Table A1.

Summary of World Output 1/

(Annual percent change)
Average Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
World 4.1 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.9 3.6 2.9 –3.0 5.8
Advanced Economies 1.7 1.2 1.4 2.1 2.3 1.7 2.5 2.2 1.7 –6.1 4.5
United States 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.5 2.9 1.6 2.4 2.9 2.3 –5.9 4.7
Euro Area 1.1 –0.9 –0.2 1.4 2.1 1.9 2.5 1.9 1.2 –7.5 4.7
Japan 0.6 1.5 2.0 0.4 1.2 0.5 2.2 0.3 0.7 –5.2 3.0
Other Advanced Economie s 2/ 2.9 2.0 2.4 2.9 2.1 2.2 2.8 2.3 1.6 –5.2 4.4
Emerging Market and Developing Economies 6.5 5.3 5.1 4.7 4.3 4.6 4.8 4.5 3.7 –1.0 6.6
Regional Groups
Emerging and Developing Asia 8.6 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.3 5.5 1.0 8.5
Emerging and Developing Europe 4.8 3.0 3.1 1.9 0.9 1.8 4.0 3.2 2.1 –5.2 4.2
Latin America and the Caribbean 3.6 2.9 2.9 1.3 0.3 –0.6 1.3 1.1 0.1 –5.2 3.4
Middle East and Central Asia 5.6 4.9 3.0 3.1 2.6 5.0 2.3 1.8 1.2 –2.8 4.0
Sub-Saharan Africa 5.9 4.7 5.2 5.1 3.2 1.4 3.0 3.3 3.1 –1.6 4.1
Analytical Groups
By Source of Export Earnings
Fuel 5.7 5.0 2.6 2.2 0.4 2.2 0.9 0.8 0.0 –4.4 3.9
Nonfuel 6.7 5.4 5.7 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.7 5.3 4.4 –0.4 7.1
Of Which, Primary Products 4.6 2.5 4.1 2.2 3.0 1.8 2.8 1.9 1.1 –3.5 4.6
By External Financing Source
Net Debtor Economies 5.3 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.8 4.5 3.5 –1.4 5.7
Net Debtor Economies by
Debt-Servicing Experience
Economies with Arrears and/or
Rescheduling during 2014–18 4.5 1.5 3.0 1.8 0.6 2.8 3.1 3.9 3.8 –1.3 3.0
Other Groups
European Union 3/ 1.5 –0.7 0.0 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.9 2.3 1.7 –7.1 4.8
Low-Income Developing Countries 6.4 4.7 6.0 6.1 4.6 3.8 4.8 5.1 5.1 0.4 5.6
Middle East and North Africa 5.3 4.8 2.5 2.7 2.4 5.5 1.7 1.0 0.3 –3.3 4.2
Memorandum
Median Growth Rate
Advanced Economies 2.1 1.0 1.3 2.5 2.3 2.2 3.0 2.7 1.9 –6.7 5.0
Emerging Market and Developing Economies 4.7 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.5 3.0 –2.7 4.3
Low-Income Developing Countries 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.0 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.0 4.7 0.4 4.3
Output per Capita 4/
Advanced Economies 1.1 0.7 0.9 1.6 1.8 1.2 2.1 1.8 1.3 –6.5 4.1
Emerging Market and Developing Economies 4.8 3.6 3.6 3.2 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.2 2.3 –2.4 5.3
Low-Income Developing Countries 3.8 1.8 3.6 3.8 2.1 1.4 2.5 2.8 2.8 –1.8 3.3
World Growth Rate Based on Market
Exchange Rates 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.6 3.3 3.1 2.4 –4.2 5.4
Value of World Output (billions of US dollars)
At Market Exchange Rates 53,885 74,769 76,958 79,035 74,785 75,958 80,633 85,611 87,156 83,003 89,707
At Purchasing Power Parities 75,089 100,155 105,368 111,066 115,999 121,090 128,047 135,762 142,006 138,352 149,128
1/ Real GDP.
2/ Excludes the United States, euro area countries, and Japan.
3/ Beginning with the April 2020 WEO, the United Kingdom is excluded from the European Union group.
4/ Output per capita is in international currency at purchasing power parity.
Table A2. Advanced Economies: Real GDP 1/
(Annual percent change)
Fourth Quarter 2/
Average Projections Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2019:Q4 2020:Q4 2021:Q4
Real GDP
Advanced Economies 1.7 1.2 1.4 2.1 2.3 1.7 2.5 2.2 1.7 –6.1 4.5 1.5 –5.2 4.4
United States 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.5 2.9 1.6 2.4 2.9 2.3 –5.9 4.7 2.3 –5.4 4.9
Euro Area 1.1 –0.9 –0.2 1.4 2.1 1.9 2.5 1.9 1.2 –7.5 4.7 1.0 –5.9 3.6
Germany 1.1 0.4 0.4 2.2 1.7 2.2 2.5 1.5 0.6 –7.0 5.2 0.5 –5.2 3.6
France 1.3 0.3 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.1 2.3 1.7 1.3 –7.2 4.5 0.9 –5.0 2.7
Italy 0.2 –3.0 –1.8 –0.0 0.8 1.3 1.7 0.8 0.3 –9.1 4.8 0.1 –7.2 3.9
Spain 1.6 –3.0 –1.4 1.4 3.8 3.0 2.9 2.4 2.0 –8.0 4.3 1.8 –7.0 3.7
Netherlands 1.3 –1.0 –0.1 1.4 2.0 2.2 2.9 2.6 1.8 –7.5 3.0 1.6 –6.6 2.1
Belgium 1.8 0.7 0.5 1.6 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.4 –6.9 4.6 1.2 –5.2 2.9
Austria 1.7 0.7 0.0 0.7 1.0 2.1 2.5 2.4 1.6 –7.0 4.5 0.9 –6.6 6.1
Ireland 2.3 0.2 1.4 8.5 25.1 3.7 8.2 8.3 5.5 –6.8 6.3 6.3 –5.5 4.0
Portugal 0.4 –4.1 –0.9 0.8 1.8 2.0 3.5 2.6 2.2 –8.0 5.0 2.2 –10.2 8.1
Greece 0.4 –7.3 –3.2 0.7 –0.4 –0.2 1.5 1.9 1.9 –10.0 5.1 1.0 –11.4 11.6
Finland 1.8 –1.4 –0.9 –0.4 0.5 2.7 3.1 1.6 1.0 –6.0 3.1 0.6 –3.6 1.0
Slovak Republic 4.9 1.9 0.7 2.8 4.8 2.1 3.0 4.0 2.3 –6.2 5.0 1.9 –5.1 4.6
Lithuania 4.3 3.8 3.6 3.5 2.0 2.6 4.2 3.6 3.9 –8.1 8.2 3.5 –4.2 3.8
Slovenia 2.5 –2.6 –1.0 2.8 2.2 3.1 4.8 4.1 2.4 –8.0 5.4 0.6 0.2 –0.1 L
Luxembourg 2.7 –0.4 3.7 4.3 4.3 4.6 1.8 3.1 2.3 –4.9 4.8 3.1 –3.4 3.3 Lu
Latvia 3.7 4.1 2.3 1.9 3.3 1.8 3.8 4.3 2.2 –8.6 8.3 1.0 –9.9 16.7 ux
Estonia 3.6 3.1 1.3 3.0 1.8 2.6 5.7 4.8 4.3 –7.5 7.9 4.0 –14.1 23.2 xe
Cyprus 3.0 –3.4 –6.6 –1.9 3.4 6.7 4.4 4.1 3.2 –6.5 5.6 3.2 –1.2 0.4 em
Malta 2.1 2.8 4.8 8.8 10.9 5.8 6.5 7.3 4.4 –2.8 7.0 4.3 –3.8 9.0
m
b
Japan 0.6 1.5 2.0 0.4 1.2 0.5 2.2 0.3 0.7 –5.2 3.0 –0.7 –3.2 3.4
bo
United Kingdom 1.5 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.4 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.4 –6.5 4.0 1.1 –5.3 3.8
Korea 4.6 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.8 2.9 3.2 2.7 2.0 –1.2 3.4 2.3 –1.3 3.2 ou
Canada 2.0 1.8 2.3 2.9 0.7 1.0 3.2 2.0 1.6 –6.2 4.2 1.5 –5.4 4.0 ur
Australia 3.1 3.8 2.1 2.6 2.3 2.8 2.5 2.7 1.8 –6.7 6.1 2.2 –7.2 8.4 rg
Taiwan Province of China 4.7 2.2 2.5 4.7 1.5 2.2 3.3 2.7 2.7 –4.0 3.5 3.5 –6.6 7.7 g
Singapore 6.6 4.5 4.8 3.9 3.0 3.2 4.3 3.4 0.7 –3.5 3.0 1.1 –3.1 2.8
Switzerland 1.9 1.0 1.9 2.5 1.3 1.7 1.9 2.7 0.9 –6.0 3.8 1.5 –7.4 8.0
Sweden 2.4 –0.6 1.1 2.7 4.4 2.4 2.4 2.2 1.2 –6.8 5.2 0.8 –4.8 4.1
Hong Kong SAR 4.5 1.7 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.2 3.8 2.9 –1.2 –4.8 3.9 –2.8 0.6 0.3
Czech Republic 3.1 –0.8 –0.5 2.7 5.3 2.5 4.4 2.8 2.6 –6.5 7.5 2.0 –6.0 10.0
Norway 1.5 2.7 1.0 2.0 2.0 1.1 2.3 1.3 1.2 –6.3 2.9 1.8 –8.5 5.9
NIsrael 3.6 2.4 4.3 3.8 2.3 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.5 –6.3 5.0 3.7 –6.7 6.6
GDenmark 0.8 0.2 0.9 1.6 2.3 3.2 2.0 2.4 2.4 –6.5 6.0 2.3 –4.1 4.0
DNew Zealand 2.7 2.5 2.2 3.2 4.1 4.2 3.8 3.2 2.2 –7.2 5.9 1.6 –7.0 7.0
PPuerto Rico –0.0 0.0 –0.3 –1.2 –1.0 –1.3 –2.7 –4.9 2.0 –6.0 1.5 . .. . .. . ..
_ Macao SAR 13.2 9.2 11.2 –1.2 –21.6 –0.7 9.9 5.4 –4.7 –29.6 32.0 . .. . .. . ..
RIceland 2.4 1.3 4.1 2.1 4.7 6.6 4.5 3.8 1.9 –7.2 6.0 4.1 –4.9 –1.6
PSan Marino –0.0 –7.2 –0.8 –0.7 2.7 2.3 0.4 1.7 1.1 –12.2 5.4 . .. . .. . ..
CMemorandum
HMajor Advanced Economie s 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.9 2.1 1.5 2.3 2.0 1.6 –6.2 4.5 1.4 –5.2 4.2
1/ 2In this and other tables, when countries are not listed alphabetically, they are ordered on the basis of economic size.
2/ /From the fourth quarter of the preceding year.

