges pool: swells to pel aay ke cheese instead of rippling ofthe blade. the na thickness almost possible to predeg or cone, and the surface ean emerge crude and regular. Ths sate tay offen Ameren senses, Cane hat mat be ged ar imery intot water maybe scraped smooth again once it heeded before shaping yor asf Patch It grows more comfortable to push the Caring, you as the arm extends, Avoid pressing down so thal the ne too thins develop the habit of producing whole, leave an equal thickness from end to end within ‘even shavings| at all points along the centre. Expect 2.01 mm. (0.02 mm is already too grea Damp Cane P ged no wetter than necesay dey Experience proves that cane i best gouged no wetr , aterpregouging, to resembles dames a eed mn tse. Thorough soaking is required only when tying onthe final pas ofthe blade should expe ane that ll almost dry Wat the ane seca, pl back the Carcage as fora itl tanel thereat Clamp on it spring, Ret the bade down ea Gi forvard evento farend: the cane remake ea Gil bebnd he le. & clean shaving shoal los eel ny dee wherethe lad first touches anessonc ae eed Plane pieces might ein tepid water for litle more than 15 minute. Yet tray preserved many belive)" th sete segs ae pe ight seem repeal o many perf soak nd poe tw sage Ine ime mange Bac 2 pc efor 3 fone te other gl he gg er ese hy ey oe Cn aed edn han Pa Gove shell require ant one sosk of under $ minutes afer pre-gouging, some ebas Parseave Tie Braps thank ack the Carriage to start another cu, ‘Float the blade just peace, 8 that its not blunted on each retorn stroke seo int the Clamps when ited: a propely designed necking in Europe) will not alow this to occur = MEDS: “Add bumper cork if necessary”) ‘merely est their cane on a wet towel, bark upwards, 3 and machin (as ind lay the canes out for 2 | Remove the entire batch, shake off droplets, and lay = couple of mine 0 that they maybe goed a uniform dampness om players keep them in a plastic bag, One can thus predict excellent consistency wet cane gouges thinner than dry cane, (soft cane thinner than hard) Now gouge progressive shavings that should 5 that the machine, as ly from end to end, curling off smooth tr ‘pring from the blade. We will assume for the Supplied, is properly regulated, producing sh ihe Oe thickness and gouging witha trator eae blade s me rae, Will need readjusting w give thicker shavings ig rg ahs {ADE May merely prove too soft) if ied ge AateRican GousERs AND Wet Cane a Devause American reed-makers routinely do gouge cane that is smaller than th Beis imperative that it be thoroughly soaked (generally in very wm wall Ae eg 40d woody orth blade ris nt the Pees ae to flex outwards under the Guide so that ts not destroyed, and to preserved itis set to eat much t '90 deeply (unless itis totally off lustments. (Instructions follow in 1 Neng EUs ntl stopped by the heigh-sting Role el Beak, ORE BO more will come away, avoid running 1 backwards and forwards, which will only succeed oy ‘canes abrasive. Measure the central thickness ato comes dg thickness, The cane must be hard enough to sping back Soaking and diameter should still remain consistent to achieve consistent Proportions. (See EDILS, Chapter 3.) > A Ch chan See page 236 -S-ChI0G Consider Ch8AControling the Cane Thickness Setting a Thickness ‘Once @ fresh blade produces some consistent results (within a batch of a constant hardness and dampness), you will probably choose to reset the thickness. First, as recommended by Kunibert Michel, it is recommended to verify the true current setting by gouging several pieces smaller than the Bed {to ensure that the centre of the cane is indeed resting along the bottom), 6D ADJUSTMENTS. It makes good sense anyway always to set the gouge maybe 0.02 mm too thick to accommodate the inevitable variation that occurs when a soft piece emerges a litte thinner than desired. Any excess may be polished away later ‘with a Scraper! (Canes emerging even thinner will prove to be too large, or too wet, soft, papery or ‘rubbery’, as may be verified by twisting them.) For an intendedly softer batch of cane, set the machine around 0.03 mm thicker (Wait a while if the cane has emerged wetter than intended.) Soft cane, being less springy or ‘stiff, plays flatter than ards it requires to be gouged a lite thicker