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Lateral Earth Pressure PDF

This document presents a summary of lateral earth pressure theories including Rankine and Coulomb theories. It discusses factors that influence lateral earth pressure such as soil shear strength, lateral pressure at rest, active and passive pressures, effects of wall friction, and surcharge loads. Example problems are provided to calculate active and passive earth pressures using the theories.

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Radifan Halif
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266 views80 pages

Lateral Earth Pressure PDF

This document presents a summary of lateral earth pressure theories including Rankine and Coulomb theories. It discusses factors that influence lateral earth pressure such as soil shear strength, lateral pressure at rest, active and passive pressures, effects of wall friction, and surcharge loads. Example problems are provided to calculate active and passive earth pressures using the theories.

Uploaded by

Radifan Halif
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE

BY
T Ilyas and Geotechnical’s team

Departemen Teknik Sipil


Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Indonesia
Soil mechanics and foundation 3rd ed, Muni Bhudu, 2011
Soil mechanics 7th ed_Craig, 2004
Principal of geotechnical engineering 7th ed ,Braja M Das
Soil strength and slope stability_Duncan
1. What is meant by the stability of earth-retaining structures?
2. What are the factors that lead to instability?
3. What are the main assumptions in the theory of lateral earth pressures?
4. When shall I use either Rankine’s theory or Coulomb’s theory?
5. Does Coulomb’s theory give an upper bound or a lower bound solution?
6. What is the effect of wall friction on the shape of slip planes?
7. What are the differences among a gravity wall, a cantilever wall, a
cantilever sheet pile wall, and an anchored sheet pile wall?
PRESENTATION
• REVIEW OF SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH
• LATERAL PRESSURE AT REST
• CHANGE OF LATERAL PRESSURE OF SOIL
• THEORY OF RANKINE
– LATERAL PRESSURE ACTIVE & PASIVE
• THEORY OF COULOMB
– WALL FRICTION
– LATERAL PRESSURE ACTIVE & PASIVE
• LOAD & COMPACTION EFFECT
PRESENTATION
• REVIEW OF SOIL SHEAR
STRENGTH
• LATERAL PRESSURE AT REST
• CHANGE OF LATERAL PRESSURE OF
SOIL : Active and Passsive
• THEORY OF RANKINE
– TEK. LATERAL TANAH AKTIF & PASIF
• THEORY OF COULOMB
– WALL FRICTION
– LATERAL PRESSURE AKTIVE &
PASIVE
• LOAD & COMPACTION EFFECT
Shear strength of soils defined as friction between solid
particle in cemented soil
SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL (2)

Fulfilling the Mohr – Coulomb criteria

where
ᵠ = soil angle friction
c = soil cohesion
SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL (3)
SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL (4)
SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL (5)
PRESENTATION
• REVIEW OF SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH
• LATERAL PRESSURE AT REST
• CHANGE OF LATERAL PRESSURE OF SOIL
: Active and Passsive
• THEORY OF RANKINE
– TEK. LATERAL TANAH AKTIF & PASIF
• THEORY OF COULOMB
– WALL FRICTION
– LATERAL PRESSURE AKTIVE & PASIVE
• LOAD & COMPACTION EFFECT
The wall may restraint from moving at rest lateral pressure
The wall may tilt away from the soil that is restrained….with
sufficient wall tilt a triangular soil wedge behind the wall will
fail  active earth pressure
The wall may be pushed into the soil that is retained ….with
sufficient wall movement the wall will fail  passive earth
pressure
Where
Ko value
Active Passive
move forward move backward
For a cohesive soil defined by effective stress strength parameters φ′
and c′, the active and passive earth pressure coefficients are

For a c'-φ' soil with a groundwater table, the effective lateral earth
pressure acting on the wall
at any depth, z, below the surface is,
LATERAL PRESSURE
PRESENTATION

• REVIEW OF SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH


• LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE AT REST
• CHANGE OF EARTH LATERAL PRESSURE : Active and Passsive
• THEORY OF RANKINE
• LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE ACTIVE &
PASSIVE
• THEORY OF COULOMB
– WALL FRICTION
– LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE AKTIVE & PASIVE
• LOAD & COMPACTION EFFECT
LOWER BOUND SOLUTION
(If a state of stress can be found, which at no point exceeds the failure
criterion for the soil and is in equilibrium with a system of external loads, then
collapse cannot occur)
◦ ASSUMPTION ;
WALL is vertical
SMOOTH WALL SURFACE ( NO FRCITION BETWEEN WALL AND SOIL)
SOIL SURFACE BEHIND WALL IS FLAT
ACTIVE LATERAL PRESSURE (1)
ACTIVE LATERAL PRESSURE (2)
ACTIVE LATERAL PRESSURE (3)
ACTIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (1A)

where
ACTIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (1A)
ACTIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (2A)

FROM PREVIOUS

FOR C=0
ACTIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (2B)
ACTIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (2B)

FOR

AND

IF
PASSIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (1A)
PASSIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (1B)
PASSIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (1C)
RANKINE Passive pressure
PASSIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (1a)

Passive lateral pressure

where
PASSIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (1b)
PASSIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (2a)

From previous lesson :

For passive lateral earth with c = 0


PASSIVE LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE (2b)
VALUE OF KA AND KP
PRESENTATION
• REVIEW OF SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH
• LATERAL PRESSURE AT REST
• CHANGE OF LATERAL PRESSURE OF SOIL : Active and
Passsive
• THEORY OF RANKINE
• LATERAL SOIL PRESSURE AKTIVE & PASIVE
• THEORY OF COULOMB
– WALL FRICTION
– LATERAL PRESSURE AKTIVE & PASIVE
• LOAD & COMPACTION EFFECT
UPPERBOUND SOLUTION
◦ ASSUMPTION
WALL MAY NOT VERTICALL
FRICTION BETWEEN WALL AND SOIL
SOIL SURFACE BEHIND THE WALL MAY ANY SHAPE
ACTIVE 2
ACTIVE 2
ACTIVE 2
ACTIVE (4)
ACTIVE (5)
PASSIVE (2)
PASSIVE (2)
PASSIVE (3)
PASSIVE (4)
PASSIVE (5)
PRESENTATION
• REVIEW OF SOIL SHEAR STRENGTH
• LATERAL PRESSURE AT REST
• CHANGE OF LATERAL PRESSURE OF SOIL
• THEORY OF RANKINE
– TEK. LATERAL TANAH AKTIF & PASIF
• THEORY OF COULOMB
– WALL FRICTION
– LATERAL PRESSURE AKTIVE & PASIVE
• LOAD & COMPACTION induced pressure
LOAD (1)
PRESSURE DUE TO UNIFORM LOAD
LOAD (2)
LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO POINT LOAD
LOAD (2a)
LOAD (3)
LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO SURCHARGE LOAD
LOAD (4)
COMPACTION induced pressure
Example 6.1
(a) Calculate the total active thrust on a vertical wall 5m high retaining a
sand of unit weight 17 kN/m3 for which φ = 350; the surface of the sand
is horizontal and the water table is below the bottom of the wall. (b)
Determine the thrust on the wall if the water table rises to a level 2m
below the surface of the sand. The saturated unit weight of the sand is 20
kN/m3.

(b)The components of the thrust are:

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