F
r
o
m

t
h
e

f
o
u
r
t
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Table A3. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Real GDP
(Annual percent change)
Average Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Emerging and Developing Asia 8.6 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.3 5.5 1.0 8.5
Bangladesh 6.0 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.0 7.9 2.0 9.5
Bhutan 8.8 6.5 3.6 4.0 6.2 7.4 6.3 3.7 5.3 2.7 2.9
Brunei Darussala m 1.5 0.9 –2.1 –2.5 –0.4 –2.5 1.3 0.1 3.9 1.3 3.5
Cambodia 7.9 7.3 7.4 7.1 7.0 6.9 7.0 7.5 7.0 –1.6 6.1
China 10.7 7.9 7.8 7.3 6.9 6.8 6.9 6.7 6.1 1.2 9.2
Fiji 1.4 1.4 4.7 5.6 4.7 2.5 5.4 3.5 0.5 –5.8 7.0
India 1/ 7.7 5.5 6.4 7.4 8.0 8.3 7.0 6.1 4.2 1.9 7.4
Indonesia 5.7 6.0 5.6 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.0 0.5 8.2
Kiribati 1.0 4.7 4.2 –0.7 10.4 5.1 0.9 2.3 2.3 0.0 2.2
Lao P.D.R. 7.5 7.8 8.0 7.6 7.3 7.0 6.8 6.3 4.7 0.7 5.6
Malaysia 5.1 5.5 4.7 6.0 5.0 4.4 5.7 4.7 4.3 –1.7 9.0
Maldives 7.0 2.5 7.3 7.3 2.9 6.3 6.8 6.9 5.7 –8.1 13.2
Marshall Islands 1.0 –2.4 3.7 –0.9 1.6 1.3 4.1 3.6 2.4 –0.2 3.2
Micronesia 0.3 –1.9 –3.7 –2.3 4.6 0.9 2.7 0.2 1.2 –0.4 1.4
Mongolia 7.5 12.3 11.6 7.9 2.4 1.2 5.3 7.2 5.1 –1.0 8.0
Myanmar 10.0 6.5 7.9 8.2 7.5 6.4 5.8 6.4 6.5 1.8 7.5
Nauru . .. 10.4 31.0 27.2 3.4 3.0 –5.5 5.7 1.0 –1.7 1.3
Nepal 3.8 4.8 4.1 6.0 3.3 0.6 8.2 6.7 7.1 2.5 5.0
Palau 0.2 2.1 –1.3 5.5 8.2 0.0 –3.4 5.2 0.5 –11.9 14.4
Papua New Guinea 3.8 4.7 3.8 13.5 9.5 4.1 3.5 –0.8 5.0 –1.0 2.9
Philippines 4.8 6.7 7.1 6.1 6.1 6.9 6.7 6.2 5.9 0.6 7.6
Samoa 3.3 –4.1 –0.4 0.1 4.3 8.1 1.0 –2.2 3.5 –3.7 0.5
Solomon Islands 5.6 4.6 3.0 2.3 2.5 3.2 3.7 3.9 1.2 –2.1 3.8
Sri Lanka 6.2 9.1 3.4 5.0 5.0 4.5 3.6 3.3 2.3 –0.5 4.2
Thailand 4.3 7.2 2.7 1.0 3.1 3.4 4.1 4.2 2.4 –6.7 6.1
Timor-Leste 2/ 3.5 6.0 2.1 4.5 3.1 3.6 –3.8 –0.8 3.1 –3.0 3.8
Tonga 1.2 –1.1 –0.6 2.5 4.0 5.1 2.7 0.4 –0.1 –1.2 1.2
Tuvalu 1.4 –3.9 4.9 1.2 9.2 5.9 4.6 3.7 6.0 –1.0 3.5
Vanuatu 3.4 1.8 2.0 2.3 0.2 3.5 4.4 2.8 2.9 –3.3 4.9
Vietnam 6.8 5.5 5.6 6.4 7.0 6.7 6.9 7.1 7.0 2.7 7.0
Emerging and Developing Europe 4.8 3.0 3.1 1.9 0.9 1.8 4.0 3.2 2.1 –5.2 4.2
Albania 5.0 1.4 1.0 1.8 2.2 3.3 3.8 4.1 2.2 –5.0 8.0
Belarus 1/ 7.5 1.7 1.0 1.7 –3.8 –2.5 2.5 3.1 1.2 –6.0 3.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.7 –0.7 2.4 1.1 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.6 2.7 –5.0 3.5
Bulgaria 4.3 0.4 0.3 1.9 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.1 3.4 –4.0 6.0
Croatia 2.1 –2.2 –0.5 –0.1 2.4 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.9 –9.0 4.9
Hungary 1.8 –1.5 2.0 4.2 3.8 2.2 4.3 5.1 4.9 –3.1 4.2
Kosovo 4.0 2.8 3.4 1.2 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.8 4.0 –5.0 7.5
Moldova 5.1 –0.6 9.0 5.0 –0.3 4.4 4.7 4.0 3.6 –3.0 4.1
Montenegro 3.5 –2.7 3.5 1.8 3.4 2.9 4.7 5.1 3.6 –9.0 6.5
North Macedonia 3.5 –0.5 2.9 3.6 3.9 2.8 1.1 2.7 3.6 –4.0 7.0
Poland 4.2 1.6 1.4 3.3 3.8 3.1 4.9 5.1 4.1 –4.6 4.2
Romania 3.9 2.1 3.5 3.4 3.9 4.8 7.1 4.4 4.1 –5.0 3.9
Russia 4.8 3.7 1.8 0.7 –2.0 0.3 1.8 2.5 1.3 –5.5 3.5
Serbia 4.7 –0.7 2.9 –1.6 1.8 3.3 2.0 4.4 4.2 –3.0 7.5
Turkey 5.8 4.8 8.5 5.2 6.1 3.2 7.5 2.8 0.9 –5.0 5.0
Ukraine 1/ 4.0 0.2 –0.0 –6.6 –9.8 2.4 2.5 3.3 3.2 –7.7 3.6
Latin America and the Caribbean 3.6 2.9 2.9 1.3 0.3 –0.6 1.3 1.1 0.1 –5.2 3.4
Antigua and Barbuda 1.7 3.4 –0.6 3.8 3.8 5.5 3.1 7.4 5.3 –10.0 8.0
Argentina 4.5 –1.0 2.4 –2.5 2.7 –2.1 2.7 –2.5 –2.2 –5.7 4.4
Aruba –0.1 –1.4 4.2 0.9 –0.4 0.5 2.3 1.2 0.4 –13.7 12.1
The Bahamas 0.5 3.1 –3.0 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.1 1.6 1.8 –8.3 6.7
Barbados 0.8 –0.4 –1.4 –0.1 2.4 2.5 0.5 –0.6 –0.1 –7.6 7.1
Belize 3.4 2.4 1.3 3.6 2.8 0.1 1.9 2.1 0.3 –12.0 7.6
Bolivia 4.2 5.1 6.8 5.5 4.9 4.3 4.2 4.2 2.8 –2.9 2.9
Brazil 3.9 1.9 3.0 0.5 –3.6 –3.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 –5.3 2.9
Chile 4.5 5.3 4.0 1.8 2.3 1.7 1.2 3.9 1.1 –4.5 5.3
Colombia 4.6 3.9 5.1 4.5 3.0 2.1 1.4 2.5 3.3 –2.4 3.7
Table A3. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Real GDP (continued)
(Annual percent change)
Average Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Latin America and the Caribbean (continued) 3.6 2.9 2.9 1.3 0.3 –0.6 1.3 1.1 0.1 –5.2 3.4
Costa Rica 4.4 4.8 2.3 3.5 3.6 4.2 3.9 2.7 2.1 –3.3 3.0
Dominica 2.4 –1.1 –0.6 4.4 –2.6 2.5 –9.5 0.5 9.2 –4.7 3.4
Dominican Republic 4.6 2.9 3.6 7.2 6.5 7.0 4.7 7.0 5.1 –1.0 4.0
Ecuador 4.5 5.6 4.9 3.8 0.1 –1.2 2.4 1.3 0.1 –6.3 3.9
El Salvador 1.9 2.8 2.2 1.7 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.4 –5.4 4.5
Grenada 2.1 –1.2 2.4 7.3 6.4 3.7 4.4 4.1 3.1 –8.0 6.1
Guatemala 3.6 3.1 3.5 4.4 4.1 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.6 –2.0 5.5
Guyana 2.7 5.0 5.0 3.9 3.1 3.4 2.1 4.1 4.7 52.8 6.3
Haiti 0.7 2.9 4.2 2.8 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.5 –1.2 –4.0 1.2
Honduras 4.2 4.1 2.8 3.1 3.8 3.9 4.8 3.7 2.7 –2.4 4.1
Jamaica 0.6 –0.5 0.2 0.6 0.9 1.5 0.7 1.9 1.0 –5.6 3.5
Mexico 1.9 3.6 1.4 2.8 3.3 2.9 2.1 2.1 –0.1 –6.6 3.0
Nicaragua 3.2 6.5 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.6 –4.0 –3.9 –6.0 0.0
Panama 6.9 9.8 6.9 5.1 5.7 5.0 5.6 3.7 3.0 –2.0 4.0
Paraguay 4.2 –0.5 8.4 4.9 3.1 4.3 5.0 3.7 0.2 –1.0 4.0
Peru 6.2 6.0 5.8 2.4 3.3 4.1 2.5 4.0 2.2 –4.5 5.2
St. Kitts and Nevis 1.7 –2.2 5.4 6.3 1.0 2.8 –2.0 2.9 2.9 –8.1 8.5
St. Lucia 2.7 –0.1 –2.0 1.3 0.1 3.4 3.5 2.6 1.7 –8.5 6.9
St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2.7 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.0 2.2 0.4 –4.5 5.4
Suriname 5.1 2.7 2.9 0.3 –3.4 –5.6 1.8 2.6 2.3 –4.9 4.9
Trinidad and Tobago 5.3 –0.7 2.2 –0.9 1.8 –6.3 –2.3 –0.2 –0.0 –4.5 2.6
Uruguay 4.1 3.5 4.6 3.2 0.4 1.7 2.6 1.6 0.2 –3.0 5.0
Venezuela 3.2 5.6 1.3 –3.9 –6.2 –17.0 –15.7 –19.6 –35.0 –15.0 –5.0
Middle East and Central Asia 5.6 4.9 3.0 3.1 2.6 5.0 2.3 1.8 1.2 –2.8 4.0
Afghanistan . .. 14.0 5.7 2.7 1.0 2.2 2.9 2.7 3.0 –3.0 4.5
Algeria 3.8 3.4 2.8 3.8 3.7 3.2 1.3 1.4 0.7 –5.2 6.2
Armenia 7.6 7.1 3.4 3.6 3.3 0.2 7.5 5.2 7.6 –1.5 4.8
Azerbaijan 13.5 2.2 5.8 2.8 1.0 –3.1 0.2 1.5 2.3 –2.2 0.7
Bahrain 5.3 3.7 5.4 4.4 2.9 3.5 3.8 2.0 1.8 –3.6 3.0
Djibouti 4.1 4.8 5.0 7.1 7.7 6.7 5.4 8.4 7.5 1.0 8.5
Egypt 4.7 2.2 3.3 2.9 4.4 4.3 4.1 5.3 5.6 2.0 2.8
Georgia 6.5 6.4 3.6 4.4 3.0 2.9 4.8 4.8 5.1 –4.0 3.0
Iran 4.9 –7.7 –0.3 3.2 –1.6 12.5 3.7 –5.4 –7.6 –6.0 3.1
Iraq 13.7 13.9 7.6 0.7 2.5 15.2 –2.5 –0.6 3.9 –4.7 7.2
Jordan 5.8 2.1 2.4 3.4 2.6 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.0 –3.7 3.7
Kazakhstan 7.7 4.8 6.0 4.2 1.2 1.1 4.1 4.1 4.5 –2.5 4.1
Kuwait 5.5 6.6 1.2 0.5 0.6 2.9 –4.7 1.2 0.7 –1.1 3.4
Kyrgyz Republic 4.1 –0.1 10.9 4.0 3.9 4.3 4.7 3.5 4.5 –4.0 8.0
Lebanon 1/ 5.4 2.5 3.8 2.5 0.2 1.5 0.9 –1.9 –6.5 –12.0 . ..