or scraped much less to achieve the same pitch. THE THICKNESS SETTING Thess no need tobe nave of making adjustments ong as you prot Bade and proced with» cet hend. Maden Gouger re unnigatbones es regulate Make «noe ofthe inital eight sting (en agen) fear toi at any fate tine, You wl nd om a he ok Conta the hicknes ofthe emerging cane so that you may lowing designs to [Any hard (or insufficiently soaked) cane will both swell less and resist the blade more, emerging thicker than normal pieces in the batch, usually by ro less than 0.02 mm, A Dial Micrometer is essential to check results: hand- tightened Engineers’ Calipers will quash the cane. 1. TweCautonaren Wass A sco i tuned by a clbsed Dial over the Carige, that i teste! Roller that uns along the Ra. strlese Loti ae Coa | atrationon page 206 od damage remembering eigen ‘CONSISTENCY IN MEASURING: SWELLING IN Wet CANE. 3 Gouged cane shrinks progressively over time as it dries out. It will swell rapidly when dampened to play, and again when fully soaked. The difference in micrometer readings between extremes will be a minimum of 0.04 mm. Most European machines diss tach calibration will signify a aly ifthe pitch of the screw is ‘alibrations will shift the thick Hon the engraving (“+” or 80 markings per tevoltion ofthe da, so hange in thickness of precisely 0. m= bet 13 mm. (Note tht om Miche! machines, tuo es by around 803 mm) Tn the we {cill to move inthe correct direction, which may cond pecs Sie scew may carry a revere pith: ockwise can spect tnfanee Soft cane absorbs more moisture than dense cane: the degree of change forewarns of the quality of the piece. In other words, damp cane will dry in storage from 0,58 mm to 0,56-0.57 mm, but will swell, when fully soaked to 0.60 mm or more. When this increased reading occurs again at the back of the finished teed, behind the scrape, it reflects both residual humidity ul the tension of the structural curvature over the Micrometer tongue In Chapter 14, ‘Players’ Specifications’, this exaggerated figure will be seen (@ be offered in Quotes: eg, “61”. The blade is always reluctant 10 take Bik ster it 10 take off less than the thickness of one When players discuss the optimum thickness of cane, the frequel disregarded overriding factor is the Degree of Dampness at which is measured. Take note of the changes within your own supplies. announce the quality icnga PRI CHIA ‘Tir Stupixe-Wepors He1en Mecuanisa iMpler machines " Perpetuate a totally crude method of adjust fl: machi of adjustment. The Rail forms the upper surface of one ofa pair of wedges lying head totoe Miva cer, the top surface is shifted to change the thickness of the cane6p-204 Gouging Machine Controls inching itil rare vals fe a recp or ssn an ld i ‘matters by pushing the lower wedge firmly to one end, Mh tiny tsrbingon eet vom bth sue ‘Two uni wis functioning, simplify and slide only the upper asa variable, Mark’ i Seale (affixed on paper. or painted on in stripes) vertically ac ‘making up a fine ruler around the centre, 5 dt timenet so allow the Ral or Bed to men asi ed asp ed lows The Rs asemby sles ¥ oe to the ef fox every repscey nor m-th Opus gouger wrk ugh sin ay Bt re uth cliton) Res the loking revs 0 Tiger gins? cary alatedausients,Aeping notes aster. This desi Pfu securate though ls lexble than Option) WARNING. too far = into the If the dial (of Option [1]) is turned down net whole evolution where the number red out identically, sible measurement for past the thinnest permissib 0mm) the bade wil be wrecked by gouging metal slivers out of the End: Stop, (Check with «strong magnifier.) Whenever setting blade, always start much too high, reducing the came thickness in carefully monitored stages. 