PRELIMINARY

KA3020D CD PRODUCTS

SPINDLE MOTOR DRIVER

28-SSOPH-375
The KA3020D is a monolithic integrated circuit,
suitable for a 3-phase spindle motor drive of a CD system.

FEATURES

• 3-phase, full-wave, linear BLDC motor driver

• Power save at stop mode
• Built-in current limiter
• Built-in TSD (thermal shutdown) circuit
• Built-in 3X or 1X hall FG output ORDERING INFORMATION
• Built-in hall bias circuit
• Built-in rotational direction detector Device Package Operating Temperature

• Built-in reverse rotation preventer KA3020D 28-SSOPH-375 -25°C ~ +75 °C

• Built-in short braker
• Corresponds to 3.3 V or 5 V DSP

BLOCK DIAGRAM
FG3X
FG1X
VCC

ECR
CS1

PC1
DIR
S/S

EC
VM

NC

NC

VH
SB

28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15
Generator

Generator

- +
FG1X

FG3X
Start
Stop

Brake
Short

Absolute
Hall
Reverse Rota-

Values
Logic
tion

Current Sense Output

Amp Current Lim it

TSD
Detec-

Direc-
Distribu-

tion
Upper

tor
Communication
Selector
Distribu-
Lower

Hall Amp

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
NC

NC

H1-

H2-

H3-
A3

A2

A1

H1+

H2+

H3+
NC

NC

GND

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PIN CONFIGURATION

FG1X

FG3X
VCC
CS1

ECR

PC1
S/S

DIR
VM
FIN(GND)

NC

EC

NC
SB

VH
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15

KA3020D

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
A3

A2

A1

H1-

H2-

H3-
NC

NC

NC

NC

GND

H1+

H2+

H3+
FIN(GND)

PIN DESCRIPTIONS

Pin no. Symbol I/O Description Pin no. Symbol I/O Description

1 NC - No connection 15 VH I Hall bias

2 A3 O Output (A3) 16 NC - No connection

3 NC - No connection 17 PC1 - Phase compensation capacitor

4 A2 O Output (A2) 18 SB I Short brake

5 NC - No connection 19 FG3X O FG waveform (3X)

6 NC - No connection 20 DIR O Rotational direction output

7 A1 O Output (A1) 21 ECR I Output current control reference

8 GND - Ground 22 EC I Output current control voltage

9 H1+ I Hall signal (H1+) 23 S/S I Power save (Start/Stop switch)

10 H1- I Hall signal (H1-) 24 FG1X O FG waveform (1X)

11 H2+ I Hall signal (H2+) 25 VCC - Supply voltage (Signal)

12 H2- I Hall signal (H2-) 26 NC - No connection

13 H3+ I Hall signal (H3+) 27 VM - Supply voltage (Motor)

14 H3- I Hall signal (H3-) 28 CS1 - Output current detection

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EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS

HALL INPUT DRIVER OUTPUT

27 28

9 10
50Ω 1KΩ 1KΩ 50Ω
11 12

13 14
2 4 7

TORQUE CONTROL INPUT HALL BIAS INPUT

50Ω 5Ω
21 + 15

50Ω
22 -
50KΩ

START/STOP INPUT SHORT BRAKE INPUT

50Ω 50KΩ 50Ω 50KΩ

23 18

30KΩ 30KΩ

DIR or FG OUTPUT

Vcc

20KΩ
50Ω
19 20 24

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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA=25°C)

Characteristics Symbol Value Unit

Maximum supply voltage (Signal) VCCmax 7 V

Maximum supply voltage (Motor) VMmax 18 V

Power dissipation Pd 1.7note W

Maximum output current IOmax 1.3 A

Operating temperature range Topr -25 ~ +75 °C

Storage temperature range Tstg -55 ~ +150 °C

Note: 1. When mounted on 50mm × 50 mm × 1mm PCB (Phenolic resin material)

2. Power dissipation is reduced 13.6 mV/°C for using above Ta=25°C
3. Do not exceed Pd and SOA(Safe operating area).

Pd [mW]
3,000

2,000

1,000 SOA
0
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 Ambient Temperature, Ta [°C]

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

Value
Characteristics Symbol Unit
Min. Typ. Max.

Supply Voltage Vcc 4.5 5 5.5 V

Motor Supply Voltage VM 3.5 12 15 V

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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(Unless otherwise specified, Ta = 25 °C, Vcc=5 V, VM=12 V)

SPEC
Characteristics Symbol Condition Unit
Min. Typ. Max.