Libya 1/ –8.6 124.7 –36.8 –53.0 –13.0 –7.4 64.0 17.9 9.9 –58.7 80.7
Mauritania 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.3 5.4 1.3 3.5 2.1 5.9 –2.0 4.2
Morocco 4.7 3.0 4.5 2.7 4.5 1.0 4.2 3.0 2.2 –3.7 4.8
Oman 2.8 9.1 5.1 1.4 4.7 4.9 0.3 1.8 0.5 –2.8 3.0
Pakistan 4.7 3.8 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.6 5.2 5.5 3.3 –1.5 2.0
Qatar 14.1 4.7 4.4 4.0 3.7 2.1 1.6 1.5 0.1 –4.3 5.0
Saudi Arabia 4.5 5.4 2.7 3.7 4.1 1.7 –0.7 2.4 0.3 –2.3 2.9
Somalia . .. 1.2 1.9 2.4 3.5 2.9 1.4 2.8 2.9 –2.5 2.9
Sudan 3/ 3.7 –17.0 2.0 4.7 1.9 3.5 0.7 –2.3 –2.5 –7.2 –3.0
Syria 4/ . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..
Tajikistan 7.7 7.5 7.4 6.7 6.0 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.5 1.0 5.5
Tunisia 3.6 4.1 2.8 2.9 1.2 1.2 1.9 2.7 1.0 –4.3 4.1
Turkmenistan 12.7 11.1 10.2 10.3 6.5 6.2 6.5 6.2 6.3 1.8 6.4
United Arab Emirates 4.4 4.5 5.1 4.3 5.1 3.1 0.5 1.7 1.3 –3.5 3.3
Uzbekistan 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.2 7.4 6.1 4.5 5.4 5.6 1.8 7.0
Yemen 2.5 2.4 4.8 –0.2 –28.0 –9.4 –5.1 0.8 2.1 –3.0 6.1
Table A3. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Real GDP (continued)
(Annual percent change)
Average Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Sub-Saharan Africa 5.9 4.7 5.2 5.1 3.2 1.4 3.0 3.3 3.1 –1.6 4.1
Angola 8.7 8.5 5.0 4.8 0.9 –2.6 –0.2 –1.2 –1.5 –1.4 2.6
Benin 3.6 4.8 7.2 6.4 1.8 3.3 5.7 6.7 6.4 4.5 6.0
Botswana 4.7 4.5 11.3 4.1 –1.7 4.3 2.9 4.5 3.0 –5.4 6.8
Burkina Faso 5.9 6.5 5.8 4.3 3.9 6.0 6.2 6.8 5.7 2.0 5.8
Burundi 4.0 4.4 5.9 4.5 –3.9 –0.6 0.5 1.6 1.8 –5.5 4.2
Cabo Verde 5.2 1.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 4.7 3.7 5.1 5.5 –4.0 5.5
Cameroon 3.9 4.5 5.4 5.9 5.7 4.6 3.5 4.1 3.7 –1.2 4.1
Central African Republic 2.5 5.1 –36.4 0.1 4.3 4.7 4.5 3.8 3.0 1.0 4.0
Chad 8.6 8.8 5.8 6.9 1.8 –5.6 –2.4 2.3 3.0 –0.2 6.1
Comoros 2.9 3.2 4.5 2.1 1.3 3.5 4.2 3.6 1.9 –1.2 3.1
Democratic Republic of the Congo 5.6 7.1 8.5 9.5 6.9 2.4 3.7 5.8 4.4 –2.2 3.5
Republic of Congo 4.6 3.8 3.3 6.8 2.6 –2.8 –1.8 1.6 –0.9 –2.3 3.4
Côte d'Ivoire 0.6 10.9 9.3 8.8 8.8 7.2 7.4 6.8 6.9 2.7 8.7
Equatorial Guinea 10.6 8.3 –4.1 0.4 –9.1 –8.8 –5.7 –5.8 –6.1 –5.5 2.3
Eritrea 2.8 1.9 –10.5 30.9 –20.6 7.4 –10.0 13.0 3.8 0.1 5.9
Eswatini 3.7 5.4 3.9 0.9 2.3 1.3 2.0 2.4 1.0 –0.9 1.8
Ethiopia 8.9 8.7 9.9 10.3 10.4 8.0 10.2 7.7 9.0 3.2 4.3
Gabon 1.9 5.3 5.5 4.4 3.9 2.1 0.5 0.8 3.4 –1.2 3.6
The Gambia 2.0 5.2 2.9 –1.4 4.1 1.9 4.8 6.5 6.0 2.5 6.5
Ghana 6.7 8.5 7.2 2.9 2.2 3.4 8.1 6.3 6.1 1.5 5.9
Guinea 3.3 5.9 3.9 3.7 3.8 10.8 10.3 6.2 5.6 2.9 7.6
Guinea-Bissau 3.7 –1.7 3.3 1.0 6.1 5.3 4.8 3.8 4.6 –1.5 3.0
Kenya 4.4 4.6 5.9 5.4 5.7 5.9 4.9 6.3 5.6 1.0 6.1
Lesotho 4.4 6.1 3.9 2.8 3.3 3.4 –1.0 0.4 1.2 –5.2 5.1
Liberia 2.5 8.4 8.8 0.7 0.0 –1.6 2.5 1.2 –2.5 –2.5 4.0
Madagascar 2.2 3.0 2.3 3.3 3.1 4.0 3.9 4.6 4.8 0.4 5.0
Malawi 5.8 1.9 5.2 5.7 2.9 2.3 4.0 3.2 4.5 1.0 2.5
Mali 4.6 –0.7 2.2 6.8 6.6 5.9 5.0 5.2 5.1 1.5 4.1
Mauritius 4.1 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.5 –6.8 5.9
Mozambique 7.6 7.3 7.0 7.4 6.7 3.8 3.7 3.4 2.2 2.2 4.7
Namibia 4.3 5.1 5.6 5.8 4.5 –0.3 –0.1 0.3 –1.4 –2.5 3.2
Niger 4.4 10.6 5.6 6.6 4.4 5.7 5.0 7.0 5.8 1.0 8.1
Nigeria 8.7 4.3 5.4 6.3 2.7 –1.6 0.8 1.9 2.2 –3.4 2.4
Rwanda 8.1 8.6 4.7 6.2 8.9 6.0 6.1 8.6 10.1 3.5 6.7
São Tomé and Príncipe 5.4 3.1 4.8 6.5 3.8 4.2 3.9 3.0 1.3 –6.0 5.5
Senegal 3.7 5.1 2.8 6.6 6.4 6.4 7.4 6.4 5.3 3.0 5.5
Seychelles 2.8 3.7 6.0 4.5 4.9 4.6 4.4 3.8 3.9 –10.8 8.0
Sierra Leone 7.8 15.2 20.7 4.6 –20.5 6.4 3.8 3.5 5.1 –2.3 4.0
South Africa 3.5 2.2 2.5 1.8 1.2 0.4 1.4 0.8 0.2 –5.8 4.0
South Sudan . .. –52.4 29.3 2.9 –0.2 –16.7 –5.5 –1.1 11.3 4.9 3.2
Tanzania 6.8 5.1 6.8 6.7 6.2 6.9 6.8 7.0 6.3 2.0 4.6
Togo 2.8 6.5 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.6 4.4 4.9 5.3 1.0 4.0
Uganda 7.7 2.2 4.7 4.6 5.7 2.3 5.0 6.3 4.9 3.5 4.3
Zambia 7.5 7.6 5.1 4.7 2.9 3.8 3.5 4.0 1.5 –3.5 2.3
Zimbabwe 1/ –2.6 16.7 2.0 2.4 1.8 0.7 4.7 3.5 –8.3 –7.4 2.5
1/ See country-specific notes for Belarus, India, Lebanon, Libya, Ukraine, and Zimbabwe in the “Country Notes” section of the Statistical Appendix.
2/ In this table only, the data for Timor-Leste are based on non-oil GDP.
3/ Data for 2011 exclude South Sudan after July 9. Data for 2012 and onward pertain to the current Sudan.
4/ Data for Syria are excluded for 2011 onward owing to the uncertain political situation.
Table A4. Summary of Inflation
(Percent)
Average Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Consumer Prices
Advanced Economies 2.0 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.8 1.7 2.0 1.4 0.5 1.5
United States 2.4 2.1 1.5 1.6 0.1 1.3 2.1 2.4 1.8 0.6 2.2
Euro Area 1/ 2.1 2.5 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.5 1.8 1.2 0.2 1.0
Japan –0.2 –0.1 0.3 2.8 0.8 –0.1 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.4
Other Advanced Economie s 2/ 2.3 2.1 1.7 1.5 0.5 0.9 1.8 1.9 1.4 0.7 1.3
Emerging Market and Developing Economies 3/ 6.5 5.8 5.5 4.7 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.8 5.0 4.6 4.5
Regional Groups
Emerging and Developing Asia 4.6 4.6 4.6 3.4 2.7 2.8 2.4 2.6 3.2 3.0 2.9
Emerging and Developing Europe 10.0 6.2 5.6 6.5 10.5 5.5 5.4 6.1 6.5 5.1 5.0
Latin America and the Caribbean 5.6 4.6 4.6 4.9 5.5 5.6 6.0 6.2 7.1 6.2 5.9
Middle East and Central Asia 7.7 9.4 8.8 6.6 5.5 5.5 6.7 9.9 8.5 8.4 8.7
Sub-Saharan Africa 9.3 9.1 6.5 6.3 6.9 10.7 10.7 8.3 8.4 9.3 7.6
Analytical Groups
By Source of Export Earnings
Fuel 9.3 8.0 8.1 6.5 8.6 7.1 5.4 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.9
Nonfuel 5.7 5.3 4.9 4.2 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.7 4.3 4.0
Of Which, Primary Products 4/ 6.4 6.9 6.5 6.9 5.2 6.0 10.9 13.2 16.5 15.9 13.5
By External Financing Source
Net Debtor Economies 7.2 6.9 6.2 5.6 5.3 5.1 5.5 5.4 5.2 4.7 4.7
Net Debtor Economies by
Debt-Servicing Experience
Economies with Arrears and/or
Rescheduling during 2014–18 9.2 7.7 6.5 10.3 14.7 9.8 18.5 18.0 14.0 11.2 10.4
Other Groups
European Union 5/ 2.4 2.6 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.6 1.9 1.4 0.6 1.2
Low-Income Developing Countries 9.8 9.6 7.9 7.1 6.6 8.8 9.4 8.9 8.5 9.7 8.2
Middle East and North Africa 7.4 9.7 9.4 6.5 5.6 5.2 6.7 11.0 9.0 8.2 9.1
Memorandum
Median Inflation Rate
Advanced Economies 2.3 2.6 1.4 0.7 0.1 0.6 1.6 1.8 1.5 0.5 1.4
Emerging Market and Developing Economies 3/ 5.2 4.6 3.8 3.1 2.7 2.7 3.3 2.9 2.6 3.0 3.0
1/ Based on Eurostat's harmonized index of consumer prices.
2/ Excludes the United States, euro area countries, and Japan.
3/ Excludes Venezuela but includes Argentina from 2017 onward. See country -specific notes for Venezuela and Argentina in the “Country Notes” section of the Statistical
Appendix.
4/ Includes Argentina from 2017 onward. See country-specific note for Argentina in the “Country Notes” section of the Statistical Appendix.
5/ Beginning with the April 2020 WEO, the United Kingdom is excluded from the European Union group.