0 mm) ~ the "Thinning maybe 0.03 mm from around the quality Compate this with the dimenstons player Peter Newbury,? wh the period). The normally broad from 0.60 mim to 0.55 mm in the centre, produces the most enticing results with @ drop from 0.70 to 0.60 mine) ee Te chan@ BA 2 SeeGS,Ch.i4 7 See Lede, op it ng) the can sth increased tendeney 10 Te dog small internal ound towards 9 best and firmest cane 7 It might be produced by Tightly polishing ~ test with 8 along the length): of each gouged pieced fold achieves a discreet boost supplied in 1968 by the English hose gouge would taper {rom over 0.68 mmm a So nny inthe cou (Goplyng ane tone chaste ca ene iy road. emer ten hia though Harald Hérth,* for 086 Adjstments fr lvegulae Cane How to Deal with Ill-Fitting Cane Since the trimmed cane should have been sorted into marked categories (within increments of a quarter-millimetre), the Gouger can be adjusted in advance to allow for deliberate deviation, In each circumstance it will need setting to produce thicker cane: later we can rub excess away, but it can never be put back, (it is understandable why commercial cane varies so widely: the extra work adds considerable time that performers spare to better purpose than those who have a massive commercial output.) UsiNG SMALLER TuRE OR LARGER TURE Forcane 0.25 f0 0.5 mm smailer in diameter than the Bed, soak the pre-gouged piece for a good 20-30 minutes, so that it wil flex more readily outwards and, be cut less fiercely (as is standard practice in the USA). The protrusion of the blade will tolerate only this much deviation before the sides are ripped aay. Cane that is smaller still demands a nareower Gouging Bed or a specially designed elliptical blade." (More awkwardly, et the machine 0.02 ~ 0.03 mm thicker to restore the sides, tien rub away the over-prominent internal spine, conce dry, with a Scraper.) For cane wider in diameter, first narrow the pre- gouged cane so that it sits lower in the Bed to offer less resistance to the Gude; this should create a smaller error. Alternatively (or additionally) add 0.02 — 2.03 mm on the Height-Settiag Dial per added half-millimetre of diameter, to restore the intended centre-thickness; a wider Shaper will probably be equired to mitigate the increased edge thickness CANE FOR THE OBOE D’AMORE AND BARITONE / Bass Onor _ Usually the need to gouge exceptional cane arises when preparing reeds for the ‘0n0" b'aMone.? At the extreme, cane of up to 12 MM diameter may be managed in an Onor Bed of 11 ma, or of 11.25 Mat in a 10.5 MM Bed, before it will jump out ofthe End-Stops. Burrrone onor cane up to 44 tat may be simi ‘Accommodated in a (French-style) con aNGLAIs machine of around 13 MN The thickness setting will therefore need adjusting doubly upywaeds: initially 40 restore the Centre as just described, but then by probably as much again Aotalling an increase in settings ~ not results ~ equivalent to a shift of 7.06 - 0.08 mm), to create in proportion the thicker cane needed for the fr instrument. It helps that the reed will be cut on a wider Shaper, which Fonveniently restores the edge proportions. An ENGLISH HORN GouceER with a 12 mm Ben might be used alternatively with OBOF D'AMORE CANE of 11.5 mm, his case, follow the nornal procedure for cane of a smaller diameter. Remember to reset the machine after use, while the initial reading is fresh in the mind. 2 Detailed in Chi7a ech Gage by urbe Mehl Hanover se these controls are representative. ‘Addusting the Gouger Settings eb-207 60-206 BLADE ADJUSTMENTS and i TROUBLE-SHOOTING qb, #2 Caring for the Gouger £2 3 232 : Fe 2 bige ‘The machin being both expensive and delist makes sense to ook art g geet Pade The tratonal way to remo trapped shavings to drag a whale op toy é eiataerttl dry) through the gop under the blade. Use a toothbreoh te oes Py & REECE 225% the Bed. Leave some oil on both the Blade and the steel Bar to inhibit rose 2 $2222.28°8 and occasionally on the ends ofthe hidden Spring that runs between the End. z flies Sep: Cleon up with ag. FONSI gon hep ol oe ae Beceegyi se Blade when not in use.” (Never use WD40 spray: afer 40 dare hc, igseen: Die water rete iigaasihi The blade is by far the most sensitive part; the edge must never be bruised ever the machine must be carried, protect the cuting-edge so that nothing fam ever touch it. Insert a TH:cK WAD OF TISSUE or BUMLE-WRaP to lift Ihe | surrounding Careage. Tape ths generously both sideways and eagihue fa | Preventevery trace of ovemert, and wrap the machine to protectit rom shock r F 6 Eccentie Dial shavings Thickness Screw The Thickness of the Shaving (Chip) A fresh blade correctly inserted should give even shavings with smooth surface, so thin that they are translucent, running the fall length from one dpe across to the other. Initially they should be an even 0.05 mm in thicknece _Check diligently with a micrometer. Listen