Quiescent circuit current Icc 2 5 8 mA

START/STOP

On voltage range Vsson Output driver ON 2.5 - Vcc V

Off voltage range Vssoff Output driver OFF 0.0 - 1.0 V

HALL BIAS

Hall bias voltage Vhb Ihb=20 mA 0.4 1.0 1.8 V

HALL AMP

Hall bias current Iha - 0.5 2 uA

Common-mode input range Vhar 1.5 - 4.0 V

Minimum input level Vinh 60 - - mVpp

TORQUE CONTROL

Ecr Input voltage range Ecr 0.2 - 4.0 V

Ec Input voltage range Ec 0.2 - 4.0 V

Offset voltage (-) Ecoff- Ec=2.5 V -80 -50 -20 mV

Offset voltage (+) Ecoff+ Ec=2.5 V 20 50 80 mV

Ec Input current Ecin Ec=2.5 V -5 0.5 5 uA

Ecr Input current Ecrin Ecr=2.5 V -5 0.5 5 uA

Input/output gain Gec Ec=2.5 V, Rcs=0.5 Ω 0.41 0.51 0.61 A/V

FG

FG output voltage (H) Vfgh Ifg=-10 uA 3.0 - Vcc V

FG output voltage (L) Vfgl Ifg=10 uA - - 0.5 V

Duty (reference value) - 50 - %

OUTPUT BLOCK

Saturation voltage (upper TR) Voh Io=-300 mA - 0.9 1.6 V

Saturation voltage (lower TR) Vol Io=300 mA - 0.2 0.6 V

Torque limit current Itl Rcs=0.5 Ω 560 700 840 mA

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SPEC
Characteristics Symbol Condition Unit
Min. Typ. Max.

DIRECTION DETECTOR

DIR output voltage (H) Vdirh Ifg=-10 uA 3.0 - Vcc V

DIR output voltage (L) Vdirl Ifg=10 uA - - 0.5 V

SHORT BRAKE

ON voltage range Vsbon 3.5 - Vcc V

OFF voltage range Vsboff 0 - 1.0 V

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APPLICATION INFORMATION

1. TORQUE CONTROL & OUTPUT CURRENT CONTROL

VM
+
Vcs Rcs
VM
-

Current Sense AMP Io

Torque AMP

- Gain
Ecr + + Driver M
- Controller
ECR-EC
TSD

Ec

1) By amplifying the voltage difference between Ec and Ecr from Servo IC, the Torque Sense AMP produces the
input (VAMP) for the Current Sense AMP.
2) The output current (IO) is converted into the voltage (VCS) through the sense resistor (RCS) and compared with
the VAMP. By the negative feedback loop, the sensed output voltage, VCS is equal to the input VAMP. Therefore,
the output current (IO) is linearly controlled by the input VAMP.
3) As a result, the signals, EC and ECR can control the velocity of the Motor by controlling the output current (IO)
of the Driver.
4)The range of the torque voltage is as shown below.

VRNF
[V]
Reverse Forward Rotation

ECR > Ec Forward rotation

Ecoff- Ecoff+ Stop after detecting

ECR < Ec
reverse rotation

3 mV

-1.5 V 0 1.5 V ECR -EC

The input range of ECR, EC is 0.2 V ~ 4 V

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2.SHORT BRAKE

MOTOR
OFF
Vcc

2
18 50KΩ
ON 4
7
OFF ON
30KΩ

When the pick-up part moves from the inner to the outer spindle of the
Pin # 18 Short Brake CD, the Brake function of the reverse voltage is commonly employed to
decrease the rotating velocity of the Spindle Motor.
HIGH ON However, if the Spindle Motor rotates rapidly, the Brake function of the
LOW OFF reverse voltage may produce much heat at the Drive IC.
To remove this shortcoming and to enhance the braking efficiency, the
Short Brake function is added to KA3020D. When the Short Brake func-
tion is active, all upper Power TRs turn off and all lower Power TRs turn
on, so as to make the rotating velocity of the Motor slow down. But FG
and DIR functions continue to operate normally.

3. START/STOP (POWER SAVE)

MOTOR
Vcc OFF

2
Start 23
50KΩ 4
7
Stop OFF
30KΩ

When Start/Stop function active, all Power TRs turn off but FG and DIR
Pin # 23 Start/Stop functions continue to operate normally.
HIGH OPERATE
LOW STOP

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4. TSD (THERMAL SHUTDOWN)

When the chip temperature rises up to about 175°C, the Q2 turns

on so that the output driver will be shutdown. When the chip tem-
Gain
Controller perature falls off to about 150°C, then the Q2 turns off so that the
BIAS
driver is to operate normally. Thus, TSD has the temperature hys-
teresis of about 25°C.
Q2

5. ROTATIONAL DIRECTION DETECTION

Vcc

Rotation 20 DIR
H2+ + DIR

H2- - Forward Low

20
D Q
Reverse High

CK

H3+ +

H3- - D-F/F

1) The forward and the reverse rotations of the CD are simply detected by using the D-F/F and the truth table is
shown in the above table.
2) The rotational direction of the CD can be explained by the output waveforms of the Hall sensors. Let the three
outputs of Hall sensors be H1, H2 and H3 respectively.
When the spindle rotates in reverse direction, the Hall sensor output waveforms are shown in Fig.(a). Thus the
phases orderd in H1→H2→H3 with a 120° phase difference.

