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Solution: Threshold Wavelength 500nm 5800A: Worked Examples

This document contains worked examples of physics problems involving photons, electrons, and electromagnetic radiation: 1) It calculates the work function of a metal given the threshold wavelength for electron ejection, and finds the stopping potential for a given wavelength. 2) It finds the wavelength of a photon after it strikes and scatters an electron at rest at an angle of 150 degrees. 3) Given the stopping potential and incident radiation wavelength, it calculates the work function of a photoelectric surface. 4) It shows that when a photon wavelength equals the Compton wavelength of a particle, the photon energy equals the particle's rest mass energy.

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175 views3 pages

Solution: Threshold Wavelength 500nm 5800A: Worked Examples

This document contains worked examples of physics problems involving photons, electrons, and electromagnetic radiation: 1) It calculates the work function of a metal given the threshold wavelength for electron ejection, and finds the stopping potential for a given wavelength. 2) It finds the wavelength of a photon after it strikes and scatters an electron at rest at an angle of 150 degrees. 3) Given the stopping potential and incident radiation wavelength, it calculates the work function of a photoelectric surface. 4) It shows that when a photon wavelength equals the Compton wavelength of a particle, the photon energy equals the particle's rest mass energy.

Uploaded by

War
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Module 4.

Worked Examples

1. What is the work function of a metal, if the threshold wavelength for it is


580nm? If light of 475nm wavelength falls on the metal what is the stopping
potential?
Solution: Threshold wavelength=500nm=5800A0
12400
Corresponding photon energy= =2.14eV
5800
Work function=2.14eV. Photon energy of light of wavelength 475 nm or 4750
12400
A0 is equal to = =2.61eV.
4750
The kinetic energy of photo electron=2.61-2.41=0.47eV
The stopping potential of 0.47eV is =0.47V

2. A photon of wavelength 4 A0 striker an electron at rest and scatterel at an angle


of 1500 to the original direction. Find the wavelength of the photon after
collision.
h 0
Solution:   '    (1  cos  )  0.024(1  cos150) A
m0 c
 3
cos150   cos 30   0.866 or 0.024  0.866  0.021
2
0
'    0.024  0.021  0.045 . Since   40 , '  4.042 A

3. When radiation wavelength 1500 A0 is incident on a photo cell, electrons are


emitted. If the stopping potential is 4.4 V, Calculate the work function.
12400
Solution: The energy of photon 1500 A0=  8.26 eV
1500
The kinetic energy electron liberator is =4.4 eV
The work function= 8.26  4.4eV  3.86eV

4. If a photon has wavelength equal to Compton wavelength of the particle show


that photon energy is equal to the rest energy of the particle.
h c
Solution:   but  
m0 c 
h c
 or h  m0 c 2 Where left hand side is photon energy & right hand
m0 c 
side is the rest energy of the particle.

5) Will photoelectrons be ejected by a metal surface, of work function 4.0 eV,


when illuminated by visible light?

Solution: Relation between energy of photon E in eV and wavelength λ in Ao


12400
is given by E(eV) =
 ( A0 )
12400
Now λthreshold = = 3100 Ao . Since visible light has wavelength from
4
4000 Ao to 7500 Ao, which is larger than λthreshold no photoelectron will be ejected.
-19
6) A beam of photon of energy 5.8×10 J are incident on the cathode of a
photocell. The current through the cell is just reduced to zero when the
potential of cathode is 1.5 v positive with respect to anode. Calculate the
work function of the cathode surface.

Solution: The stopping potential is 1.5 v means the energy of photoelectron


is 1.5 eV or 1.5×1.6×10-19 J = 2.4×10-19 J
Photon energy – electron energy = work function
∴ Work function = (5.8 – 2.4) ×10-19 J = 3.4×10-19 J

7) A monochromatic x-ray beam whose wavelength is 0.5 Ao is scattered


through 60o. The wavelength of the scattered beam is

Solution: Δλ = λ’ – λ = λ’ – 0.5 Ao = 0.024 Ao (1 – cos ϕ) =


0.024
 0.012
2
1
(sin ϕ = 60 & cos ϕ = )
2
∴ λ’ = 0.5 + 0.012 = 0.512 Ao

8) A monochromatic beam of x-ray of wavelength equal to 0.5 Ao are scattered


from carbon black through 60o. What is the kinetic energy imparted to the
recoil electron?
Solution: λ’ = λ + 0.024 (1 – cos ϕ) = 0.5 + 0.024 (1 – cos 60)
0.024
= 0.5 + = 0.512 Ao
2
12400
Energy of photon of wavelength λ = eV
0.5
12400
Energy of scattered photon λ’ = eV
0.512
12400 12400  1 1 
∴ Energy of recoil electron = – = 12400  
0.5 0.5  0.5 0.512 
0.012
= 12400  582 eV
0.256

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