for a hiss, not a rasp, from the Horking bade, As this quickly alls with use, and shavings reduce to only 0.04 Dreven 0.05 mm, the blade will need setting minut Produce 0.06 mm. It must hardly protrude: even a thes ever be permitted to exceed 0.07 mm. N ne will be changed the Westwind gou further into function, to roughly-worn blade must faturally the thickness of the emerging «along with the protrusion of the blade (except inthe care ager)! The Height Setting will require a small adjustment Angic& Blade Radius Markings blade cutting too deeply wil dig in ( chatter, attempting to lift the cane Inall events the Near End de pulls the cane towards i led piece thinner atthe Far Gust as every plane blade will grab clear of the Bed and finally ripping will be gouged thinner than the rest. A sharp it Conversely, too thin a shaving produces « | End, Either result invites us to reset the blade Gouger by ‘Thickness Adjusting Knob {the Near End consistent emerges too thin, the frst thing todo | 1 check the thicknes ofthe shavings.Gouging Machine Controls How to Adjust the Blade Setting WARNING and LEGAL DISCLAIMER “This Blade may be Sharp.” A new blade is razor-sharp! The Author and Publisher can not be held responsible for cut fingers. take: els ot is «simple ob that too many are afta o undertake: ely necessary tan engineer fone works methodical eextemey pt tnd alas much Hines lero ever bein sch tas ander te Psi af sor ors ete Wok peur od Dot th origina ju of erence Tn mes eases the etion to shi te lade byanjoneor ound of mint, Before unlocking the blade, protect it from damage by again setting the mechanism much too high. Sougers obviously come in many designs, though they fallow bas prin Simpler machines eck some ofthe reinomentilustated. These oe nah fading bu sos prob ete hem tyr ov ac “ 1s boted dow ery gouging BLADE Is mounted ona Cannio which iis bra san (and ma aes dove oa in ot Sm Before releasing (C) and tempting to move the Blade with (the fea Store sown ec Seat (Nov fe asi ee ste yey aban eae ke bore ae eet ote theimtetion sto deepen the cut afar ait can possibly ake up slack. willensre that he Fant on tp when lee and turned wl el bidcto move Neat release the main screw (C), Loosen only avery ite: go a BA far, then turn it back ntl finger tight’. This is esental to maintal Aajusting the Blade Settings 60-209 A free blade will setting. Finally relea sideways movement, slide when pushed, losing all reference to a credible se both screws (B) (if they exist) that inhibit the blades e-securing them scarcely to'finger-tightness" his is more accurately gauged by turning slot instead of its normal tip. Consider 4 mm thread by one whole revolution Therefore turning it by only 1/50th (or will move the blade forwards by 0.01 mm, y laying a fingertip under the sharp edge 8 tiny screwdriver shank within the the ‘pitch of the screw: rotating « would move the blade by 0.30 mm, approximately “I minute of the clock) which is usually all that is required. By climinated all slack in Stor (D). To m fist tighten (D) backwards within i ts slot to take up all lack before lenny (©) and (B); then turn it outwards id (anticlockwise) instead. Maintain control Remember to lock everything tight again in reverse order, testing the new setting. Otherwise the friction of the ean yoUhave GONE Too Fax or ost contHon, (B) before (C), before 3 will create havoc. If eset the blade as shallowly as possible, Tete low its ip to drep forwards onto metal. lowly bring the blade Renee, Hees umtl you can detect the merest suggestion of an edger supporting fiserip tests credibility. Note iat every blade will cut w hie anans shallowly than expected once itis bolted entirely right Tere et a over-enthusiastc setting by digging in so dee fhe blade, Use a Micrometer routinely to check the shay Is the Blade Centred? cn ‘having outinty come away correctly can one prove tha the bade a, Undertake digests befor changing the seingn Tet nnn neta ed (o rove that he can i retingon he boa) hes sac dameter and even curve The wo sides shuld emenee a ee rt Pte shoud run slong the mide Srble one pach asthe blade is cting, teforettning the cane sed oe BPs omes cst one side more than the other Observe theepae ned(Centering the Gouger Blade ° Gouging Machine Controls 60-21 oon ier to see whether