H1

H2

H3
(a) Reverse rotation

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On the other hand, if the spindle rotates in forwand rotation, the phase relationship is H3→H2→H1 as shown in
Fig.(b)

H1

H2

H3
(b) Forwand rotaion

Therefore, the output of the rotational direction detector is Low, when the spindle rotates forward, while HIGH as in
the case of the reverse rotation.

6.REVERSE ROTATION PREVENTION

EC + Current
Sense
ECR - Amp

H2+ + Low Active

H2- - A
D Q

CK
H3+ +
Gain Driver M
H3- - D-F/F Controller

1) When the output of the OR Gate, A is LOW, it steers all the output current of the current sense Amp makes the
current delivered to the Gain Controller zero. Thus the output current of the Driver becomes zero and the motor
is stopped.
2) As in the state of the forward rotation, the D-F/F output, Q is HIGH and the motor rotates normally. At this state,
if the control input is changed such that EC>ECR, then the motor rotates slowly more and more by the reverse
commutation in the Driver. At the moment that the motor rotates in reverse direction, the D-F/F output becomes
Low and the OR Gate output, thus, becomes LOW. This prevents the motor from rotating in reverse direction.
The operation principle is shown in the table and the flow chart.

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KA3020D CD PRODUCTS

D-F/F Reverse Rotation Preventer

Rotation H2 H3
(Q) EC>ECR EC>ECR

Forward H H→L H Forward -

Reverse L H→L L - Brake and Stop

Forward rotation at EC < ECR

Rotating speed is decreased due to reverse torque at EC >ECR. (Motor still rotates forward)

At the moment that the motor rotates in reverse, the reverse rotation preventer makes the output power transistor open.

Rotating reverse at short time due to motor inertia

Stop within 1/6 turn reverse rotating

7. FG OUTPUT

H1-

H1+
24 FG1X
H2-

H2+
19 FG3X

H3-

H3+

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8. HALL SENSOR CONNECTION

Vcc Vcc

HALL 1

HALL 1 HALL 2 HALL 3

HALL 2

HALL 3

15 VH 15 VH

9. CONNECT A BY-PASS CAPACITOR, 0.1uF BETWEEN THE SUPPLY VOLTAGE SOURCE.

Vcc 25

0.1uF

10. THE HEAT RADIATION FIN IS CONNECTED TO THE INTERNAL GND OF THE PACKAGE.

CONNECT THAT FIN TO THE EXTERNAL GND.

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11.INPUT-OUTPUT TIMING CHART

H1 +

H2 +

H3 +

A1 output current
(H1 -)+(H2 +)

A1 output voltage

A2 output current
(H2 -)+(H3 +)

A2 output voltage

A3 output current
(H3 -)+(H1 +)

A3 output voltage

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TEST CIRCUITS

10uA 20mA

14 V VM5 13 V VM3

5V

12V
VR1
IM3 A IM2 A VR3 VR5
VR2
10uA 10uA

15 IM1 A IM2 A 15
Rcs
VM V 0.5Ω
VM6 V VM4
VM6
0.1uF

28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15

CS1 VM NC VCC FG1X SS EC ECR DIR FG3X SB PS1 NC VH

KA3020D

A3 A2 A1 GND H1+ H1- H2+ H2- H3+ H3-

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

IM4 IM5 IM6 IM7 IM8 IM9

SW1 SW2 SW3 A A A A A A
VM8 V c a c a
V
c a
V
VR8 VR9 VR10 VR11 VR12 VR13

b b b

RL=5Ω RL=5Ω RL=5Ω

SW13

a b

V VM1
V VM2

12V

300mA 300mA

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KA3020D CD PRODUCTS

TYPICAL APPLICATION

0.5Ω
1 NC CS1 28

2 A3 VM 27

VM (12V)
3 NC NC 26

4 A2 VCC 25

Vcc (5V)
5 NC FG1X 24
ST
6 NC SS 23
SP
7 A1 EC 22

1.675V
OR
KA3020D 2.1

8 GND ECR 21

9 H1+ DIR 20
Servo
HALL 1 Signal
10 H1- FG3X 19

11 H2+ SB 18
HALL 2
R2
12 H2- CNF 17

0.1uF
13 H3+ NC 16
HALL 3
14 H3- VH 15
R1

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PACKAGE DIMENSION

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November 1998