Table A5. Advanced Economies: Consumer Prices 1/
(Annual percent change)
End of Period 2/
Average Projections Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2019 2020 2021
Advanced Economies 2.0 2.0 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.8 1.7 2.0 1.4 0.5 1.5 1.5 0.4 1.7
United States 2.4 2.1 1.5 1.6 0.1 1.3 2.1 2.4 1.8 0.6 2.2 1.9 0.8 2.4
Euro Area 3/ 2.1 2.5 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.5 1.8 1.2 0.2 1.0 1.3 –0.1 1.3
Germany 1.7 2.1 1.6 0.8 0.7 0.4 1.7 2.0 1.3 0.3 1.2 1.5 0.2 1.3
France 1.9 2.2 1.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.2 2.1 1.3 0.3 0.7 1.6 –0.7 1.3
Italy 2.3 3.3 1.2 0.2 0.1 –0.1 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.7
Spain 2.8 2.4 1.4 –0.2 –0.5 –0.2 2.0 1.7 0.7 –0.3 0.7 0.8 –1.0 1.4
Netherlands 1.9 2.8 2.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.3 1.6 2.7 0.5 1.2 2.8 0.8 1.3
Belgium 2.2 2.6 1.2 0.5 0.6 1.8 2.2 2.3 1.2 0.3 1.1 0.9 –0.2 1.4
Austria 2.0 2.6 2.1 1.5 0.8 1.0 2.2 2.1 1.5 0.4 1.7 1.8 0.3 1.9
Ireland 2.0 1.9 0.5 0.3 –0.0 –0.2 0.3 0.7 0.9 0.4 1.7 0.0 1.5 1.8
Portugal 2.4 2.8 0.4 –0.2 0.5 0.6 1.6 1.2 0.3 –0.2 1.4 0.4 –0.2 1.6
Greece 3.4 1.0 –0.9 –1.4 –1.1 0.0 1.1 0.8 0.5 –0.5 1.0 1.1 –0.6 1.4
Finland 1.8 3.2 2.2 1.2 –0.2 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.7 1.1 0.8 2.0
Slovak Republic 3.8 3.7 1.5 –0.1 –0.3 –0.5 1.4 2.5 2.8 1.1 1.4 3.2 0.4 1.8
Lithuania 3.3 3.2 1.2 0.2 –0.7 0.7 3.7 2.5 2.2 –0.3 1.7 2.7 –0.3 1.7
Slovenia 3.5 2.6 1.8 0.2 –0.5 –0.1 1.4 1.7 1.6 0.4 1.4 1.8 0.2 1.8
Luxembourg 2.8 2.9 1.7 0.7 0.1 0.0 2.1 2.0 1.7 0.7 1.5 1.8 0.6 1.3
Latvia 5.5 2.3 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 2.9 2.6 2.7 –0.3 3.0 2.1 0.5 2.4
Estonia 4.2 4.2 3.2 0.5 0.1 0.8 3.7 3.4 2.3 1.5 2.0 1.8 1.5 2.0
Cyprus 2.6 3.1 0.4 –0.3 –1.5 –1.2 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0
Malta 2.4 3.2 1.0 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.7 1.5 0.6 1.9 1.3 0.3 2.0
Japan –0.2 –0.1 0.3 2.8 0.8 –0.1 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.5 –0.0 0.4
United Kingdom 2.4 2.8 2.6 1.5 0.0 0.7 2.7 2.5 1.8 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.9
Korea 3.2 2.2 1.3 1.3 0.7 1.0 1.9 1.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.7 –0.3 0.9
Canada 2.1 1.5 0.9 1.9 1.1 1.4 1.6 2.3 1.9 0.6 1.3 2.1 0.2 1.6
Australia 2.9 1.7 2.5 2.5 1.5 1.3 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.2 2.0
Taiwan Province of China 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.3 –0.6 1.0 1.1 1.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.1 0.5 1.5
Singapore 2.0 4.6 2.4 1.0 –0.5 –0.5 0.6 0.4 0.6 –0.2 0.5 0.8 –0.4 0.9
Switzerland 0.8 –0.7 –0.2 –0.0 –1.1 –0.4 0.5 0.9 0.4 –0.4 0.6 0.2 –0.0 0.4
Sweden 1.8 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.7 1.1 1.9 2.0 1.7 0.5 1.5 1.7 0.4 1.5
Hong Kong SAR 1.1 4.1 4.3 4.4 3.0 2.4 1.5 2.4 2.9 2.0 2.5 2.9 2.0 2.5
Czech Republic 2.3 3.3 1.4 0.4 0.3 0.7 2.5 2.2 2.9 2.1 2.0 3.2 2.0 2.0
Norway 1.8 0.7 2.1 2.0 2.2 3.6 1.9 2.8 2.2 2.4 2.2 1.4 2.4 2.2
Israel 2.4 1.7 1.5 0.5 –0.6 –0.5 0.2 0.8 0.8 –1.9 0.5 0.6 –1.5 0.3
Denmark 2.0 2.4 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.0 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.2 0.8 0.7 1.2
New Zealand 2.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.3 0.6 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.9 1.0 1.5
Puerto Rico 3.0 1.3 1.1 0.6 –0.8 –0.3 1.8 1.3 0.7 –1.5 0.6 0.7 –1.5 0.6
Macao SAR 3.0 6.1 5.5 6.0 4.6 2.4 1.2 3.0 2.8 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.0 2.3
Iceland 6.0 5.2 3.9 2.0 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.7 3.0 2.3 2.5 2.0 2.6 2.5
San Marino . .. 2.8 1.6 1.1 0.1 0.6 1.0 1.8 1.0 0.3 1.5 1.0 0.3 1.5
Memorandum
Major Advanced Economie s 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.5 0.3 0.8 1.8 2.1 1.5 0.5 1.6 1.5 0.5 1.8
1/ Movements in consumer prices are shown as annual averages.
2/ Monthly year-over-year changes and, for several countries, on a quarterly basis.
3/ Based on Eurostat's harmonized index of consumer prices.
Table A6. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Consumer Prices 1/
(Annual percent change)
End of Period 2/
Average Projections Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2019 2020 2021
Emerging and Developing Asia 4.6 4.6 4.6 3.4 2.7 2.8 2.4 2.6 3.2 3.0 2.9 4.5 1.7 3.2
Bangladesh 7.3 6.2 7.5 7.0 6.2 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.6
Bhutan 5.0 10.1 6.6 8.7 5.5 3.2 5.4 2.7 2.6 3.1 3.5 2.7 3.4 3.5
Brunei Darussala m 0.4 0.1 0.4 –0.2 –0.3 –0.4 –1.3 1.1 –0.5 0.9 1.0 –0.1 0.9 1.0
Cambodia 5.7 2.9 3.0 3.9 1.2 3.0 2.9 2.4 2.4 1.5 1.9 2.7 0.9 2.8
China 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.0 1.4 2.0 1.6 2.1 2.9 3.0 2.6 4.5 1.0 3.0
Fiji 4.0 3.4 2.9 0.5 1.4 3.9 3.4 4.1 1.9 1.2 1.5 1.9 1.2 1.5
India 7.0 10.0 9.4 5.8 4.9 4.5 3.6 3.4 4.5 3.3 3.6 5.8 2.7 3.8
Indonesia 7.9 4.0 6.4 6.4 6.4 3.5 3.8 3.3 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.6 3.1 3.0
Kiribati 2.6 –3.0 –1.5 2.1 0.6 1.9 0.4 0.6 –1.9 1.8 1.7 –1.2 1.5 1.9
Lao P.D.R. 7.6 4.3 6.4 4.1 1.3 1.8 0.7 2.0 3.3 6.5 4.9 6.3 6.3 3.5
Malaysia 2.4 1.7 2.1 3.1 2.1 2.1 3.8 1.0 0.7 0.1 2.8 1.0 0.1 2.8
Maldives 5.0 10.9 3.8 2.1 1.9 0.8 2.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.4 2.1
Marshall Islands . .. 4.3 1.9 1.1 –2.2 –1.5 0.1 0.8 0.6 –0.9 2.2 0.6 –0.9 2.2
Micronesia 3.5 6.3 2.2 0.7 –0.2 –0.6 0.1 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0
Mongolia 9.3 14.3 10.5 12.3 5.7 0.7 4.3 6.8 7.3 5.6 6.5 5.2 6.0 7.0
Myanmar 16.6 0.4 5.8 5.1 7.3 9.1 4.6 5.9 8.6 6.2 6.3 9.5 5.4 6.1
Nauru . .. 0.3 –1.1 0.3 9.8 8.2 5.1 0.5 3.9 1.5 1.7 2.3 1.3 1.6
Nepal 6.8 8.3 9.9 9.0 7.2 9.9 4.5 4.1 4.6 6.7 6.7 6.0 7.5 6.0
Palau 3.0 5.4 2.8 4.0 2.2 –1.3 0.9 1.6 0.7 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.5 1.5
Papua New Guinea 6.0 4.5 5.0 5.2 6.0 6.7 5.4 4.7 3.8 4.7 5.9 3.4 5.2 6.2
Philippines 5.0 3.0 2.6 3.6 0.7 1.3 2.9 5.2 2.5 1.7 2.9 2.5 2.6 3.0
Samoa 5.8 6.2 –0.2 –1.2 1.9 0.1 1.3 3.7 2.2 2.3 1.6 –0.1 1.7 1.4
Solomon Islands 8.5 5.9 5.4 5.2 –0.6 0.5 0.5 2.7 2.2 2.4 3.0 2.2 1.7 4.1
Sri Lanka 9.0 7.5 6.9 2.8 2.2 4.0 6.6 4.3 4.3 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.8
Thailand 2.8 3.0 2.2 1.9 –0.9 0.2 0.7 1.1 0.7 –1.1 0.6 0.9 –1.1 0.7
Timor-Leste 5.5 10.9 9.5 0.8 0.6 –1.5 0.5 2.3 0.1 0.9 1.9 0.3 1.5 2.4
Tonga 7.5 1.1 2.1 1.2 –1.1 2.6 7.4 3.6 4.7 2.0 1.2 3.2 0.9 1.5
Tuvalu 2.8 1.4 2.0 1.1 3.1 3.5 4.1 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.6 2.2 1.9 2.6
Vanuatu 2.6 1.3 1.5 0.8 2.5 0.8 3.1 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.3 1.6 2.0
Vietnam 9.6 9.1 6.6 4.1 0.6 2.7 3.5 3.5 2.8 3.2 3.9 5.2 2.0 4.3
Emerging and Developing Europe 10.0 6.2 5.6 6.5 10.5 5.5 5.4 6.1 6.5 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.0
Albania 3.1 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.9 1.3 2.0 2.0 1.4 2.4 2.7 1.1 2.6 2.9
Belarus 19.5 59.2 18.3 18.1 13.5 11.8 6.0 4.9 5.6 5.6 5.6 4.7 6.5 4.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.9 2.1 –0.1 –0.9 –1.0 –1.6 0.8 1.4 0.7 –0.6 1.4 0.8 –0.6 1.2
Bulgaria 3/ 5.6 2.4 0.4 –1.6 –1.1 –1.3 1.2 2.6 2.5 1.0 1.9 3.1 1.0 2.4
Croatia 2.7 3.4 2.2 –0.2 –0.5 –1.1 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.2
Hungary 5.1 5.7 1.7 –0.2 –0.1 0.4 2.4 2.8 3.4 3.3 3.2 4.0 3.0 3.1
Kosovo 2.3 2.5 1.8 0.4 –0.5 0.3 1.5 1.1 2.7 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.9
Moldova 9.3 4.6 4.6 5.1 9.6 6.4 6.6 3.1 4.8 2.8 2.3 7.5 0.5 6.0
Montenegro 5.4 4.1 2.2 –0.7 1.5 –0.3 2.4 2.6 0.4 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.4 1.2
North Macedonia 2.0 3.3 2.8 –0.3 –0.3 –0.2 1.4 1.5 0.8 –0.9 0.8 0.4 –0.4 1.0
Poland 2.6 3.7 0.9 –0.0 –0.9 –0.6 2.0 1.6 2.3 3.2 2.6 3.4 2.1 2.5
Romania 9.4 3.3 4.0 1.1 –0.6 –1.6 1.3 4.6 3.8 2.2 1.5 4.0 1.4 1.9
Russia 11.2 5.1 6.8 7.8 15.5 7.0 3.7 2.9 4.5 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.8 2.9
Serbia 9.3 7.3 7.7 2.1 1.4 1.1 3.1 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.5 2.0
Turkey 13.2 8.9 7.5 8.9 7.7 7.8 11.1 16.3 15.2 12.0 12.0 11.8 12.0 12.0
Ukraine 4/ 10.7 0.6 –0.3 12.1 48.7 13.9 14.4 10.9 7.9 4.5 7.2 4.1 7.7 5.9
Latin America and the Caribbean 5/ 5.6 4.6 4.6 4.9 5.5 5.6 6.0 6.2 7.1 6.2 5.9 7.2 5.6 5.7
Antigua and Barbuda 2.3 3.4 1.1 1.1 1.0 –0.5 2.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.3 2.0
Argentina 4/ 10.7 10.0 10.6 . .. . .. . .. 25.7 34.3 53.5 . .. . .. 53.8 . .. . ..