the ( square-on through a strong mags gi jis can sometimes mislead, Siigle-radius) blade appears centred in the gap. _Tscon sometimes mead however; itis better to check that the shavings emerge The idea isto swing the Blade minutely. (Some recen (on either edge: the conclusion is obvious. making this job unnecessary.) Remember to proteet i ark off the precise width of your 100 high. Proced as bore rekne Loon cee oat omain constant Alternately eaimatea sere feng ser td a a Sn thointng forwards, to indeste which end is which): auto” DOTS equally Benes mine otras treed sould read Mental approximating the tip and Belly of the Shape remeron a ade he “ Spaced should read identically appronimating ee an tape 22ue erie through itso (Some machines offer t wheal) Ome ec as shown below. i out tot ve the beet Robert Driscoll et Opus al eeds to turn (G) by more than 2 or 3 “minutes of the clock” Thon litte se oe ee ee Wa cheap synthetic substitute reason why replacement blade should differ greatly fromthe original Ota precio mm ameter, aan dt erecting ones india ein) ofaprecie 105 mn i How to Centre a Gouging Blade it designs hold it square, the blade again by setting w (E), take up all slack of Zhe lotic behind swinging an inverted curved blade to adjust curved ¢ Gan grow remarkably confusing. In a Michel machine psa, that You can see the blace on the underside, tightening Sean @ Seets (inwards) thickens the nner Edge of the cane. Sone mechs e, pple engraved instructions. Tighien the opposine sckiws (B) elfciently Ren therm eatin: then lock down (C) and the remaining screws gee icsttheruIcknEss or stavinos next provethe new ceNran, and finally reduce Be wack with the Huton Serine. Repea theentecjele adores With the Carriage Asthe blade blunts it leaves an increasingly rou Anife), and may even erush igh surface (as will a scraping the fibres. It will eventually struggle or skier tently smashing them. The time is overdue ig Some innovative designs make this easy. Most How to Insert a Fresh Blade The long side of the blade faces upwards ~ note the old postion! the machine ‘gain initially one whole revolution too high, fo move down wards in small, carefully tested stages yent of the old blade, swinging aw: at the Left-Right measurement of sing Xs important to remember that the Left setting, The complete hen unlock (B) before xemovs the sides depends in prt spon the hikes seting, The comple Bingerprcr aie Carsiage normally) rotates i an area ‘edge will be cut in relation 10 ow nhac un its sensitive, razor-sharp tip from damage. Push i Senne eee need el withthe tolerances ofthe Ce ve sh at frst so that it cannot cut. Follow the knee procedure: the inside, Small changes fall well wit 3 OF (0) s -eTABE the other screws, and frst take up all forward ry tor D) in the newly surro Once you have centred the blade, it wll probably be necessary t jr the newly winding Blade Slo; now release 10) 1, ane And move the blade slowly forwards the thickness of the shaving, before that ofthe finished he blade slowly forwards, ray the entire assembly (E) that limits Screw "ng (C), Let the blade slide gently outwards ire use, Now slide afresh blade in backwards finger held under control by (B),Gouging Machine Controls 6p-212 s: the difference between ‘nothing’ and ‘Rourely- at all” is quite discernible by a fingertip stroking, backwards, Tene qeross a blade. Remember that it will cut slightly more shallowly ain owhen bolted fight. Start by producing the thinnest wisps of shavings eesGualy moving the blade outwards until dhey consistently measure just Sod mm. (This is for a new blade.) Press extremely lightly with a fresh blade, Only then is it safe to reset the cane thickness. Never gouge down below 30 mm, You will possibly need to re-find the centre, and so repeat the cycle. Find whether the blade protrude: Sharpening a Blade ‘The blade was originally ground on jig, travelling in an are ageinst a folating, diamond wheel, set for a specific angle and radius.’ (Multiple smverare more complicated still) It is almost impossible to sharpen says blade accurately by hand, Attempts to address the bevelled face 7 suit almost certainly lead to a rounding which will ruin the tip, and at the Wy least will produce a false ellipse. Send the blade back to the maker for ‘egrinding Its well worth while buying at last one spare with the machine: | sul, however, to hone the flat side a few times instead (but only when the bevelled facet is stright, not “hollow-grounds# for this will alter the curve), The limitation is that minute pockmarks of damage can scarcely be removed without thinning the whole blade Cinsceeptably: remaining irregularities will leave corresponding. fre standing proud on the cane It can be temporarily success press downwards to hold the stxazan, LONG blade surface fla, using a bac ee tforth motion along an ultra-fine and lubricated diamond stone, oils or flat water stone. Its exsental to remove burs which will otherwise ta ane, Drag the BEVELED facet backwards along a towel to push the burt sate the flat side; now repeat the whole exercise a number of times, rep the stone with nothing coarser than “4000-grit™ wet-and-dry polishing P Gna completely flat surface. Remove all burr from both sides tt 0 SRarpness against a fingernail as you would with a red-Knife. Finish of Folishing the flat, upper sie, (Specific details are laid out in Chapter 769 J CIB 3° See also detaed instructions on the OPUE [Gane gouges an ellipse. If mounted atan unchanged 6E GEOMETRY OF A GOUGING BLADE Flucidating Elusive Ellipses Te specify resus we must visa uy nus visualise the way in which «gougi thogh to design working rad isto be the master os level of geome th det anal mor. Whi sw eines tay advanced 9.0 ling techniques, most must combine ret thycarsof playin ling ech moment ee sl th er hg | Tue Cur or tue Babe 1. ies not hard to visualise Fa 0 fad owls how a blade mounted steeply Begin, Bens to scrape beter than i cts Comer angled tout fend os pice ‘cane (rather than take slices off it), increasing th dency te the plese ot ofthe Bed. ery machine maker hae tached pera prem, Mounting gles ay hee 3a lhe ms hs shouldbe inscribe on the lade or machine ss" 40° amd 97.5% The blade is larger than the cane. The greater arc that cuts the small lus produces cane with thinner sides. angle, blade ofa greater __IBS bie curvature and angle mst be designe or ese sds - te even af int the. To andersand pins ey sn dove a Kecp one edge rng span th fir hemos ek he ap eres he sf he tt (kes) popes: The sper the ale ofthe bh is radius to praluce edges of ¢ compare thckeees Note ha the sft more et hed heer ea pee lt changes, This means that the drop-off tow: ne edges he emailer lade is chosen o compensate oe see Be The correct balance deter tire and tone othe sfc mines the strength, aperture and aie the andamenta ference etncen compare necesGouging Blade Geometry seta J angle to whch ground vy He tb mt oh ih sp Especial proton rm the Gide expan shy Sad as vl beTimercangedbeween the machines ee ee eer tappen tobe equally centred So far all straightforward, multiple curves diverges increasingly 6. A complex American blade of multipl designed the working sds the inner, and is individually dei sot cane ttn aps Sy eo ee a a the piece being ped repetely in gouging o aheve laght areca ‘Tus SiNGLE-Raprus BLADE scot heumen Joy tied haben nantes that one nda yb round into short cylindrical face, This curve specifies the quo ed dame. You oul tt tn he appropriate “radius (Diameter) Gag, should be identical and no light would show through 11 mm Blade tip-downwards in an 11 mm Gauge. A Blade of diameter 13.9 mm would ft neatly into a Gauge of 105 mm Photo courtesy of RDG Woodwinds. Gouging Blade Geometry E215 dlong eh, he edge ofthis elinder could not cu, ast Would skid slong the cane: the Blade must be raised 8 lithe bing by K. Miche, Ties sen a ltblay a clearance angle underneath "heey relie?, of inuchines lly the cinder is ground at 24° bythe dane wheel. Other machines display mach smaller clearance ~ end thee on considerably, ae eve, ls tlinder sliced through at an angle presents a pointed ellipse to ee MetPeCilly when Viewing the Mat face ofthe blade The cane, however, Sees’ the edge from below. coming square on resenting almost a circuler that cnt ts Back elif defines a significant divergence’ secondary factor The eg te lps (and partially affects the compres the cane) esas s erideal to the result, and explains why prea from different Ma eactUtrs, even when quoted as being of an dentin specification, will flexibility Kunibert Michel blade, ‘38° / 11.5 mp