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7.3 Extended Ping and Trace Route PDF

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60 views8 pages

7.3 Extended Ping and Trace Route PDF

Uploaded by

Jay Sarkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Extended Ping and

Trace Route
Extended PING
• Router can use extended ping command.
• Extended ping command is helpful to the test the
reverse route back to the originating host of the
ping command.
• By extended ping we can test the subnet behind
the router by the router while originating ping. By
default ping chooses the outgoing interface of the
router as source and back to that point when the
destination sends the echo-reply.
Trace Route
Similarity between PING and TRACEROUTE,
• Both are used to test connectivity.
• Both relies on other device to send back a reply.
• Both can be used in different operating systems.
• Both can use IP address or host name to identify
the destination.
• Both have standard and extended versions on
router.
Basically traceroute command helps to find
the point how far a packet goes through an IP
network before being discarded.
It also helps to find intermediates hops
towards destination.

c:/> tracert 11.0.0.11


How traceroute works ?

IPv4 header holds a field of 8 bits called TTL or


Time-To-Live. The originator of IP packets sets a
TTL value initially. Then each router that forward
that IP packet, decrement the TTL value by 1.
when the TTL value becomes 0, the router
discards the packet to avoid loop and notifies the
host that originates the packet by sending a ICMP
TTL Exceeded message. As a result the sending
host knows where the packet has been discarded,
also knows the router’s IP address which discard
the packet.
Traceroute use this process, sending several
messages of TTL values of 1, the next router
discard the message and send an ICMP TTL
Exceeded message. Then at the 2nd lot, TTL
value is set to 2 by the originating host. This
process continues till the destination is not
reached.
• OS of host creates ICMP echo-request while
traceroute works, Cisco IOS creates IP packets
with an UDP header.

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