Aruba 3.5 0.6 –2.4 0.4 0.5 –0.9 –1.0 3.6 4.3 1.5 2.0 5.2 –0.7 3.3
The Bahamas 2.3 1.9 0.4 1.2 1.9 –0.3 1.5 2.3 1.3 2.4 2.8 1.8 2.9 2.7
Barbados 4.7 4.5 1.8 1.8 –1.1 1.5 4.4 3.7 4.1 4.5 1.6 7.2 0.7 2.4
Belize 2.6 1.2 0.5 1.2 –0.9 0.7 1.1 0.3 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.2 0.8 2.0
Bolivia 5.4 4.5 5.7 5.8 4.1 3.6 2.8 2.3 1.8 2.3 4.4 1.5 4.1 3.8
Brazil 6.6 5.4 6.2 6.3 9.0 8.7 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.3 4.3 3.0 3.3
Chile 3.2 3.0 1.8 4.7 4.3 3.8 2.2 2.3 2.3 3.4 2.9 3.0 2.5 3.0
Colombia 5.1 3.2 2.0 2.9 5.0 7.5 4.3 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.8 3.2 3.0
Table A6. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Consumer Prices 1/ (continued)
(Annual percent change)
End of Period 2/
Average Projections Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2019 2020 2021
Latin America and the
Caribbean (continued) 5/ 5.6 4.6 4.6 4.9 5.5 5.6 6.0 6.2 7.1 6.2 5.9 7.2 5.6 5.7
Costa Rica 9.7 4.5 5.2 4.5 0.8 –0.0 1.6 2.2 2.1 1.5 2.3 1.5 2.0 2.5
Dominica 2.2 1.4 –0.0 0.8 –0.9 0.0 0.6 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 2.0
Dominican Republic 12.1 3.7 4.8 3.0 0.8 1.6 3.3 3.6 1.8 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.0 4.0
Ecuador 5.2 5.1 2.7 3.6 4.0 1.7 0.4 –0.2 0.3 –0.0 1.2 –0.1 0.1 2.3
El Salvador 3.6 1.7 0.8 1.1 –0.7 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 –0.0 0.4 0.8
Grenada 3.1 2.4 –0.0 –1.0 –0.6 1.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.2 1.2 0.9 0.3 1.3
Guatemala 6.7 3.8 4.3 3.4 2.4 4.4 4.4 3.8 3.7 1.8 1.8 3.4 1.6 3.1
Guyana 6.1 2.4 1.9 0.7 –0.9 0.8 1.9 1.3 2.1 1.8 3.0 2.1 1.9 3.9
Haiti 13.1 6.8 6.8 3.9 7.5 13.4 14.7 12.9 17.3 22.2 21.3 20.1 23.0 20.0
Honduras 7.3 5.2 5.2 6.1 3.2 2.7 3.9 4.3 4.4 3.2 3.0 4.1 2.4 4.2
Jamaica 11.6 6.9 9.3 8.3 3.7 2.3 4.4 3.7 3.9 5.1 5.2 6.2 4.9 5.4
Mexico 4.4 4.1 3.8 4.0 2.7 2.8 6.0 4.9 3.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.4 3.0
Nicaragua 8.4 7.2 7.1 6.0 4.0 3.5 3.9 4.9 5.4 4.5 4.0 6.1 3.8 4.0
Panama 3.1 5.7 4.0 2.6 0.1 0.7 0.9 0.8 –0.4 –0.9 0.5 –0.1 –1.0 1.0
Paraguay 7.9 3.7 2.7 5.0 3.1 4.1 3.6 4.0 2.8 2.9 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.3
Peru 2.5 3.7 2.8 3.2 3.5 3.6 2.8 1.3 2.1 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.6 2.0
St. Kitts and Nevis 3.7 0.8 1.1 0.2 –2.3 –0.7 0.7 –1.0 –0.2 0.9 1.7 0.4 1.4 2.0
St. Lucia 2.4 4.2 1.5 3.5 –1.0 –3.1 0.1 2.4 0.7 0.2 1.8 0.7 0.7 2.0
St. Vincent and the Grenadines 3.1 2.6 0.8 0.2 –1.7 –0.2 2.2 2.3 0.9 0.9 1.6 0.5 1.5 2.0
Suriname 11.7 5.0 1.9 3.4 6.9 55.5 22.0 6.9 4.4 27.9 22.7 4.2 49.4 6.7
Trinidad and Tobago 6.9 9.3 5.2 5.7 4.7 3.1 1.9 1.0 1.0 –1.0 1.3 0.4 –1.0 1.3
Uruguay 9.1 8.1 8.6 8.9 8.7 9.6 6.2 7.6 7.9 8.8 7.9 8.8 8.0 7.5
Venezuela 4/ 23.4 21.1 40.6 62.2 121.7 254.9 438.1 65,374.1 19,906.0 15,000.0 15,000.0 9,585.5 15,000.0 15,000.0
Middle East and Central Asia 7.7 9.4 8.8 6.6 5.5 5.5 6.7 9.9 8.5 8.4 8.7 7.2 9.7 8.0
Afghanistan 11.1 6.4 7.4 4.7 –0.7 4.4 5.0 0.6 2.3 4.7 4.5 2.8 4.5 5.0
Algeria 3.6 8.9 3.3 2.9 4.8 6.4 5.6 4.3 2.0 3.5 3.7 2.4 3.3 4.0
Armenia 4.8 2.5 5.8 3.0 3.7 –1.4 1.0 2.4 1.4 0.8 2.0 0.7 1.5 2.5
Azerbaijan 8.0 1.0 2.4 1.4 4.0 12.4 12.8 2.3 2.6 3.3 3.2 2.7 3.3 3.2
Bahrain 1.9 2.8 3.3 2.7 1.8 2.8 1.4 2.1 1.0 2.6 2.5 1.7 2.4 2.4
Djibouti 4.0 4.2 1.1 1.3 –0.8 2.7 0.6 0.1 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.3 3.5 2.0
Egypt 8.8 8.6 6.9 10.1 11.0 10.2 23.5 20.9 13.9 5.9 8.2 9.4 6.2 9.0
Georgia 7.0 –0.9 –0.5 3.1 4.0 2.1 6.0 2.6 4.9 4.6 3.7 7.0 3.5 3.0
Iran 15.6 30.6 34.7 15.6 11.9 9.1 9.6 31.2 41.1 34.2 33.5 26.4 42.0 25.0
Iraq . .. 6.1 1.9 2.2 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 –0.2 0.8 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.0
Jordan 4.3 4.5 4.8 2.9 –0.9 –0.8 3.3 4.5 0.3 0.2 1.6 0.6 1.4 1.0
Kazakhstan 8.6 5.1 5.8 6.7 6.7 14.6 7.4 6.0 5.2 6.9 6.8 5.4 8.1 6.5
Kuwait 3.6 3.2 2.7 3.1 3.7 3.5 1.5 0.6 1.1 0.5 2.3 1.5 0.6 2.5
Kyrgyz Republic 8.3 2.8 6.6 7.5 6.5 0.4 3.2 1.5 1.1 10.6 7.2 3.1 12.0 7.0
Lebanon 4/ 3.1 6.6 4.8 1.8 –3.7 –0.8 4.5 4.6 2.9 17.0 . .. 7.0 17.5 . ..
Libya 4/ 2.9 6.1 2.6 2.4 14.8 24.0 28.0 –1.2 4.6 22.3 15.1 4.6 22.3 15.1
Mauritania 6.6 4.9 4.1 3.8 0.5 1.5 2.3 3.1 2.3 3.9 4.5 2.7 5.0 4.0
Morocco 1.8 1.3 1.9 0.4 1.5 1.6 0.8 1.9 –0.0 0.3 1.3 –0.3 0.3 1.3
Oman 3.4 2.9 1.2 1.0 0.1 1.1 1.6 0.9 0.1 1.0 3.4 0.1 1.0 3.4
Pakistan 9.0 11.0 7.4 8.6 4.5 2.9 4.1 3.9 6.7 11.1 8.0 8.0 9.8 7.4
Qatar 5.1 1.8 3.2 4.2 1.0 2.7 0.5 0.2 –0.6 –1.2 2.4 . .. . .. . ..
Saudi Arabia 2.6 2.9 3.5 2.2 1.3 2.0 –0.9 2.5 –1.2 0.9 2.0 0.2 0.9 2.0
Somalia . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. 3.1 3.0 2.5
Sudan 6/ 12.4 35.6 36.5 36.9 16.9 17.8 32.4 63.3 51.0 81.3 91.1 57.0 96.1 94.0
Syria 7/ . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..
Tajikistan 11.1 5.8 5.0 6.1 5.8 5.9 7.3 3.8 7.8 8.1 6.9 8.0 7.4 6.9
Tunisia 3.5 4.6 5.3 4.6 4.4 3.6 5.3 7.3 6.7 6.2 4.9 6.1 6.0 4.8
Turkmenistan 6.6 5.3 6.8 6.0 7.4 3.6 8.0 13.3 5.1 8.0 6.0 6.3 8.0 6.0
United Arab Emirates 5.3 0.7 1.1 2.3 4.1 1.6 2.0 3.1 –1.9 –1.0 1.5 –1.9 –1.0 1.5
Uzbekistan 13.1 11.9 11.7 9.1 8.5 8.8 13.9 17.5 14.5 12.6 10.6 15.2 11.2 9.1
Yemen 11.7 9.9 11.0 8.2 22.0 21.3 30.4 27.6 10.0 26.7 5.0 6.2 46.0 5.0
Table A6. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Consumer Prices 1/ (continued)
(Annual percent change)
End of Period 2/
Average Projections Projections
2002–11 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2019 2020 2021
Sub-Saharan Africa 9.3 9.1 6.5 6.3 6.9 10.7 10.7 8.3 8.4 9.3 7.6 9.4 8.4 7.4
Angola 31.5 10.3 8.8 7.3 9.2 30.7 29.8 19.6 17.1 20.7 22.3 16.9 21.0 24.0
Benin 3.0 6.7 1.0 –1.1 0.2 –0.8 1.8 0.8 –0.9 –0.8 0.6 0.3 –0.8 0.6
Botswana 8.7 7.5 5.9 4.4 3.1 2.8 3.3 3.2 2.8 2.1 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.6
Burkina Faso 2.6 3.8 0.5 –0.3 0.9 –0.2 0.4 2.0 –3.2 3.2 2.1 –2.6 3.2 2.1
Burundi 9.1 18.2 7.9 4.4 5.6 5.5 16.6 –2.8 –0.7 8.0 6.0 5.1 10.4 2.5
Cabo Verde 2.5 2.5 1.5 –0.2 0.1 –1.4 0.8 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.4
Cameroon 2.4 2.4 2.1 1.9 2.7 0.9 0.6 1.1 2.5 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.1
Central African Republic 3.0 5.5 7.0 14.9 1.4 4.9 4.2 1.6 2.7 1.2 2.5 –2.8 3.5 2.5
Chad 2.2 7.5 0.2 1.7 4.8 –1.6 –0.9 4.0 –1.0 2.2 2.9 –1.7 2.3 2.9
Comoros 3.8 5.9 0.4 –0.0 0.9 0.8 0.1 1.7 3.3 3.0 2.1 5.1 –5.5 3.8
Democratic Republic of the Congo 19.1 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.7 3.2 35.8 29.3 4.8 11.0 10.5 5.5 12.0 9.0
Republic of Congo 3.0 5.0 4.6 0.9 3.2 3.2 0.4 1.2 2.2 2.1 2.6 3.8 2.5 2.7
Côte d'Ivoire 3.0 1.3 2.6 0.4 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4
Equatorial Guinea 5.2 3.4 3.2 4.3 1.7 1.4 0.7 1.3 0.6 1.7 1.7 4.1 2.1 2.2
Eritrea 17.1 4.8 5.9 10.0 28.5 –5.6 –13.3 –14.4 –16.4 4.5 2.4 27.2 4.0 2.0
Eswatini 7.1 8.9 5.6 5.7 5.0 7.8 6.2 4.8 2.6 3.6 4.5 2.0 3.9 5.0
Ethiopia 15.3 24.1 8.1 7.4 9.6 6.6 10.7 13.8 15.8 15.4 9.1 19.5 10.2 8.0
Gabon 1.1 2.7 0.5 4.5 –0.1 2.1 2.7 4.8 2.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 3.0 3.0
The Gambia 7.0 4.6 5.2 6.3 6.8 7.2 8.0 6.5 7.1 6.7 6.0 7.7 6.2 5.8
Ghana 13.4 7.1 11.7 15.5 17.2 17.5 12.4 9.8 7.2 9.7 8.5 7.9 9.9 8.2
Guinea 17.6 15.2 11.9 9.7 8.2 8.2 8.9 9.8 9.5 8.5 8.0 9.1 8.1 8.0
Guinea-Bissau 2.5 2.1 0.8 –1.0 1.5 2.7 –0.2 0.4 0.2 0.8 1.5 –0.1 1.1 1.5
Kenya 7.8 9.4 5.7 6.9 6.6 6.3 8.0 4.7 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.8 4.5 5.0
Lesotho 6.8 5.5 5.0 4.6 4.3 6.2 4.5 4.7 5.2 3.6 3.6 4.3 3.0 4.2
Liberia 9.6 6.8 7.6 9.9 7.7 8.8 12.4 23.5 27.0 13.8 13.5 20.3 15.0 12.0
Madagascar 10.4 5.7 5.8 6.1 7.4 6.1 8.6 8.6 5.6 5.5 6.5 4.0 6.0 5.9
Malawi 8.1 21.3 28.3 23.8 21.9 21.7 11.5 9.2 9.4 14.0 10.7 11.5 15.7 7.8
Mali 2.5 5.3 –2.4 2.7 1.4 –1.8 1.8 1.7 –0.6 0.6 1.5 –1.3 1.5 1.7
Mauritius 5.8 3.9 3.5 3.2 1.3 1.0 3.7 3.2 0.5 4.7 7.0 0.9 8.5 5.6
Mozambique 11.2 2.6 4.3 2.6 3.6 19.9 15.1 3.9 2.8 5.2 5.7 3.5 6.0 5.5
Namibia 6.6 6.7 5.6 5.3 3.4 6.7 6.1 4.3 3.7 2.4 3.2 2.6 2.4 3.2
Niger 2.4 0.5 2.3 –0.9 1.0 0.2 0.2 2.8 –2.5 4.4 1.7 –2.3 2.3 2.0
Nigeria 12.2 12.2 8.5 8.0 9.0 15.7 16.5 12.1 11.4 13.4 12.4 12.0 13.9 11.3
Rwanda 8.1 6.3 4.2 1.8 2.5 5.7 4.8 1.4 2.4 6.9 5.4 6.7 5.0 5.0
São Tomé and Príncipe 16.7 10.6 8.1 7.0 5.3 5.4 5.7 8.3 8.4 7.9 7.0 7.7 8.0 6.0
Senegal 2.1 1.4 0.7 –1.1 0.9 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.0 2.0 1.9 0.6 1.9 2.0
Seychelles 7.3 7.1 4.3 1.4 4.0 –1.0 2.9 3.7 1.8 4.5 3.1 1.7 4.8 3.4
Sierra Leone 8.7 6.6 5.5 4.6 6.7 10.9 18.2 16.0 14.8 15.4 15.2 13.9 17.0 13.5
South Africa 5.9 5.6 5.8 6.1 4.6 6.3 5.3 4.6 4.1 2.4 3.2 3.7 0.0 4.3
South Sudan . .. 45.1 –0.0 1.7 52.8 379.8 187.9 83.5 51.2 8.1 24.5 30.0 39.7 16.7
Tanzania 7.4 16.0 7.9 6.1 5.6 5.2 5.3 3.5 3.4 3.9 4.3 3.8 4.1 4.3
Togo 2.4 2.6 1.8 0.2 1.8 0.9 –0.2 0.9 0.7 2.0 2.0 –0.3 4.8 –0.3
Uganda 7.7 12.7 4.9 3.1 5.4 5.5 5.6 2.6 2.9 3.9 4.8 3.6 3.9 4.4
Zambia 14.2 6.6 7.0 7.8 10.1 17.9 6.6 7.0 9.8 13.4 12.1 11.7 12.7 11.4
Zimbabwe 4/ –0.8 3.7 1.6 –0.2 –2.4 –1.6 0.9 10.6 255.3 319.0 3.7 521.1 154.3 3.0
1/ Movements in consumer prices are shown as annual averages.
2/ Monthly year-over-year changes and, for several countries, on a quarterly basis.
3/ Based on Eurostat's harmonized index of consumer prices.
4/ See country-specific notes for Argentina, Lebanon, Libya, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe in the "Country No tes" section of the Statistical Appendix.
5/ Excludes Venezuela but includes Argentina from 2017 onward. See country -specific notes for Venezuela and Argentina in the "Country Notes" section of the Statistical Appendix.
6/ Data for 2011 exclude South Sudan after July 9. Data for 2012 and onward pertain to the current Sudan.
7/ Data for Syria are excluded for 2011 onward owing to the uncertain political situation.
Table A7. Summary of Current Account Balances (continued)
(Percent of GDP)
Projections
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Advanced Economies 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.1
United States –2.6 –2.1 –2.1 –2.2 –2.3 –2.3 –2.4 –2.3 –2.6 –2.8
Euro Area 1.0 2.1 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.7
Germany 7.1 6.6 7.2 8.6 8.5 7.8 7.4 7.1 6.6 6.7
France –1.0 –0.5 –1.0 –0.4 –0.5 –0.7 –0.6 –0.8 –0.7 –0.6
Italy –0.2 1.1 1.9 1.4 2.6 2.6 2.5 3.0 3.1 3.0
Spain 0.1 2.0 1.7 2.0 3.2 2.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4
Japan 1.0 0.9 0.8 3.1 4.0 4.1 3.5 3.6 1.7 1.9
United Kingdom –3.4 –4.8 –4.7 –4.9 –5.2 –3.5 –3.9 –3.8 –4.4 –4.5
Canada –3.5 –3.1 –2.3 –3.5 –3.1 –2.8 –2.5 –2.0 –3.7 –2.3
Other Advanced Economie s 1/ 4.1 5.0 5.1 5.7 5.3 4.5 4.6 5.4 4.0 4.3
Emerging Market and Developing Economies 1.2 0.6 0.6 –0.2 –0.3 0.0 –0.1 0.1 –0.9 –0.6
Regional Groups
Emerging and Developing Asia 0.9 0.7 1.5 2.0 1.4 0.9 –0.1 0.6 0.1 0.5
Emerging and Developing Europe –0.6 –1.2 –0.2 1.1 –0.2 –0.4 1.7 1.4 –0.4 –0.5
Latin America and the Caribbean –2.5 –2.9 –3.1 –3.3 –2.0 –1.6 –2.4 –1.7 –1.5 –1.6
Middle East and Central Asia 11.4 8.8 5.2 –3.9 –4.1 –0.7 2.5 0.4 –5.7 –4.6
Sub-Saharan Africa –1.6 –2.1 –3.5 –5.8 –3.8 –2.2 –2.5 –4.0 –4.7 –4.2
Analytical Groups
By Source of Export Earnings
Fuel 9.7 7.3 5.1 –1.5 –1.6 1.7 5.5 2.4 –3.6 –2.6
Nonfuel –1.1 –1.2 –0.5 0.1 –0.0 –0.3 –1.1 –0.3 –0.5 –0.3
Of Which, Primary Products –3.3 –4.3 –2.8 –3.3 –2.4 –2.8 –3.8 –2.4 –1.4 –1.6
By External Financing Source
Net Debtor Economies –2.9 –2.6 –2.4 –2.4 –1.7 –1.7 –2.2 –1.6 –2.0 –1.9
Net Debtor Economies by
Debt-Servicing Experience
Economies with Arrears and/or
Rescheduling during 2014–18 –5.9 –5.7 –3.6 –5.2 –5.6 –4.6 –3.9 –4.1 –6.5 –6.1
Memorandum
World 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 –0.4 –0.2
European Union 2/ 2.2 2.9 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.9
Low-Income Developing Countries –1.8 –2.0 –2.0 –3.8 –2.3 –2.0 –2.5 –3.0 –4.3 –3.4
Middle East and North Africa 13.5 10.6 6.0 –4.3 –4.2 –0.2 3.6 1.0 –6.0 –4.8
1/ Excludes the Group of Seven (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States) and euro area countries .
2/ Beginning with the April 2020 WEO, the United Kingdom is excluded from the European Union group.
Table A8. Advanced Economies: Balance on Current Account
(Percent of GDP)
Projections
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Advanced Economies 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.1
United States –2.6 –2.1 –2.1 –2.2 –2.3 –2.3 –2.4 –2.3 –2.6 –2.8
Euro Area 1/ 1.0 2.1 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.7
Germany 7.1 6.6 7.2 8.6 8.5 7.8 7.4 7.1 6.6 6.7
France –1.0 –0.5 –1.0 –0.4 –0.5 –0.7 –0.6 –0.8 –0.7 –0.6
Italy –0.2 1.1 1.9 1.4 2.6 2.6 2.5 3.0 3.1 3.0
Spain 0.1 2.0 1.7 2.0 3.2 2.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4
Netherlands 10.2 9.8 8.2 6.3 8.1 10.8 10.9 10.9 9.0 9.4
Belgium –0.1 1.0 0.8 1.4 0.6 1.2 –1.4 –1.2 –0.7 –1.1
Austria 1.5 1.9 2.5 1.7 2.7 1.6 2.3 2.6 1.9 2.0
Ireland –3.4 1.6 1.1 4.4 –4.2 0.5 10.6 –9.5 6.3 5.3
Portugal –1.6 1.6 0.2 0.2 1.2 1.3 0.4 –0.1 0.3 –0.4
Greece –2.4 –2.6 –2.3 –1.5 –2.3 –2.5 –3.5 –2.1 –6.5 –3.4
Finland –2.1 –1.8 –1.3 –0.9 –2.0 –0.8 –1.4 –0.1 –3.5 –3.0
Slovak Republic 0.9 1.9 1.1 –2.1 –2.7 –1.9 –2.6 –3.2 –3.0 –2.4
Lithuania –1.4 0.8 3.2 –2.8 –0.8 0.6 0.3 4.3 6.0 4.5
Slovenia 1.3 3.3 5.1 3.8 4.8 6.3 6.1 6.6 0.8 3.2
Luxembourg 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.5 4.0 4.4
Latvia –3.6 –2.7 –2.3 –0.9 1.4 1.0 –0.7 –0.5 –2.2 –1.5
Estonia –1.9 0.3 0.7 1.8 1.7 2.7 2.0 1.7 –2.7 –1.9
Cyprus –3.9 –1.5 –4.1 –0.4 –4.2 –5.1 –4.4 –6.7 –8.3 –5.6
Malta 1.7 2.7 8.7 2.8 3.8 10.5 10.4 8.4 3.3 6.1
Japan 1.0 0.9 0.8 3.1 4.0 4.1 3.5 3.6 1.7 1.9
United Kingdom –3.4 –4.8 –4.7 –4.9 –5.2 –3.5 –3.9 –3.8 –4.4 –4.5
Korea 3.8 5.6 5.6 7.2 6.5 4.6 4.5 3.7 4.9 4.8
Canada –3.5 –3.1 –2.3 –3.5 –3.1 –2.8 –2.5 –2.0 –3.7 –2.3
Australia –4.3 –3.4 –3.1 –4.6 –3.3 –2.6 –2.1 0.5 –0.6 –1.8
Taiwan Province of China 8.7 9.7 11.3 13.6 13.1 14.1 11.6 10.5 8.2 8.3
Singapore 17.6 15.7 18.0 18.7 17.6 16.3 17.2 17.0 14.8 15.7
Switzerland 10.7 11.6 8.6 11.3 9.9 6.4 8.2 12.2 7.2 8.8
Sweden 5.5 5.2 4.5 4.1 3.5 3.1 1.7 3.9 2.2 4.0
Hong Kong SAR 1.6 1.5 1.4 3.3 4.0 4.6 3.7 6.2 6.0 5.0
Czech Republic –1.6 –0.5 0.2 0.2 1.6 1.7 0.3 –0.0 –2.1 –0.9
Norway 12.6 10.3 10.8 8.0 4.5 4.6 7.1 4.0 –1.3 0.1
Israel 0.4 3.0 4.0 5.1 3.3 2.3 2.6 3.5 3.5 3.2
Denmark 6.3 7.8 8.9 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.0 7.9 4.8 5.3
New Zealand –3.9 –3.2 –3.1 –2.8 –2.0 –2.7 –3.8 –3.0 –4.5 –3.2
Puerto Rico . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..
Macao SAR 39.3 40.2 34.2 25.3 28.1 32.3 34.6 34.8 13.1 30.0
Iceland –3.8 5.8 3.9 5.1 7.6 3.8 3.1 5.8 2.1 3.4
San Marino . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. –0.1 –1.6 0.7 –4.5 –1.4
Memorandum
Major Advanced Economie s –0.9 –0.7 –0.6 –0.5 –0.2 –0.2 –0.4 –0.4 –0.9 –0.9
Euro Area 2/ 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.1 3.1 3.3
1/ Data corrected for reporting discrepancies in intra-area transactions.
2/ Data calculated as the sum of the balances of individual euro area countries.
Table A9. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Balance on Current Account
(Percent of GDP)
Projections
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Emerging and Developing Asia 0.9 0.7 1.5 2.0 1.4 0.9 –0.1 0.6 0.1 0.5
Bangladesh 0.7 1.2 1.3 1.9 0.6 –2.1 –2.6 –2.7 –2.2 –0.8
Bhutan –21.9 –26.0 –27.5 –27.9 –31.7 –23.6 –19.5 –23.1 –21.3 –20.2
Brunei Darussala m 29.8 20.9 31.9 16.7 12.9 16.4 7.9 4.3 –1.2 2.1
Cambodia –8.6 –8.5 –8.6 –8.7 –8.5 –7.9 –11.4 –12.5 –22.2 –17.6
China 2.5 1.5 2.2 2.7 1.8 1.6 0.4 1.0 0.5 1.0
Fiji –1.4 –8.9 –5.8 –3.5 –3.6 –6.7 –8.5 –7.2 –8.2 –6.0
India –4.8 –1.7 –1.3 –1.0 –0.6 –1.8 –2.1 –1.1 –0.6 –1.4
Indonesia –2.7 –3.2 –3.1 –2.0 –1.8 –1.6 –2.9 –2.7 –3.2 –2.7
Kiribati 1.9 –5.5 31.1 32.8 10.8 37.6 38.7 44.9 1.5 5.5
Lao P.D.R. –21.3 –26.5 –23.3 –22.4 –11.0 –10.6 –12.0 –7.2 –10.9 –9.2
Malaysia 5.1 3.4 4.3 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.1 3.3 –0.1 1.7
Maldives –6.6 –4.3 –3.7 –7.5 –23.6 –21.7 –26.4 –26.1 –23.1 –11.8
Marshall Islands –0.4 –6.2 3.4 17.2 16.1 7.5 6.5 3.7 –0.9 –3.7
Micronesia –13.6 –9.9 6.1 4.5 7.2 10.3 21.0 17.1 3.4 5.3
Mongolia –27.4 –25.4 –11.3 –4.0 –6.3 –10.1 –16.8 –12.4 –10.2 –10.5
Myanmar –1.8 –1.2 –4.5 –3.4 –4.2 –6.5 –4.2 –2.0 –4.7 –3.9
Nauru 35.7 49.5 25.2 –21.3 2.0 12.7 –4.6 5.0 5.2 2.7
Nepal 4.8 3.3 4.5 5.0 6.3 –0.4 –8.1 –7.7 –6.5 –6.2
Palau –15.3 –14.1 –17.8 –8.7 –13.6 –19.1 –15.8 –23.6 –30.7 –27.6
Papua New Guinea –36.7 –30.9 11.7 22.5 26.6 27.2 25.9 24.1 19.8 23.1
Philippines 2.8 4.2 3.8 2.5 –0.4 –0.7 –2.7 –0.1 –2.3 –2.2
Samoa –9.5 –1.5 –9.1 –2.8 –4.5 –2.0 0.8 2.3 –6.4 –4.4
Solomon Islands 1.5 –3.4 –4.3 –3.0 –4.0 –4.9 –4.5 –6.4 –15.0 –14.7
Sri Lanka –5.8 –3.4 –2.5 –2.3 –2.1 –2.6 –3.2 –2.2 –3.6 –2.9
Thailand –1.2 –2.1 2.9 6.9 10.5 9.6 5.6 6.9 5.2 5.6
Timor-Leste 230.7 171.4 75.6 12.8 –32.9 –17.7 –12.2 8.2 –28.1 –37.3
Tonga –12.3 –8.0 –10.0 –10.7 –6.6 –6.2 –5.5 –8.9 –14.8 –15.7
Tuvalu 18.4 –6.7 3.0 –53.5 21.5 24.0 7.1 25.6 –11.2 –24.0
Vanuatu –6.5 –3.3 6.2 –1.6 0.8 –6.4 1.9 7.2 –10.9 –5.6
Vietnam 4.7 3.6 3.7 –0.9 0.2 –0.6 1.9 4.0 0.7 1.0
Emerging and Developing Europe –0.6 –1.2 –0.2 1.1 –0.2 –0.4 1.7 1.4 –0.4 –0.5
Albania –10.2 –9.3 –10.8 –8.6 –7.6 –7.5 –6.8 –7.6 –11.2 –8.1
Belarus 1/ –2.8 –10.0 –6.6 –3.3 –3.4 –1.7 0.0 –1.8 –2.9 –2.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina –8.7 –5.3 –7.3 –5.1 –4.7 –4.4 –3.7 –3.6 –7.5 –5.5
Bulgaria –0.9 1.3 1.2 0.1 3.2 3.5 1.4 4.0 1.7 0.6
Croatia 0.3 1.3 0.3 3.3 2.1 3.4 1.9 2.9 –4.0 –1.5
Hungary 1.5 3.6 1.3 2.4 4.5 2.3 –0.0 –0.8 –0.1 –0.6
Kosovo –5.8 –3.4 –6.9 –8.6 –7.9 –5.4 –7.6 –5.5 –7.4 –5.1
Moldova –7.4 –5.2 –6.0 –6.0 –3.5 –5.7 –10.7 –8.9 –8.3 –10.1
Montenegro –15.3 –11.4 –12.4 –11.0 –16.2 –16.1 –17.0 –15.1 –17.9 –14.0
North Macedonia –3.2 –1.6 –0.5 –2.0 –2.9 –1.1 –0.1 –2.8 –2.2 –1.3
Poland –3.7 –1.3 –2.1 –0.5 –0.5 0.0 –1.0 0.5 0.2 0.1
Romania –4.8 –0.8 –0.2 –0.6 –1.4 –2.8 –4.4 –4.7 –5.5 –4.7
Russia 3.3 1.5 2.8 5.0 1.9 2.1 6.8 3.8 0.7 0.6
Serbia –10.8 –5.7 –5.6 –3.5 –2.9 –5.2 –4.8 –6.9 –6.1 –5.5
Turkey –5.5 –5.9 –4.2 –3.2 –3.1 –4.8 –2.7 1.1 0.4 –0.2
Ukraine 1/ –8.1 –9.2 –3.9 1.7 –1.5 –2.2 –3.3 –0.7 –2.0 –2.4
Latin America and the Caribbean –2.5 –2.9 –3.1 –3.3 –2.0 –1.6 –2.4 –1.7 –1.5 –1.6
Antigua and Barbuda . .. . .. 0.3 2.2 –2.4 –7.8 –13.6 –7.5 –25.6 –25.3
Argentina 1/ –0.4 –2.1 –1.6 –2.7 –2.7 –4.8 –5.2 –0.8 . .. . ..
Aruba 3.5 –12.9 –5.1 4.3 5.1 1.1 –0.1 –0.2 –11.2 –1.1
The Bahamas –14.3 –14.4 –20.1 –13.7 –6.0 –12.4 –12.1 0.6 –12.7 –9.3
Barbados –8.5 –8.4 –9.2 –6.1 –4.3 –3.8 –4.0 –3.6 –7.8 –5.6
Belize –1.2 –4.6 –8.0 –10.1 –9.2 –7.1 –8.1 –7.8 –18.6 –9.0
Bolivia 7.2 3.4 1.7 –5.8 –5.6 –4.8 –4.6 –3.2 –4.6 –4.9
Brazil –3.4 –3.2 –4.1 –3.0 –1.3 –0.7 –2.2 –2.7 –1.8 –2.3
Chile –4.4 –4.8 –2.0 –2.4 –2.0 –2.3 –3.6 –3.9 –0.9 –1.8
Colombia –3.1 –3.3 –5.2 –6.3 –4.3 –3.3 –3.9 –4.3 –4.7 –4.2
Table A9. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Balance on Current Account (continued)
(Percent of GDP)
Projections
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Latin America and the Caribbean (continued) –2.5 –2.9 –3.1 –3.3 –2.0 –1.6 –2.4 –1.7 –1.5 –1.6
Costa Rica –5.1 –4.8 –4.8 –3.5 –2.2 –3.3 –3.3 –2.5 –4.5 –3.1
Dominica . .. . .. –5.4 –4.7 –7.7 –8.8 –44.6 –29.4 –33.8 –26.4
Dominican Republic –6.5 –4.1 –3.2 –1.8 –1.1 –0.2 –1.4 –1.4 –5.2 –3.7
Ecuador –0.2 –1.0 –0.7 –2.2 1.3 –0.5 –1.4 –0.4 –5.7 –3.6
El Salvador –5.8 –6.9 –5.4 –3.2 –2.3 –1.9 –4.7 –2.1 –4.1 –4.3
Grenada . .. . .. –11.6 –12.5 –11.0 –14.4 –15.9 –15.8 –27.7 –18.0
Guatemala –3.7 –4.2 –3.3 –1.3 0.9 1.1 0.7 1.8 2.6 1.8
Guyana –11.3 –13.0 –9.0 –4.6 –2.4 –6.2 –32.1 –40.3 –20.4 –18.9
Haiti –5.7 –6.6 –8.5 –3.0 –0.9 –1.0 –3.9 –1.4 –3.6 –0.8
Honduras –8.5 –9.5 –6.9 –4.7 –2.6 –0.8 –5.3 –0.7 –2.0 –2.0
Jamaica –9.8 –9.5 –8.0 –3.0 –0.3 –2.6 –1.8 –1.9 –7.8 –3.1
Mexico –1.6 –2.5 –1.9 –2.6 –2.3 –1.8 –1.9 –0.2 –0.3 –0.4
Nicaragua –10.7 –10.9 –7.1 –9.0 –6.6 –4.9 0.6 5.7 1.2 0.6
Panama –9.2 –9.0 –13.4 –9.0 –7.8 –5.9 –8.2 –5.2 –6.8 –6.0
Paraguay –0.9 1.6 –0.1 –0.4 3.6 3.1 0.0 –1.0 –2.2 –1.0
Peru –3.2 –5.1 –4.5 –5.0 –2.6 –1.3 –1.7 –1.4 –0.9 –1.0
St. Kitts and Nevis . .. . .. 0.1 –8.7 –12.7 –11.2 –5.7 –1.7 –10.7 –8.5
St. Lucia . .. . .. –2.5 0.0 –6.5 –1.0 2.2 4.6 –10.3 0.2
St. Vincent and the Grenadines . .. . .. –26.1 –15.3 –13.9 –11.6 –12.0 –10.1 –20.1 –14.8
Suriname 3.3 –3.8 –7.9 –16.4 –5.1 1.9 –3.4 –10.7 –12.0 –11.0
Trinidad and Tobago 13.4 19.3 13.8 7.0 –4.4 5.4 5.6 5.1 –3.3 0.5
Uruguay –4.0 –3.6 –3.2 –0.9 –0.1 0.7 0.1 0.2 –2.5 –3.1
Venezuela 0.7 1.8 2.4 –5.0 –1.4 6.1 8.8 9.8 2.4 3.4
Middle East and Central Asia 11.4 8.8 5.2 –3.9 –4.1 –0.7 2.5 0.4 –5.7 –4.6
Afghanistan 10.9 1.4 6.5 3.7 8.4 7.1 13.0 8.6 4.9 5.8
Algeria 5.9 0.4 –4.4 –16.4 –16.5 –13.2 –9.6 –9.6 –18.3 –17.1
Armenia –10.0 –7.3 –7.8 –2.7 –2.1 –3.0 –9.4 –8.2 –8.6 –7.2
Azerbaijan 21.4 16.6 13.9 –0.4 –3.6 4.1 12.8 9.2 –8.2 –3.7
Bahrain 8.4 7.4 4.6 –2.4 –4.6 –4.5 –5.9 –2.9 –9.6 –7.3
Djibouti –23.4 –30.8 24.0 29.3 –1.0 –4.8 18.0 24.7 –0.8 0.2
Egypt –3.6 –2.2 –0.9 –3.7 –6.0 –6.1 –2.4 –3.6 –4.3 –4.5
Georgia –11.4 –5.6 –10.2 –11.8 –12.5 –8.1 –6.8 –5.1 –10.5 –6.9
Iran 6.0 6.7 3.2 0.3 4.0 3.8 2.1 –0.1 –4.1 –3.4
Iraq 5.1 1.1 2.6 –6.5 –8.3 1.8 6.9 –1.2 –21.7 –14.1
Jordan –15.2 –10.4 –7.2 –9.2 –9.8 –10.8 –7.0 –2.8 –5.8 –5.3
Kazakhstan 1.1 0.8 2.8 –3.3 –5.9 –3.1 –0.1 –3.6 –6.8 –5.5
Kuwait 45.5 40.3 33.4 3.5 –4.6 8.0 14.5 8.9 –10.2 –7.8
Kyrgyz Republic –15.5 –13.9 –17.0 –15.9 –11.6 –6.2 –12.1 –9.1 –16.6 –11.0
Lebanon 1/ –25.9 –28.0 –28.8 –19.9 –23.8 –26.5 –26.7 –20.6 –12.6 . ..
Libya 1/ 29.9 0.0 –78.4 –54.3 –24.6 8.0 1.8 –0.3 –6.6 –8.3
Mauritania –18.8 –17.2 –22.2 –15.5 –11.0 –10.0 –13.8 –10.6 –17.3 –17.4
Morocco –9.3 –7.6 –5.9 –2.1 –4.1 –3.4 –5.3 –4.1 –7.8 –4.3
Oman 10.2 6.6 5.2 –15.9 –19.1 –15.6 –5.5 –5.2 –14.2 –11.1
Pakistan –2.1 –1.1 –1.3 –1.0 –1.7 –4.1 –6.3 –5.0 –1.7 –2.4
Qatar 33.2 30.4 24.0 8.5 –5.5 3.8 8.7 2.4 –1.9 –1.8
Saudi Arabia 22.4 18.1 9.8 –8.7 –3.7 1.5 9.0 6.3 –3.1 –3.4
Somalia . .. –13.6 –8.3 –8.3 –9.3 –9.7 –10.3 –13.7 –11.4 –11.2
Sudan 2/ –12.8 –11.0 –5.8 –8.4 –7.6 –10.1 –13.0 –14.9 –15.2 –11.8
Syria 3/ . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..
Tajikistan –9.0 –10.4 –3.4 –6.1 –4.2 2.2 –5.0 –3.3 –7.7 –4.5
Tunisia –9.1 –9.7 –9.8 –9.7 –9.3 –10.2 –11.2 –8.8 –7.5 –8.1
Turkmenistan –0.9 –7.3 –6.1 –15.6 –20.2 –10.4 5.5 5.1 –1.4 –0.4
United Arab Emirates 19.7 19.0 13.5 4.9 3.7 7.3 10.0 7.4 1.5 4.1
Uzbekistan 0.9 2.4 3.3 1.3 0.4 2.5 –7.1 –5.6 –9.4 –6.4
Yemen –1.7 –3.1 –0.7 –7.1 –3.2 –0.2 –1.4 –7.4 –2.8 –6.0
Table A9. Emerging Market and Developing Economies: Balance on Current Account (continued)
(Percent of GDP)
Projections
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Sub-Saharan Africa –1.6 –2.1 –3.5 –5.8 –3.8 –2.2 –2.5 –4.0 –4.7 –4.2
Angola 10.8 6.1 –2.6 –8.8 –4.8 –0.5 7.0 2.9 –6.7 –3.0
Benin –2.4 –2.6 –2.4 –6.0 –3.0 –4.2 –4.6 –5.1 –5.3 –3.7
Botswana 0.3 8.9 15.4 7.8 7.8 6.1 2.1 –5.2 –2.5 –1.7
Burkina Faso –1.3 –10.0 –7.2 –7.6 –6.1 –5.0 –4.1 –4.4 –4.3 –4.5
Burundi –18.6 –19.7 –19.6 –23.7 –13.8 –14.2 –15.0 –16.4 –17.1 –16.6
Cabo Verde –12.6 –4.9 –9.1 –3.2 –3.9 –7.9 –5.3 –0.2 –7.7 –7.6
Cameroon –3.3 –3.5 –4.0 –3.8 –3.2 –2.7 –3.6 –3.7 –5.7 –4.8
Central African Republic –5.6 –2.9 –13.3 –9.1 –5.3 –7.8 –8.0 –4.9 –5.3 –5.0
Chad –7.8 –9.1 –8.9 –13.8 –10.4 –7.1 –1.4 –4.9 –12.9 –10.1
Comoros –3.2 –4.0 –3.8 –0.3 –4.3 –2.1 –2.8 –3.8 –5.7 –4.5
Democratic Republic of the Congo –4.3 –5.1 –4.7 –3.8 –4.1 –3.3 –3.6 –4.2 –5.4 –4.1
Republic of Congo 17.7 13.8 1.3 –54.2 –63.5 –3.5 7.2 8.4 –1.2 –2.8
Côte d'Ivoire –0.9 –1.0 1.0 –0.4 –0.9 –2.0 –3.6 –2.7 –3.3 –2.5
Equatorial Guinea –1.1 –2.4 –4.3 –16.4 –13.0 –5.8 –5.4 –5.8 –10.4 –7.0
Eritrea 12.9 2.3 17.3 20.8 15.3 24.0 19.0 12.1 10.2 9.4
Eswatini 5.0 10.8 11.6 12.9 7.8 7.0 2.0 6.2 3.5 4.0
Ethiopia –7.1 –6.1 –6.6 –11.7 –9.4 –8.5 –6.5 –5.3 –5.3 –4.6
Gabon 17.9 7.3 7.6 –5.6 –10.4 –6.9 –3.2 –0.8 –8.4 –6.1
The Gambia –4.5 –6.7 –7.3 –9.9 –9.2 –7.4 –9.7 –5.4 –9.8 –9.8
Ghana –8.7 –9.0 –7.0 –5.8 –5.2 –3.4 –3.1 –2.7 –4.5 –3.0
Guinea –19.9 –12.5 –12.9 –12.9 –31.9 –6.7 –18.7 –13.7 –22.9 –16.1
Guinea-Bissau –7.9 –4.3 0.5 1.8 1.4 0.3 –3.5 –10.2 –7.4 –6.4
Kenya –8.4 –8.8 –10.4 –6.7 –4.9 –6.2 –5.0 –4.5 –4.6 –4.4
Lesotho –8.8 –5.3 –5.1 –3.7 –6.6 –2.4 –1.2 –8.3 6.9 –8.2
Liberia –12.3 –14.7 –20.5 –22.2 –19.2 –22.7 –22.4 –22.3 –18.7 –19.7
Madagascar –7.6 –5.5 –0.3 –1.6 0.5 –0.4 0.7 –2.5 –2.9 –3.0
Malawi –9.2 –8.4 –8.2 –17.2 –18.5 –25.6 –20.5 –17.2 –17.9 –17.9
Mali –2.2 –2.9 –4.7 –5.3 –7.2 –7.3 –4.9 –4.2 –3.7 –3.9
Mauritius –7.1 –6.2 –5.4 –3.6 –4.0 –4.6 –5.8 –5.8 –8.4 –7.9
Mozambique –41.8 –40.5 –36.5 –37.4 –35.6 –19.1 –30.9 –42.2 –68.8 –74.0
Namibia –5.7 –4.2 –11.1 –12.8 –15.8 –4.0 –2.7 –2.3 –0.4 –1.0
Niger –10.9 –11.3 –12.1 –15.4 –11.5 –11.4 –12.7 –13.2 –13.5 –16.6
Nigeria 3.8 3.7 0.2 –3.1 0.7 2.8 1.3 –3.8 –3.3 –2.5
Rwanda –9.9 –7.3 –11.8 –15.3 –15.9 –7.5 –8.0 –9.2 –16.2 –10.2
São Tomé and Príncipe –21.8 –14.5 –20.7 –12.0 –6.1 –13.2 –11.1 –12.3 –10.6 –8.9
Senegal –8.7 –8.2 –7.0 –5.7 –4.2 –7.3 –8.8 –9.1 –11.3 –11.4
Seychelles –21.1 –11.9 –23.1 –18.6 –20.6 –20.1 –17.9 –16.7 –27.8 –23.6
Sierra Leone –31.8 –17.5 –9.3 –15.5 –9.2 –21.0 –18.7 –13.9 –14.3 –12.7
South Africa –5.1 –5.8 –5.1 –4.6 –2.9 –2.5 –3.5 –3.0 0.2 –1.3
South Sudan –15.9 –3.9 –2.0 –2.5 4.9 –3.4 –9.3 –2.5 –2.4 0.3
Tanzania –12.0 –10.7 –10.0 –7.9 –4.2 –2.9 –3.5 –3.2 –3.8 –3.8
Togo –7.6 –13.2 –10.0 –11.0 –9.8 –2.0 –3.5 –4.3 –5.4 –4.5
Uganda –5.9 –6.3 –7.0 –6.2 –2.8 –4.5 –7.2 –9.5 –9.7 –8.1
Zambia 4.9 –0.8 2.1 –2.7 –3.3 –1.7 –1.3 1.0 –2.0 –2.6
Zimbabwe 1/ –10.7 –13.2 –11.6 –7.6 –3.6 –1.3 –5.9 1.1 –1.9 –1.9
1/ See country-specific notes for Argentina, Belarus, Lebanon, Libya, Ukraine, and Zimbabwe in the “Country Notes” section of the Statistical Appendix.
2/ Data for 2011 exclude South Sudan after July 9. Data for 2012 and onward pertain to the current Sudan.
3/ Data for Syria are excluded for 2011 onward owing to the uncertain political situation.